Talk:Comparison of Afrikaans and Dutch

1625:(or at least one of the official languages) in all three of these countries there are certain words that are mostly or exclusively used in that country and that can (but aren't necessarily) be part of standard dutch. There exist "hollandic" words that are not part of standard dutch, just as there exist "flemish" words that ARE part of standard dutch. Plus let us not forget that a large part of Dutch speakers live in language areas that cross the Belgian-Dutch border (flemish-zeelandic, brabantic, limburgish). The spoken dialects of Holland certainly differ from standard dutch, and many words that are standard dutch would never be used in Holland. A standard dutch word that is used almost exclusively in Flanders will often be marked as (belgian dutch) in a dictionary such as van dale, whereas the opposite is not always the case. However most dictionaries (including Van Dale and Prisma 775:

neem, which is like English but unlike Dutch). Also, many anglicisms entered the language in the 20th century because people afraid of anglicisms tried to make the language sound less like English, and not realising that what they think are anglicisms are actually normal in Dutch, they changed it to something which is both un-English and un-germanic (e.g. using kant instead of sy, because sy sounds like English side, but meanwhile sy (zijde) is perfectly good Dutch). I think a section on English influence on Afrikaans may be good (we can borrow from Bruce Donaldson's books). --

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the Dutch as I don't know it well enough) there is in fact an important semantic difference between the two phrases, they are not exactly synonymous. "Ek het jou lief" signifies romantic/sexual love in the same way that "I am in love with you" does in English. One can say "Ek is lief vir jou" to anyone but "Ek het jou lief" is only for your lover's ears. The "Ek is lief vir" construction can also be used for inanimate or abstract objects "Ek is lief vir voetbal/roomys" means "I love football/icecream" but saying "Ek het jou lief" to your neighbour's wife is evidence of adultery.

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always forced, whereas in Dutch the word can mean both to be retreched and to resign (so this is a faux amis). I suppose this means that the Afrikaans sentence will be even further removed from the Dutch, because it would have to be "Die pos TNT verwag hulle die komende herorganisering 4500 mensen sal ontslaan." and the English sentence to "The mail TNT expects they would retrench/fire 4500 people the coming reorganisation." --

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injunction to "Love thy neighbour" is covered in this meaning. "Ek het jou lief" is said only between lovers. Hearing your wife tell the man next door "Ek is lief vir jou" is generally unremarkable (depending on the context), whereas if she said "Ek het jou lief" it would be grounds for divorce. An approximate English equivalent is the difference between "I love you" and "I am in love with you". I hope this adequately explains my edit.

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eversince one might now find Afrikaans people using words such as 'Pavement', 'Laptop' (instead of Skootrekenaar) etc. And I personally believe that during apartheid English didn't have a big affect on Afrikaans because of the 'barriar' the apartheid government installed protecting it from other foreign languages. Every since this 'barriar came down' in 1994, Afrikaans people have been using English massivley.

186: 860:"Ik hou van je" is more generic indeed. However "Ik heb je lief" is clearly romantic, it can be used for country or football club, but we are talking passionate love here. Saying "Ik heb je lief" to a person of the same sex, STRONGLY suggests one is either a liar or not heterosexual. On the other hand Dutch makes a difference between "lief zijn" en "liefhebben". Lief zijn is just "being nice" 22: 1522: 1184:"De" and "mensen" are obviously typos :-). Where did I "get" it? Nowhere -- I translated it myself to illustrate the point. If those typos are corrected, it is 100% Afrikaans. The point of the illustration is not the influence of Enlgish on *words* but on sentence construction, fixed expressions and idioms. -- 1256:). As you can see, the reference is just a directory entry: hardly authoritative. Unless I, or someone else can find a proper academic reference to support this claim, I am going to delete the sentence in the introduction that reads "Afrikaans has also been significantly influenced by South African English". 1202:

I don't think it is sufficient to show a similarity to prove cause and effect, as English, Afrikaans and Dutch are sufficiently closely related to have inherited many similarities and there are also cases of parallel evolution. For example Afrikaans is like English but unlike Dutch in that gramatical

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1. I'm not a native Dutch speaker, ThW5. 2. It is true that "maatschappij" is sometimes used in Dutch for an enterprise, but try googling for "postmaatschappij" :-). Also, I said "it is more common" for government or society. 3. Thanks for spotting the "ontslag" blunder. In Afrikaans, "ontslag" is

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Well I'll go find some reference, but you should really be in charge of this since you are the one in South Africa at the moment, not me (hmmphh...) and since I bet your Afrikaans must be wayyyyy better than mine then you should take control, but just before you change a bit please allow me some time

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Quick few words of Bantu origin just off the top of my head: dagga, assegai, donga, indoena, fundi, impala. I'd bet my first born that there is a lot more Bantu vocabulary than Portuguese in Afrikaans. The English Afrikaans mutual influence dates back from waaaayyyyyy before Apartheid and anyway what

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I am a native Afrikaans speaker and to me, there is virtually no distinction between those two phrases. My mom will often say "ek het jou soooo lief". Now I grant that this may be specific to my family's variety of the language. Or maybe only small pockets of the Afrikaans-speaking population make a

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Also note that whereas the Dutch uses "meer dan", Afrikaans speakers would be likely to think that that is an Anglicism, since the English is "more than". This is an example of Afrikaans changing away from Dutch because Afrikaans speakers were going to extremes to prevent using something that looks

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The phrase comparison table includes a line | Ek is lief vir jou | Ik hou van je/jou | I love you |. There are small text alternatives given for Afrikaans "Ek het jou lief" and Dutch "Ik heb je lief" which are described as "less common". However, at least in the case of Afrikaans (I can't comment on

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I'm not so sure about the reverts you made. Are the Bantu influences really "lesser" than for example Portuguese? Has English influence really significantly increased since 1994? To my mind SA English and Afrikaans (and Cape Dutch before) have been influencing each other for about 200 years, I don't

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ARTICLE SAYS: Unlike Dutch, which, like English, has a continuous tense using the verb zijn ("to be") with aan het ("on the") and the infinitive, Afrikaans has no direct equivalent. However, "I am reading", which in Dutch is ik ben aan het lezen, may be expressed periphrastically in Afrikaans as ek

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I believe that this section is too much written from a Dutch speakers' point of view. The differences in the two standards are primarily driven by changes in Dutch rather than changes in Afrikaans. Intelligibility of Dutch is for Afrikaans speakers lower than vice versa, not only because of syncope

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I have changed the entry in the comparison table for the above phrases. It incorrectly marked "Ek het jou lief" as being less common. This is incorrect. There is in fact a very significant semantic difference between the phrases: "Ek is lief vir jou" is the platonic/generic sense. E.g. the biblical

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Leuce, your understanding of Dutch Dutch idiom is clearly not native level. To start with, "maatschappij" is a common word for Dutch enterprises, take the KLM for example. More importantly you fail to understand that "gedwongen" here is used as an adverb, it means that 4500 people will be "forcedly

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If we do add this list we should note that some versions are offensive - for example in Afrikaans "kont" is extremely offensive but in Dutch it's an ordinary word. In modern Afrikaans "meid" is also offensive as it is normally understood to be a racist epithet. I changed your English translation of

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In Netherlandish (Dutch (and Holland) are imprecise terms.) cheque is pronounced as French chèque, not as the English check. Though check/checken are loanwords and are used as simple replacements for controle/controleren, both French loanwords. Occasion (a bargain car) used to be pronounced in the

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As a native Dutch speaker, I can confirm it is a recent loanword. Whilst braaien - as a dialectal variant of braden "to grill" indeed exists in a few dialects (which should be no surprise as this is where Afrikaans got its word from), the non-dialectal word "braaien" is a recent loanword used as a

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Regarding Afrikaans words derived from Malay, I remember reading (what struck me as) a very plausible explanation for the derivation of the word "tickey" - - i.e., that it came from "tiga", the Malay word for "three". I cannot, however, provide a specific reference to a book or article supporting

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The word "maatschappy" does exist in Dutch but it means community or society or government. The word "that" is required in both English and Afrikaans, but not in Dutch. Both Afrikaans and English use "during", whereas the Dutch use "at". The inifitive of the word "force" is used in both English

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That is the general rule, but there is at least one exception: universiteit (university) is pronounced with an "English" v and so might be expected to be spelt uniwersiteit. There are also a number of words that have two spelling variants, one that conforms to Afrikaans spelling rules and one that

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Really? Please don't see me as ignorant but in my mind I always thought that Dutch from North/South Holland (the provinces) was almost the "standard" Dutch, just like the Queen's English is the standard English (well maybe not to all Americans). But please don't judge me as ignorant, if I'm wrong

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Afrikaans is way closer to Standard-Dutch as 18 other Dutch dialects. (Ranked by city on number 22/23/24) The dialects of number 25-41 are commonly accepted as Dutch dialects and they 're "language distance" to Standard-Dutch is further than Afrikaans, while Afrikaans is "accepted" as a language.

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Methinks it is interesting to know that possessive constructions like in Afrikaans with 'se' are sometimes used in Netherlandish (not Dutch!) as well, especially when names end in 's': Hans z'n hond, Mies d'r hondje. These possessive constructions exist in German as well: dem Hans sein Hund, der

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The influence of English on Afrikaans started in 1806 when English became the official language, and the language of schools and churches. The influence wasn't so much on vocabulary level but more on grammatical and syntactical level (e.g. Afrikaans difference between hier and daar or bring and

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Yes definitley. I cannot think of a single word in Afrikaans of Bantu origin, but there must be at least one somewhere, while I can think of many from Portuguese, German etc. And yes, since 1994, the apartheid policy of promoting Afrikaans and shielding it from English influence was removed, and

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references for the opening statement "Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch"? Twenty different references are used 27 times in the lead consisting of two paragraphs totalling only 170 words. Meanwhile the rest of the article has only seven references, four of them to the same source.

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I agree that there tends to be a difference but it is not clear-cut. I do agree that "Ek het jou lief" is far more likely between lovers, but "Ek is lief vir jou" can be used by both lovers and family members. I don't think "Ek is lief vir jou" would be used for a neighbour. --

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Ik heb het Nederlands-Nederlands variant wel genoemd in de - veel uitgebreidere - Nederlandstalige versie van dit artikel. || Op die Nederlandse Knowledge (XXG) word Nederlands-Nederlands wel gebruik. || At the Dutch Knowledge (XXG) the Dutch-Dutch is used in the same sentence.

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Also, please check my Dutch spelling. I considered having a fifth column for comments, but later decided to keep it as simple as possible. Obviously some of these words have multiple meanings and some of those meanings are not represented here (should we mention that?). --

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However then again (please take no offense in this) they say that Afrikaans accents/dialects vary, me and my family are from Joburg, while I see you're from NC, so there might be a difference, especially since the NC has alot of influence from the Khoikhoi

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Hi all, thanks for creating this article, good job! While expanding the different sections I stumbled upon the problem of deciding whether a difference is either phonetic or orthographic. Often they turn out to be both, as for <tjie:

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From the Dutch word "schoenlapper", which is a compound of "schoen" (shoe) and "lapper" (someone who uses patches to repair). A butterfly often has patch-like coloured wings, which resemble the patchwork on a repaired shoe. (Source:

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The Afrikaans "g" is (almost*) always pronounced as IPA "x". (*I'm not willing to state categorically that it is always so even though I'm a fluent speaker.) BTW It seems very few South Africans know IPA which is frustrating.

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on the side of Afrikaans, but also because of stronger influence of other languages on Dutch, meaning that for many words there is no cognate in Afrikaans. Afrikaans, in its standard form, is linguistically much more purist.

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It is probably true that English has had a strong influence on Afrikaans. However, there is only one reference to support this claim. This reference is now dead but can still be retrieved using the Internet Archive

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Dutch might use "meer dan" for "more than", but "meer als" also appears to be widely used, if considered incorrect. That could imply that Afrikaans has standardised "meer as" and Dutch "meer dan" quite by chance.

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Ok I've gone ahead and changed it in the article, if somebody objects I am more than happy to change it back if someone can give me an objective argument as to why Dutch Dutch should be classified differently.

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The Afrikaans "kw" as in "kwart", "kwessie", "kwyn" is the same sound as the English "qu", in "quarter", "quest", "queen", etc. It is a short voiceless aspiration linking the "k" and the following vowel.

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Marie ihr Hündchen; these possessive constructions originally included the dative case. This type of possessive constructions used to be common all along the German-Netherlandish dialect continuum.

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Shouldn't "Dutch Dutch" (Dutch as spoken in the Netherlands) be added as a national variety as well? Dutch Dutch is no more "standard" or "correct" than Dutch spoken in Flanders or Suriname. --

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Maybe that is a poor example but my main point that "Ek het jou lief" is always romantic/sexual - "eros" as distinct from "agape" if you'll forgive my abuse of "Biblical Greek" - is valid.

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BUT: Afrikaans does have "aan die" plus the verb to express continuous action. One could say: Ek was hard aan die werk toe hy hier aankom" ("I was working hard when he arrived here").

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and Afrikaans, but not in Dutch. Although the Dutch "niet meer" is similar to the English "no more", Afrikaans uses "fewer than" instead, which is more typical of English than Dutch.

562:, but that reform didn't catch on). W is pronounced like English v, except in the combinations dw, kw, sw and tw which are pronounced like the English Dwayne, quick, swim and twist. 879:

I'm missing sections on vocabulary and on sentence construction. For the vocabulary, it may be easiest to start of with a section of faux amis. I've taken a number of words from

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I just did a fairly large edit in an attempt to address some of the issues the article has. I'd appreciate review and comments on what I've done - also revert parts if you wish.

1553:), because it is totally NOT proven that Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch. There is also scientific evendence that Afrikaans is just a Dutch dialect, according to the 1965: 1961: 1947: 140: 1234:

I agree that similarity does not prove cause and effect. Obviously I believe that there is probable cause and effect, but the similarity merely illustrates it --

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I've taken the first sentence I could find on a Dutch newspaper's web site and compared it with Afrikaans to show how much of Afrikaans is influenced by English.

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distinction between "Ek is lief vir jou" and "Ek het jou lief". So unless we can find an authoritative source, I suggest that we remove one of these sentences.

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The following statement in the article is untrue (although it indeed seems as if the continuous tense is used less these days than it has been in the past):

1893: 2125: 458:) but a /w/ always makes a (english equivilant) of a /v/ (just like German and Dutch). Hope this makes sense, if you have any more questions just ask :) 435:), my guess is that Afrikaans would be a lot simpler, using /f/ for letters f and v (like German) and /v/ or /w/ for letter w, but that's just a guess. 106: 1583:

Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch and —unlike Belgian Dutch and Surinamese Dutch— a separate standard language rather than a national variety

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How to change this misinformation without naming a source, is a problem. My only source is being a speaker of Afrikaans for close to eighty years.

2140: 1349: 208: 1558: 2115: 1903: 505:, using // as a marker for sound approximation. Apparently, I was correct, since in Afrikaans f and v both cause an /f/ sound (unlike Dutch). 375:) isn't retained in Afrikaans who only has one velar fricative, spelled g. (Possibly the voiceless, which seems more common internationally.) 1913: 97: 58: 1424: 1042:

True, some of these words are offensive in Afrikaans, but this is not the Afrikaans Knowledge (XXG), so no need to remove those words. --

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But then again it's actually quite complicated because a /w/ can make a /w/ sound equivilant of that of English when after a /k/ (such as

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That's an inconsistency. Another very old and outdated theory says Afrikaans is a half-creole of Dutch. But this last theory is refuted.

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Does anyone know where the Afrikaans word for Umbrella (sambreel) comes from? It's quite different from it's Dutch equivalent, paraplu.

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I'm not a native speaker of Dutch or Afrikaans, so I won't change the article, but some of the examples may be misleading to an extent:

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I think this list is totally unnessecary. This are just random words, while 90% till 95% of the Afrikaans words has a Dutch background.

300: 2130: 1216: 594: 1627:]) are moving toward a system of clearly marking (Belgian-Dutch-Surinamese) dutch for words that are only used within one country. -- 199: 163: 1877: 1437:

I pronounce "ee" as as something like "iə" (in IPA) and I am fairly certain that a lot of other Afrikaners do something similar.

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doesn't (perhaps under English influence), for example rewolusie/revolusie, ewolusie/evolusie, Sjina/China, Meksiko/Mexiko etc.

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Yes, much better, but I did revert one or two changes because I felt they were too important to ignore. Thanks for the help :)

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French way, but nowadays, because of the lack of decent education in the French language, it is pronounced in the English way.

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If you prefer it that way, go ahead and change, but I don't really hear much of a difference between Pee-Sung and Pee-Sahng.

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I have added the article linked to two other pages, what exactly is the criteria for an article to be 'de-orphanis(z)ed'???

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https://web.archive.org/web/20110429011926/http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/dspace/bitstream/2066/56692/1/56692_JS&N20070001.pdf

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Dutch: Postbedrijf TNT verwacht bij de komende reorganisatie niet meer dan 4500 mensen gedwongen te hoeven ontslaan.

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English (since Afrikaans speakers do not hear Dutch all the time, and can't judge if something is good Dutch). --

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fired", i.e. people retiring, changing jobs on their own account and so on have already been taken into account.

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to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the

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gives its origin as Berber through Arabic. I would remove it but there is a (not very trustworthy) reference. --

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agent | agent (including secret agent, real estate agent, or even sales representative) | agent | police officer

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the government wants and what the people do are often different things. I'm going to tag the claims for cites.

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instead of beneden. An example identical in structure to braden/braaien is: maden/maaien which is 'maggots'.

1428: 1401:"oe" (pronounced ) and "ee" (pronounced ) are not diphtongs in Afrikaans, as claimed in one of the sections. 39: 1841: 1492: 1412: 1166:

Afrikaans. "De" and "Mensen" don't exist in Afrikaans, so I don't get where you are getting your facts from?

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Yes, f and v are both pronounced like English f (in fact in one early spelling system v was changed to f, eg

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https://web.archive.org/web/20110503201606/http://cs.engr.uky.edu/~gstump/periphrasispapers/Progressive.pdf

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https://web.archive.org/web/20110429011940/http://www.let.rug.nl/~heeringa/dialectology/papers/prasa08.pdf

1755: 1655: 1608: 1567: 1461: 1438: 1341: 1257: 1220: 1171: 1069: 820:, etc (leven, lewe, vogel, vo:el...), whereas other times it is purely orthographic (as for the <y: --> 800: 757: 726: 678: 638: 598: 483: 463: 360: 319: 265: 2093: 2073: 1983:

If you have discovered URLs which were erroneously considered dead by the bot, you can report them with

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

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on Knowledge (XXG). If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join

1884:. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit 351:

sound (unknown sound in English) that is found in German and Dutch, is replaced simply with the letter

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http://web.archive.org/web/20100727090945/http://www.lycos.com/info/afrikaans--standard-afrikaans.html

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before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template

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English: The mail TNT expects they to retrench/fire 4500 people the coming reorganisation.

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Afrikaans: Die pos TNT verwag hulle de komende herorganisering om 4500 mensen te ontslaan.

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is a recent loanword from Afrikaans into Dutch. No it isn't. It's a common way of pronouncing

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Can anyone find a reference as to where the Afrikaans for Butterfly (Skoenlapper) comes from?

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What do you mean? In Afrikaans the letters /f/ and /v/ make the exact same sound (for example

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which is 'roasting'. You hear this sort of dropping of the letter 'd' in many other words:

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ongesteld | feeling generally ill (both sexes) | ongesteld | having one's periods (female)

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If you found an error with any archives or the URLs themselves, you can fix them with

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Pronunciation Cheque: French and English pronunciation in Netherlandish (not "Dutch")

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Die pos TNT verwag hulle de komende herorganisering om 4500 mensen te ontslaan.

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I agree in it's deletion, I only created it because I found a red link about it. --

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boodskap | message | boodschap | shopping item (or message, depending on context)

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The official language of both The Netherlands, Belgium and Suriname is the same

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http://dare.ubn.kun.nl/dspace/bitstream/2066/56692/1/56692_JS&N20070001.pdf

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gender has been lost, but the loss has happened independently in each language.

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braaf | brave (or respectible in older Afrikaans) | braaf | obedient, innocent

776: 181: 79: 826:...). Any help in simplifying the classification would be much appreciated!-- 2027:

is besig om te lees (literally "I am busy to read") or "I am busy reading".

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What I think the sentence means is that the Dutch difference between the

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Afrikaans "fok" because the English "fuck" is in fact an exact cognate.

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nek | neck and throat | nek | neck (back of neck only, excluding throat)

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think the last 16 years have been any different than the preceding 200.

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This is why Afrikaans uses w in places where Dutch uses v, eg Afrikaans

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Afrikaans word | meaning in English | Dutch word | meaning in English

881:] and distilled it into a table (which someone must please wikify): 1517:

Excessive citing in the lead, inadequate in the rest of the article

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amper | almost | amper | almost, almost not (depending on context)

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synonym for "to barbecue" (esp. a South-African style barbecue).

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resep | recipe, for cooking | recept | prescription, for medicine

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aardig | strange, weird, unpleasant | aardig | pleasant, friendly

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http://cs.engr.uky.edu/~gstump/periphrasispapers/Progressive.pdf

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Language distance of Dutch dialects according to Standard-Dutch.

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http://www.let.rug.nl/~heeringa/dialectology/papers/prasa08.pdf

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nodig | necessary, required | nodig | necessarily, forthcoming

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bees | singular for cattle | beest | animal, including insects

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Difference between "Ek is lief vir jou" and "Ek het jou lief"

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When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the

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for additional information. I made the following changes:

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verskoon | pardon | verschonen | undress, change diaper

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http://www.essortment.com/all/historyafrikaan_rqrs.htm

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that ... but if we search, maybe we will find one. --

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Ponelis, Fritz (1999). "1.2.4.2 Portugese invloed".

203:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 101:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 1960:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors 1768:

http://www.etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/schoenlapper

1489:Ref was easier to find than expected. Here you go: 1002:suinig | stingy, miserly | zuinig | frugal, thifty 915:gemeen | cruel | gemeen | common, having in common 237:This article has not yet received a rating on the 1084:English influence on Afrikaans (just to show you) 975:pan | pan, flat cooking pan | pan | saucepan, pot 939:leraar | minister of religion | leraar | teacher 936:kuier | visit with friends | kuier | walk slowly 2051:, If it's unsourced you can simply remove it. 1946:This message was posted before February 2018. 966:olik | feeling ill | olijk | cute, mischevious 1475:. I'll see if I can find a ref to confirm. -- 431:Dutch has a rich volume of labiodentals (see 409:Alright. Thanks for the reply. I'll rewrite. 8: 996:vervelend | boring | vervelend | unfortunate 945:meid | female domestic servant | meid | girl 1831: 972:fok | fuck | fok | to breed with (animals) 279:and that will solve the red link problem. 152: 47: 1876:I have just modified 3 external links on 1158:Where did you get the Afrikaans sentance 903:blameer | blame | blameren | put to shame 332:IPA is better than Ad Hoc approximations. 1520: 981:pikkie | small boy | pikje | small penis 115:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject South Africa 948:motor | automobile | motor | motorcycle 343:I have some trouble with this sentence 154: 49: 19: 1810:It is claimed in the phrase list that 954:nael | finger nail | nagel | iron nail 1935:to let others know (documentation at 1727:as a word of Khoisan origin. However 999:waarsku | warn | waarschuwen | inform 960:neuk | assault | neuk | have sex with 933:kont | cunt | kont | buttocks, bottom 900:beseer | injured | blesseer | injured 217:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Languages 7: 2136:Unknown-importance language articles 2121:Mid-importance South Africa articles 2019:Afrikaans does have continuous tense 1557:of prof. Hoppenbrouwers. As you can 875:Vocabulary and sentence construction 197:This article is within the scope of 95:This article is within the scope of 990:stoep | verandah | stoep | sidewalk 823:...) or purely phonetic (<w: --> 275:OK, we can make this a redirect to 38:It is of interest to the following 1603:please educate me on the subject. 951:mug | midge, gnat | mug | mosquito 14: 2126:WikiProject South Africa articles 1880:. Please take a moment to review 1878:Comparison of Afrikaans and Dutch 118:Template:WikiProject South Africa 918:grappig | funny | grappig | cute 184: 174: 156: 82: 72: 51: 20: 1786:Influences from other languages 1529:Is it really necessary to have 299:No it is pronunced Pee-Sahng -- 135:This article has been rated as 2141:WikiProject Languages articles 1433:14:08, 13 September 2011 (UTC) 1115:16:30, 16 September 2010 (UTC) 1018:15:55, 16 September 2010 (UTC) 785:16:04, 16 September 2010 (UTC) 721:to find a bit more reference. 220:Template:WikiProject Languages 1: 2116:C-Class South Africa articles 2043:04:04, 15 December 2017 (UTC) 2014:02:01, 29 November 2016 (UTC) 1741:00:31, 16 February 2014 (UTC) 1714:09:52, 21 December 2013 (UTC) 1572:17:44, 30 December 2011 (UTC) 1320:16:17, 16 February 2011 (UTC) 1302:12:28, 16 February 2011 (UTC) 1286:11:26, 19 December 2010 (UTC) 1244:12:10, 16 February 2011 (UTC) 1194:12:10, 16 February 2011 (UTC) 1150:12:10, 16 February 2011 (UTC) 1074:17:50, 30 December 2011 (UTC) 1052:11:49, 16 February 2011 (UTC) 1034:11:39, 19 December 2010 (UTC) 987:spuug | spit | spugen | vomit 912:sjaal | shawl | sjaal | scarf 856:11:39, 2 September 2010 (UTC) 810:classification of differences 790: 211:and see a list of open tasks. 109:and see a list of open tasks. 1780:19:31, 8 February 2015 (UTC) 1760:19:09, 8 February 2015 (UTC) 1687:14:11, 6 February 2012 (UTC) 1660:23:19, 5 February 2012 (UTC) 1637:13:15, 3 February 2012 (UTC) 1613:15:43, 31 January 2012 (UTC) 1597:15:37, 31 January 2012 (UTC) 1544:14:23, 2 November 2011 (UTC) 1447:16:53, 29 January 2012 (UTC) 1354:16:46, 29 January 2012 (UTC) 1266:16:34, 29 January 2012 (UTC) 1176:19:35, 10 October 2010 (UTC) 1131:17:41, 10 October 2010 (UTC) 870:17:09, 10 October 2010 (UTC) 805:20:34, 11 January 2010 (UTC) 762:18:44, 15 January 2010 (UTC) 731:18:42, 15 January 2010 (UTC) 706:08:05, 12 January 2010 (UTC) 683:07:42, 12 January 2010 (UTC) 662:07:26, 12 January 2010 (UTC) 643:20:19, 11 January 2010 (UTC) 628:19:41, 11 January 2010 (UTC) 540:17:31, 11 January 2010 (UTC) 324:17:14, 6 December 2009 (UTC) 309:16:20, 6 December 2009 (UTC) 1509:19:09, 5 October 2011 (UTC) 1494:Die Oorsprong van Afrikaans 1485:19:04, 5 October 2011 (UTC) 1471:It's from there Portuguese 1466:17:30, 5 October 2011 (UTC) 1225:21:53, 2 January 2011 (UTC) 942:maak | create | maken | fix 927:jurk | skirt | jurk | dress 515:22:03, 7 January 2010 (UTC) 488:19:46, 7 January 2010 (UTC) 468:19:45, 7 January 2010 (UTC) 445:18:14, 7 January 2010 (UTC) 419:20:02, 4 January 2010 (UTC) 401:06:51, 4 January 2010 (UTC) 385:08:49, 3 January 2010 (UTC) 2157: 2102:12:39, 1 August 2021 (UTC) 2082:12:02, 1 August 2021 (UTC) 2061:12:49, 1 August 2021 (UTC) 1977:(last update: 5 June 2024) 1873:Hello fellow Wikipedians, 1801:12:23, 15 March 2015 (UTC) 1559:see at the Dutch wikipedia 1417:09:54, 6 August 2011 (UTC) 239:project's importance scale 141:project's importance scale 2131:C-Class language articles 2087:Afrikaans possessive 'se' 1863:13:52, 30 July 2016 (UTC) 1846:20:52, 21 June 2015 (UTC) 1366:Some inaccurate examples? 978:poep | fart | poep | shit 930:rok | dress | rok | skirt 924:jas | coat | jas | jacket 369:voiceless velar fricative 289:19:11, 26 July 2009 (UTC) 270:18:58, 26 July 2009 (UTC) 236: 169: 134: 67: 46: 1555:Feature Frequency Method 1392:09:45, 1 July 2011 (UTC) 921:hek | gate | hek | fence 836:22:17, 17 May 2010 (UTC) 603:12:20, 18 May 2010 (UTC) 98:WikiProject South Africa 1869:External links modified 1549:I think it is needed ( 1526: 1376:is used in Afrikaans 361:voiced velar fricative 28:This article is rated 1524: 200:WikiProject Languages 121:South Africa articles 32:on Knowledge (XXG)'s 1958:regular verification 1699:Tickey - from Malay? 1382:is valid Afrikaans. 339:Unscientific writing 1948:After February 2018 1927:parameter below to 501:I tried writing in 90:South Africa portal 2002:InternetArchiveBot 1953:InternetArchiveBot 1723:The article gives 1527: 841:Phrase comparisons 34:content assessment 2086: 1978: 1848: 1836:comment added by 1439:Wynand.winterbach 1407:comment added by 1357: 1342:Wynand.winterbach 1340:comment added by 1258:Wynand.winterbach 1215:comment added by 593:comment added by 558:(free) was spelt 253: 252: 249: 248: 245: 244: 223:language articles 151: 150: 147: 146: 2148: 2053:Roger (Dodger67) 2012: 2003: 1976: 1975: 1954: 1942: 1578:National variety 1498: 1419: 1356: 1334: 1227: 791:'De-orphanising' 605: 454:in Afrikaans is 427:Consonant sounds 225: 224: 221: 218: 215: 194: 189: 188: 178: 171: 170: 160: 153: 123: 122: 119: 116: 113: 92: 87: 86: 85: 76: 69: 68: 63: 55: 48: 31: 25: 24: 16: 2156: 2155: 2151: 2150: 2149: 2147: 2146: 2145: 2106: 2105: 2089: 2069: 2021: 2006: 2001: 1969: 1962:have permission 1952: 1936: 1886:this simple FaQ 1871: 1808: 1788: 1748: 1721: 1701: 1580: 1519: 1490: 1454: 1402: 1399: 1368: 1335: 1273: 1210: 1086: 877: 843: 812: 793: 616: 588: 433:Dutch phonology 429: 341: 297: 258: 222: 219: 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1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1066:I90Christian 1005: 878: 859: 844: 821:, <k: --> 818:, <w: --> 816:, <z: --> 813: 797:Bezuidenhout 794: 754:Bezuidenhout 723:Bezuidenhout 675:Bezuidenhout 635:Bezuidenhout 617: 595:82.32.72.129 575: 571: 569: 559: 555: 480:Bezuidenhout 477: 460:Bezuidenhout 455: 451: 430: 372: 364: 358: 352: 348: 342: 316:Bezuidenhout 298: 262:Bezuidenhout 259: 198: 136: 112:South Africa 103:South Africa 96: 59:South Africa 40:WikiProjects 1939:Sourcecheck 1822:instead of 1746:Skoenlapper 1211:—Preceding 589:—Preceding 578:(harbour). 2110:Categories 2009:Report bug 1855:Morgengave 1793:Morgengave 1772:Morgengave 1423:Seconded. 1162:. That is 574:and Dutch 507:惑乱 Wakuran 478:Kwessies) 437:惑乱 Wakuran 411:惑乱 Wakuran 377:惑乱 Wakuran 367:) and the 1992:this tool 1985:this tool 1473:sombrinha 371:(spelled 363:(spelled 277:Afrikaans 256:Deletion? 214:Languages 205:languages 164:Languages 1998:Cheers.— 1834:unsigned 1725:assegaai 1719:Assegaai 1679:Lamadude 1629:Lamadude 1589:Lamadude 1452:sambreel 1405:unsigned 1397:Diphtong 1350:contribs 1338:unsigned 1213:unsigned 828:Hooiwind 591:unsigned 295:Pee-Sung 1925:checked 1882:my edit 1828:benejen 1824:geleden 1820:gelejen 1812:braaien 1806:Braaien 1729:Assegai 1551:sarcasm 614:Cleanup 281:Alarics 139:on the 30:C-class 1933:failed 1816:braden 1501:NJR_ZA 1477:NJR_ZA 1384:Park3r 36:scale. 1733:Error 1706:DLMcN 1536:Roger 1312:Roger 1294:leuce 1278:Roger 1236:leuce 1186:leuce 1142:leuce 1107:leuce 1044:leuce 1026:Roger 1010:leuce 848:Roger 777:leuce 698:Roger 654:Roger 620:Roger 576:haven 532:Roger 393:Roger 2098:talk 2078:talk 2057:talk 2039:talk 1929:true 1859:talk 1842:talk 1797:talk 1776:talk 1756:talk 1737:talk 1710:talk 1683:talk 1656:talk 1633:talk 1609:talk 1593:talk 1568:talk 1540:talk 1531:five 1505:talk 1481:talk 1462:talk 1443:talk 1429:talk 1413:talk 1388:talk 1346:talk 1316:talk 1298:talk 1282:talk 1262:talk 1240:talk 1221:talk 1190:talk 1172:talk 1146:talk 1127:talk 1123:ThW5 1111:talk 1070:talk 1048:talk 1030:talk 1014:talk 866:talk 862:ThW5 852:talk 832:talk 801:talk 781:talk 758:talk 727:talk 702:talk 679:talk 658:talk 639:talk 624:talk 599:talk 572:hawe 536:talk 511:talk 484:talk 464:talk 456:voet 452:foot 441:talk 415:talk 397:talk 381:talk 347:The 320:talk 305:talk 285:talk 266:talk 1966:RfC 1943:). 1931:or 1916:to 1906:to 1896:to 1770:). 1374:jas 1164:not 815:--> 752:). 560:fry 556:vry 503:IPA 233:??? 131:Mid 2112:: 2100:) 2080:) 2059:) 2041:) 1979:. 1974:}} 1970:{{ 1941:}} 1937:{{ 1861:) 1844:) 1826:; 1799:) 1778:) 1758:) 1739:) 1712:) 1685:) 1677:-- 1658:) 1635:) 1611:) 1595:) 1570:) 1542:) 1507:) 1499:-- 1483:) 1464:) 1445:) 1431:) 1415:) 1390:) 1352:) 1348:• 1318:) 1300:) 1284:) 1264:) 1242:) 1223:) 1192:) 1174:) 1148:) 1129:) 1113:) 1072:) 1050:) 1032:) 1016:) 868:) 854:) 834:) 803:) 783:) 760:) 729:) 704:) 681:) 660:) 641:) 626:) 601:) 538:) 513:) 486:) 466:) 443:) 417:) 399:) 383:) 373:ch 349:ch 322:) 307:) 287:) 268:) 2096:( 2076:( 2055:( 2037:( 2011:) 2007:( 1994:. 1987:. 1857:( 1840:( 1795:( 1774:( 1754:( 1735:( 1708:( 1681:( 1654:( 1631:( 1607:( 1591:( 1566:( 1538:( 1503:( 1497:. 1479:( 1460:( 1441:( 1427:( 1411:( 1386:( 1344:( 1314:( 1296:( 1280:( 1260:( 1252:( 1238:( 1219:( 1188:( 1170:( 1144:( 1125:( 1109:( 1068:( 1046:( 1028:( 1012:( 864:( 850:( 830:( 799:( 779:( 756:( 748:( 725:( 700:( 677:( 656:( 637:( 622:( 597:( 534:( 509:( 482:( 462:( 439:( 413:( 395:( 379:( 365:g 355:. 353:g 318:( 303:( 283:( 264:( 241:. 143:. 42::

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