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Talk:GCHQ

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courts say as a result. So for instance Liberty and PI's case in the IPT showed that bulk collection was effectively unlawful prior to publication of codes of practice; similar questions are emerging about equipment interference (hacking). At the point that all these groups reach the ECHR. their viewpoints on mass surveillance and bulk collection will be validated or rejected. But the ECHR process is ultimately far more important than IPT rulings, which as I mentioned have been found to lack the ability to make proper human rights remedies by the ECHR. Similarly, the ISC claims that bulk collection is not mass surveillance needs caveating by the fact that it will be appointed by nominees selected by the Prime Minister, and the current nominees are IIRC prime ministerial appointees.
2978:. In addition, there has been mainstream criticism of aspects of the above viewpoints which also needs to be noted. As an aside, following this week's report from the ISC, the Guardian came out strongly critical of the status quo and in favour of privacy and civil liberties as it always does, the Times carried some articles on the other side, the BBC has to be balanced and the Telegraph didn't even seem to cover it as far as I saw. While Liberty etc play an important role for rights, they are not democratically elected representatives, and the aforementioned articles seem to slip off the website front pages more quickly than I expected. The papers also seemed to be expressing editorial viewpoints, there doesn't seem to be a strong voice from the public at large being reported. 432: 411: 749: 717: 831: 810: 1402:
involved in the day-to-day operations of code-breaking and construction, he or other senior SIS staff represented GC&CS over matters such as foreign relations and inter-departmental arrangements for radio and cable interception. Senior promotions, financial questions and internal organisation within GC&CS were approved by him. In July 1938 Sinclair purchased Bletchley Park in Buckinghamshire as a wartime evacuation location for both his organisations. Both moved there in August 1939.
259: 190: 733: 701: 781: 1290:, that GC&CS was part of SIS after it was moved to the FCO from Admiralty. This remained the case until after WWII when it had got to a sufficient size that it could operate independently of SIS and split out. As a result of this Menzies had close control of the ULTRA intercept material generated from Bletchley. I haven't got access to the book at the moment but can anyone corroborate this from another source? 1003: 765: 586: 379: 927: 906: 319: 292: 2139: 250: 658: 647: 636: 625: 614: 544: 500: 2008:. When requesting whitelisting, be sure to supply the link to be whitelisted and wrap the link in nowiki tags. The whitelisting process can take its time so once a request has been filled out, you may set the invisible parameter on the tag to true. Please be aware that the bot will replace removed tags, and will remove misplaced tags regularly. 1494:
site as well as a significant change of focus from the USSR to CT andassymetric threats? I'd suggest that it's more meaningful to just talk in general terms; management, technology, collection planning, collection, analysis and dissemination. those are likely to survive any business change as these are the SIGINT activities.
3804:. I can well imagine that the initialism is the common name in UK Government circles and among those with a particular interest, but to myself and I suspect to a large portion of the global audience it's completely unrecognisable. It sounds more like a military organisation. No comparison to NATO at all. 2992:
I agree that some of these points could go into the ISC and IPT articles for instance but many seem to be absent there too. I see no mention of Burden v United Kingdom (2008) 47 EHRR 38. and Malik v United Kingdom (Application no.32968/11) ECHR 794 (28 May 2013) for instance, which say that the IPT
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No, i think it is a suitable statment, as the case effectivley defines what bits of the state can be "sued" by a citizen, that is which decisions of branches of government a citizen can request for a judge to review. (although of course unlike many other states the judge doesn't have the authority to
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Yup oddly it really does old chap - the article is formatted as GCHQ through the decades and each decade has been tagged with the year and a little statement encapsulating the challenges to GCHQ - I thought that was fine - 2010 is not formatted the same way - the link talks to the perception of each
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OK, so the two had the same head and they were co-located? GC&CS formed in the Admiralty and SIS originated as the Naval Section? Call me a bluff old traditionalist but that looks remarkably like they were the same organisation. although I note that both those sources are later than the Biog
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Hi, I think GCHQ's operation to manipulate Latin American opinion on the Falklands deserves a mention in the article, but not sure if there's an appropriate section. Maybe a new section in history on Snowden's leaks should be added? Currently history only deals with their reaction to the internet
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reconfirmed the scope of judicial review of the exercise of prerogative powers (the Crown's residual powers under common law). It happened to concern GCHQ, but that seems no more relevant than the location of a road accident or any other litigated event. Would it be better omitted, or linked to an
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The organisation section references Bamford and an organisation as of 1983. Is this really all that meaningful, since Cheltenham has undergone several rounds of business change, including a significant downsizing to move into the new build and then an unplift requiring the retention of the Oakley
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I thought I'd help on the role of Liberty, Privacy international and so on. The validation of their views is not in their pronouncements per se, which as ou say are of a self appointed group, albeit ones that can claim some expertise and experience. The validation or not is ultimately in what the
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I recall MPs have the power to review and veto the prime minister's nominations which I think needs to be reflected as well. And the committee members themselves are elected by their constituents as MPs so accountable to their electorate; any slip up in their role or otherwise could see them lose
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Cyberbot II has detected that page contains external links that have either been globally or locally blacklisted. Links tend to be blacklisted because they have a history of being spammed, or are highly innappropriate for Knowledge. This, however, doesn't necessarily mean it's spam, or not a good
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GCCS officially formed on 1 November 1919, and produced its first decrypt on 19 October. - 19th of october? what year? Surely the first decrypt wasnt made before it was formed? Its capabilities are suspected to include the ability to monitor a large proportion of the world's transmitted civilian
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By 1926 SIS and GC&CS shared Broadway Buildings (54 Broadway, St James's), performing distinct activities and occupying different floors. In his GC&CS role, Sinclair took the title 'Director of GC&CS'. Denniston and his deputy Edward Travis reported to him. Although Sinclair was not
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Richard Aldrich's book "GCHQ: The Uncensored Story of Britain's Most Secret Intelligence Agency" is surely the definitive authority on the subject and uses GC&CS rather than GCCS throughout. I therefore suggest that it is appropriate to use the ampersand version of the abbreviation in this
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GC&CS...formed initially in the Admiralty, but by 1922 transferred to the Foreign Office, under the Chief of the Secret Service, to which service, however, it did not belong...apart from the co-location and the common head there appears to have been no other connection, administratively or
2879:(since 1947) are both classical top tier newspapers with national coverage. The advantage I see in having a short independent article is that it can be linked to different topics (Belgacom, GCHQ, Mass Surveillance, Snowden revelation ect.)easily and it does increase visibility when searching 1059:
Either the senior staff at Bletchley is not identical with the senior staff at GC&CS, in which case Alan Turing does not belong onto that list, or it is, in which case at least Gordon Welchman is missing from the list. And maybe Hugh Alexander and Stuart Milner-Barry as well.
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Thanks, I don't wish to make these edits however. I'm happy to supply the information (including publicly) but I think it would be a step too far for me to write parts of the articles. See my user page, I think it would pose too many questions in some people's minds about NPOV
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1) The title of this section is overblown: the paragraph only relates a minor legal decision, not any constitutional position of GCHQ.The history of the sacking and reemployment of GCHQ staff for union activities is much more relevant to the article, under a different heading.
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A few of the references points to what seems like a surname, year and a page without any ISDN or further documentation where you can actually find these. For example, look at reference 1, 4, 5 and 6. Are they replaceable or traceable? I've been searching with no success.
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from 1942 which suggests using the "GCHQ" as a cover name for Bletchley Park, but it could well be that this was a covername for the BP site, while the entire organisation was still offically known as GC&CS (work was done elsewhere apart from BP) until 1946.
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decade through the eyes of Politico anyhow - so adding the tone of 2010 to an Intelligence Service - kinda makes sense - is this clear? It is really not super complicated - should have not bothered to explain if this is confusing matters - cheers Dr.
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does not offer any human rights remedy on surveillance questions. I see no mention of the lack of appeals at the IPT in that article. The ISC oversight omissions (unregulated databases for instance) are new information that I think needs adding here.
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Removed: "It is the most successful and advanced listening station in the Western World." I don't see how this could ever be verified given that governments are generally less that enthusiastic in publicizing their intelligence capabilities. -- anon
263: 3749:. The article title should be GCHQ, which everyone knowns, and should then be explained as Government Communications Headquarters (with a redirect). I would never have known that Government Communications Headquarters was the same as GCHQ.-- 3027:
their seat, as we have seen recently. But I think this debate belongs on the ISC article. This article should just correctly state who has the power to nominate, appoint and veto. Separately, there has also been mention of establishing a
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to overall Director of GC&CS...these arrangements prevailed until the end of the Second World War. After the war, GCHQ managed to escape from the control of "C" and disengage itself from the even more fraught management problems of
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Why have you decided to present it in its own section? Not a single other alleged GCHQ operation has its own subsection, so the relatively minor Operation Socialist has undue prominence on the page. Even the vastly more significant
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I doubt it. I expect they are both as successful and advanced as they are required to be. As we are never allowed to see the output of GCHQ, despite been forced to fund it via taxes, we can never know whether it is successful or
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says that members are appointed by the HoC from persons that are "nominated for membership by the Prime Minister". That of course makes it questionable whether it is truly independent, as the members are Prime Ministerial
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Added some clarity to the PKI innovation section - it was broadly accurate, though by 1997 when the work was declassified the PKI world had marched on and the 1969 work became another footnote in cryptography history.
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are merely mentioned within the relevant history sections. Operation Socialist should be spun off to a new article and mentioned within the context of Snowden's revelations within the recent history section.
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also on another constitutional point the minister responsible should be the Primeminister who is the head of security services, rather than david milliband, the minister in charge of the funding department?
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In practical terms I can fully understand why the work of HUMINTers and SIGINTers wouldn't be integrated, they are different disciplines and whilst one does tend to cue the other the actual practice differs
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This article is about the Government Communications Headquarters. The Global surveillance template (on the right) was added, which I replaced with a See also template (above) in the most relevant section.
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John Solomon and Sara Carter, have reported that Crown Prosecutor Alison Saunders had dinner with Bruce and Nellie Ohr, xi bearin their private home, four days before GCHQ Richard Hannigan came over....
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Also this is factually misleading: "The Parliament of the United Kingdom appoints an Intelligence and Security Committee"–the committee has been appointed by the Prime Minister up to now, and the
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Why on earth is 'fired' more npov than 'sacked'? As far as I know, 'fired' is the American word for 'sacked': both mean 'summarily dismissed'. Since this is a UK article, it ought to be 'sacked'.
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The European Parliament had a sub-committee that reported on Echelon. I don't know if that counts as 'authoritative' or whatever. Here's a link to the European Parliament PDF report:
1931:. It could do with some more info and eyes on it before possible inclusion in this article near the history section. To discuss the template, not it's inclusion here, please use the 4129: 3413: 1497:
I'd just go ahead and do it, but since it excises quite a chunk of the article I thought it would be better to discuss it first, in case anyone gets worked up about the fact that
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I have tagged for improvements, i am not going to improve this article myself, but could somebody look into making some edits re the new laws and re popular culture references.
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states "if readers somewhat familiar with the subject are likely to only recognise the name by its acronym, then the acronym should be used as a title". This is the case here.
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Feedback from editors of this article would be greatly appreciated. Please come join us as we brainstorm, polish, and present this proposal to the Knowledge Community. --
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I would simply add a link the topic the same way as for "Mastering the Internet" & "Global Telecoms Exploitation" (GTE) in the history section if that is ok with you
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is a proposal for the English Knowledge to take special steps to promote awareness of global surveillance on February 11, 2014. That date is chosen to coincide with
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I don't know how much influence and control this gave Menzies over ULTRA, or whether he used this influence to improve the standing of SIS in the government (as our
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I just realized that these are infact references to books but is done incorrectly so they are unclickable. I have no idea how to fix it so can someone else do it?
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GCHQ isn't funded by FCO, it's funded by the Single Intelligence Account, which is managed by Cabinet Office. It is accountable to the Foreign Secretary though.
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On your first points, agree, I would say go ahead and add to those articles while this discussion is fresh, with cites ideally. On your second point, after the
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When did GC&CS change its name to GCHQ? I've come across different versions: some pinpoint it at around 1942, others say 1946. (I'll try and dig them up).
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In general, if readers somewhat familiar with the subject are likely to only recognise the name by its acronym, then the acronym should be used as a title.
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https://www.sebgorka.com/video/the-truth-about-british-intelligences-role-in-obamagate-john-solomon-and-sara-carter-with-sebastian-gorka-on-america-first/
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I am not necessarily against moving the section - so you suggest to add a bullet point to the list for *MIT *GTE and link it to an standalone article ?--
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https://web.archive.org/web/20150206205536/http://www.gchq.gov.uk/press_and_media/news_and_features/Pages/IPT-Ruling-on-Interception-Feb-2014.aspx
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might be the right approach; if it has then a new article might be the right way to go. The usual policies are good for guidance, for example
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I only added this - as another editor gave me an outrageous and ridiculously hard time for the PKI contribution - have a great day Dr.
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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a
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as the arbiters of Operation Quito, and so it should be included in their article. Snowden's leaks are well linked from this article.
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I had a quick look only, looks fine in principle, I did not check the sources. One thing worth considering is has the topic received
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I cannot corroborate, but rather contradict: it was not part of SIS, though it reported to the head of the Secret Service. GC&CS
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telephone, fax and data traffic, primarily by way of satellite intercepts. - isn't most data transferred via fibre these days?
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by 1922 transferred to the Foreign Office, under the Chief of the Secret Service, to which service however, it did not belong.
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And the assertion that there is no mass surveillance is reported without any counter view being mentioned in several places
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Please go ahead and make the improvements, if you have the sources yourself, rather than just tagging the article. Thanks.
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thank you for taking the time to have a look - as far as sources go they are as good as it gets for European sources:
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According to the Biography Menzies controlled the access list for the ULTRA compartment and it's international release.
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There is already at hatnote that links to the article that has the list, at the top of the "Leadership" section. -
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The article says that the ECHELON section needs references. Would any of these be suitable for use as references?
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An anonymous contributor removed this, and I can't verify it; I've moved it here in case anyone can cite a source.
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to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
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to delete these "External links modified" talk page sections if they want to de-clutter talk pages, but see the
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Amongst insiders, the organisation is gaining the nickname "The Jam" (since it can be found inside a doughnut).
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https://cdn.website-editor.net/07abdd0b496f4ee7a8b38c87f89a04ec/files/uploaded/UK%252520-%252520FISA.pdf
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https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/top-secret-spy-agency-gchq-14516029
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http://www.gchq.gov.uk/press_and_media/news_and_features/Pages/IPT-Ruling-on-Interception-Feb-2014.aspx
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page where we can address the broad issues, such as the relative scope of MI5 and MI6 (as mentioned
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after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
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https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2019/12/27/how-will-history-books-remember-the-2010s-089796
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/oct/25/leaked-memos-gchq-mass-surveillance-secret-snowden
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before doing mass systematic removals. This message is updated dynamically through the template
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http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/jul/01/gchq-spied-amnesty-international-tribunal-email
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http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/jul/01/gchq-spied-amnesty-international-tribunal-email
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See above. It's better known as GCHQ rather than Government Communication Headquarters.
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http://web.archive.org/web/20000301124949/http://www.gchq.gov.uk:80/careers/current.html
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https://web.archive.org/web/20060509054114/http://www.gchq.gov.uk/recruitment/union.html
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The Guardian articles about GCHQ spying, referring to documents leaked by Edward Snowden
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I found the old pre-Doughnut address: "GCHQ, Priors Road, Cheltenham, Glos., GL52 5AJ"
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https://web.archive.org/web/20150206211011/http://www.ipt-uk.com/section.aspx?pageid=8
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Other than its head and a shared location for a time, GC&CS was separate to SIS: "
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overturn decisions, jsut ask govt. to change the decisions so it complies with law)
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Just found this reference, too in Michael Smith, Station X, Channel 4 Books, 1998,
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The patchwork of codes emerging to cover gaps in the law (and therefore HR abuses)
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and mass surveillance-related topics. If you would like to participate, visit the
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The ISC’s admissions in their recent report of various missed oversight questions
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That's what I thought, too. I agree that "sacked" is fine in a UK topic article.
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There should be a link to the list of directors. I don't know how to do it.
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Also there was operation FULSOME to wiretap Trump and his tower (?). Source
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Guardian newspaper: UK security agency has spy program; shares data with NSA
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Can you elaborate what section of Undue weight you specifically refer to?
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If you would like me to provide more information on the talk page, contact
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MacAskill, Ewen, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies and James Ball. "
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MacAskill, Ewen, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies and James Ball. "
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MacAskill, Ewen, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies and James Ball. "
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MacAskill, Ewen, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies and James Ball. "
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If you think GCHQ spying revelations don't matter, it's time to think again
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Participation in Steele dossier about Donald J Trump and operation FULSOME
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This organisation is overwhelmingly known as GCHQ in the United Kingdom.
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for more information or google search to find more cultural references.
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GCHQ taps fibre-optic cables for secret access to world's communications
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2) The rationale of the judgement seems at best of marginal relevance.
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Does that article mention this subject? What is its relevance here? --
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https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/04/02/gchq-argentina-falklands/
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The cases from Liberty, PI and others that are prompting these changes
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Snowden says Britain’s spy agency secretly tapping fibre-optic cables
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Mastering the internet: how GCHQ set out to spy on the world wide web
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Much of the above belongs in or is already covered in the articles
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Leaked memos reveal GCHQ efforts to keep mass surveillance secret
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MI5 feared GCHQ went 'too far' over phone and internet monitoring
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Council of Civil Service Unions v Minister for the Civil Service
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Knowledge level-5 vital articles in Society and social sciences
1547:). Starting with the list of key agencies shown at the global 3719: 3698:. 'Full formal name' is somewhere in the naming conventions.. 1870:." (print title: "GCHQ forced to play catch-up - and it won") 1839: 1826: 1172: 1092: 993: 243: 184: 15: 2796:- any comment ideas or suggestions are welcome - Thank you! 3830:
Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this
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Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (United Kingdom)
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Menzies redesignated himself Director-General and promoted
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On 30th April 2018, GCHQ changed their logo, as seen here
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for additional information. I made the following changes:
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for additional information. I made the following changes:
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This topic has has already been started and spun out from
2755: 2735: 2710: 2688: 2103: 2086: 2077:, I presume he has a vellum bound copy of the black list. 2064: 2050: 2012:
Below is a list of links that were found on the main page:
1985: 1944: 1913: 1855: 1711: 1696: 1676: 1655: 1634: 1606: 1567: 1528: 1513: 1482: 1458: 1415: 1387: 1367: 1304:
John Johnson, "The Evolution of British Sigint 1653-1939"
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EU judgments saying the IPT offers no human rights remedy
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article states, but doesn't cite specific sources for).
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Knowledge vital articles in Society and social sciences
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CNN Staff (Bharati Naik contributed to this article). "
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The legal loopholes that allow GCHQ to spy on the world
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Mid-importance Politics of the United Kingdom articles
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UK spy agency played catch-up to 'master the internet'
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B-Class vital articles in Society and social sciences
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The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a
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about GCHQ spying, referring to documents leaked by
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This article has been checked against the following
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Knowledge:WikiProject Politics of the United Kingdom
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Mid-importance WikiProject Gloucestershire articles
3450:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors 3259:using the archive tool instructions below. Editors 1095:are almost certainly more successful and advanced. 682: 596: 460:
Template:WikiProject Politics of the United Kingdom
3838:. No further edits should be made to this section. 3541:https://www.gchq.gov.uk/news-article/new-gchq-logo 2017:http://www.designbuild-network.com/projects/gchq/ 1451:http://www.fas.org/irp/program/process/echelon.htm 1439:The cryptome website has some useful information. 3577:Not sure where/how this will be useful, but from 3085:Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament 2972:Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament 2928:Some things I think are missing and need adding 1519:I agree it looked very dated: I have updated it 1447:And this page has some links to US news papers. 1344:edited by Ralph Erskine and Michael Smith, 2001) 845:, which aims to improve Knowledge's coverage of 33:for general discussion of the article's subject. 4090:B-Class Politics of the United Kingdom articles 2824:Global surveillance by category#GCHQ operations 2772:Global surveillance by category#GCHQ operations 2070:I fixed the link in early April. It had 404'd. 3436:This message was posted before February 2018. 3245:This message was posted before February 2018. 1535:Overview of British intelligence - new article 1246:GCHQ and Siginit in the Early Cold War 1945-70 4130:European military history task force articles 3237:http://www.gchq.gov.uk/recruitment/union.html 2654: 174: 8: 4175:B-Class WikiProject Gloucestershire articles 4120:British military history task force articles 1350:operationally, between the two organisations 4025:Knowledge articles that use British English 3937:2010s thematic decade heading - consistency 3855:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QbsgIu6A-_o 3428:http://www.ipt-uk.com/section.aspx?pageid=8 3408:http://www.ipt-uk.com/section.aspx?pageid=1 3033:Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board 2055:And were do you find the 'Black List' ? -- 1769:How does GCHQ's internet surveillance work? 4125:B-Class European military history articles 3603:The following is a closed discussion of a 3215:I have just modified one external link on 2661: 2647: 2115: 2036:and ask him to program me with more info. 1286:ISTR in reading Stewart Menzies biography 1061: 900: 804: 679: 593: 494: 440:WikiProject Politics of the United Kingdom 405: 286: 202:, which has its own spelling conventions ( 4170:Top-importance Mass surveillance articles 4115:B-Class British military history articles 4009:- only here to build an encyclopedia etc. 3386:I have just modified 3 external links on 1276:http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/106622 1255:, London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1986. 4075:Low-importance Computer science articles 3352:I am not going to edit this article per 2932:criticisms of ISC’s lack of independence 2820:significant coverage in reliable sources 1991:Blacklisted Links Found on the Main Page 549:This article is within the scope of the 3862:2A00:1370:812C:9562:44EC:F59C:B1B6:5EFD 3081:Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom 2968:Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom 2567: 2526: 2500: 2414: 2358: 2287: 2176: 2145: 2127: 902: 863:Knowledge:WikiProject Mass surveillance 806: 496: 463:Politics of the United Kingdom articles 407: 288: 247: 3715: 3654:Government Communications Headquarters 3388:Government Communications Headquarters 3217:Government Communications Headquarters 1927:which is based on the NSAs equivalent 1253:GCHQ: the Secret Wireless War, 1900-86 866:Template:WikiProject Mass surveillance 569:Knowledge:WikiProject Military history 559:. To use this banner, please see the 4080:WikiProject Computer science articles 2039:From your friendly hard working bot.— 1961:being taken by organizations such as 1541:United Kingdom intelligence community 1374:which as I recall is mid to late 80s. 1055:Senior Staff, Bletchley vs. GC&CS 952:Knowledge:WikiProject Gloucestershire 572:Template:WikiProject Military history 234:, this should not be changed without 7: 4065:Low-importance Cryptography articles 3622:The result of the move request was: 1392:I've just found this very pertinent 958:WikiProject Gloucestershire articles 955:Template:WikiProject Gloucestershire 932:This article is within the scope of 741:European military history task force 437:This article is within the scope of 324:This article is within the scope of 2560:Surveillance issues in smart cities 1950:Invitation to help craft a proposal 1138:It was in a BBC News article, IIRC. 725:British military history task force 277:It is of interest to the following 23:for discussing improvements to the 4165:B-Class Mass surveillance articles 2280:Jindalee Operational Radar Network 1443:http://cryptome.org/echelon-ep.htm 344:Knowledge:WikiProject Cryptography 14: 4185:WikiProject Gloucestershire pages 4100:B-Class military history articles 4085:WikiProject Cryptography articles 4070:B-Class Computer science articles 3681:. We should use its proper name. 3390:. Please take a moment to review 3219:. Please take a moment to review 2792:can you have a look at the draft 1682:References to books are incorrect 347:Template:WikiProject Cryptography 4190:Knowledge pages with to-do lists 4150:World War II task force articles 4110:Intelligence task force articles 4035:Knowledge level-5 vital articles 3718:This is why we have articles at 3596:Requested move 16 September 2019 3518:In Manchester but only in 2019. 2137: 1001: 925: 904: 829: 808: 656: 645: 634: 623: 612: 542: 498: 430: 409: 317: 290: 257: 248: 188: 45:Click here to start a new topic. 4140:World War I task force articles 3918:Rather a sad story actually... 2830:(and sometimes useful to check 2768:Global surveillance#By category 1322:) 20:50, 3 December 2006 (UTC) 972:This article has been rated as 883:This article has been rated as 477:This article has been rated as 364:This article has been rated as 4045:B-Class level-5 vital articles 3814:13:31, 24 September 2019 (UTC) 3797:06:21, 18 September 2019 (UTC) 3780:19:11, 17 September 2019 (UTC) 3759:12:01, 17 September 2019 (UTC) 3740:19:07, 17 September 2019 (UTC) 3706:06:39, 17 September 2019 (UTC) 3691:22:28, 16 September 2019 (UTC) 3673:21:15, 16 September 2019 (UTC) 3647:12:44, 26 September 2019 (UTC) 3138:The Intercept story refers to 3079:I made edits to this article, 1971:Electronic Frontier Foundation 1677:17:31, 19 September 2012 (UTC) 454:Politics of the United Kingdom 445:Politics of the United Kingdom 417:Politics of the United Kingdom 1: 4145:B-Class World War II articles 4105:B-Class intelligence articles 4060:B-Class Cryptography articles 4007:21:06, 17 November 2023 (UTC) 3993:21:02, 17 November 2023 (UTC) 3978:20:52, 17 November 2023 (UTC) 3953:03:18, 17 November 2023 (UTC) 3932:03:18, 16 November 2023 (UTC) 3591:16:50, 27 December 2018 (UTC) 3362:Investigatory Powers Act 2016 3113:Spreading Falkland propaganda 3089:Investigatory Powers Tribunal 3024:Justice and Security Act 2013 2976:Investigatory Powers Tribunal 2916:10:58, 20 February 2015 (UTC) 2889:10:53, 20 February 2015 (UTC) 2856:05:31, 20 February 2015 (UTC) 2806:09:05, 19 February 2015 (UTC) 2784:20:21, 16 February 2015 (UTC) 2756:20:00, 16 February 2015 (UTC) 2736:19:29, 16 February 2015 (UTC) 2711:16:52, 16 February 2015 (UTC) 2491:Investigatory Powers Act 2016 1998:request page for whitelisting 1656:09:13, 28 February 2010 (UTC) 1586:article on judicial review? 1549:List of intelligence agencies 1266:11:24, 27 November 2006 (UTC) 1203:15:27, 22 February 2006 (UTC) 1184:15:21, 22 February 2006 (UTC) 1166:23:03, 16 November 2005 (UTC) 1152:Name change: GC&CS -: --> 1103:16:59, 16 November 2005 (UTC) 946:and see a list of open tasks. 842:WikiProject Mass surveillance 451:and see a list of open tasks. 386:This article is supported by 338:and see a list of open tasks. 42:Put new text under old text. 4160:Cold War task force articles 4135:B-Class World War I articles 3903:05:54, 20 January 2022 (UTC) 3889:19:32, 19 January 2022 (UTC) 3573:Old GCHQ head office address 3504:18:05, 21 October 2017 (UTC) 3031:, which the US already has: 2689:13:32, 12 October 2014 (UTC) 2023:\bdesignbuild-network\.com\b 1986:12:30, 18 January 2014 (UTC) 1861:SCMP articles on GCHQ spying 1722:Here are some articles from 1568:07:03, 3 November 2008 (UTC) 1554:To discuss, please use this 1459:20:08, 18 January 2007 (UTC) 1416:17:41, 8 December 2006 (UTC) 1388:16:06, 8 December 2006 (UTC) 1368:20:55, 3 December 2006 (UTC) 1295:16:44, 3 December 2006 (UTC) 552:Military history WikiProject 389:WikiProject Computer science 3374:12:27, 12 August 2017 (UTC) 3347:09:07, 12 August 2017 (UTC) 3332:07:12, 12 August 2017 (UTC) 3203:21:05, 5 October 2015 (UTC) 3177:20:24, 5 October 2015 (UTC) 2924:Suggestions for new content 1607:23:57, 6 January 2009 (UTC) 935:WikiProject Gloucestershire 50:New to Knowledge? Welcome! 4206: 3710:The relevant guideline is 3530:08:26, 11 April 2018 (UTC) 3467:(last update: 5 June 2024) 3383:Hello fellow Wikipedians, 3313:15:23, 23 March 2017 (UTC) 3276:(last update: 5 June 2024) 3212:Hello fellow Wikipedians, 3123:(and surveillance of it). 3101:06:29, 16 March 2015 (UTC) 3075:15:18, 15 March 2015 (UTC) 3058:15:22, 15 March 2015 (UTC) 3045:15:06, 15 March 2015 (UTC) 3018:14:28, 15 March 2015 (UTC) 3001:14:27, 15 March 2015 (UTC) 2988:21:36, 14 March 2015 (UTC) 2958:14:12, 14 March 2015 (UTC) 2672: 2093:blacklisted links template 1955:Surveillance awareness day 1945:20:30, 6 August 2013 (UTC) 1925:GCHQ surveillance template 1919:GCHQ surveillance template 1901:. Saturday, 22 June, 2013. 1483:23:27, 13 March 2008 (UTC) 1327:Regarding the first part: 1171:I found a document in the 1076:20:57, 18 April 2016 (UTC) 978:project's importance scale 889:project's importance scale 869:Mass surveillance articles 617:Referencing and citation: 483:project's importance scale 4155:B-Class Cold War articles 3167:This should be included. 3152:15:39, 6 April 2015 (UTC) 3133:06:56, 5 April 2015 (UTC) 3091:to address these points. 2846:). Hope this is helpful. 2476:National Intelligence Law 2461:Data Protection Directive 2051:13:43, 3 April 2014 (UTC) 1914:17:09, 22 June 2013 (UTC) 1856:18:34, 21 June 2013 (UTC) 1635:17:22, 15 June 2009 (UTC) 1573:GCHQ and the constitution 1529:14:26, 12 June 2010 (UTC) 1514:13:18, 15 June 2008 (UTC) 1467:-- The Anonymous Pedant 1134:23:07, 29 Sep 2004 (UTC) 971: 920: 882: 824: 787: 771: 755: 739: 723: 707: 678: 575:military history articles 537: 476: 425: 385: 363: 312: 285: 80:Be welcoming to newcomers 3828:Please do not modify it. 3610:Please do not modify it. 2635:Nothing to hide argument 2456:Data Retention Directive 1923:I've just started a new 1898:South China Morning Post 1879:South China Morning Post 1822:. Saturday 22 June 2013. 1751:. Saturday 22 June 2013. 1712:20:28, 13 May 2013 (UTC) 1697:18:27, 13 May 2013 (UTC) 1239:Potential sources to use 1233:17:02, 11 May 2006 (UTC) 1220:15:00, 11 May 2006 (UTC) 327:WikiProject Cryptography 3870:12:38, 5 May 2020 (UTC) 3567:16:02, 6 May 2018 (UTC) 3552:12:21, 6 May 2018 (UTC) 3379:External links modified 3208:External links modified 2104:22:25, 9 May 2014 (UTC) 2087:22:16, 9 May 2014 (UTC) 2065:22:02, 9 May 2014 (UTC) 1147:15:25, 5 Dec 2004 (UTC) 1113:09:41, 5 May 2006 (UTC) 853:, or contribute to the 839:is within the scope of 773:World War II task force 709:Intelligence task force 683:Associated task forces: 628:Coverage and accuracy: 4030:B-Class vital articles 3509:Possible new GCHQ site 3356:, however you can see 2938:Lack of appeals at IPT 2719:Mastering the Internet 2275:Mastering the Internet 2025:on the local blacklist 2002:blacklist request page 1882:. Sunday 23 June 2013. 1803:. Friday 21 June 2013. 1790:. Friday 21 June 2013. 1777:. Friday 21 June 2013. 784: 768: 757:World War I task force 752: 736: 720: 704: 661:Supporting materials: 589: 382: 75:avoid personal attacks 2828:neutral point of view 2512:FISA Improvements Act 1929:surveillance template 1394:official SIS web page 1310:comment was added by 783: 767: 751: 735: 719: 703: 588: 381: 350:Cryptography articles 264:level-5 vital article 100:Neutral point of view 3448:regular verification 3257:regular verification 2545:Secure communication 2387:Southern Cross Cable 2006:request page on meta 1892:Agence France-Presse 1489:Organisation section 1244:Richard J. Aldrich, 232:relevant style guide 228:varieties of English 105:No original research 3438:After February 2018 3247:After February 2018 2694:Operation Socialist 2675:Global surveillance 2581:Intelligence agency 2397:Bad Aibling Station 2245:Boundless Informant 2130:Global surveillance 2112:Global surveillance 1082:Most successful etc 791:(c. 1945 – c. 1989) 789:Cold War task force 650:Grammar and style: 603:for B-class status: 230:. According to the 3492:InternetArchiveBot 3443:InternetArchiveBot 3358:The Whistle Blower 3301:InternetArchiveBot 3252:InternetArchiveBot 2699:user:Gareth_E_Kegg 2555:Call detail record 2075:User:Cyberpower678 2034:User:Cyberpower678 1829:also posted this: 1041:Updated 2019-09-26 785: 769: 753: 737: 721: 705: 590: 557:list of open tasks 383: 273:content assessment 86:dispute resolution 47: 3875:Directors of GCHQ 3637: 3634:non-admin closure 3468: 3277: 2671: 2670: 2535:Mass surveillance 2481:Cybersecurity Law 1735:Naughton, John. " 1662:GCCS or GC&CS 1646:comment added by 1625:comment added by 1610: 1593:comment added by 1539:I have created a 1485: 1473:comment added by 1413: 1365: 1323: 1282:GC&CS and SIS 1263: 1230: 1200: 1181: 1162: 1100: 1078: 1066:comment added by 1052: 1051: 992: 991: 988: 987: 984: 983: 899: 898: 895: 894: 860:Mass surveillance 847:mass surveillance 816:Mass surveillance 803: 802: 799: 798: 795: 794: 674: 673: 561:full instructions 493: 492: 489: 488: 404: 403: 400: 399: 242: 241: 183: 182: 66:Assume good faith 43: 4197: 3972: 3899: 3747:Strongly support 3631: 3612: 3502: 3493: 3466: 3465: 3444: 3366:A Guy into Books 3324:A Guy into Books 3311: 3302: 3275: 3274: 3253: 3188:and another one 2905: 2870: 2817: 2663: 2656: 2649: 2630:Stop Watching Us 2501:Proposed changes 2392:Utah Data Center 2141: 2116: 2043: 2024: 1843:. June 21, 2013. 1658: 1637: 1609: 1587: 1468: 1411: 1363: 1305: 1261: 1228: 1198: 1179: 1160: 1098: 1042: 1005: 1004: 994: 960: 959: 956: 953: 950: 929: 922: 921: 916: 908: 901: 871: 870: 867: 864: 861: 833: 826: 825: 820: 812: 805: 690: 680: 664: 660: 659: 653: 649: 648: 642: 638: 637: 631: 627: 626: 620: 616: 615: 594: 577: 576: 573: 570: 567: 566:Military history 546: 539: 538: 533: 506:Military history 502: 495: 465: 464: 461: 458: 455: 434: 427: 426: 421: 413: 406: 370:importance scale 352: 351: 348: 345: 342: 321: 314: 313: 308: 305: 303:Computer science 294: 287: 270: 261: 260: 253: 252: 244: 195:This article is 192: 185: 179: 178: 164: 95:Article policies 16: 4205: 4204: 4200: 4199: 4198: 4196: 4195: 4194: 4015: 4014: 3970: 3939: 3911: 3897: 3877: 3847: 3842: 3608: 3598: 3575: 3537: 3511: 3496: 3491: 3459: 3452:have permission 3442: 3396:this simple FaQ 3381: 3320: 3305: 3300: 3268: 3261:have permission 3251: 3225:this simple FaQ 3210: 3186: 3160: 3115: 2926: 2899: 2864: 2814:ChristophThomas 2811: 2696: 2677: 2667: 2540:Culture of fear 2517:Other proposals 2446:FISA amendments 2441:USA Freedom Act 2426:UKUSA Agreement 2114: 2091:Please see the 2049: 2041: 2022: 1993: 1959:similar actions 1952: 1921: 1863: 1806:Davies, Nick. " 1720: 1684: 1664: 1641: 1620: 1588: 1575: 1537: 1491: 1426: 1358:Stewart Menzies 1342:Action this Day 1312:Myopic Bookworm 1306:—The preceding 1284: 1241: 1217:Myopic Bookworm 1213: 1155: 1121: 1091:Quite, and the 1084: 1057: 1048: 1047: 1016: 1002: 957: 954: 951: 949:Gloucestershire 948: 947: 940:Gloucestershire 914: 912:Gloucestershire 868: 865: 862: 859: 858: 818: 688: 662: 657: 651: 646: 640: 635: 629: 624: 618: 613: 574: 571: 568: 565: 564: 508: 462: 459: 456: 453: 452: 419: 349: 346: 343: 340: 339: 306: 300: 271:on Knowledge's 268: 258: 236:broad consensus 199:British English 121: 116: 115: 114: 91: 61: 12: 11: 5: 4203: 4201: 4193: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4017: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4011: 4010: 3999:BeingObjective 3995: 3985:BeingObjective 3945:BeingObjective 3938: 3935: 3924:BeingObjective 3921: 3917: 3910: 3907: 3906: 3905: 3876: 3873: 3846: 3843: 3841: 3840: 3824:requested move 3818: 3817: 3816: 3799: 3782: 3761: 3744: 3743: 3742: 3693: 3652: 3650: 3620: 3619: 3605:requested move 3599: 3597: 3594: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3569: 3536: 3533: 3510: 3507: 3486: 3485: 3478: 3431: 3430: 3422:Added archive 3420: 3412:Added archive 3410: 3402:Added archive 3380: 3377: 3350: 3349: 3319: 3316: 3295: 3294: 3287: 3240: 3239: 3231:Added archive 3209: 3206: 3185: 3180: 3159: 3156: 3155: 3154: 3114: 3111: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3107: 3106: 3105: 3104: 3103: 3064: 3063: 3062: 3061: 3060: 3003: 2961: 2960: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2925: 2922: 2921: 2920: 2919: 2918: 2894: 2893: 2892: 2891: 2859: 2858: 2844:WP:EXCEPTIONAL 2787: 2786: 2763: 2762: 2761: 2760: 2759: 2758: 2739: 2738: 2695: 2692: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2665: 2658: 2651: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2638: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2621: 2620: 2615: 2605: 2604: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2583: 2578: 2570: 2569: 2568:Related topics 2565: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2557: 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501: 497: 484: 480: 474: 471: 470: 467: 450: 446: 442: 441: 436: 433: 429: 428: 424: 418: 415: 412: 408: 395: 392:(assessed as 391: 390: 380: 376: 375: 371: 367: 361: 358: 357: 354: 337: 333: 329: 328: 323: 320: 316: 315: 311: 304: 299: 296: 293: 289: 284: 280: 274: 266: 265: 255: 251: 246: 245: 237: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 200: 194: 191: 187: 186: 177: 173: 170: 167: 163: 159: 155: 152: 149: 146: 143: 140: 137: 134: 131: 127: 124: 123:Find sources: 120: 119: 111: 110:Verifiability 108: 106: 103: 101: 98: 97: 96: 87: 83: 81: 78: 76: 72: 69: 67: 64: 63: 57: 53: 52:Learn to edit 49: 46: 41: 40: 37: 36: 32: 26: 22: 18: 17: 3968: 3967: 3940: 3920: 3916: 3912: 3895: 3878: 3848: 3827: 3821: 3801: 3784: 3763: 3746: 3695: 3678: 3651: 3623: 3621: 3609: 3602: 3576: 3538: 3522:Sammartinlai 3520: 3517: 3512: 3490: 3487: 3462:source check 3441: 3435: 3432: 3385: 3382: 3351: 3321: 3318:Improvements 3299: 3296: 3271:source check 3250: 3244: 3241: 3214: 3211: 3190: 3187: 3166: 3161: 3121: 3116: 2927: 2873:De Standaard 2840:WP:SYNTHESIS 2790:user:Whizz40 2788: 2697: 2678: 2608:Human rights 2586:Cryptography 2377:Menwith Hill 2367:The Doughnut 2164:2013–present 2128: 2057:Narnia.Gate7 2054: 2038: 2031: 2020: 2011: 2010: 1994: 1978:HectorMoffet 1975: 1953: 1922: 1904: 1896: 1890: 1877: 1873:The Guardian 1871: 1846: 1838: 1825: 1819:The Guardian 1817: 1813:The Observer 1811: 1800:The Guardian 1798: 1787:The Guardian 1785: 1774:The Guardian 1772: 1761:The Guardian 1759: 1748:The Guardian 1746: 1742:The Observer 1740: 1725:The Guardian 1723: 1721: 1685: 1665: 1648:92.233.60.26 1639: 1617: 1612: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1553: 1538: 1503: 1499:it's sourced 1498: 1496: 1492: 1466: 1462: 1454: 1449: 1446: 1441: 1438: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1400: 1355: 1348: 1341: 1332: 1326: 1301: 1287: 1285: 1269: 1258: 1252: 1251:Nigel West, 1245: 1214: 1156: 1129: 1124: 1085: 1068:95.143.60.50 1062:— Preceding 1058: 1045: 1038: 1032: 1026: 1020: 1006: 1000: 973: 933: 884: 851:project page 840: 836: 598: 550: 527:World War II 511:Intelligence 478: 438: 387: 365: 341:Cryptography 332:Cryptography 325: 298:Cryptography 279:WikiProjects 262: 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 203: 196: 171: 165: 157: 150: 144: 138: 132: 122: 94: 19:This is the 3909:PKI Clarity 3881:Snugglepuss 3836:move review 3714:which says 3615:move review 3583:WhisperToMe 3544:Sheikhalali 3354:WP:CONFLICT 3069:Jim Killock 3052:Jim Killock 3012:Jim Killock 3007:legislation 2995:Jim Killock 2952:Jim Killock 2908:ChristopheT 2881:ChristopheT 2877:Der Spiegel 2798:ChristopheT 2748:ChristopheT 2703:ChristopheT 2215:Stone Ghost 2146:Disclosures 2042:cyberbot II 1906:WhisperToMe 1848:WhisperToMe 1642:—Preceding 1621:—Preceding 1589:—Preceding 1469:—Preceding 1274:Jock Kane, 1165:_GCHQ": --> 639:Structure: 523:World War I 197:written in 148:free images 31:not a forum 4019:Categories 3700:Buckshot06 3639:Cwmhiraeth 3499:Report bug 3308:Report bug 2673:See also: 2625:Satellites 2422:Five Eyes 2372:Fort Meade 2225:Frenchelon 2073:. Contact 1969:, and the 1704:Steamruler 1689:Steamruler 1667:article.-- 1193:0330419293 1008:To-do list 855:discussion 3832:talk page 3789:Jezzerdo4 3768:WP:NCACRO 3712:WP:NCACRO 3683:Dormskirk 3628:WP:NCACRO 3559:Dormskirk 3557:changed. 3482:this tool 3475:this tool 3339:Dormskirk 3291:this tool 3284:this tool 3010:nominees. 2836:WP:FRINGE 2576:Espionage 2407:GCHQ Bude 2331:Five Eyes 2270:RAMPART-A 2205:Carnivore 2185:XKeyscore 2169:Reactions 1933:Talk page 1556:Talk page 1521:Dormskirk 267:is rated 208:travelled 88:if needed 71:Be polite 21:talk page 3834:or in a 3488:Cheers.— 3297:Cheers.— 2832:WP:UNDUE 2527:Concepts 2382:Pine Gap 2301:R&AW 2288:Agencies 2260:Stingray 2230:Fairview 2210:Dishfire 2200:Sentient 2159:Pre-2013 2121:a series 2119:Part of 1935:for it. 1669:TedColes 1644:unsigned 1623:unsigned 1603:contribs 1591:unsigned 1471:unsigned 1456:DanBeale 1320:contribs 1308:unsigned 1142:James F. 1119:Nickname 1064:unsigned 600:criteria 531:Cold War 519:European 220:artefact 56:get help 29:This is 27:article. 3971:PING me 3960:Valjean 3806:Andrewa 3785:Support 3772:Colin M 3764:Support 3751:Ipigott 3732:Colin M 3730:, etc. 3665:ElshadK 3392:my edit 3221:my edit 3093:Whizz40 3037:Whizz40 2980:Whizz40 2867:Whizz40 2848:Whizz40 2776:Whizz40 2681:Whizz40 2618:Liberty 2613:Privacy 2255:Pinwale 2250:Bullrun 2220:Tempora 2195:ECHELON 2177:Systems 2154:Origins 1963:Mozilla 1937:Aluxosm 1895:at the 1876:at the 1595:Jezzabr 1424:ECHELON 1410:— Matt 1362:— Matt 1260:— Matt 1227:— Matt 1197:— Matt 1178:— Matt 1159:— Matt 1097:— Matt 1036:refresh 1024:history 976:on the 887:on the 515:British 481:on the 368:on the 269:B-class 224:analyse 216:defence 154:WP refs 142:scholar 3802:Oppose 3724:UNESCO 3703:(talk) 3696:Oppose 3679:Oppose 3624:Moved. 3195:Ich901 3169:Ich901 3125:Magedq 3072:(talk) 3055:(talk) 3015:(talk) 2998:(talk) 2955:(talk) 2770:, see 2550:SIGINT 2472:China 2431:Lustre 2359:Places 2351:Mossad 2235:MYSTIC 2048:Online 1967:Reddit 1412:Crypto 1364:Crypto 1335:Travis 1262:Crypto 1229:Crypto 1199:Crypto 1180:Crypto 1161:Crypto 1145:(talk) 1132:— Matt 1099:Crypto 275:scale. 212:centre 204:colour 126:Google 3728:NAACP 3140:JTRIG 2723:JTRIG 2508:U.S. 2437:U.S. 2190:PRISM 1211:?npov 1110:Markb 1030:watch 256:This 169:JSTOR 130:books 84:Seek 4003:talk 3989:talk 3964:talk 3949:talk 3928:talk 3898:wolf 3885:talk 3866:talk 3810:talk 3793:talk 3776:talk 3766:per 3755:talk 3736:talk 3687:talk 3669:talk 3658:GCHQ 3643:talk 3587:talk 3563:talk 3548:talk 3526:talk 3370:talk 3360:and 3343:talk 3328:talk 3199:talk 3173:talk 3148:talk 3129:talk 3097:talk 3087:and 3041:talk 2984:talk 2974:and 2912:talk 2885:talk 2852:talk 2842:and 2802:talk 2794:here 2780:talk 2752:talk 2732:talk 2721:and 2707:talk 2685:talk 2596:VPNs 2466:GDPR 2415:Laws 2346:GCHQ 2326:DGSE 2265:SORM 2240:DCSN 2100:talk 2083:talk 2061:talk 1982:talk 1941:talk 1910:talk 1852:talk 1784:." 1708:talk 1693:talk 1673:talk 1652:talk 1631:talk 1599:talk 1564:talk 1545:here 1525:talk 1510:talk 1479:talk 1338:MI6. 1316:talk 1190:ISBN 1153:GCHQ 1108:not. 1072:talk 1018:edit 1012:GCHQ 1010:for 837:GCHQ 162:FENS 136:news 73:and 25:GCHQ 3966:) ( 3922:Dr. 3720:NBC 3456:RfC 3426:to 3416:to 3406:to 3265:RfC 3235:to 2601:TLS 2591:Tor 2487:UK 2452:EU 2341:MSS 2336:FSB 2321:ASD 2316:CNI 2311:BND 2306:CSE 2296:NSA 1973:. 1889:." 1840:CNN 1837:." 1827:CNN 1816:at 1810:." 1797:." 1771:." 1758:." 1745:at 1739:." 1558:. 1506:ALR 1385:ALR 1292:ALR 1173:PRO 1093:NSA 968:Mid 879:Top 473:Mid 360:Low 176:TWL 4021:: 4005:) 3991:) 3976:) 3951:) 3930:) 3887:) 3868:) 3826:. 3812:) 3795:) 3778:) 3757:) 3738:) 3726:, 3722:, 3689:) 3671:) 3656:→ 3645:) 3607:. 3589:) 3565:) 3550:) 3528:) 3469:. 3464:}} 3460:{{ 3372:) 3345:) 3330:) 3278:. 3273:}} 3269:{{ 3201:) 3175:) 3150:) 3131:) 3099:) 3083:, 3043:) 3035:. 2986:) 2970:, 2914:) 2887:) 2854:) 2838:, 2834:, 2804:) 2782:) 2754:) 2734:) 2709:) 2687:) 2123:on 2102:) 2085:) 2063:) 1984:) 1965:, 1943:) 1912:) 1854:) 1710:) 1695:) 1675:) 1654:) 1633:) 1605:) 1601:• 1566:) 1527:) 1512:) 1501:. 1481:) 1318:• 1074:) 689:/ 529:/ 525:/ 521:/ 517:/ 513:/ 509:: 396:). 301:: 222:, 218:, 214:, 210:, 206:, 156:) 54:; 4001:( 3987:( 3962:( 3947:( 3926:( 3883:( 3864:( 3808:( 3791:( 3774:( 3753:( 3734:( 3685:( 3667:( 3662:1 3641:( 3636:) 3632:( 3585:( 3561:( 3546:( 3524:( 3501:) 3497:( 3484:. 3477:. 3368:( 3341:( 3326:( 3310:) 3306:( 3293:. 3286:. 3197:( 3171:( 3146:( 3127:( 3095:( 3039:( 2982:( 2910:( 2904:: 2900:@ 2883:( 2869:: 2865:@ 2850:( 2816:: 2812:@ 2800:( 2778:( 2750:( 2730:( 2705:( 2683:( 2662:e 2655:t 2648:v 2098:( 2081:( 2059:( 1980:( 1939:( 1908:( 1885:" 1866:" 1850:( 1706:( 1691:( 1671:( 1650:( 1629:( 1597:( 1562:( 1523:( 1508:( 1477:( 1404:" 1399:" 1331:" 1314:( 1288:C 1070:( 1039:· 1033:· 1027:· 1021:· 1014:: 980:. 891:. 857:. 563:. 485:. 372:. 281:: 238:. 172:· 166:· 158:· 151:· 145:· 139:· 133:· 128:( 58:.

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