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Talk:Second partial derivative test

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84: 166:, it is possible to simply evaluate the 'leading principal minors' of the matrix (ie, the determinants of the upper-left square submatrices of sizes 1, 2, 3,..., n). If they are all positive, the Hessian is positive definite and we have a minimum. If the first one is negative and they alternate sign, then the Hessian is negative definite and we have a maximum. This method is much simpler than calculating the eigenvalues, as it does not require us to actually solve any non-linear polynomial equation. 74: 53: 22: 181:
method converges to a local minimum or maximum often the Hessian matrix is shifted sufficiently to pass the Second partial derivative test as desired; unfortunately, there is nothing mentioned in this article about how to do that, its not as simple as H = H + k*diagonalMatrix (or identity matrix), is it? Regardless, there should be some discussion on this.
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Its never mentioned in the article that this can be used as a critical step in Newton's Method (amongst other numerical methods of unconstrained optimization). Further, its an important issue that Newton's method not converge to a saddle point when this is not desired. In order to ensure that the
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I think "overdoing it" was meant more for people analyzing simple surfaces (planes, paraboloids, the like), in which case it would be ridiculous to bother using the second derivative test. Nonetheless, it's not all that helpful and I don't find it contributes to the article; it's strictly about the
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Well, I have resolved this, but perhaps in a way you will not appreciate: I removed the section. Someone with access to a couple decent multivariable calc books might be able to find a version of this with some sourcing, but what was written there struck me as mostly handwaving.
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In the section "Geometric interpretation in the two-variable case" a figure is desperately needed for the case where D<0 and both fxx and fyy have the same sign. This is the most interesting case and the most difficult to understand. A figure would really help here.
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It's also POV; for many applications -- say, writing code, a numerical computation of the Hessian is more feasible than writing an algorithm to qualitatively analyze the level curves. Saying that one method is "overdoing it" compared to another is a bias. --Heath
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Yes it has one. The determinant of the hessian at a particular point is the same as the Gaussian curvature of the graph at that point. If it is positively curved (locally spherical), there are two cases to consider concave up or concave down (fxx:
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I’d wonder what geometric interpretation the determinant has in this case. Does it even have one? Suppose we have a function in which M : -->
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It says in the article that in higher dimensions you need to look at the eigenvalues. However, as is clearly explained in the article on
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discusses the same thing as this article and even does it better. This page and that section should be somehow merged, I think. -
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Yes, it had previously been M for half the article and D for half, and when I standardized it seems I missed a couple of Ms.
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In the geometric intuition example, what does it mean when it says "between the x and y axis"? How can you be between axes?
33: 654: 599:{\displaystyle {\frac {\partial z}{\partial y}}=x\left(3(-2x)^{2}+2(-2x)(x+1)+x\right)=x^{2}(8x-3)\neq 4x^{2}(2x-1)} 192: 163: 318: 171: 917: 901: 875: 231: 214: 840: 338: 296: 791: 776: 282: 612: 250: 39: 706: 355: 83: 836: 832: 772: 342: 310: 206: 184: 21: 105:
on Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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0 alone? Perhaps this should be further explained in the article!?. Sorry for the bad English! --
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Please explain what M stands for in the geometric interpretation explantion of a 2-D hessian.
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Added a quick interpretation of it. Please help improve if it needs more clarification!
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0 or fxx<0). If it is negative, there is only such surface, a saddle.
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If I'm not mistaken M=D, so this is probably just a typo.--
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Meaning of M in explanation of geometric interpretation
709: 657: 615: 427: 358: 101:, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of 761: 692: 643: 598: 410: 693:{\displaystyle ({\frac {3}{8}},-{\frac {3}{4}})} 158:Method to shift the Hessian in higher dimensions 769:would really aid understanding of the example. 263:The geometric Interpretation of the determinant 245:SDT and not surface analysis. Section removed. 352:The example of finding the critical points of 8: 47: 750: 708: 677: 661: 656: 619: 614: 572: 538: 478: 428: 426: 399: 357: 49: 19: 807:Hessian_matrix#Second_derivative_test 7: 95:This article is within the scope of 644:{\displaystyle ({\frac {1}{2}},-1)} 38:It is of interest to the following 762:{\displaystyle z=(x+y)(xy+xy^{2})} 439: 431: 411:{\displaystyle z=(x+y)(xy+xy^{2})} 14: 942:Mid-priority mathematics articles 115:Knowledge:WikiProject Mathematics 118:Template:WikiProject Mathematics 82: 72: 51: 20: 651:is not a critical point, while 135:This article has been rated as 756: 731: 728: 716: 687: 658: 638: 616: 593: 578: 559: 544: 517: 505: 502: 490: 475: 462: 405: 380: 377: 365: 236:22:54, 17 September 2008 (UTC) 1: 176:04:46, 16 November 2011 (UTC) 109:and see a list of open tasks. 937:C-Class mathematics articles 922:22:57, 18 October 2015 (UTC) 906:09:36, 18 October 2015 (UTC) 781:14:14, 14 October 2008 (UTC) 301:03:51, 11 October 2008 (UTC) 287:14:19, 14 January 2008 (UTC) 219:19:15, 3 November 2007 (UTC) 203:"don't overdo it"? lame... 796:15:24, 25 August 2010 (UTC) 255:01:47, 5 October 2008 (UTC) 197:00:01, 11 August 2011 (UTC) 958: 343:01:20, 28 April 2013 (UTC) 323:06:31, 6 March 2012 (UTC) 134: 67: 46: 880:13:33, 21 May 2013 (UTC) 866:05:24, 21 May 2013 (UTC) 849:04:36, 21 May 2013 (UTC) 819:08:21, 15 May 2009 (UTC) 164:positive definite matrix 141:project's priority scale 98:WikiProject Mathematics 763: 694: 645: 600: 412: 328: 28:This article is rated 764: 695: 646: 601: 413: 707: 703:Including a plot of 655: 613: 425: 356: 276:the basis of M : --> 121:mathematics articles 759: 690: 641: 596: 408: 90:Mathematics portal 34:content assessment 852: 835:comment added by 802:Duplicate content 685: 669: 627: 446: 313:comment added by 221: 209:comment added by 187:comment added by 155: 154: 151: 150: 147: 146: 949: 851: 829: 768: 766: 765: 760: 755: 754: 699: 697: 696: 691: 686: 678: 670: 662: 650: 648: 647: 642: 628: 620: 605: 603: 602: 597: 577: 576: 543: 542: 530: 526: 483: 482: 447: 445: 437: 429: 417: 415: 414: 409: 404: 403: 348:Error in example 325: 204: 199: 123: 122: 119: 116: 113: 92: 87: 86: 76: 69: 68: 63: 55: 48: 31: 25: 24: 16: 957: 956: 952: 951: 950: 948: 947: 946: 927: 926: 893: 830: 826: 804: 746: 705: 704: 653: 652: 611: 610: 609:Thus the point 568: 534: 474: 458: 454: 438: 430: 423: 422: 418:has an error. 395: 354: 353: 350: 331: 308: 271: 265: 182: 160: 120: 117: 114: 111: 110: 88: 81: 61: 32:on Knowledge's 29: 12: 11: 5: 955: 953: 945: 944: 939: 929: 928: 925: 924: 892: 889: 887: 885: 884: 883: 882: 825: 822: 803: 800: 799: 798: 758: 753: 749: 745: 742: 739: 736: 733: 730: 727: 724: 721: 718: 715: 712: 689: 684: 681: 676: 673: 668: 665: 660: 640: 637: 634: 631: 626: 623: 618: 607: 606: 595: 592: 589: 586: 583: 580: 575: 571: 567: 564: 561: 558: 555: 552: 549: 546: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 522: 519: 516: 513: 510: 507: 504: 501: 498: 495: 492: 489: 486: 481: 477: 473: 470: 467: 464: 461: 457: 453: 450: 444: 441: 436: 433: 407: 402: 398: 394: 391: 388: 385: 382: 379: 376: 373: 370: 367: 364: 361: 349: 346: 330: 329:I don't get... 327: 269: 264: 261: 260: 259: 258: 257: 239: 238: 202: 189:90.215.230.136 159: 156: 153: 152: 149: 148: 145: 144: 133: 127: 126: 124: 107:the discussion 94: 93: 77: 65: 64: 56: 44: 43: 37: 26: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 954: 943: 940: 938: 935: 934: 932: 923: 919: 915: 910: 909: 908: 907: 903: 899: 898:MATThematical 891:Figure Needed 890: 888: 881: 877: 873: 869: 868: 867: 863: 859: 855: 854: 853: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 823: 821: 820: 816: 812: 808: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 784: 783: 782: 778: 774: 770: 751: 747: 743: 740: 737: 734: 725: 722: 719: 713: 710: 701: 682: 679: 674: 671: 666: 663: 635: 632: 629: 624: 621: 590: 587: 584: 581: 573: 569: 565: 562: 556: 553: 550: 547: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 520: 514: 511: 508: 499: 496: 493: 487: 484: 479: 471: 468: 465: 459: 455: 451: 448: 442: 434: 421: 420: 419: 400: 396: 392: 389: 386: 383: 374: 371: 368: 362: 359: 347: 345: 344: 340: 336: 326: 324: 320: 316: 315:66.215.204.74 312: 303: 302: 298: 294: 289: 288: 284: 280: 275: 262: 256: 252: 248: 243: 242: 241: 240: 237: 233: 229: 228:198.82.167.78 224: 223: 222: 220: 216: 212: 208: 200: 198: 194: 190: 186: 178: 177: 173: 169: 168:140.180.55.46 165: 157: 142: 138: 132: 129: 128: 125: 108: 104: 100: 99: 91: 85: 80: 78: 75: 71: 70: 66: 60: 57: 54: 50: 45: 41: 35: 27: 23: 18: 17: 894: 886: 831:— Preceding 827: 805: 788:Semifinalist 771: 702: 608: 351: 332: 309:— Preceding 304: 290: 273: 266: 211:82.81.248.49 201: 183:— Preceding 179: 161: 137:Mid-priority 136: 96: 62:Mid‑priority 40:WikiProjects 837:Shreya.bits 335:71.33.4.235 293:65.9.171.12 247:StoicalSoul 205:—Preceding 112:Mathematics 103:mathematics 59:Mathematics 931:Categories 773:Adamace123 279:83.72.7.63 845:contribs 833:unsigned 311:unsigned 207:unsigned 185:unsigned 268:0 and f 139:on the 30:C-class 858:Kmhkmh 786:fixed 36:scale. 918:talk 902:talk 876:talk 862:talk 841:talk 815:talk 792:talk 777:talk 700:is. 339:talk 319:talk 297:talk 283:talk 251:talk 232:talk 215:talk 193:talk 172:talk 914:JBL 872:JBL 811:X7q 306:--> 131:Mid 933:: 920:) 912:-- 904:) 878:) 864:) 847:) 843:• 817:) 794:) 779:) 675:− 633:− 588:− 563:≠ 554:− 494:− 466:− 440:∂ 432:∂ 341:) 321:) 299:) 285:) 270:xx 253:) 234:) 217:) 195:) 174:) 916:( 900:( 896:- 874:( 860:( 839:( 813:( 790:( 775:( 757:) 752:2 748:y 744:x 741:+ 738:y 735:x 732:( 729:) 726:y 723:+ 720:x 717:( 714:= 711:z 688:) 683:4 680:3 672:, 667:8 664:3 659:( 639:) 636:1 630:, 625:2 622:1 617:( 594:) 591:1 585:x 582:2 579:( 574:2 570:x 566:4 560:) 557:3 551:x 548:8 545:( 540:2 536:x 532:= 528:) 524:x 521:+ 518:) 515:1 512:+ 509:x 506:( 503:) 500:x 497:2 491:( 488:2 485:+ 480:2 476:) 472:x 469:2 463:( 460:3 456:( 452:x 449:= 443:y 435:z 406:) 401:2 397:y 393:x 390:+ 387:y 384:x 381:( 378:) 375:y 372:+ 369:x 366:( 363:= 360:z 337:( 317:( 295:( 281:( 274:e 249:( 230:( 213:( 191:( 170:( 143:. 42::

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positive definite matrix
140.180.55.46
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04:46, 16 November 2011 (UTC)
unsigned
90.215.230.136
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00:01, 11 August 2011 (UTC)
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82.81.248.49
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19:15, 3 November 2007 (UTC)
198.82.167.78
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22:54, 17 September 2008 (UTC)
StoicalSoul
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