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transition for each pair of states and inputs. The definition for NFA only addresses the case of a single input leading to multiple, different states. What about the case where an input leads off to a "dummy state" that just loops back to itself on every input? If we just eliminate the dummy state
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The section on regular language is the best place to parse this. The * is the Kleene Star mentioned in that article. So 1* is the set { epsilon, 1, 11, 111, 1111...) The Kleene star operator over a number of the alphabet symbols such as (01)* is the set { epsilon, 01, 0101, 010101...) Essentially it
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Ooops! I found the sentence "... decides whether or not online user input such as email addresses are valid", and just inserted "syntactically" to indicate that no automaton can check whether a specified mailbox actually exists at the provider site. I wasn't aware of the complexity of address rules
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Identifiers in C are probably a nice example since you have a small alphabet (letters, digits, underscore). Password rules ("at least an upper case, a lower case letter, a digit, and a punctuation char must occur"), while simple to describe textually, would probably already be too big. (I think you
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I've removed the "Accept and
Generate Modes" section on that grounds that it's original research by a defunct user. A search through my textbooks, university library search engine and Google didn't reveal anyone else who's talking about generate modes for DFAs. Even if that section isn't original
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Missing paths are no big deal; the definition of what it means to run such an automaton will most likely say that if a path is missing, the automaton immediately halts (this can be simulated by adding an extra state and a new path to this state for each missing path in the original automaton). So
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It should be mentioned in this article that several transitions labeled with different input symbols leading from state A to state B can be combined into one transition to display the diagram in a simplified way. Technically, however, they are separate transitions, of course.
992:(NFAs). This is because, firstly any DFA is also an NFA, so an NFA can do what a DFA can do. Also, given an NFA, one can build a DFA that recognizes the same language as the NFA, although the DFA could have exponentially larger number of states than the NFA.
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Isn't the description wrong? I understand the sentence to mean that each state must have a transition and the automaton must have a transition for each input symbol, but as far as I know, each state must have a transition for each input symbol.
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i m a student of computer science engineering and for me automata theory and formal languages is a very new subject. i m not being able to get hold of the subject properly. i cannot understand the subject. please suggest somthing.
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says "A local automaton is a DFA for which all edges with the same label lead to a single vertex." I suggest adding "not necessarily complete" before "DFA". If we require the DFA to be complete as specified in
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The description of classifiers claims that a classifier has "has more than two terminal states", which seems to imply that a DFA cannot have more than two terminal states. Should this be "more than two
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Many simple languages, including any problem that requires more than constant space to solve, cannot be recognized by a DFA. Another simpler example is the language consisting of strings of the form
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The old description is ok (if read as "given a state and an input symbol, a transition on them is defined"), but apparently can be misleading; your suggestion is more clear, so I changed the text. -
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Thanks
Jaredwf Just a stupid question though - Finite State Machine says that it is related to 'computer science', while DFST points to 'Theory of computing'. Is this as it should be? Thanks!
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as an application for deterministic finite automata. I am not sure if this is supposed to be an in-joke: the syntax and grammar of email addresses at least as defined by the original
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I have rewritten the intro and added the section "Accept and
Generate modes", both of which aim to be a non-technical introduction. Is this sufficient to remove the technical flag?
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is quite complex, and using DFAs (at least in the form of regular expressions) is kind of seen as an anti-pattern, at least as far as I understand it. See e.g. the discussion at
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I believe you are right. Although every DFA can be made complete by adding an "error" state, completing a local DFA will destroy locality. Also, your proof looks convincing. -
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Can someone please explain the following entry in the article more. Now sure what this exactly is in relation to FSM (the article on regular language is just as perplexing).
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of terminal states"? A DFA can obviously have three terminal states, but just two classes (accept and reject). This is not clear from the current wording on classifiers.
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pair of states and inputs should have exactly one transition. As I understand it, missing transitions are unacceptable for a DFA, and hence would be classes as an NFA.
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Done. I have at least two books that use this format, so I went ahead and made the change. If anyone disagrees, please comment here and let me know. Thanks!
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According to the above definition, deterministic finite automata are always complete: they define a transition for each state and each input symbol.
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In the section "Advantages and
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I agree that this should be explained somewhere. Unfortunately, diagram notation isn't explained at all in this article. Instead it links to
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To what field of human endeavor does this relate? Could someone put an introductory sentance in
English for the rest of us? Thanks! ;)
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which handles the huge amount of existing variants; thus is is not that easy to find the right place to insert your information. -
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I have not checked the references in this section to see how they define DFA. "Local languages and the Berry-Sethi algorithm" (at
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Have added this. Also made some small changes in the wording for union/intersection/complement at the beginning of this section.
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and any inputs leading to it, does the diagram still represent a DFA? If not, is it an NFA? Or something else? Thanks,
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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.
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Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.
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related articles on
Knowledge. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join
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I thought so, but the wording was not clear, so I changed it (adding "arbitrary" to indicate an unbounded
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long as there are never two paths on the same state/input pair, the automaton is deterministic. — Carl
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is limited to a specific finite number, it looks like a DFA can indeed be built for the language
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research, we should consider whether it lends undue weight to a rarely-discussed type of DFA.
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The language of M can be described by the regular language given by this regular expression:
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My suggestion: "they define from each state a transition for each input symbol."
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Both are correct! Theory of
Computation is a subdicipline of Computer Science.
572:, since theory of computation is a more exact answer. Thanks for noticing. --
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Your suggestion is good. Please add it yourself. I also suggest to cite
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The symbols used to describe the 5-tuple are inconsistent with those in
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https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~amir/teaching/csc236f15/materials/lec10.pdf
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It should be made clear that if a path is missing, the automaton halts
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I don't think that is correct. Consider the following state diagram:
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which has infinitely many words (indeed, exactly one of length 2
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Find pictures for the biographies of computer scientists (see
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How to validate an email address using a regular expression?
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The lead section mentions recognizing syntactically valid
668:{\displaystyle \langle Q,\Sigma ,\delta ,q_{0},F\rangle }
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The following discussion is an archived discussion of a
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You are correct. It is bad language. Let me try a fix. (
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here on
Knowledge and the top answer to the question "
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I just added a new section to mention the difference.
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985:Thank you. It looks better now. Also I suggest:
544:Doesn't everyone know automata theory? :-) --
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618:. Is it better to change to
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2045:
2044:
2006:Stack Overflow
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1925:
1905:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1833:
1824:terminates at
1813:
1793:
1773:
1753:
1733:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1649:
1629:
1609:
1589:
1586:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1532:
1509:
1506:
1478:
1475:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1430:
1429:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1307:
1299:
1291:
1283:
1275:
1267:
1259:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1232:
1224:
1216:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1162:article states
1157:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1137:requested move
1131:
1130:
1105:Ashutosh Gupta
1101:
1100:
1091:
1080:
1078:
1060:
1059:
1049:requested move
1043:
1041:
1040:Requested move
1038:
1027:Raghunandan ma
1012:Ashutosh Gupta
994:Raghunandan ma
972:Ashutosh Gupta
958:Raghunandan ma
949:
946:
945:
944:
943:
942:
921:
920:
919:
918:
901:
900:
881:
880:
843:
840:
814:
811:
796:
788:
785:
771:
770:Merge proposal
768:
756:115.248.12.253
745:
744:
730:
664:
661:
658:
653:
649:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
611:
608:
607:
606:
579:
564:I changed the
552:
551:
531:
528:
512:
511:Technical flag
509:
506:
505:
502:
501:
498:
497:
486:
480:
479:
477:
460:the discussion
447:
446:
430:
418:
417:
409:
397:
396:
393:
392:
389:
388:
385:
384:
382:
381:
379:
378:
361:
353:
351:
350:
344:
334:
332:
331:
325:
315:
313:
312:
307:
299:
289:
287:
286:
280:
270:
268:
267:
261:
251:
249:
248:
242:
232:
230:
229:
223:
213:
211:
210:
205:
199:
189:
187:
186:
180:
168:
166:
165:
153:
152:
140:
139:
128:
122:
121:
119:
102:the discussion
88:
76:
75:
67:
55:
54:
48:
37:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2215:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2156:State diagram
2153:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2079:
2075:
2068:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1923:
1903:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1831:
1811:
1791:
1771:
1751:
1731:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1647:
1627:
1607:
1587:
1584:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1530:
1521:
1519:
1514:
1507:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1456:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1363:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1317:And so forth.
1316:
1313:
1305:
1297:
1289:
1281:
1273:
1265:
1257:
1254:
1246:
1238:
1230:
1222:
1214:
1211:
1203:
1195:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1058:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
986:
983:
981:
977:
973:
968:
967:
963:
959:
955:
947:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
924:
923:
922:
917:
913:
909:
905:
904:
903:
902:
899:
894:
890:
883:
882:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
860:
859:
858:
857:
854:
849:
841:
839:
838:
835:
831:
827:
819:
812:
810:
806:
805:
802:
795:
792:
786:
784:
783:
780:
776:
769:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
743:
739:
735:
731:
729:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
687:
686:
685:
684:
681:
676:
659:
656:
651:
647:
643:
640:
637:
631:
628:
617:
609:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
580:
578:
575:
571:
567:
563:
562:
561:
560:
557:
556:Mark Richards
550:
547:
543:
542:
541:
540:
537:
536:Mark Richards
529:
527:
526:
522:
518:
510:
495:
491:
485:
482:
481:
478:
461:
457:
453:
452:
444:
438:
433:
431:
428:
424:
423:
419:
413:
410:
407:
403:
374:
367:
363:
362:
360:
358:
354:
349:
346:
345:
343:
341:
340:
335:
330:
327:
326:
324:
322:
321:
316:
311:
308:
305:
301:
300:
298:
296:
295:
290:
285:
282:
281:
279:
277:
276:
271:
266:
263:
262:
260:
258:
257:
252:
247:
244:
243:
241:
239:
238:
233:
228:
225:
224:
222:
220:
219:
214:
209:
206:
204:
201:
200:
198:
196:
195:
190:
185:
182:
181:
179:
177:
176:
171:
170:
167:
163:
159:
158:
155:
154:
150:
146:
145:
141:
137:
133:
127:
124:
123:
120:
103:
99:
95:
94:
89:
86:
82:
81:
77:
71:
68:
65:
61:
56:
52:
46:
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
2138:
2132:
2128:
2105:
2083:
2080:
2076:
2072:
1987:
1964:
1938:
1522:
1511:
1488:— Preceding
1483:
1480:
1460:
1436:
1414:
1410:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1311:
1303:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1263:
1252:
1244:
1236:
1228:
1220:
1209:
1201:
1193:
1183:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1159:
1153:
1141:
1134:
1122:
1118:
1102:
1079:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1046:
1024:
1005:
987:
984:
969:
953:
951:
927:
865:
861:
847:
845:
823:
807:
799:
797:1*(01*01*)*
793:
790:
774:
773:
746:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
692:
688:
677:
613:
553:
533:
514:
490:Mid-priority
489:
449:
415:Mid‑priority
356:
355:
339:Unreferenced
337:
336:
318:
317:
292:
291:
273:
272:
254:
253:
235:
234:
216:
215:
192:
191:
173:
172:
131:
91:
51:WikiProjects
1844:with input
1477:Classifiers
1419:Deltahedron
1321:As long as
779:Ancheta Wis
750:—Preceding
734:ThomasOwens
584:—Preceding
530:What field?
465:Mathematics
456:mathematics
412:Mathematics
41:Start-class
2177:Categories
2139:Sicro ---
2084:Sicro ---
1441:Loadmaster
1413:for every
1339:Loadmaster
1121:per nom. —
1067:Mike Cline
862:Ambigiuous
709:Autamaton
697:semigroup
517:Ounsworth
227:Computing
1784:lead to
1490:unsigned
834:Dcoetzee
752:unsigned
711:. Using
699:. Using
598:contribs
590:Ben 1220
586:unsigned
568:to say
275:Maintain
218:Copyedit
2053:Tea2min
2010:Tea2min
1994:RFC 822
1804:. Then
1484:classes
1333:'s and
1119:Support
853:Maghnus
680:Pkirlin
610:symbols
574:jaredwf
546:jaredwf
492:on the
256:Infobox
194:Cleanup
134:on the
1724:. Let
1312:aaabbb
1164:that:
801:yusufm
775:Oppose
721:monoid
237:Expand
47:scale.
2073:: -->
2004:" on
1600:. If
1439:). —
870:Pyrre
866:every
725:linas
689:agree
320:Stubs
294:Photo
151:with:
2164:talk
2145:talk
2115:talk
2106:Done
2090:talk
2057:talk
2038:talk
2014:talk
2008:. –
1974:talk
1965:Done
1949:talk
1692:but
1498:talk
1468:talk
1445:talk
1423:talk
1343:talk
1253:aabb
1160:The
1124:Ruud
1109:talk
1071:talk
1031:talk
1016:talk
998:talk
976:talk
962:talk
936:talk
912:talk
893:talk
874:talk
760:talk
738:talk
719:for
707:for
594:talk
521:talk
126:High
2024:at
1936:.
1870:or
1306:→ S
1298:→ S
1290:→ S
1282:→ S
1274:→ S
1266:→ S
1247:→ S
1239:→ S
1231:→ S
1223:→ S
1204:→ S
1196:→ S
1180:'s.
1139:.
889:CBM
484:Mid
2179::
2166:)
2147:)
2117:)
2092:)
2059:)
2040:)
2016:)
1976:)
1951:)
1709:∉
1677:∈
1500:)
1470:)
1447:)
1425:)
1389:∈
1345:)
1327:ab
1302:→
1294:→
1286:→
1278:→
1270:→
1262:→
1243:→
1235:→
1227:→
1219:→
1210:ab
1200:→
1192:→
1170:ab
1154:ab
1111:)
1096:→
1087:→
1073:)
1051:.
1033:)
1022:)
1018:)
1000:)
982:)
978:)
964:)
954:ab
938:)
930:.
914:)
908:Rp
891:·
876:)
762:)
740:)
723:.
663:⟩
641:δ
635:Σ
626:⟨
600:)
596:•
523:)
376:}}
370:{{
2162:(
2143:(
2113:(
2088:(
2055:(
2036:(
2012:(
1972:(
1947:(
1924:M
1904:A
1884:c
1881:c
1878:c
1858:c
1855:b
1852:a
1832:q
1812:M
1792:q
1772:c
1752:M
1732:q
1712:A
1706:c
1703:b
1700:a
1680:A
1674:c
1671:c
1668:c
1648:M
1628:A
1608:M
1588:b
1585:a
1564:c
1561:,
1558:b
1555:,
1552:a
1531:A
1496:(
1466:(
1443:(
1437:n
1421:(
1415:n
1411:n
1397:}
1393:N
1386:n
1383::
1378:n
1374:b
1368:n
1364:a
1360:{
1341:(
1335:b
1331:a
1323:n
1314:)
1310:(
1308:9
1304:b
1300:8
1296:b
1292:7
1288:b
1284:6
1280:a
1276:3
1272:a
1268:1
1264:a
1260:0
1258:S
1255:)
1251:(
1249:5
1245:b
1241:4
1237:b
1233:3
1229:a
1225:1
1221:a
1217:0
1215:S
1212:)
1208:(
1206:2
1202:b
1198:1
1194:a
1190:0
1188:S
1178:b
1174:a
1156:?
1107:(
1069:(
1029:(
1014:(
996:(
974:(
960:(
934:(
910:(
895:)
887:(
872:(
758:(
736:(
717:M
713:M
705:A
701:A
693:S
660:F
657:,
652:0
648:q
644:,
638:,
632:,
629:Q
592:(
519:(
496:.
359::
342::
323::
306:)
297::
278::
259::
240::
221::
197::
178::
138:.
53::
20:)
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