1169:, but not supplant, the key facts that appear in an article. Barring the specific exceptions listed below, an article should remain complete with its infobox ignored. The less information that an infobox contains, the more effectively it serves its purpose, allowing readers to identify key facts at a glance. Some infoboxes need to use more than a handful of fields, but information should be presented in a short format, wherever possible, and exclude unnecessary content. Avoid links to sections within the article; the table of contents provides that function.
3321:
45:
1626:
The availability of optional fields does not mean that all fields should be made optional, nor that large numbers of rarely used fields should be added without regard for the layout and ease-of-use of the infobox template. In some cases, the markup for the field still needs to be downloaded even if
1446:
The template should have a large, bold title line. Either a table caption or a header can be used for this. It should be named the common name of the article's subject but may contain the full (official) name; this does not need to match the article's
Knowledge (XXG) title, but falling back to use
1138:
software feature. The templates have parameters; to work properly, the parameter values have to be specified when the template is inserted in the page. This allows each infobox to show information relevant to the article subject, while requiring only a minimal amount of coding within each article.
1278:
General consistency should be aimed for across articles using the same infobox. A good guideline is not to add extraneous style formatting over that in a default infobox without good reason. Infoboxes may tend towards greater abbreviation than that generally used in article bodies. The general
1602:
Infoboxes that indicate hierarchical relationships may have subtly different requirements depending on where in the hierarchy the subject of the article is located. For example, an infobox for corporations will be different between an article describing a parent company and indicating its
1763:
Like static infoboxes, they are designed to present summary information about an article's subject, such that similar subjects have a uniform look and in a common format. However, the template technique allows updates of style and of common text from a central place, the template page.
1759:
In theory, the fields in an infobox should be consistent across every article using it; in practice, however, this is rarely the case, for a number of reasons. Infobox templates should be designed to dynamically adapt themselves to the absence or presence of particular fields.
2302:
parameter, and will often consist of the linked name of the last-attended institution of higher education (not secondary schools). It is usually not relevant to include either parameter for non-graduates, but article talk page consensus may conclude otherwise, as for
1781:
The average editor will merely use templates without making changes to them. To make things easier for them, we should aim to minimize the number of different templates they must be familiar with; creating multiple forks of templates is therefore
2424:
are often not found in the main article content. The infobox is also often the location of the most significant, even only, image in an article. There is a userscript which removes infoboxes but moves the images contained to separate thumbnails:
1616:
Some items in infoboxes may not be readily available or not available at all, such as the producers of an album or film. In these cases it is better to provide available information while concealing fields for which information may not be
2656:
164:
1774:
The most important group to consider are the casual readers of
Knowledge (XXG), who will never do any significant editing. Infobox templates that contain many blank fields, question marks, or "Unknown"s present an unprofessional
1643:
If the field is relevant to very few articles, it should probably not be included at all. Conversely, very common fields may be included – and made optional – even if they are not applicable to a few of the articles in
2009:
for guidelines) and the information does not also appear in the body of the article, the reference should be included in the infobox. But editors should first consider including the fact in the body of the article.
1814:
allows the designer to concentrate on which fields to include. Functionality such as default styling and suppression of rows in an article that has no value for a particular field are taken care of automatically.
3124:
676:
2407:
Be aware that although all information in an infobox ideally should also be found in the main body of an article, there isn't perfect compliance with this guideline. For example, the full taxonomic hierarchy in
1869:
Several sub-templates (and independent templates) have a common name prefix. They are included in an infobox based on the value of a particular parameter, which acts as the name suffix. For example, we create
1069:
1609:
Items within a single set may have optional features that would commonly be listed in an infobox. For example, an infobox for an article about a university may include a motto; but not all universities have
1577:
Infoboxes, particularly infobox forks for the same category of articles, should maintain a consistent appearance with related infoboxes, particularly in relation to layout, colour and structure. For example,
1561:
If a parameter is not applicable, or no information is available, it should be left blank, and the template coded to selectively hide information or provide default values for parameters that are not defined.
1958:. For example, for a particular infobox type, if one of its fields is called "weight", it would be inappropriate to sometimes use this field to denote "weight at birth" and other times "weight at maturity".
2992:
2987:
551:
541:
1596:
Certain desired information may simply have been lost over time. For example, an infobox describing a modern bank may provide certain financial information that would be unavailable for a medieval one.
2005:
References are acceptable in some cases, but generally not needed in infoboxes if the content is repeated (and cited) elsewhere or if the information is obvious. If the material needs a reference (see
1947:
The use of infoboxes is neither required nor prohibited for any article. Whether to include an infobox, which infobox to include, and which parts of the infobox to use, is determined through
2562:
3047:
601:
3207:
3134:
3062:
2945:
777:
686:
616:
487:
1095:
3179:
3114:
3057:
3012:
2092:
parameter in general biography infoboxes. Such a parameter should only appear in infoboxes that pertain to classes of persons for whom religion is integral to their notability, e.g.
742:
666:
611:
566:
3104:
3042:
3032:
1054:
703:
596:
591:
1637:
How important is the field to the articles that will use the infobox? Is it summary information, or more extended detail that may be better placed within the body of an article?
3017:
2683:
571:
191:
3052:
3002:
2982:
1767:
While there are several alternatives to dynamic infoboxes, such as using multiple (forked) templates or leaving fields blank, they should be avoided, for a number of reasons:
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3078:
3027:
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822:
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581:
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2172:
This includes when citizenship changes due to sovereignty changes (e.g. when a colony attains independence) but is a group change that only depends on citizenship at birth.
1192:
There will be exceptions where a piece of key specialised information may be placed in the infobox, but is difficult to integrate into the body text. Examples include the
2977:
2914:
1829:
Parser functions can be used to selectively show or hide particular content (such as table rows) within an infobox based on the value of one or more template parameters.
531:
459:
209:
2478:
2651:
159:
3119:
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option. Every infobox is different and the documentation for the infobox in question should be consulted for the proper parameters to match the image and caption. If
671:
629:
524:
346:
1832:
For example, a parameter may be designed to display only if another parameter exists. A simplistic test to display a caption only when an image is present could be:
2175:
Make sure the birth country is visible (not just a link target) in the "birth_place" field, and that it is not anachronistic based on the birth date. For example: "
3352:
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142:
3083:
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693:
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511:
373:
329:
1898:
Rather than having each field correspond to a parameter on one template, the infobox consists of an individual sub-template for each field; see, for example,
1059:
2864:
2796:
2734:
2729:
2709:
2663:
1731:
Infoboxes for geographical items (e.g. cities and countries) should generally be headed with the article title, although the formal version of a name (e.g.
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246:
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171:
1088:
3174:
3037:
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738:
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Any field that might reasonably be empty should probably be optional. However, a field that is usually empty may not be particularly useful or relevant.
2940:
2935:
2719:
2704:
2641:
1910:
Templates can be designed in a modular way, such that various combinations are possible. A combination may even appear on the page as a single infobox.
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149:
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1113:
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698:
454:
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176:
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2169:
birthright citizenship. For example, we allow readers to assume that people born in Norway are citizens of Norway, and document known exceptions.
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1747:). Alternative or native names can appear beneath this if beneficial. Extensive historic names are often better in a second infobox, as at
1295:, the purpose of infoboxes is to facilitate convenient access to specific information; they should not prioritize a decorative appearance.
3167:
2678:
732:
186:
53:
1739:) can be substituted. Where the article title is disambiguated, the plain name can head the infobox, as long as the topic is clear (e.g.
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1965:
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Assess the requirement of a new infobox before designing one. A few points should be considered while initiating a new infobox:
1921:, and design a project-specific template with only additional information, and the pages would render both "stacked" together.
1579:
886:
3347:
3262:
1914:
817:
2884:
2443:
1955:
1131:
912:
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351:
2582:
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2268:
If needed to indicate legal nationality, use "national of" rather than "nationality", to avoid confusion with ethnicity.
2253:
Do not omit previous values, and add very brief context to explain how or when a given status was acquired. For example:
1329:
271:
65:
2598:
2538:– messages displayed in Knowledge (XXG)'s web interface boxes, reserved for internal system use and only modifiable by
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57:
17:
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For instance, if adding a field for the date on which the subject died, to a biographical infobox template, use
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126:
2575:
2557:
2419:
2375:
1570:
A number of factors can cause inconsistency in available summary information for a particular type of article:
1486:, as do many other biographical infoboxes, so it would be confusing for a new biographical infobox to use, say
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2486:
2331:
2095:
1664:
1627:
it is not displayed. Creating overly long templates with a number of irrelevant fields is not recommended.
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1228:
3277:
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3237:
2316:
827:
802:
797:
2243:
1541:
1342:
module to help with formatting of images so simply supplying the file name will work. For example, to use
1338:
When adding an image to an infobox, thumbnails should NOT be used. Infobox templates should implement the
3267:
2624:
1948:
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73:
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3252:
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2019:
1981:
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1714:
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87:
3146:
1744:
1412:
Before creating a new infobox template, check first to see whether a suitable infobox already exists.
971:
708:
3227:
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1961:
Each infobox type should have documentation giving instruction on how each part/field may be used.
1382:. (You may wish to add a request to the infobox's talk page that the missing parameters be added.)
1355:
1339:
879:
2500:
2195:
Citizenship or nationality can be noted if dual, naturalized, or an exception to the typical case.
2006:
1284:
29:"Knowledge (XXG):Infobox" and "Knowledge (XXG):Infoboxes" redirect here. For the WikiProject, see
1121:
3307:
1288:
132:
2239:
2180:
2176:
2142:
2327:
1280:
2411:
2234:
Denote non-citizen national status by explicitly naming the legal status, e.g. "citizenship=
1899:
1811:
1437:
1210:
1117:
1030:
128:
2216:
Use a country name (e.g. "Cuba") or legal category linked to an explanatory article (e.g. "
1460:
2235:
2217:
2203:
2210:
2247:
1552:
872:
3341:
3306:
2552:
1587:
1135:
130:
2467:
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1954:
The meaning given to each infobox part should be the same across instances of that
932:
34:
64:
It is a generally accepted standard that editors should attempt to follow, though
2183:, British Empire" (the colonizing country typically sets citizenship rules). Per
2199:
2138:
1968:, infoboxes should avoid flag icons. For more information about flag icons, see
1917:
group wanted to design a template based on their static infobox, they could use
1510:
1232:
1224:
1219:
Using an infobox also makes its data available to third party re-users (such as
2304:
1736:
1603:
subsidiaries and an article describing a subsidiary and indicating its parent.
1521:
1502:
1494:
1640:
Will the field be relevant to many of the articles that will use the infobox?
2264:
In complicated cases, omit from the infobox and explain in the article body.
2146:
1698:
2187:, instead of "American", use "United States" or "U.S." or "US", not "USA".
2165:
2160:
Omit when this can be inferred from the birth country (almost all cases)
1969:
1748:
1236:
2532:– article footers designed to provide links to several related articles
2228:
2184:
1220:
1193:
1125:
2223:
If citizenship rights vary by territory, specify the territory, e.g. "
1630:
As you design an infobox template, consider the following questions:
1583:
2378:
or into a browser user script that is executed by an extension like
1358:
is not yet fully implemented in the infobox you are using, the same
2457:, a freshly generated list of templates starting with "Infobox ..."
2567:
1685:
2298:
parameter is a more concise alternative to (not addition to) the
1112:
is a panel, usually in the top right of an article, next to the
2571:
1697:(Such as a record release, or sport fixture) If so, include an
1291:(use of color) are likely to be particularly relevant. As with
3308:
1801:
Can't be addressed by creating a wrapper of existing infoboxes
1423:
should be in the singular and capitalized as per normal usage—
133:
39:
2137:
field should not be used. This was previously available for
1334:
Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style/Images § Images for the lead
2256:"United States (by birthplace), Switzerland (from parents)"
1120:), or at the end of the lead section of an article (in the
2473:
Knowledge (XXG):Template index/Cleanup § Infobox needed
2285:
2124:
2117:
2075:
2068:
2034:
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1996:
1989:
1938:
1722:
1399:
1330:
Knowledge (XXG):Image use policy § Displayed image size
1319:
1312:
1269:
1181:
1156:
1124:), that summarizes key facts about the page's subject.
102:
95:
1430:, e.g., "Infobox settlement" or "Infobox NFL player").
1582:
a degree of similarity when viewing the article for
3296:
3190:
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3071:
2970:
2954:
2923:
2857:
2836:
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2774:
2743:
2697:
2634:
2492:
Knowledge (XXG):Arbitration/Requests/Case/Infoboxes
2416:, and the OMIM and other medical database codes of
2259:"Germany (birth-1945), United States (since 1945)"
2156:field can be used, with the following guidelines:
1778:Article editors greatly outnumber template editors
1490:, rather than reusing the existing parameter name.
1466:be named, not numbered, to provide for future use.
2374:Alternatively, you can add the following code to
2334:for just the current skin), on a line by itself:
2307:, who dropped out of Harvard to start Microsoft.
1245:must comply with English Knowledge (XXG) policies
2319:that hides any infoboxes in their own browsers.
1457:) is usually fine. It should not contain a link.
1408:For consistency the following guidelines apply:
1235:. Infoboxes can also present data imported from
2213:, especially for biographies of living people.
2192:Do not use for ethnicity or national identity.
2163:This includes countries both with and without
1951:among the editors at each individual article.
1795:Sufficient and appropriate distinct parameters
1472:be consistent between infoboxes. For example,
33:. For general help on creating infoboxes, see
2583:
2084:The Knowledge (XXG) community has decided at
2043:The Knowledge (XXG) community has decided at
1089:
880:
8:
2536:Knowledge (XXG):MediaWiki interface messages
2322:To hide all infoboxes, add the following to
1798:Can't be addressed by the existing infoboxes
1653:Can the field name be reused from elsewhere?
1469:use lower-case unless they are proper nouns.
3208:Categories, lists, and navigation templates
778:Categories, lists, and navigation templates
56:is a part of the English Knowledge (XXG)'s
2590:
2576:
2568:
2506:Knowledge (XXG):Disinfoboxes: a refutation
1681:Is it for people, places or organisations?
1096:
1082:
946:
898:
887:
873:
403:
367:
114:
3353:Knowledge (XXG) Manual of Style (content)
1241:Category:Infobox templates using Wikidata
2512:Knowledge (XXG):Law of infobox inclusion
2104:Nationality and citizenship in infoboxes
1542:Infoboxes using geographical coordinates
1350:. Captions should be specified with the
2561:) is being considered for merging. See
2485:, a freshly generated list of relevant
1046:
1019:
993:
949:
940:
919:
901:
467:
117:
2299:
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2153:
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1906:Interaction between multiple templates
1675:
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1506:
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1487:
1483:
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1375:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1351:
1347:
76:. When in doubt, discuss first on the
2479:All pages with titles beginning with
2451:All pages with titles beginning with
2427:User:Maddy from Celeste/disinfobox.js
2209:Include an inline citation and use a
31:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Infoboxes
7:
2530:Knowledge (XXG):Navigation templates
2225:British Overseas Territories citizen
1647:How likely is the field to be empty?
1370:, etc., options may be called using
2481:Knowledge (XXG):WikiProject Infobox
2518:Wikidata:Wikidata:Infobox Tutorial
2051:parameter in biography infoboxes.
1558:template in the parameter's value.
1118:desktop version of Knowledge (XXG)
24:
2444:Knowledge (XXG):List of infoboxes
2220:"), not a demonym (e.g. "Cuban").
1825:mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions
1810:Basing a new infobox template on
1771:Readers greatly outnumber editors
1443:template to create a new infobox.
1128:may also include images or maps.
72:edit to this page should reflect
3320:
3319:
1548:as the parameter name, with the
43:
2206:to avoid incorrect assumptions.
18:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style
2545:Knowledge (XXG):Template index
2141:, but was often confused with
1670:, and not a similar name like
1427:Knowledge (XXG):Article titles
1283:(use of non-breaking spaces),
1206:and most of the parameters in
1:
3358:Knowledge (XXG) template help
3125:References and external links
1622:General design considerations
1386:Consistency between infoboxes
1165:The purpose of an infobox is
677:References and external links
2565:to help reach a consensus. ›
2547:– directory of all templates
2497:Knowledge (XXG):Disinfoboxes
1865:Name-resolved meta-templates
1348:|image=Image PlaceHolder.png
2978:Specific naming conventions
2047:not to allow the use of an
1925:Using infoboxes in articles
1880:{{Infobox Ship/{{{type}}}}}
1424:
1256:Style, color and formatting
1132:Knowledge (XXG)'s infoboxes
532:Specific naming conventions
3374:
2657:Organizing by subject area
2275:
2107:
2088:not to allow the use of a
2058:
2017:
1979:
1928:
1919:Template:Infobox Biography
1822:
1712:
1599:Hierarchical inconsistency
1520:represent spaces using an
1389:
1344:File:Image PlaceHolder.png
1327:
1302:
1259:
1243:), although imported data
1171:
1146:
1070:Convert to use {{Infobox}}
1039:List of infoboxes/Proposed
85:
28:
3348:Knowledge (XXG) infoboxes
3315:
3283:Wikimedia sister projects
2605:
2462:Other infobox information
2324:Special:MyPage/common.css
1888:{{Infobox Ship/Military}}
1876:{{Infobox Ship/Civilian}}
1872:{{Infobox Ship/Military}}
1593:Historical incompleteness
1287:(numbers and dates), and
928:Manual of Style/Infoboxes
833:Wikimedia sister projects
2563:templates for discussion
2524:Other types of templates
2384:
2336:
2311:Infoboxes and user style
1949:discussion and consensus
1834:
1694:Is it for a dated event?
2332:Special:MyPage/skin.css
1976:References in infoboxes
1703:the microformat project
1690:the microformat project
1566:Causes of inconsistency
1229:machine readable format
2272:Education in infoboxes
2244:United States national
2014:Ethnicity in infoboxes
1733:Republic of Montenegro
1709:Geographical infoboxes
1634:Is the field of value?
1134:almost always use the
26:Wikimedia project page
2915:Writing about fiction
2055:Religion in infoboxes
1886:in an article causes
1819:Conditional templates
1606:Feature inconsistency
1463:in infoboxes should:
1372:Extended image syntax
1346:, you can simply use
1196:and similar codes in
1182:MOS:INFOBOXEXCEPTIONS
904:WikiProject Infoboxes
460:Writing about fiction
165:Organizing by subject
119:Manual of Style (MoS)
66:occasional exceptions
3258:Talk page guidelines
2946:Stringed instruments
2652:Disambiguation pages
2035:MOS:INFOBOXETHNICITY
1966:navigation templates
1913:For example, if the
1894:Multi-part infoboxes
1574:Design inconsistency
1293:navigation templates
1060:Change template used
813:Talk page guidelines
488:Stringed instruments
160:Disambiguation pages
3063:Trinidad and Tobago
2993:France (and French)
2988:China (and Chinese)
2242:)" or "citizenship=
2076:MOS:INFOBOXRELIGION
1836:| caption =
1613:Lack of information
617:Trinidad and Tobago
552:France (and French)
542:China (and Chinese)
3263:Template namespace
2133:In biographies, a
1915:WikiProject Saints
1701:microformat – see
1688:microformat – see
1684:If so, include an
1415:Name the template
1157:MOS:INFOBOXPURPOSE
818:Template namespace
762:Related guidelines
3335:
3334:
3273:Understandability
3135:Structure drawing
3084:Latter Day Saints
2885:Lyrics and poetry
2828:Stand-alone lists
2715:Dates and numbers
2438:List of templates
2240:Massachusetts Bay
2181:Colony of Jamaica
2143:national identity
2139:legal nationality
1755:Dynamic templates
1745:SĂŁo Paulo (state)
1251:Design principles
1106:
1105:
1015:
1014:
983:Infobox requested
913:List of infoboxes
897:
896:
823:Understandability
753:
752:
687:Structure drawing
642:Latter Day Saints
495:
494:
430:Lyrics and poetry
352:Stand-alone lists
227:Dates and numbers
113:
112:
3365:
3323:
3322:
3309:
3233:Military history
3142:Computer science
3115:Compound classes
2962:Military history
2592:
2585:
2578:
2569:
2484:
2456:
2453:Template:Infobox
2423:
2415:
2403:
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2345:mw-parser-output
2343:
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2204:nationality laws
2155:
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