396:), and he was no longer able to reach Huatai. Huatai soon fell, Zhu was captured, and Tan retreated. On the way, Northern Wei forces became aware that Tan was out of food, and so trailed him, ready to attack. Tan then used a trick that made him famous in Chinese history—at night, he had the soldiers pretend that sand was grain and yell out the measurements, and then covered the sand with grain. In the morning, when Northern Wei forces saw the pile of sand covered with grain, they mistakenly thought that Tan's forces did not lack food at all, and therefore decided not to pursue him further. Tan was able to withdraw his forces without major losses. Emperor Wen gave him greater titles and returned him to Jiang Province.
405:
better, he considered ordering Tan to return to Jiang
Province or to put him in charge of another army against Northern Wei, but then suddenly grew sicker. At that time, Tan was already on the dock ready to depart for Jiang Province, and Liu Yikang summoned him back to Jiankang and arrested him. Emperor Wen then issued an edict falsely accusing Tan of preparing treason and executed him with his sons, but spared his grandsons. Emperor Wen also killed two of Tan's trusted generals, Xue Tong (
343:) a renegade. Believing that neither Tan nor Wang Hong was involved in the plot to depose and kill Emperor Shao, he summoned them to the capital, and he put Tan in charge of the army to attack Xie. Xie, while a talented strategist, was unaccustomed to commanding large armies, and Tan defeated him; he was subsequently captured and executed. In light of his victory, Emperor Wen promoted Tan to greater titles and made him the governor of Jiang Province (江州, modern
26:
382:) under Northern Wei siege and totally without support. Emperor Wen replaced Dao with Tan in spring 431, requesting that he try to advance to Huatai to save it. Tan was initially successful in his attempts to advance toward Huatai, winning several battles against Northern Wei forces. However, after he reached Licheng (歷城, in modern
321:
Emperor Wen tried to pacify the officials who made him emperor by giving them greater titles and fiefs, and he tried to create Tan the Duke of Wuling (a commandery, as opposed to the county that he was the duke of), but Tan insisted on refusing, and returned to his post at
Guangling (廣陵, in modern
404:
if
Emperor Wen were to die, was particularly concerned that he would be unable to control Tan. In late 435, when Emperor Wen became very ill, Liu Yikang summoned Tan to Jiankang, and despite misgivings by Tan's wife, Tan went to Jiankang anyway. He remained about a month, and as Emperor Wen grew
308:
had, they summoned Tan and Wang to the capital and then informed them of the plot. They then sent soldiers into the palace to arrest
Emperor Shao, after first persuading the imperial guards not to resist. Before Emperor Shao could get up from bed in the morning, the soldiers were already in his
399:
However, because of Tan's abilities and because his sons and subordinates were also all capable, he eventually became suspected by
Emperor Wen and his brother, the prime minister Liu Yikang, particularly because Emperor Wen was ill for several years. Liu Yikang, who presumed that he would be
432:." When Northern Wei officials heard of Tan's death, they celebrated. In 450, when Northern Wei made a major incursion into Liu Song and destroyed six provinces, Emperor Wen lamented that if Tan were still alive, he would have prevented Northern Wei advances.
153:
It is not known when Tan Daoji was born, but what is known is that he lost his parents early, and was said to be appropriate in his deeds even as a young orphan, being respectful to his older brothers and sisters. Two of his older brothers, Tan Shao
303:
In 424, Xu, Fu, and Xie, dissatisfied with
Emperor Shao's tendencies to trust people lacking virtues and believing him to be unfit to be emperor, resolved to depose him. Because they were apprehensive about the powerful armies that Tan and
187:) continued to resist Liu's army, Tan killed Huan Zhen in battle. For this achievement, he was created the Marquess of Wuxing. He continued to participate in various campaigns, including assisting Liu Yu's brother Liu Daogui (
313:, declared Emperor Shao's faults and demoted him to Prince of Yingyang, offering the throne to his younger brother Liu Yilong the Prince of Yidu instead. Liu Yilong, after some hesitation, took the throne as Emperor Wen.
279:
Unlike Xu, Fu, and Xie, however, Tan did not remain at the capital
Jiankang or involve himself with the operations of the imperial government, but became the governor of Southern Yan Province (南兗州, modern central
225:). For this, he was created the Baron of Tang. (This might seem a demotion, but Liu Yu was reorganizing noble titles at the time, and while it was technically a demotion, he gave Tan a larger fief.)
360:) was. Dao was initially able to recover the provinces, as Northern Wei chose to abandon them temporarily, waiting for winter to counterattack. When it did so in winter 430, Dao retreated after
354:
When
Emperor Wen launched a major campaign against Northern Wei in 430 to try to regain provinces south of the Yellow River, Tan was not in command of the army—Dao Yanzhi (
449:), that of Tan's best strategies, "Retreat" was the last and best strategy—because the people had satirized Tan's retreat from Northern Wei forces after Huatai's fall.
309:
bedchamber, and he made a futile attempt to resist, but was captured. He was sent back to his old palace. The officials then, in the name of
Emperor Shao's mother
228:
When Liu Yu launched a major attack against Later Qin in 416, Tan was his forward commander, and he made major contributions in contributing the important cities
333:
Emperor Wen, angry that Xu, Fu, and Xie had, immediately after they deposed
Emperor Shao, assassinated both Emperor Shao and another brother of his, Liu Yizhen (
653:
259:
in 420, ending Jin and establishing Liu Song (as Emperor Wu), he created Tan the Duke of Yongxiu. When Emperor Wu grew ill in 422, he entrusted Liu Yifu to
633:
310:
181:
rose against him in 404, and Tan joined Liu Yu's army and served as his assistant. When Huan Xuan was killed late in 404 but his nephew Huan Zhen (
643:
288:
launched a major attack on Liu Song later in 422 in light of Emperor Wu's death, seeking to capture the Liu Song provinces just south of the
145:
the Prince of Pengcheng, and during an illness of Emperor Wen, Liu Yikang had Tan arrested and executed on false accusations of treason.
339:) the Prince of Luling, had Xu and Fu arrested and killed in 426, and declared Xie, then the governor of Jing Province (荊州, modern
292:, Tan Daoji commanded an army to try to save those provinces. He was able to save Qing Province (青州, modern central and eastern
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When Tan was arrested, he angrily threw his scarf on the ground and stated bitterly, "You have destroyed your
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519:, he was 51 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died in the 14th year of the
494:, he was 56 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died in the 2nd year of the
271:
and Tan, and he died soon after. Liu Yifu succeeded him as Emperor Shao.
477:
era of his reign. This corresponds to 9 Apr 436 on the Julian calendar.
390:), his supply route was cut off by the Northern Wei general Yizhan Jian (
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fell in 417, he became the general in charge of protecting Liu Yu's
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417:), who were capable soldiers and compared by their admirers to
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and even more so by Emperor Wen's brother, the prime minister
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dynasty. He was one of the most respected generals during the
126:) (before 394 - April 9, 436) was a high-level general of the
439:—although it was later semi-derogatorily noted by the
300:) and Yan (兗州, modern western Shandong) provinces.
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40:
32:
18:
137:era. Because of this, however, he was feared by
473:day of the 3rd month of the 13th year of the
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220:
219:), the brother-in-law of the warlord Lu Xun (
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8:
296:), but could not also save Si (司州, central
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15:
376:) and its commanding general Zhu Xiuzhi (
166:; 368 - 418), were also generals later.
465:According to Liu Yilong's biography in
458:
49:
490:According to Tan Shao's biography in
7:
654:Military writers from Imperial China
515:According to Tan Zhi's biography in
368:fell, leaving Huatai (滑台, in modern
255:After Liu Yu seized the throne from
207:) and Huan Xuan's cousin Huan Qian (
14:
469:, Tan Daoji was executed on the
213:) in 410 and battling Xu Daofu (
135:Southern and Northern Dynasties
634:Jin dynasty (266–420) generals
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189:
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113:
105:
1:
644:Liu Song government officials
566:History of Southern Dynasties
236:. After Later Qin's capital
201:forces commanded by Gou Lin (
275:During Emperor Shao's reign
173:seized the Jin throne from
670:
317:During Emperor Wen's reign
160:; 366 - 421) and Tan Zhi (
79:
527:. (十四年，...，其年卒广陵，时年五十一.)
445:
435:Tan was said to have had
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251:During Emperor Wu's reign
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57:
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23:
437:36 military strategies
649:Generals from Jiangsu
540:(脱帻投地曰：“乃复坏汝万里之长城！”)
502:. (永初二年，卒于京邑，时年五十六.)
443:general Wang Jingze (
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311:Empress Dowager Zhang
274:
250:
523:era of the reign of
498:era of the reign of
257:Emperor Gong of Jin
193:) against invading
110:traditional Chinese
36:between 368 and 394
500:Emperor Wu of Song
411:) and Gao Jinzhi (
149:During Jin Dynasty
102:simplified Chinese
639:Liu Song generals
525:Emperor An of Jin
175:Emperor An of Jin
78:
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70:: Daoji(道濟,dàojì)
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19:Tan Daoji 檀道济
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574:
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554:Book of Song
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541:
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517:Book of Song
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467:Book of Song
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290:Yellow River
286:Northern Wei
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254:
227:
168:
152:
121:
97:
96:
89:
82:Chinese name
441:Southern Qi
199:Western Shu
139:Emperor Wen
86:family name
59:Family name
629:436 deaths
623:Categories
569:, vol. 15.
453:References
430:Great Wall
261:Xu Xianzhi
143:Liu Yikang
68:Given name
423:Zhang Fei
306:Wang Hong
195:Later Qin
171:Huan Xuan
123:Tán Dàojì
98:Tan Daoji
579:, vols.
544:, vol.41
542:Song Shu
531:, vol.47
529:Song Shu
506:, vol.45
504:Song Shu
496:Yong'chu
481:, vol.05
479:Song Shu
388:Shandong
324:Yangzhou
294:Shandong
265:Fu Liang
245:Liu Yifu
238:Chang'an
177:in 403,
131:Liu Song
80:In this
559:vol. 43
475:Yuanjia
419:Guan Yu
362:Luoyang
345:Jiangxi
328:Jiangsu
282:Jiangsu
269:Xie Hui
234:Luoyang
230:Xuchang
128:Chinese
402:regent
370:Anyang
349:Fujian
179:Liu Yu
120::
118:pinyin
112::
104::
84:, the
471:jiwei
384:Jinan
374:Henan
366:Hulao
341:Hubei
298:Henan
53:Names
521:Yixi
421:and
364:and
347:and
232:and
197:and
41:Died
33:Born
613:135
609:123
605:122
601:121
597:120
593:119
589:118
585:117
581:115
446:王敬則
414:高進之
393:乙旃建
379:朱脩之
357:到彥之
351:).
336:劉義真
330:).
216:徐道覆
190:劉道規
114:檀道濟
106:檀道济
91:Tan
88:is
65:(檀)
63:Tan
44:436
625::
611:,
607:,
603:,
599:,
595:,
591:,
587:,
583:,
557:,
425:.
408:薛彤
386:,
372:,
326:,
267:,
263:,
247:.
222:盧循
210:桓謙
204:苟林
184:桓振
163:檀祗
157:檀韶
116:;
108:;
61::
615:.
561:.
154:(
100:(
94:.
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