2062:
631:
1456:
545:. The term is variously used to collectively describe all the Central Shonic varieties (comprising Zezuru, Manyika, Ndau, Korekore and Karanga) or specifically Standard Shona, a variety codified in the mid-20th century. Using the broader term, the language is spoken by over 14,000,000 people.
686:, was published in 1957. Subsequently, hundreds of novels, short story collections and poetry volumes in Shona have appeared. Shona is taught in the schools, but after the first few grades it is not the general medium of instruction for subjects other than Shona grammar and literature.
666:
that was codified during the early 20th century and fixed in the 1950s. In the 1920s, the
Rhodesian administration was faced with the challenge of preparing schoolbooks and other materials in the various languages and dialects and requested the recommendation of South African linguist
815:
is . Shona is written with a phonemic orthography, with only slightly different pronunciation or grammatical differences according to variety. Shona has two tones, a high and a low tone, but these tones are not indicated in the standard writing system.
791:, spoken in eastern Zimbabwe, near Mutare specifically Chipinge. Ndau literacy material has been introduced into primary schools. Maho (2009) recognizes Korekore, Zezuru, Manyika, Karanga, and Ndau as distinct languages within the Shona cluster.
694:
The last systematic study of varieties and sub-varieties of the
Central Shona dialect continuum was that done by Clement Doke in 1930, so many sub-varieties are no longer functional and should be treated with caution.
4558:
3299:
Vanhu vese vanoberekwa vakasununguka uyewo vakaenzana pahunhu nekodzero dzavo. Vanhu vese vanechipo chokufunga nekuziva chakaipa nechakanaka saka vanofanira kubatana nomweya wohusahwira.
603:
Ndau and
Kalanga are former dialects of Shona but became independent languages in 2013 because their grammar is very slightly less similar to those of Manyika, Korekore, and Zezuru.
4551:
3309:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
3944:
1553:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
4544:
1725:
3751:
3457:
4213:
710:. It is also mostly spoken in the Midlands province, most notably in Gutu, Masvingo, Mberengwa and Zvishavane districts. Some people refer it as Vhitori.
5447:
4572:
372:
1775:' - the apostrophe can be used after the character "n" to create a sound similar to the "-ng" from the English word "ping". An example word is
3937:
623:
3357:
4282:
581:
1434:
3744:
3698:
5531:
3656:
3643:
1472:
4206:
3409:
1720:
Whistled sibilants stirred interest among the
Western public and media in 2006, due to questions about how to pronounce the name of
783:
Languages with partial intelligibility with
Central Shona, of which the speakers are considered to be ethnically Shona, are the S15
5516:
3930:
3386:
1213:
1102:
1194:
1083:
431:
1476:
5526:
5511:
3737:
1416:
113:
5521:
5328:
4199:
3684:
1201:
1090:
3464:
5404:
4013:
1427:
946:
937:
133:
123:
118:
107:
5340:
5334:
5292:
4536:
3849:
3809:
1018:
1009:
5506:
4180:
1263:
441:
386:
273:
5501:
4619:
3998:
3953:
3824:
957:
291:
4595:
3712:
3538:
1360:
1288:
1281:
1207:
1169:
1096:
1060:
1049:
1040:
759:
741:
Subdialects: Shawasha, Gova, Mbire, Tsunga, Kachikwakwa, Harava, Nohwe, Njanja, Nobvu, Kwazvimba (Zvimba).
5438:
4888:
4439:
4353:
3967:
3760:
1392:
1322:
1313:
885:
2189:
In 1955, these were replaced by letters or digraphs from the basic Latin alphabet. For example, today
3344:
1331:
855:
391:
5322:
4776:
4770:
4660:
4505:
4358:
4222:
3911:
3692:
3342:
Mikael
Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in
2145:
771:
5215:
4625:
4333:
3774:
3494:
3399:
3361:
1338:
892:
880:
622:
5450:
is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.
4882:
4510:
4368:
4063:
3652:
3639:
3405:
1721:
1497:
907:
897:
851:
679:
128:
3678:
3401:
Perspectives Des Études
Africaines Contemporaines: Rapport Final D'un Symposium International
488:
5163:
5011:
4975:
4934:
4870:
4852:
4835:
4829:
4823:
4782:
4718:
4654:
4607:
4515:
4500:
4480:
4470:
4465:
4455:
4383:
4328:
4287:
4236:
4159:
4154:
4108:
4083:
4058:
4048:
4043:
4003:
3906:
3896:
3799:
3789:
1731:
847:
843:
839:
788:
607:
589:
577:
557:
502:
410:
406:
5369:
5363:
5316:
5209:
5203:
5197:
5145:
5139:
5082:
5070:
5053:
5047:
5041:
5035:
5029:
5023:
5017:
5005:
4999:
4993:
4946:
4940:
4928:
4894:
4794:
4788:
4706:
4568:
4520:
4495:
4490:
4475:
4460:
4398:
4393:
4378:
4373:
4348:
4318:
4308:
4272:
4257:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4088:
4078:
4038:
3891:
3834:
3829:
3708:
1501:
1382:
1302:
902:
593:
561:
549:
339:
329:
184:
143:
138:
99:
834:. This inventory is quite common cross-linguistically, with similar systems occurring in
5431:
5410:
5398:
5375:
5310:
5304:
5286:
5274:
5257:
5251:
5245:
5239:
5233:
5227:
5221:
5180:
5076:
4987:
4981:
4958:
4864:
4858:
4817:
4712:
4689:
4683:
4677:
4637:
4631:
4613:
4601:
4525:
4485:
4418:
4413:
4388:
4363:
4343:
4338:
4323:
4303:
4277:
4267:
4252:
4164:
4113:
4093:
4073:
4053:
4033:
4028:
4018:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3901:
3865:
3844:
3839:
3819:
3794:
3779:
3723:
3323:
2067:
2061:
1728:
in
Zimbabwe. The BBC Pronunciation Unit recommended the pronunciation "chang-girr-ayi"
926:
835:
716:
597:
585:
534:
209:
198:
634:
Teacher
Ignatio Chiyaka teaching the Shona language to U.S. Peace Corps volunteers in
361:
354:
5495:
5381:
5357:
5280:
5099:
4876:
4742:
4736:
4730:
4724:
4408:
4262:
4133:
4098:
4023:
4008:
3875:
3870:
3784:
3688:
3580:
1366:
1354:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
993:
982:
973:
800:
784:
416:
219:
214:
2144:
From 1931 to 1955, Unified Shona was written with an alphabet developed by linguist
2053:
The letters "L", "Q", and "X" are not used in Shona and are used only in loanwords.
5298:
5157:
4952:
4811:
4423:
4313:
4138:
4068:
3804:
3594:
1696:
668:
630:
573:
553:
538:
205:
76:
3458:"Just put your lips together and blow? The whistled fricatives of Southern Bantu"
419:-aga..-age)+ 99-AUT-ah (chiShanga)+ 99-AUT-ai (chiKalanga)+ 99-AUT-aj (chiNambya
3671:
3513:
1408:
729:
659:
403:
99-AUT-aa (standardised Shona)+ 99-AUT-ab (chiKorekore incl. varieties -aba to
17:
672:
639:
251:
54:
1690:
1512:
1508:
1181:
1070:
347:
301:
283:
265:
3922:
3438:
564:
classification of Bantu languages, zone S.10 designates the Shonic group.
334:
324:
317:
310:
830:
767:
728:(Chizezuru, Bazezuru, Bazuzura, Mazizuru, Vazezuru, Wazezuru). Spoken in
707:
542:
449:
437:
236:
58:
50:
3729:
3585:
Kuverenga Chishóna: an introductory Shona reader with grammatical sketch
27:
Bantu language of
Zimbabwe, Mozambique, parts of Zambia and South Africa
4922:
3481:
Clement M. Doke (1932). "Report on the unification of Shona dialects".
755:
663:
445:
4191:
3498:
2297:-, etc. Empty prefix units refer to words that do not require a prefix
825:
763:
751:
733:
635:
611:
2182:
2170:
750:(Northern Shona, Goba, Gova, Shangwe). Spoken in northern Zimbabwe,
3613:
The problems of standardizing spoken dialects: the Shona experience
3490:
2060:
1549:
671:. The language is now described through monolingual and bilingual
629:
621:
3717:
1496:
Shona and other languages of Southern and Eastern Africa include
3588:
3483:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London
2176:
2164:
2158:
2152:
5455:
Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates
4540:
4195:
3926:
3733:
3575:
A grammatical sketch of Shona : including historical notes
1469:
we need a better explanation & preferably some sound files.
1449:
1737:
715:
Subdialects: Duma, Jena, Mhari (Mari), Ngova, Venda (not the
405:-abk)+ 99-AUT-ac (chiZezuru -aca..-ack)+ 99-AUT-ad (north chi
1758:
1755:
1743:
779:
Subdialects: Gova, Tande, Tavara, Nyongwe, Pfunde, Shangwe.
517:
511:
548:
The larger group of historically related languages—called
508:
448:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3704:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1465:
needs attention from an expert in Languages or Africa
90:
5.50 million Zezuru, Karanga, Chimanyika, Korekore (2000)
3313:(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)
2327:) e.g. words in class 5 have accordance of the marker -
2240:) e.g. words found in class 1 and 2 describe a person:
803:. Consonants belong to the next syllable. For example,
2306:) e.g. words found in class 8 are plurals of class 7:
514:
1752:
5390:
5349:
5266:
5189:
5172:
5119:
5112:
5091:
5062:
4967:
4914:
4907:
4844:
4803:
4762:
4755:
4698:
4669:
4646:
4587:
4580:
4448:
4432:
4296:
4245:
4229:
4173:
4147:
3976:
3960:
3884:
3858:
3767:
1734:
505:
484:
476:
468:
460:
385:
369:
345:
299:
281:
263:
258:
242:
230:
225:
195:
172:
96:
82:
72:
64:
46:
32:
3543:African Studies Center - African Languages at Penn
3539:"Dzidzai Shona pa Kombiyuta - The Shona Alphabet"
1554:Extensions to the International Phonetic Alphabet
787:, spoken in Mozambique and Zimbabwe, and the S13
3699:Basic Shona language course (book + audio files)
3651:, Afro Asiatic Languages Edition, Sept 5, 2000,
3638:, Afro Asiatic Languages Edition, Sept 5, 2000,
3568:A Shona dictionary with an outline Shona grammar
706:(Chikaranga). Spoken in southern Zimbabwe, near
3599:Report on the unification of the Shona dialects
858:even if they fall in succession. For example,
4552:
4207:
3938:
3745:
2312:("schools") in class 8 is the plural form of
1781:, which is the word for a traditional healer.
658:Shona is a written standard language with an
421:-aja..-ajc)+ 99-AUT-ak (chiLilima -aka..-akf)
88:6.5 million, Shona proper (2000 to 2007)
8:
5479:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)
5474:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)
5469:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)
5464:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)
5459:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)
3695:, with audio and translations into English.
3514:"Shona word n'anga in the Shona Dictionary"
3297:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3171:
3162:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2964:
2957:
2950:
2943:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2763:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2640:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2460:
2451:
2433:
2426:
2419:
2412:
2382:
2367:
2361:
2356:
2350:
2345:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2313:
2307:
2301:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2259:
2253:
2247:
2241:
2235:
2225:
2215:
2044:
2035:
2026:
2017:
2008:
1999:
1990:
1981:
1972:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1918:
1909:
1900:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1801:
1792:
1776:
1726:Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai
1707:
1682:
1664:
1646:
1629:
1611:
1593:
1575:
1560:
1538:
859:
810:
804:
649:
643:
38:
5116:
4911:
4759:
4584:
4559:
4545:
4537:
4214:
4200:
4192:
3945:
3931:
3923:
3752:
3738:
3730:
3463:. University of California. Archived from
698:According to information from Ethnologue:
29:
3705:Biblical study material in Shona language
3381:
3379:
2375:
1699:. Only found in Ngova, Karanga dialect.
1517:
874:
3649:Duramazwi: A Shona - English Dictionary
3335:
2224:Shona nouns are grouped by noun class (
864:? ("Where do you go?") is pronounced .
442:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
401:
3707:(publications, video and audio files,
3570:(revised edition). The Jesuit Fathers.
1479:may be able to help recruit an expert.
626:Knowledge (XXG) in the Shona language.
457:
314: – Zezuru, Karanga, Korekore
92:5.8 million incl. Manyika, (2000–2006)
3606:Shona Grammatical Constructions Vol 1
2378:
877:
829:
171:
7:
3358:"Ethnologue report for Shona (S.10)"
2273:) e.g. words in class 1 have prefix
1500:, (this should not be confused with
3701:USA Foreign Service Institute (FSI)
1507:Shona's whistled sibilants are the
872:The consonant sounds of Shona are:
568:Languages that are related to Shona
413:-aea..-aeg)+ 99-AUT-af (chiKaranga
409:-ada..-adk)+ 99-AUT-ae (central chi
5437:Languages between parentheses are
3624:Le shona et les shonas du Zimbabwe
3426:The Linguistics Student’s Handbook
25:
3672:"The History of the Shona People"
1433:
1426:
1415:
1391:
1365:
1353:
1337:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1287:
1280:
1262:
1253:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1212:
1200:
1193:
1168:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1101:
1089:
1082:
1059:
1048:
1039:
1017:
1008:
992:
981:
972:
956:
945:
936:
3636:Basic English – Shona dictionary
1730:
1454:
809:("morning") is syllabified as ;
732:east and central Zimbabwe, near
501:
3387:New Updated Guthrie List Online
2333:- with pronouns and modifiers:
2148:. This included these letters:
5441:of the language on their left.
3404:. Deutsche UNESCO-Kommission.
3398:Haberland, Eike (3 May 1974).
321: – Tavara (Korekore)
1:
638:, Zimbabwe. The words on the
1603:(Shangwe, Korekore dialect)
572:Shona is closely related to
2300:Singular and plural forms (
1548:"sv" can be represented by
1467:. The specific problem is:
854:. Each vowel is pronounced
675:(chiefly Shona – English).
552:by linguists—also includes
415:-afa..-aff)+ 99-AUT-ag (chi
5548:
678:The first novel in Shona,
5532:Languages of South Africa
5423:
3414:– via Google Books.
2395:
2390:
2381:
1695:
1656:(Gova, Korekore dialect)
1636:"he/she was unsuccessful"
1621:(Tsunga, Zezuru dialect)
1547:
1534:
1407:
1381:
1301:
1180:
1069:
925:
906:
901:
896:
891:
884:
879:
606:Shona is also similar to
550:Shona or Shonic languages
428:
232:Official language in
37:
4181:Mozambican Sign Language
3679:Pan African Localization
3604:Fortune, George (1985).
3573:Brauner, Sigmund (1995)
3385:Jouni Filip Maho, 2009.
736:. The standard language.
5517:Languages of Mozambique
3954:Languages of Mozambique
3626:, Harmattan éd., Paris
3587:(2nd edition). London:
5448:Guthrie classification
4573:Guthrie classification
3622:Lafon, Michel (1995),
3601:. Stephen Austin Sons.
3577:. Köln: Rüdiger Koppe.
3298:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3208:
3201:
3194:
3187:
3172:
3163:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2893:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2821:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2461:
2452:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2413:
2383:
2368:
2362:
2357:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2318:("school") in class 7.
2314:
2308:
2302:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2269:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2226:
2216:
2071:
2045:
2036:
2027:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1964:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1928:
1919:
1910:
1901:
1892:
1883:
1874:
1865:
1856:
1847:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1793:
1777:
1708:
1683:
1665:
1647:
1630:
1612:
1594:
1576:
1561:
1539:
1511:"sv" and "zv" and the
860:
811:
805:
655:
650:
644:
627:
530:
430:This article contains
39:
5527:Languages of Zimbabwe
5512:Languages of Botswana
4440:Zambian Sign Language
3761:Languages of Zimbabwe
3726:Table of Noun Classes
3611:Mutasa, David (1996)
2065:Shona version of the
2064:
1473:WikiProject Languages
824:Shona has a simple 5-
633:
625:
4297:Indigenous languages
3977:Indigenous languages
3859:Unofficial languages
3512:Ndambakuwa, Victor.
3424:Laurie Bauer, 2007,
3345:Nationalencyklopedin
3293:Sample text in Shona
3007:"those little dogs"
2396:English translation
2344:("this crocodile"),
2185:(z with swash tail).
2173:(s with swash tail),
1724:, the leader of the
560:(Western Shona). In
556:(Eastern Shona) and
5522:Languages of Zambia
4661:Mwera of Mbamba Bay
4449:Immigrant languages
4223:Languages of Zambia
4148:Immigrant languages
3885:Immigrant languages
3713:Jehovah's Witnesses
3693:Chirikure Chirikure
3566:Biehler, E. (1950)
3364:on 19 February 2015
2146:Clement Martyn Doke
2057:Letter combinations
831:[a,e,i,o,u]
648:("dress self") and
244:Recognised minority
5293:(Northern) Ndebele
4246:Regional languages
3775:Zimbabwean English
3768:Official languages
2971:"that little dog"
2199:⟨zv⟩
2191:⟨sv⟩
2072:
1770:Special characters
1477:WikiProject Africa
1446:Whistled sibilants
799:Shona allows only
656:
628:
580:and is related to
5487:
5486:
5432:extinct languages
5419:
5418:
5108:
5107:
5077:North-West Herero
4903:
4902:
4751:
4750:
4534:
4533:
4230:Official language
4189:
4188:
3961:Official language
3920:
3919:
3456:Ryan K. Shorsed.
3290:
3289:
2393:Prefix+body=word
2391:Word construction
2388:("word example")
2384:Muenzaniso weIzwi
2366:("this baboon");
2246:("person") is in
2203:⟨ɀ⟩
2195:⟨ȿ⟩
1722:Morgan Tsvangirai
1718:
1717:
1674:(Standard Shona)
1585:(Standard Shona)
1545:"shooting stars"
1515:"tsv" and "dzv".
1494:
1493:
1443:
1442:
1350:
1309:
1273:
1227:
1188:
1157:
1116:
1077:
1036:
1005:
969:
933:
921:
916:
680:Solomon Mutswairo
494:
493:
456:
455:
438:rendering support
434:phonetic symbols.
358: Core Shona
16:(Redirected from
5539:
5341:Sumayela Ndebele
5117:
5054:Kolonkadhi-Eunda
4912:
4760:
4585:
4571:(Zones N–S) (by
4561:
4554:
4547:
4538:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4193:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3924:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3731:
3724:Mipanda Yemazita
3720:Shona Dictionary
3718:Shona Dictionary
3685:Example of Shona
3675:
3629:
3617:Language Matters
3608:. Mercury Press.
3595:Doke, Clement M.
3554:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3524:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3478:
3472:
3471:
3470:on 29 June 2011.
3469:
3462:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3435:
3429:
3422:
3416:
3415:
3395:
3389:
3383:
3374:
3373:
3371:
3369:
3360:. Archived from
3354:
3348:
3340:
3301:
3283:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3175:
3166:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3112:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3055:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3004:
2997:
2990:
2983:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2932:
2925:
2918:
2911:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2788:
2781:
2774:
2767:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2680:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2623:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2575:"father-in-law"
2572:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2464:
2455:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2386:
2376:
2371:
2365:
2360:
2355:("this stone"),
2354:
2349:
2343:
2338:
2332:
2326:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2278:
2272:
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2229:
2219:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1994:
1985:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1922:
1913:
1904:
1895:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1780:
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1711:
1686:
1668:
1650:
1633:
1615:
1597:
1579:
1564:
1542:
1518:
1498:whistling sounds
1489:
1486:
1480:
1458:
1457:
1450:
1437:
1430:
1419:
1395:
1369:
1362:
1357:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1291:
1284:
1271:
1266:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1225:
1216:
1209:
1204:
1197:
1186:
1172:
1155:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1114:
1105:
1098:
1093:
1086:
1075:
1063:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1021:
1012:
1003:
996:
985:
976:
967:
960:
949:
940:
931:
919:
914:
875:
863:
833:
814:
808:
789:Manyika language
653:
647:
524:
523:
520:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
458:
381:
375:
364:
357:
337:
327:
320:
313:
304:
295:
294:
286:
277:
276:
268:
246:language in
201:
134:Southern Bantoid
102:
42:
30:
21:
5547:
5546:
5542:
5541:
5540:
5538:
5537:
5536:
5507:Shona languages
5492:
5491:
5488:
5483:
5415:
5386:
5345:
5262:
5185:
5168:
5104:
5087:
5083:Botswana Herero
5058:
4963:
4899:
4889:Lomwe of Malawi
4840:
4799:
4747:
4694:
4665:
4642:
4638:Ngoni of Malawi
4576:
4569:Bantu languages
4565:
4535:
4530:
4444:
4428:
4292:
4241:
4225:
4220:
4190:
4185:
4169:
4143:
3972:
3956:
3951:
3921:
3916:
3880:
3854:
3763:
3758:
3681:report on Shona
3670:
3667:
3627:
3563:
3558:
3557:
3547:
3545:
3537:
3536:
3532:
3522:
3520:
3518:VaShona Project
3511:
3510:
3506:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3467:
3460:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3423:
3419:
3412:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3384:
3377:
3367:
3365:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3341:
3337:
3332:
3320:
3295:
2392:
2387:
2303:Uwandu neushoma
2258:("girl") is in
2211:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2142:
2059:
1788:
1772:
1733:
1729:
1502:whistled speech
1490:
1484:
1481:
1471:
1459:
1455:
1448:
887:
870:
822:
797:
692:
620:
570:
504:
500:
436:Without proper
424:
420:
414:
404:
400:
399:
379:
376:
371:
360:
359:
353:
333:
332:
323:
322:
316:
315:
309:
308:
300:
290:
289:
282:
272:
271:
264:
254:
247:
245:
233:
226:Official status
218:
213:
202:
197:
168:
144:Shona languages
103:
100:Language family
98:
91:
89:
85:
84:Native speakers
68:Southern Africa
28:
23:
22:
18:Tawara language
15:
12:
11:
5:
5545:
5543:
5535:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5502:Shona language
5494:
5493:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5452:
5451:
5443:
5442:
5435:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5416:
5414:
5413:
5407:
5401:
5394:
5392:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5378:
5372:
5366:
5360:
5353:
5351:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5343:
5337:
5331:
5325:
5319:
5313:
5307:
5301:
5295:
5289:
5283:
5277:
5270:
5268:
5264:
5263:
5261:
5260:
5254:
5248:
5242:
5236:
5230:
5224:
5218:
5212:
5206:
5200:
5193:
5191:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5183:
5176:
5174:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5160:
5154:
5148:
5142:
5136:
5130:
5123:
5121:
5114:
5110:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5095:
5093:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5085:
5079:
5073:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5056:
5050:
5044:
5038:
5032:
5026:
5020:
5014:
5008:
5002:
4996:
4990:
4984:
4978:
4971:
4969:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4961:
4955:
4949:
4943:
4937:
4931:
4925:
4918:
4916:
4909:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4897:
4891:
4885:
4879:
4873:
4867:
4861:
4855:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4838:
4832:
4826:
4820:
4814:
4807:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4791:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4766:
4764:
4757:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4739:
4733:
4727:
4721:
4715:
4709:
4702:
4700:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4686:
4680:
4673:
4671:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4663:
4657:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4634:
4628:
4622:
4616:
4610:
4604:
4598:
4591:
4589:
4582:
4578:
4577:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4556:
4549:
4541:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4436:
4434:
4433:Sign languages
4430:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4300:
4298:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4226:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4196:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4177:
4175:
4174:Sign languages
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4144:
4142:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3957:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3927:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3721:
3715:
3702:
3696:
3682:
3676:
3666:
3665:External links
3663:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3659:
3657:978-0869220146
3646:
3644:978-0869220146
3630:
3620:
3609:
3602:
3592:
3578:
3571:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3530:
3504:
3473:
3448:
3430:
3417:
3410:
3390:
3375:
3349:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3324:Shona calendar
3319:
3316:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3216:
3215:
3214:"in the farm"
3212:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3169:
3167:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3045:
3044:
3043:"mealie meal"
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2854:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2541:
2540:
2539:"best friend"
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2465:
2458:
2456:
2449:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2389:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2319:
2298:
2265:
2214:Noun classes (
2210:
2207:
2187:
2186:
2180:
2179:(v with hook),
2174:
2168:
2162:
2161:(d with hook),
2156:
2155:(b with hook),
2141:
2138:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2068:Book of Mormon
2058:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1978:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1816:
1807:
1798:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1771:
1768:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:"gold nuggets"
1616:
1613:zvizvuvhutswa'
1609:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:masvavembasvwi
1591:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1557:
1556:
1546:
1543:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1492:
1491:
1462:
1460:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1413:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1363:
1358:
1351:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1310:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1210:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1140:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1046:
1044:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1015:
1013:
1006:
1000:
999:
997:
990:
988:
986:
979:
977:
970:
964:
963:
961:
954:
952:
950:
943:
941:
934:
929:
923:
922:
917:
911:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
883:
878:
869:
866:
821:
818:
801:open syllables
796:
793:
781:
780:
776:
775:
743:
742:
738:
737:
721:
720:
717:Venda language
712:
711:
691:
688:
619:
616:
569:
566:
535:Bantu language
492:
491:
486:
482:
481:
478:
474:
473:
470:
466:
465:
462:
454:
453:
440:, you may see
426:
425:
423:
422:
397:
396:
395:
389:
383:
382:
377:
370:
367:
366:
351:
343:
342:
340:Tewe (Manyika)
305:
297:
296:
287:
279:
278:
269:
261:
260:
259:Language codes
256:
255:
250:
248:
243:
240:
239:
234:
231:
228:
227:
223:
222:
210:Shona alphabet
203:
199:Writing system
196:
193:
192:
191:
190:
187:
182:
179:
174:
170:
169:
167:
166:
165:
164:
163:
162:
161:
160:
159:
158:
157:
156:
155:
154:
153:
152:
114:Atlantic–Congo
106:
104:
97:
94:
93:
86:
83:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
48:
47:Native to
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5544:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5499:
5497:
5490:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5454:
5453:
5449:
5445:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5422:
5412:
5408:
5406:
5402:
5400:
5396:
5395:
5393:
5389:
5383:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5371:
5367:
5365:
5361:
5359:
5355:
5354:
5352:
5348:
5342:
5338:
5336:
5335:South Ndebele
5332:
5330:
5326:
5324:
5320:
5318:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5306:
5302:
5300:
5296:
5294:
5290:
5288:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5276:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5265:
5259:
5255:
5253:
5249:
5247:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5235:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5223:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5211:
5207:
5205:
5201:
5199:
5195:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5182:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5171:
5165:
5161:
5159:
5155:
5153:
5149:
5147:
5143:
5141:
5137:
5135:
5131:
5129:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5118:
5115:
5111:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5094:
5090:
5084:
5080:
5078:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5067:
5065:
5061:
5055:
5051:
5049:
5045:
5043:
5039:
5037:
5033:
5031:
5027:
5025:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5013:
5009:
5007:
5003:
5001:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4977:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4960:
4956:
4954:
4950:
4948:
4944:
4942:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4924:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4910:
4906:
4896:
4892:
4890:
4886:
4884:
4880:
4878:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4866:
4862:
4860:
4856:
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4825:
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4710:
4708:
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4703:
4701:
4697:
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4685:
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4675:
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4668:
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4617:
4615:
4611:
4609:
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4603:
4599:
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4562:
4557:
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4479:
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4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
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4453:
4451:
4447:
4441:
4438:
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4431:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
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4250:
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4238:
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4234:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4217:
4212:
4210:
4205:
4203:
4198:
4197:
4194:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4163:
4161:
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4153:
4152:
4150:
4146:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
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4037:
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4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3969:
3966:
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3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3857:
3851:
3850:Zimbabwe Sign
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3755:
3750:
3748:
3743:
3741:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:page on poet
3690:
3689:Lyrikline.org
3686:
3683:
3680:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3581:Carter, Hazel
3579:
3576:
3572:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3544:
3540:
3534:
3531:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3505:
3500:
3496:
3493:: 1097–1099.
3492:
3488:
3484:
3477:
3474:
3466:
3459:
3452:
3449:
3444:
3440:
3434:
3431:
3427:
3421:
3418:
3413:
3411:9783794052257
3407:
3403:
3402:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3339:
3336:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3300:
3292:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3151:"rural home"
3150:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2910:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2762:
2759:
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2754:
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2744:
2740:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2726:
2723:
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2718:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2697:
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2679:
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2672:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2658:
2654:
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2650:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2589:
2586:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2499:
2495:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2385:
2377:
2372:means 'this'.
2370:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2337:
2331:
2325:
2324:Sungawirirano
2320:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2283:
2277:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2167:(n with leg),
2166:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2139:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2063:
2056:
2054:
2047:
2042:
2038:
2033:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1871:
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1822:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1804:
1799:
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1789:
1785:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1697:Dental clicks
1692:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1670:
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1663:
1660:
1659:
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1519:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1488:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1463:This section
1461:
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1401:
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1390:
1388:
1386:
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1380:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1352:
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1343:
1340:
1336:
1333:
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1327:
1324:
1320:
1318:
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1311:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1297:
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1293:
1290:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1002:
1001:
998:
995:
991:
989:
987:
984:
980:
978:
975:
971:
966:
965:
962:
959:
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953:
951:
948:
944:
942:
939:
935:
930:
928:
924:
918:
913:
912:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
882:
876:
873:
867:
865:
862:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
832:
827:
819:
817:
813:
807:
802:
794:
792:
790:
786:
785:Ndau language
778:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:
740:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
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713:
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705:
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696:
689:
687:
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676:
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641:
637:
632:
624:
617:
615:
613:
609:
604:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
567:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
522:
498:
490:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
433:
427:
418:
412:
408:
402:
393:
390:
388:
384:
378:
374:
368:
365: Tawara
363:
356:
352:
350:
349:
344:
341:
338: –
336:
331:
328: –
326:
319:
312:
306:
303:
298:
293:
288:
285:
280:
275:
270:
267:
262:
257:
253:
249:
241:
238:
235:
229:
224:
221:
220:Shona Braille
216:
215:Arabic script
211:
207:
204:
200:
194:
188:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
175:
151:
148:
147:
145:
142:
141:
140:
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127:
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87:
81:
78:
75:
71:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
49:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
5489:
5427:
5151:
5133:
5127:
4403:
4354:Mambwe-Lungu
4103:
3814:
3709:online bible
3648:
3635:
3623:
3616:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3584:
3574:
3567:
3561:Bibliography
3546:. Retrieved
3542:
3533:
3521:. Retrieved
3517:
3507:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3465:the original
3451:
3442:
3433:
3425:
3420:
3400:
3393:
3366:. Retrieved
3362:the original
3352:
3343:
3338:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3304:
3303:
3296:
2755:"scorpions"
2291:-, class 11
2285:-, class 10
2270:Chivakashure
2230:) based on:
2223:
2213:
2212:
2201:is used for
2193:is used for
2188:
2143:
2140:Old alphabet
2066:
2052:
1719:
1648:huzvweverere
1552:͎, from the
1506:
1495:
1482:
1468:
1464:
1272:prenasalized
1156:prenasalized
1035:prenasalized
871:
861:Unoenda kupi
823:
798:
782:
747:
725:
703:
697:
693:
683:
677:
673:dictionaries
669:Clement Doke
657:
605:
602:
571:
547:
539:Shona people
526:
496:
495:
429:
387:Linguasphere
373:Guthrie code
346:
206:Latin script
149:
77:Shona people
4743:Sena-Malawi
3628:(in French)
3548:10 December
3523:30 November
3428:, Edinburgh
3368:19 February
3305:Translation
2719:"scorpion"
2556:vanatezvara
2379:Noun class
2321:Agreement (
2279:-, class 8
1714:"tortoise"
1540:masvosvobwa
1527:translation
1485:August 2008
1409:Approximant
730:Mashonaland
660:orthography
618:Instruction
444:instead of
124:Benue–Congo
119:Volta-Congo
108:Niger–Congo
5496:Categories
5323:Nhlangwini
5299:Old Mfengu
5240:Phalaborwa
5036:Dombondola
4771:Ndengereko
4506:Portuguese
4359:Mbamba Bay
3968:Portuguese
3912:Portuguese
3443:Ethnologue
3330:References
3286:"big boy"
2237:Zvaanoreva
2234:Meanings (
1709:chisvcamba
1671:"to dodge"
1653:"emotions"
1513:affricates
1509:fricatives
868:Consonants
856:separately
806:mangwanani
719:), Govera.
654:("shirt").
640:blackboard
307:Variously:
252:Mozambique
217:(formerly)
55:Mozambique
5439:varieties
5430:indicate
5216:Khalaxadi
5048:Kwaluudhi
5024:Ndongwena
4994:Ngandyera
4626:Ndendeule
4334:Lala-Bisa
3632:D. Dale:
3231:svimbudzi
2899:"houses"
2520:vasahwira
2467:"father"
1691:Milky Way
1600:"schemer"
1475: or
1187:voiceless
1182:Fricative
1076:voiceless
1071:Affricate
1004:implosive
932:voiceless
795:Phonology
772:Centenary
760:Mt Darwin
690:Varieties
562:Guthrie's
348:Glottolog
302:ISO 639-3
284:ISO 639-2
266:ISO 639-1
73:Ethnicity
5128:Korekore
5018:Mbalanhu
4976:Kwanyama
4690:Manganja
4511:Japanese
4384:Nkangala
4369:Mbukushu
4064:Nathembo
3999:Chitonga
3994:Chichopi
3785:Chibarwe
3619:, 27, 79
3318:See also
3267:zigomana
3178:"below"
3079:"going"
2935:"river"
2863:"house"
2827:"bread"
2791:"bread"
2683:"trees"
2570:-tezvara
2534:-sahwira
2484:vakomana
2421:mukomana
2267:Prefix (
2255:musikana
2081:dzv - }}
1786:Alphabet
1684:muzvcazi
1562:masvosve
920:whistled
893:Alveolar
881:Bilabial
852:Japanese
828:system:
812:Zimbabwe
768:Chiweshe
748:Korekore
708:Masvingo
543:Zimbabwe
531:chiShona
480:chiShona
477:Language
450:Help:IPA
392:99-AUT-a
362:tawa1270
355:core1255
237:Zimbabwe
178:Korekore
173:Dialects
59:Botswana
51:Zimbabwe
40:chiShona
5428:Italics
5382:Hlengwe
5164:Kalanga
5152:Karanga
5140:Manyika
5030:Kwankwa
5012:Mbandja
4935:Nyaneka
4923:Umbundu
4824:Makonde
4783:Matumbi
4719:Nyungwe
4655:Tumbuka
4608:Matengo
4567:Narrow
4516:Russian
4501:Chinese
4481:Italian
4471:Spanish
4466:Punjabi
4456:English
4329:Kwangwa
4288:Tumbuka
4237:English
4160:Punjabi
4155:English
4109:Swahili
4084:Nyungwe
4059:Manyika
4049:Makonde
4044:Makhuwa
4019:Kimwani
4014:Gitonga
4004:Chuwabu
3907:Chinese
3897:Punjabi
3810:Ndebele
3790:Kalanga
3597:(1931)
3583:(1986)
3439:"Shona"
3281:-gomana
3250:"goat"
3245:-mbudzi
3195:mumunda
3132:kumusha
3115:"home"
2808:zvingwa
2772:chingwa
2647:"tree"
2611:"aunt"
2503:"boys"
2498:-komana
2435:-komana
2401:Prefix
2315:chikoro
2309:zvikoro
2261:mupanda
2249:mupanda
2227:mupanda
2217:mupanda
2209:Grammar
1666:nzvenga
1631:akadzva
1582:"sweep"
1577:tsvaira
1567:"ants"
1524:example
1349:breathy
1226:breathy
1115:breathy
968:breathy
927:Plosive
908:Glottal
898:Palatal
848:Swahili
844:Tagalog
840:Spanish
756:Bindura
704:Karanga
664:grammar
608:Swahili
590:Tumbuka
578:Kalanga
558:Kalanga
537:of the
533:) is a
489:MaShona
485:Country
472:VaShona
464:MuShona
446:Unicode
411:Manyika
407:Manyika
330:Manyika
189:Karanga
185:Manyika
129:Bantoid
5409:[S611
5380:[S511
5370:Tsonga
5364:Gwamba
5317:Phuthi
5297:[S401
5258:Pulana
5246:Kutswe
5238:[S301
5228:Lobedu
5210:Ngwatu
5204:Kgatla
5198:Tswana
5134:Zezuru
5113:Zone S
5075:[R311
5071:Herero
5042:Esinga
5000:Kafima
4998:[R211
4988:Kwambi
4982:Ndonga
4947:Kuvale
4945:[R101
4941:Khumbi
4929:Ndombe
4908:Zone R
4895:Moniga
4883:Sakati
4875:[P311
4836:Mabiha
4830:Ndonde
4795:Mbunga
4789:Ngindo
4756:Zone P
4741:[N441
4707:Nsenga
4678:Nyanja
4659:[N201
4624:[N101
4581:Zone N
4521:Danish
4496:Arabic
4491:Hebrew
4476:German
4461:French
4399:Shanjo
4394:Nsenga
4379:Mwanga
4374:Mbunda
4349:Luyana
4319:Kuhane
4309:Chokwe
4278:Nyanja
4273:Luvale
4258:Kaonde
4129:Tsonga
4119:Tawara
4089:Phimbi
4079:Nsenga
4039:Maindo
3892:French
3835:Tswana
3830:Tsonga
3800:Nambya
3795:Koisan
3655:
3642:
3499:606944
3497:
3408:
3209:-munda
3146:-musha
3060:kuenda
2988:tumbwa
2952:kambwa
2880:dzimba
2736:marize
2440:"boy"
2252:1 and
2129:tsv -
2114:nzv -
2090:mbw -
1778:n'anga
1530:notes
888:dental
886:Labio-
826:vowels
820:Vowels
764:Guruve
752:Mvurwi
734:Harare
726:Zezuru
636:Zhombe
612:Tswana
594:Tsonga
469:People
461:Person
380:S.7–10
181:Zezuru
146:(S.10)
65:Region
5411:Lenge
5405:Tonga
5376:Ronga
5339:S408
5333:S407
5327:S406
5321:S405
5315:S404
5311:Hlubi
5309:S403
5305:Bhaca
5303:S402
5287:Swati
5275:Xhosa
5256:S304
5250:S303
5244:S302
5234:Sotho
5226:S32b
5220:S32a
5214:S31d
5208:S31c
5202:S31b
5196:S31a
5181:Venda
5144:S13b
5138:S13a
5081:R312
5052:R242
5046:R241
5040:R218
5034:R217
5028:R216
5022:R215
5016:R214
5010:R213
5006:Evale
5004:R212
4959:Mbali
4957:R103
4953:Kwisi
4951:R102
4893:P341
4887:P331
4881:P312
4871:Cuabo
4865:Ngulu
4859:Lomwe
4853:Makua
4818:Mwera
4777:Ruihi
4737:Podzo
4713:Kunda
4688:N31c
4682:N31b
4676:N31a
4636:N121
4632:Nindi
4630:N102
4620:Tonga
4614:Mpoto
4602:Ngoni
4596:Manda
4526:Dutch
4486:Hindi
4419:Wanda
4414:Tabwa
4404:Shona
4389:Nkoya
4364:Mbowe
4344:Lenje
4339:Lamba
4324:Kunda
4304:Bwile
4283:Tonga
4268:Lunda
4253:Bemba
4165:Hindi
4114:Swati
4104:Shona
4094:Ronga
4074:Ngoni
4054:Makwe
4034:Lomwe
4029:Kunda
3989:Chewa
3984:Barwe
3902:Hindi
3866:Kunda
3845:Xhosa
3840:Venda
3825:Tonga
3820:Sotho
3815:Shona
3780:Chewa
3711:) by
3495:JSTOR
3491:JSTOR
3489:(4).
3468:(PDF)
3461:(PDF)
3173:-zasi
3096:pamba
3074:-enda
3002:-mbwa
2966:-mbwa
2916:rwizi
2822:-ngwa
2786:-ngwa
2606:-tete
2592:atete
2563:vana-
2462:-baba
2404:Body
2347:dombo
2336:garwe
2243:munhu
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1303:Nasal
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1137:d͡z̤ᵝ
915:plain
903:Velar
836:Greek
651:hembe
645:pfeka
598:Venda
586:Chewa
582:Tonga
527:Shona
497:Shona
150:Shona
139:Bantu
33:Shona
5446:The
5403:S62
5399:Copi
5397:S61
5374:S54
5368:S53
5362:S52
5358:Tswa
5356:S51
5329:Lala
5291:S44
5285:S43
5281:Zulu
5279:S42
5273:S41
5232:S33
5222:Pedi
5179:S21
5162:S16
5158:Ndau
5156:S15
5150:S14
5146:Tebe
5132:S12
5126:S11
5098:R41
5069:R31
4992:R24
4986:R23
4980:R22
4974:R21
4939:R14
4933:R13
4927:R12
4921:R11
4877:Koti
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4863:P33
4857:P32
4851:P31
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4828:P24
4822:P23
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4735:N46
4729:N45
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4711:N42
4705:N41
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4653:N21
4618:N15
4612:N14
4606:N13
4600:N12
4594:N11
4409:Soli
4263:Lozi
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4124:Tewe
4099:Sena
4069:Ndau
4024:Koti
4009:Dema
3876:Lozi
3871:Tswa
3805:Ndau
3653:ISBN
3640:ISBN
3589:SOAS
3550:2020
3525:2021
3406:ISBN
3370:2015
3238:svi-
3164:zasi
3156:17a
3110:-mba
3038:-pfu
3024:upfu
2930:-izi
2894:-mba
2887:dzi-
2858:-mba
2844:imba
2815:zvi-
2779:chi-
2700:rize
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4804:P20
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4731:Rue
4699:N40
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