67:
1950:
290:
In the mid-1940s there was an outbreak of pig disease in US, called transmissible gastroenteritis, which was characterised mainly by diarrhoea and vomiting. It was suspected to be a viral infection and was highly fatal among young pigs. Leo P. Doyle and L. M. Hutchings reported the case in the
42:
647:"The nucleotide sequence of the peplomer gene of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV): comparison with the sequence of the peplomer protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV)"
312:
There was another case of coronavirus infection in cats in 1966. The virus caused inflammation of the abdomen (peritonitis) and was highly fatal. The virus was identified in 1968, and was named as
469:"Studies on transmissible gastroenteritis of swine I. The isolation and identification of a cytopathogenic virus of transmissible gastroenteritis in primary swine kidney cell cultures"
1453:
902:
696:"Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against feline infectious peritonitis virus type II and antigenic relationship between feline, porcine, and canine coronaviruses"
2028:
1559:
1190:
1944:
296:
2041:
295:
in 1946. The virus was identified and isolated by A. W. McClurkin in 1965. The
International Committee for the Nomenclature of Viruses (ICNV, later renamed
1081:
594:
760:
328:
As the molecular and antigenic relationship of the three viruses were later established in the late 1980s, ICTV merged them into a single species
320:
in 1999. In 1974 there was an outbreak of viral infection among US military dogs. The virus was identified as a coronavirus and the formal name
399:
1088:
382:
Fehr AR, Perlman S (2015). "Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis". In Maier HJ, Bickerton E, Britton P (eds.).
1295:
245:
215:
1479:
1472:
266:
Member viruses were first recognised as viruses that caused transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs in 1965. It was originally named
1804:
1516:
1023:
1953:
1125:
1118:
2069:
1581:
1523:
1360:
1016:
1680:
1509:
1290:
279:
2074:
1825:
753:
66:
2046:
1464:
256:
1797:
1553:
1388:
2089:
1818:
2006:
1968:
1717:
1569:
1459:
1446:
1367:
1352:
1183:
746:
260:
2084:
2079:
1949:
1724:
895:
61:
618:
Binn, L. N.; Lazar, E. C.; Keenan, K. P.; Huxsoll, D. L.; Marchwicki, R. H.; Strano, A. J. (1974).
49:
1374:
1347:
1285:
1280:
832:
576:
537:
358:
241:
237:
210:
205:
2033:
2015:
1811:
1710:
1576:
1341:
725:
676:
627:
529:
490:
449:
415:
395:
556:
509:
1744:
1627:
842:
715:
707:
666:
658:
568:
521:
480:
405:
387:
163:
1380:
1316:
813:
801:
127:
720:
695:
671:
646:
485:
468:
410:
278:
in cats, the three virus species were merged into a single species in 2009. The strain
252:
2063:
1638:
1002:
918:
789:
771:
662:
151:
103:
645:
Jacobs, L.; de Groot, R.; van der Zeijst, B. A.; Horzinek, M. C.; Spaan, W. (1987).
580:
541:
1841:
1783:
1539:
1432:
1169:
1141:
1067:
1039:
946:
795:
115:
2020:
557:"Ultrastructural evidence for the viral etiology of feline infectious peritonitis"
1991:
620:"Recovery and characterization of a coronavirus from military dogs with diarrhea"
2000:
1882:
1755:
1666:
1495:
1404:
1327:
1262:
1234:
1206:
1104:
974:
881:
853:
807:
738:
391:
233:
175:
139:
572:
525:
437:
1696:
1606:
1564:
619:
783:
91:
494:
453:
419:
17:
729:
680:
631:
624:
Proceedings, Annual
Meeting of the United States Animal Health Association
533:
41:
1985:
1586:
386:. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 1282. Springer. pp. 1–23.
711:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1962:
78:
555:
Zook, B. C.; King, N. W.; Robison, R. L.; McCombs, H. L. (1968).
236:
that infects cats, dogs and pigs. It includes the virus strains
1966:
1879:
829:
742:
473:
Canadian
Journal of Comparative Medicine and Veterinary Science
595:"ICTV Taxonomy history: Feline infectious peritonitis virus"
259:
which is able to enter its host cell by binding to the
442:
Journal of the
American Veterinary Medical Association
293:
Journal of the
American Veterinary Medical Association
282:
has been identified in a small number of human cases.
599:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
363:
International
Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)
1454:
Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
1975:
1903:
1894:
1839:
1781:
1753:
1742:
1694:
1664:
1636:
1625:
1537:
1493:
1430:
1402:
1325:
1314:
1260:
1232:
1204:
1167:
1139:
1102:
1065:
1037:
1000:
972:
944:
916:
903:
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum alphacoronavirus HuB-2013
879:
851:
840:
56:of pig (transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus)
1191:NL63-related bat coronavirus strain BtKYNL63-9b
299:, ICTV, in 1975) accepted the scientific named
297:International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
754:
301:Transmissible gastro-enteritis virus of swine
8:
694:Hohdatsu, T.; Okada, S.; Koyama, H. (1991).
303:in its first report in 1971, but renamed it
1082:Nyctalus velutinus alphacoronavirus SC-2013
359:"ICTV Taxonomy history: Alphacoronavirus 1"
305:Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus
268:porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus
1963:
1909:
1900:
1891:
1876:
1847:
1789:
1761:
1750:
1702:
1672:
1644:
1633:
1545:
1501:
1438:
1410:
1333:
1322:
1268:
1240:
1212:
1175:
1147:
1110:
1073:
1045:
1008:
980:
952:
924:
887:
859:
848:
826:
761:
747:
739:
40:
29:
1053:Myotis ricketti alphacoronavirus Sax-2011
719:
670:
484:
438:"A transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs"
409:
436:Doyle, L. P.; Hutchings, L. M. (1946).
343:
270:in 1976. After subsequent discovery of
316:by ICTV in 1991. It was again renamed
508:Wolfe, L.G.; Griesemer, R.A. (1966).
7:
1089:Pipistrellus kuhlii coronavirus 3398
353:
351:
349:
347:
307:(PTGV) in its second report in 1976.
1418:Bat Hp-betacoronavirus Zhejiang2013
1296:Transmissible gastroenteritis virus
314:Feline infectious peritonitis virus
246:transmissible gastroenteritis virus
216:Transmissible gastroenteritis virus
25:
1480:Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4
1473:Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5
1948:
1805:Common moorhen coronavirus HKU21
1517:Rousettus bat coronavirus GCCDC1
1155:Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2
1024:Miniopterus bat coronavirus HKU8
65:
1126:Scotophilus bat coronavirus 512
1119:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
510:"Feline infectious peritonitis"
1582:Bat SARS-like coronavirus WIV1
1524:Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9
1361:China Rattus coronavirus HKU24
1248:Suncus murinus coronavirus X74
1:
1855:Night heron coronavirus HKU19
1220:Sorex araneus coronavirus T14
1017:Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1
1681:Beluga whale coronavirus SW1
1510:Eidolon bat coronavirus C704
1291:Canine coronavirus HuPn-2018
663:10.1016/0168-1702(87)90008-6
280:canine coronavirus-HuPn-2018
1826:White-eye coronavirus HKU16
392:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1
324:was adopted by ICTV in 1991
2106:
960:Lucheng Rn rat coronavirus
573:10.1177/030098586800500112
526:10.1177/030098586600300309
1941:
1912:
1890:
1875:
1850:
1792:
1764:
1705:
1675:
1647:
1548:
1504:
1465:MERS coronavirus EMC/2012
1441:
1413:
1336:
1271:
1243:
1215:
1178:
1150:
1113:
1076:
1048:
1011:
983:
955:
927:
890:
862:
825:
779:
467:Mcclurkin, A. W. (1965).
257:positive-strand RNA virus
202:
197:
60:
48:
39:
32:
1798:Bulbul coronavirus HKU11
1769:Wigeon coronavirus HKU20
1554:SARS-related coronavirus
1389:Myodes coronavirus 2JL14
1819:Munia coronavirus HKU13
867:Bat coronavirus CDPHE15
1718:Avian coronavirus 9203
1652:Goose coronavirus CB17
1460:London1_novel CoV/2012
1447:Hedgehog coronavirus 1
1368:Human coronavirus HKU1
1353:Human coronavirus OC43
1184:Human coronavirus NL63
932:Human coronavirus 229E
561:Pathologia Veterinaria
514:Pathologia Veterinaria
2070:Animal viral diseases
1917:Microhyla letovirus 1
1725:Duck coronavirus 2714
896:Bat coronavirus HKU10
700:Archives of Virology
62:Virus classification
50:Electron micrograph
2075:Alphacoronaviruses
2007:Alphacoronavirus 1
1977:Alphacoronavirus 1
1375:Murine coronavirus
1348:Bovine coronavirus
1286:Canine coronavirus
1281:Feline coronavirus
1276:Alphacoronavirus 1
988:Mink coronavirus 1
833:Orthocoronavirinae
712:10.1007/BF01310494
330:Alphacoronavirus 1
322:Canine coronavirus
318:Feline coronavirus
276:feline coronavirus
272:canine coronavirus
242:canine coronavirus
238:feline coronavirus
229:Alphacoronavirus 1
211:Canine coronavirus
206:Feline coronavirus
190:Alphacoronavirus 1
54:Alphacoronavirus 1
34:Alphacoronavirus 1
2057:
2056:
1969:Taxon identifiers
1960:
1959:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1835:
1834:
1812:Coronavirus HKU15
1777:
1776:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1711:Avian coronavirus
1690:
1689:
1660:
1659:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1533:
1532:
1489:
1488:
1426:
1425:
1398:
1397:
1342:Betacoronavirus 1
1310:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1256:
1255:
1228:
1227:
1200:
1199:
1163:
1162:
1135:
1134:
1098:
1097:
1061:
1060:
1033:
1032:
996:
995:
968:
967:
940:
939:
912:
911:
875:
874:
781:Higher taxonomy:
401:978-1-4939-2438-7
225:
224:
16:(Redirected from
2097:
2050:
2049:
2037:
2036:
2024:
2023:
2011:
2010:
2009:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1964:
1952:
1910:
1901:
1892:
1877:
1848:
1790:
1762:
1751:
1745:Deltacoronavirus
1703:
1673:
1645:
1634:
1628:Gammacoronavirus
1546:
1502:
1439:
1411:
1334:
1323:
1269:
1241:
1213:
1176:
1148:
1111:
1074:
1046:
1009:
981:
953:
925:
888:
860:
849:
843:Alphacoronavirus
827:
769:Taxonomy of the
763:
756:
749:
740:
734:
733:
723:
691:
685:
684:
674:
642:
636:
635:
615:
609:
608:
606:
605:
591:
585:
584:
552:
546:
545:
505:
499:
498:
488:
464:
458:
457:
433:
427:
426:
413:
379:
373:
372:
370:
369:
355:
232:is a species of
165:Alphacoronavirus
70:
69:
44:
30:
27:Species of virus
21:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2045:
2040:
2032:
2027:
2019:
2014:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1990:
1989:
1984:
1971:
1961:
1956:
1921:
1886:
1859:
1831:
1773:
1730:
1686:
1656:
1613:
1529:
1485:
1422:
1394:
1381:Rat coronavirus
1317:Betacoronavirus
1302:
1252:
1224:
1196:
1159:
1131:
1094:
1057:
1029:
992:
964:
936:
908:
871:
836:
821:
814:Cornidovirineae
802:Pisoniviricetes
775:
767:
737:
693:
692:
688:
644:
643:
639:
626:(78): 359–366.
617:
616:
612:
603:
601:
593:
592:
588:
554:
553:
549:
507:
506:
502:
466:
465:
461:
435:
434:
430:
402:
381:
380:
376:
367:
365:
357:
356:
345:
341:
288:
198:Member viruses
193:
129:Pisoniviricetes
64:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2103:
2101:
2093:
2092:
2090:Swine diseases
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2062:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2038:
2025:
2012:
1997:
1981:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1958:
1957:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1907:
1898:
1896:Alphaletovirus
1888:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1787:
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1748:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1706:
1700:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1676:
1670:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1631:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1562:
1549:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1505:
1499:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1462:
1450:
1442:
1436:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1337:
1331:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1272:
1266:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1244:
1238:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1179:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1122:
1114:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1085:
1077:
1071:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1027:
1020:
1012:
1006:
998:
997:
994:
993:
991:
990:
984:
978:
970:
969:
966:
965:
963:
962:
956:
950:
942:
941:
938:
937:
935:
934:
928:
922:
914:
913:
910:
909:
907:
906:
899:
891:
885:
877:
876:
873:
872:
870:
869:
863:
857:
846:
838:
837:
830:
823:
822:
780:
777:
776:
768:
766:
765:
758:
751:
743:
736:
735:
706:(1–2): 85–95.
686:
657:(4): 363–371.
651:Virus Research
637:
610:
586:
547:
520:(3): 255–270.
500:
459:
428:
400:
374:
342:
340:
337:
287:
284:
223:
222:
221:
220:
218:
213:
208:
200:
199:
195:
194:
187:
185:
181:
180:
173:
169:
168:
161:
157:
156:
149:
145:
144:
137:
133:
132:
125:
121:
120:
113:
109:
108:
101:
97:
96:
89:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
58:
57:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2102:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1955:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1878:
1874:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1693:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1639:Brangacovirus
1635:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1391:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1231:
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1128:
1127:
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1120:
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1069:
1064:
1054:
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1047:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1004:
1003:Minunacovirus
999:
989:
986:
985:
982:
979:
977:
976:
971:
961:
958:
957:
954:
951:
949:
948:
943:
933:
930:
929:
926:
923:
921:
920:
919:Duvinacovirus
915:
905:
904:
900:
898:
897:
893:
892:
889:
886:
884:
883:
878:
868:
865:
864:
861:
858:
856:
855:
850:
847:
845:
844:
839:
835:
834:
828:
824:
820:
819:Coronaviridae
816:
815:
810:
809:
804:
803:
798:
797:
792:
791:
790:Orthornavirae
786:
785:
778:
774:
773:
772:Coronaviridae
764:
759:
757:
752:
750:
745:
744:
741:
731:
727:
722:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
690:
687:
682:
678:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
641:
638:
633:
629:
625:
621:
614:
611:
600:
596:
590:
587:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
551:
548:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
504:
501:
496:
492:
487:
482:
478:
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470:
463:
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443:
439:
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429:
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421:
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407:
403:
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384:Coronaviruses
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364:
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354:
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344:
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331:
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153:Coronaviridae
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138:
135:
134:
131:
130:
126:
123:
122:
119:
118:
114:
111:
110:
107:
106:
105:Orthornavirae
102:
99:
98:
95:
94:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
68:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
35:
31:
19:
2085:Cat diseases
2080:Dog diseases
1976:
1916:
1904:
1895:
1881:
1854:
1842:Herdecovirus
1840:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1784:Buldecovirus
1782:
1768:
1754:
1743:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1695:
1679:
1665:
1651:
1637:
1626:
1552:
1540:Sarbecovirus
1538:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1494:
1478:
1471:
1452:
1445:
1433:Merbecovirus
1431:
1417:
1403:
1387:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1340:
1326:
1315:
1275:
1261:
1247:
1233:
1219:
1205:
1189:
1182:
1170:Setracovirus
1168:
1154:
1142:Rhinacovirus
1140:
1124:
1117:
1103:
1087:
1080:
1068:Nyctacovirus
1066:
1052:
1040:Myotacovirus
1038:
1022:
1015:
1001:
987:
973:
959:
947:Luchacovirus
945:
931:
917:
901:
894:
880:
866:
852:
841:
831:
818:
812:
806:
800:
796:Pisuviricota
794:
788:
782:
770:
703:
699:
689:
654:
650:
640:
623:
613:
602:. Retrieved
598:
589:
567:(1): 91–95.
564:
560:
550:
517:
513:
503:
479:(2): 46–53.
476:
472:
462:
445:
441:
431:
424:See Table 1.
423:
383:
377:
366:. Retrieved
362:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
311:
308:
304:
300:
292:
289:
275:
274:in dogs and
271:
267:
265:
261:APN receptor
249:
228:
227:
226:
189:
188:
176:
164:
152:
140:
128:
117:Pisuviricota
116:
104:
92:
85:
75:(unranked):
53:
33:
2001:Wikispecies
1954:Wikispecies
1905:Milecovirus
1883:Letovirinae
1756:Andecovirus
1667:Cegacovirus
1496:Nobecovirus
1405:Hibecovirus
1328:Embecovirus
1263:Tegacovirus
1235:Sunacovirus
1207:Soracovirus
1105:Pedacovirus
975:Minacovirus
882:Decacovirus
854:Colacovirus
808:Nidovirales
448:: 257–259.
234:coronavirus
177:Tegacovirus
141:Nidovirales
18:Tegacovirus
2064:Categories
1697:Igacovirus
1607:SHC014-CoV
1565:SARS-CoV-2
1560:SARS-CoV-1
604:2020-08-18
368:2020-08-19
339:References
172:Subgenus:
1992:Q18965331
784:Riboviria
286:Discovery
253:enveloped
251:It is an
184:Species:
100:Kingdom:
93:Riboviria
2034:11459051
1986:Wikidata
1943:Source:
1587:RacCS203
1577:BANAL-52
1570:Variants
581:73331347
542:12930790
495:14290945
454:21020443
420:25720466
148:Family:
112:Phylum:
730:1706593
721:7086586
681:2829461
672:7134191
632:4377955
534:5958991
486:1494364
411:4369385
332:in 2009
160:Genus:
136:Order:
124:Class:
2047:693997
1602:RpYN06
1597:RmYN02
1592:RaTG13
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718:
679:
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244:, and
2029:IRMNG
817:>
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577:S2CID
538:S2CID
86:Realm
79:Virus
2042:NCBI
2021:C62P
1945:ICTV
726:PMID
677:PMID
628:PMID
530:PMID
491:PMID
450:PMID
416:PMID
396:ISBN
2016:CoL
1947:––
716:PMC
708:doi
704:117
667:PMC
659:doi
569:doi
522:doi
481:PMC
446:108
406:PMC
388:doi
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