3991:
4014:
4006:
3410:
3999:
4874:
128:
4860:
1371:
373:
4923:
3395:
3403:
444:
110:
4867:
588:". The fossils included several well-preserved articulated partial skeletons and various isolated bones. Kermack refrained from naming the animal or nominating a type specimen, as preparation of the fossils was still ongoing. The specimens were eventually named and thoroughly described by P. J. Crush in 1984, with the
1388:
indicate that it was carnivorous, and like other early crocodylomorphs it was likely a generalist pursuit hunter that preyed upon small to mid-sized prey items. The shape and construction of its hip bones, particularly the elongated pubis, indicate that they were rigidly sutured together and that its
414:
The body was relatively short and shallow, and the spine was topped by paired rows of osteoderms running down from its neck down its back. These osteoderms are described as "leaf-shaped", being relatively longer than wide with a prominent spur at the front that slides under and interlocks with the
1357:
itself was thoroughly redescribed in 2023 by
Stephan Spiekman, who identified numerous morphological differences that could not be attributed to ontogeny or to individual variation, and so rejected their synonymy. The two taxa are nonetheless close relatives, comprising the clade Saltoposuchidae
1313:
had been identified since its description, and Crush had erected the family
Saltoposuchidae in recognition of this. However, Benton and Clark considered that the characters Crush identified to separate the two taxa as invalid, and so that the two were likely to belong to be at least of the same
788:(2017), who noted that this clade could have approximated Crush's concept of Saltoposuchidae. This suggestion was formalised in 2023, when this clade was phylogentically defined as Saltoposuchidae by Spiekman (2023). The cladogram below depicts the results of his analysis:
2661:
Ricqlès, A.; Padian, K.; Knoll, F.; Horner, J. R. (2008). "On the origin of high growth rates in archosaurs and their ancient relatives: Complementary histological studies on
Triassic archosauriforms and the problem of a "phylogenetic signal" in bone histology".
383:
was a small, slender crocodylomorph with very long legs, quite unlike modern crocodilians. It was initially estimated to have been between 49 and 76 centimetres (19 and 30 in) long, although this estimate may be based on juvenile specimens and fully grown
722:", a group that included various other similar long-legged early crocodylomorphs and was considered to be a separate radiation from the group that all later crocodylomorphs would evolve from. However, this classification was made prior to the invention of
534:
has a distinct head that faces inwards towards the body, and fits into the hip socket at a right angle to the leg. This condition is described as "buttress-erect", and it is typical of dinosaurs and their close relatives but otherwise unheard of in
1676:
730:), meaning that "sphenosuchians" are not all descended from a single common ancestor to the exclusion of all other crocodylomorphs. Instead, the "sphenosuchians" are a grade of basal crocodylomorphs that lead up to the more derived
2608:
1438:
was a coastal species, unusual for basal crocodylomorphs, which are typically known from inland floodplain environments. In the Late
Triassic, the Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry and other quarries were part of ancient islands in a
539:
outside of basal crocodylomorphs. Other pseudosuchians with upright limbs were typically "pillar-erect", with their femurs attached into a hip-socket that faced directly downwards. The buttress-erect posture of
544:
and other basal crocodylomorphs is unique amongst crocodile-line archosaurs, and restricted its posture to a permanently upright stance. Its posture was further restricted to an upright gait by the
391:
Its skull was long and narrow, with a tapering, pointed triangular snout lined with sharp curved teeth. The upper jaw margin was straight, and lacked a diastema (a gap in the tooth row) between the
580:
on
October 8, 1953, and was recognised belonging to a "primitive crocodile or crocodile ancestor". No osteoderms had been identified yet at the time, which Kermack regarded as representing a "
1417:
compared to other archosauriforms and even other pseudosuchians. Such a high growth rate is in agreement with an elevated, "warm-blooded" metabolism. However, the related "sphenosuchian"
762:
for the two genera under "Sphenosuchia". However, few publications since its naming used the name
Saltoposuchidae following the adoption of cladistics, in part due to the suggestion that
499:
as a quadruped, with noticeably longer hind limbs than its forelimbs and its hips held high above the shoulder. However, based on these proportions it has also been suggested that
2731:
1353:, as well as inconsistencies in the patterns of the fusion of their vertebrae and the proportions of the hind limb during growth compared to other crocodylomorph growth series.
503:
may have been bipedal instead. This question remained controversial in subsequent studies. A quantitative analysis of limb proportions suggested quadrupedal locomotion in early
1341:
A formal re-evaluation of the hypothesis in 2013 concluded that the available evidence was not consistent with the two species being synonymous, and that it is likely that
1318:(2001) considered these differences to be dubious or due to the size difference between their remains. In 2003, palaeontologist David Allen identified juvenile features in
2286:
5001:
2025:
1983:"Locomotor and postural diversity among reptiles viewed through the prism of femoral microanatomy: Palaeobiological implications for some Permian and Mesozoic taxa"
457:
were very long in proportion to the body and were held upright directly beneath it. The shape of the ankles and the bones in the hands and feet also suggest that
1674:
Nesbitt, S. J.; Turner, A. H.; Weinbaum, J. C. (2012). "A survey of skeletal elements in the orbit of
Pseudosuchia and the origin of the crocodylian palpebral".
2240:
2199:
2150:
2105:
1314:
genus. This hypothesis was rejected by Sereno and Wild in 1992, who claimed to have identified additional differences between the two genera, although Clark
2072:"Baurusuchid crocodyliforms as theropod mimics: clues from the skull and appendicular morphology of Stratiotosuchus maxhechti (Upper Cretaceous of Brazil)"
2045:
Sullivan, Corwin (2015). "Evolution of hind limb posture in
Triassic archosauriforms". In Dial, Kenneth P.; Shubin, Neil; Brainerd, Elizabeth L. (eds.).
5100:
5070:
1330:
variable, and so were otherwise indistinguishable. However, Allen ultimately rescinded this view and came to reject their synonymy in his unpublished
4988:
415:
scute in front of it. This provides a rigid support for the body and limited the flexibility of its spine, supporting its body on land. The hips of
1599:
5095:
2828:
652:
data has been used to determine a younger
Rhaetian age, close to the very end of the Triassic. This estimate has been corroborated by Rhaetian
2437:
5055:
548:
on its heel bone pointing directly backwards from the foot, unlike the back-and-sideways facing tuber of modern, sprawling crocodilians.
4013:
3990:
671:
has been discovered in other Late
Triassic fissure deposits in South Wales and Bristol, including the Ruthin Quarry in Wales and the
5060:
3409:
2054:
1787:
2536:
1835:(Archosauria, Suchia) from the lower Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation of Argentina: one of the oldest-known crocodylomorphs"
4873:
4005:
2337:
Marsh, 1884 (Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha) using high resolution tomography and new insights on basal crocodylomorph phylogeny"
700:
581:
774:). Nonetheless, some early analyses, namely Sereno and Wild (1992), recovered a clade consisting of the two along with the
431:, or belly ribs. Its tail was particularly long, about twice the length of the head and body combined with an estimated 70
127:
2428:
Benton, M. J.; Clark, J. M. (1988). "Archosaur phylogeny and the relationships of the Crocodylia". In Benton, M.J. (ed.).
1423:
was found to have a slower, more typical crocodilian-like growth rate, and so it is possible that the high growth rate of
1944:"Associated evolution of bipedality and cursoriality among Triassic archosaurs: a phylogenetically controlled evaluation"
435:
in total, and may have been used as a balance allowing the animal to rear up and run on its hind legs for brief periods.
3998:
2580:
2552:
1812:
1413:
and contained large amounts of energy-consuming fibrolamellar bone tissue, indicating a relatively fast growth-rate for
676:
5085:
1345:
is indeed its own genus. This included the non-overlapping geographic and stratigraphic ranges of the two taxa, with
1721:"Morphological and functional changes in the vertebral column with increasing aquatic adaptation in crocodylomorphs"
1427:
was due to the sampled specimens being immature and still rapidly growing, and that adults had a slower metabolism.
4859:
2821:
2755:
2138:
1725:
696:
5090:
5075:
2934:
2139:"The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures, South Wales, UK and a new species of
577:
3394:
5080:
4926:
4297:
2699:"The Late Triassic and Early Jurassic fissure faunas from Bristol and South Wales: stratigraphy and setting"
1839:
1607:
596:
560:
were discovered by Professor K. A. Kermack and Dr. P. L. Robinson in the spring of 1952, recovered from the
507:
in general, whereas a study of femoral mid-diaphyseal cross sectional geometry supports bipedal locomotion.
5065:
4943:
3484:
3402:
688:
589:
5027:
2814:
2725:
1536:
was a relatively rare component of the island's fauna, an expected relationship for a predatory animal.
610:
561:
360:
which made up the islands it lived on, which formed caverns and sinkholes that preserved the remains of
265:
2193:
Foffa, D.; Whiteside, D. I.; Viegas, P. A.; Benton, M. J. (2014). "Vertebrates from the Late Triassic
4975:
4791:
2764:
2671:
2466:
2249:
2208:
2179:
2159:
1908:
1848:
1734:
1685:
1640:
242:
4490:
3440:
3427:
3361:
3293:
2907:
905:
672:
522:(as well as a few other early crocodylomorphs) and is often regarded as a defining feature of that
473:
that were pressed tightly together, similar to the feet of fast-running dinosaurs, suggesting that
403:
of the lower jaw curved slightly upwards towards the front. Unlike modern crocodilians, the eye of
726:
phylogenetic analyses, which has since demonstrated that "Sphenosuchia" is an unnatural grouping (
518:
is perforated and forms an opening between the hip bones. This feature is otherwise only known in
4866:
4820:
4157:
2517:
2313:
1924:
1874:
1701:
1656:
545:
122:
1981:
Gônet, Jordan; Bardin, Jérémie; Girondot, Marc; Hutchinson, John R.; Laurin, Michel (May 2023).
5032:
565:
5014:
5006:
4671:
4635:
4147:
2792:
2643:
2625:
2433:
2368:
2050:
2002:
1963:
1783:
1760:
5019:
640:). The age of the deposits has been historically debated, with older literature suggesting a
4716:
4585:
4568:
4345:
3517:
2919:
2782:
2772:
2713:
2679:
2633:
2617:
2584:
2509:
2474:
2408:
2358:
2348:
2305:
2295:
2257:
2216:
2175:
2167:
2114:
2083:
1994:
1955:
1916:
1864:
1856:
1750:
1742:
1693:
1648:
1516:
756:
661:
625:
470:
447:
312:
1470:
coexisted with other archosaurs such as the similarly long-legged, enigmatic pseudosuchian
4691:
4446:
4314:
4212:
4187:
4045:
4032:
3957:
3945:
3937:
3589:
3312:
3244:
3056:
1719:
Molnar, J. L.; Pierce, S. E.; Bhullar, B. A. S.; Turner, A. H.; Hutchinson, J. R. (2015).
1501:
1370:
1203:
934:
795:
759:
432:
346:
221:
208:
1520:
and at least one or two unnamed species, which likely formed a large part of the diet of
2768:
2675:
2470:
2397:(Archosauria: Crocodylomorpha) from the Norian (Late Triassic) of south-western Germany"
2253:
2212:
2163:
1912:
1852:
1738:
1689:
1644:
4896:
4753:
4698:
4656:
4615:
4468:
4439:
4418:
4286:
4167:
4076:
3752:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3271:
3184:
3094:
3021:
2787:
2746:
2745:
Spiekman, S. N.; Ezcurra, M. D.; Butler, R. J.; Fraser, N. C.; Maidment, S. C. (2021).
2638:
2604:"Archosaurian respiration and the pelvic girdle aspiration breathing of crocodyliforms"
2603:
2363:
2332:
2118:
1755:
1720:
1558:
1477:
1302:
1290:
1138:
827:
731:
536:
408:
304:
2698:
372:
5049:
4732:
4646:
4625:
4521:
4409:
4385:
4375:
4335:
4272:
4228:
4221:
4127:
4117:
4096:
4086:
3900:
3885:
3814:
3794:
3701:
3681:
3607:
3526:
3498:
3471:
3343:
3321:
3264:
3138:
3080:
2697:
Whiteside, D. I.; Duffin, C. J.; Gill, P. G.; Marshall, J. E.; Benton, M. J. (2016).
2521:
2088:
2071:
1830:
1705:
1660:
1419:
1162:
1072:
1055:
1031:
972:
948:
780:
751:
738:
has consistently been recovered within this grade (as shown in the cladogram below).
653:
649:
614:
482:
342:
316:
67:
30:
2317:
1928:
1878:
4906:
4746:
4684:
4544:
4530:
4432:
4395:
4365:
4258:
4249:
4177:
3915:
3907:
3871:
3855:
3847:
3838:
3824:
3784:
3763:
3721:
3671:
3580:
3561:
3533:
3350:
3257:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3170:
3073:
3065:
3000:
2987:
2946:
2837:
2513:
2478:
1920:
1489:
1472:
1331:
1186:
1114:
810:
775:
727:
719:
684:
657:
420:
400:
338:
324:
195:
443:
2683:
2413:
2392:
2282:"The Early Evolution of Archosaurs: Relationships and the Origin of Major Clades"
2262:
2235:
2220:
2171:
2021:
4911:
4780:
4725:
4595:
4552:
4537:
4506:
4499:
4476:
4460:
4453:
4425:
4106:
3878:
3804:
3773:
3741:
3731:
3661:
3630:
3623:
3569:
3506:
3457:
3336:
3193:
3159:
3149:
3127:
3087:
3031:
1510:
1440:
573:
487:
462:
42:
1459:
eroded into the limestone, environments which long limbed, agile reptiles like
4916:
4901:
4891:
4826:
4797:
4768:
4605:
4198:
3922:
3893:
3863:
3711:
3691:
3596:
3491:
2892:
2867:
1697:
1677:
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
1484:
888:
723:
595:
chosen to emphasise the terrestrial lifestyle of this crocodylomorph, and the
585:
511:
504:
466:
396:
337:
was a long-legged, active predator that lived entirely on land, unlike modern
109:
87:
52:
4966:
2629:
2006:
1967:
4809:
4739:
4137:
3041:
2876:
1378:
633:
617:
569:
519:
478:
428:
354:
341:. It inhabited a chain of tropical, low-lying islands that made up southern
307:
that was about 76 centimetres (30 in) long. Fossils have been found in
182:
139:
92:
2796:
2717:
2647:
2621:
2372:
1764:
1631:
Irmis, R. B.; Nesbitt, S. J.; Sues, H.-D. (2013). "Early Crocodylomorpha".
2751:, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales"
1780:
The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals
1389:
pubis was not mobile as it is in modern crocodilians. This indicates that
4960:
4705:
4355:
4265:
4066:
3645:
3282:
3230:
2861:
2609:
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
2588:
1508:) were very abundant and are known from at least three species including
1496:
1492:
1480:
1452:
1410:
1327:
844:
715:
485:
in the wrist is notably smaller compared to early crocodyliforms such as
320:
159:
82:
77:
62:
57:
47:
36:
2777:
1746:
4993:
3930:
3616:
3328:
3201:
2353:
1869:
1505:
1444:
746:
680:
641:
392:
297:
169:
97:
72:
2234:
Mussini, G.; Whiteside, D. I.; Hildebrandt, C.; Benton, M. J. (2020).
1998:
1860:
3110:
2855:
2309:
1652:
1556:
had not yet been named and at the time was regarded as a specimen of
1456:
645:
149:
4937:
2281:
2236:"Anatomy of a Late Triassic Bristol fissure: Tytherington fissure 2"
1982:
1959:
771:
2300:
2103:
Kermack, K. A. (1956). "An ancestral Crocodile from South Wales".
1943:
1448:
1369:
629:
600:
527:
523:
442:
371:
357:
308:
300:
4980:
2137:
Keeble, Emily; Whitestide, David I.; Benton, Michael J. (2018).
1394:
745:
in 1984, Crush recognised it shared a close relationship to the
637:
4941:
4030:
3425:
2985:
2848:
2810:
2806:
2331:
Leardi, Juan Martin; Pol, Diego; Clark, James Matthew (2017).
1811:(Unpublished Ph.D thesis). Department of Biological Sciences,
1289:
In 1988, just four years after it was named, palaeontologists
388:
may have reached or exceeded 1 metre (3.3 ft) in length.
714:
was originally classified as a member of the crocodylomorph
1600:"A late upper Triassic sphenosuchid crocodilian from Wales"
2432:. Vol. 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press. pp. 295–338.
1293:
and James Clark first formally proposed that specimens of
687:; all of the English remains have been recovered from the
345:, along with similarly small-sized dinosaurs and abundant
2197:-bearing rocks of Durdham Down, Clifton (Bristol, UK)".
1322:, and believed all the differing traits between it and
2537:"Ontogenetic determination of a new specimen confirms
4777:
4668:
4652:
4642:
4631:
4621:
4611:
4601:
4591:
4581:
4518:
4487:
4406:
4391:
4381:
4371:
4361:
4351:
4341:
4331:
4283:
4246:
4209:
4194:
4183:
4173:
4163:
4153:
4143:
4133:
4123:
4113:
4102:
4092:
4082:
4072:
4062:
3835:
3820:
3810:
3800:
3790:
3780:
3769:
3759:
3748:
3737:
3727:
3717:
3707:
3697:
3687:
3677:
3667:
3657:
3468:
3453:
3309:
3241:
3181:
3166:
3155:
3145:
3134:
3123:
3053:
3037:
3027:
3017:
1443:
that stretched across southern Wales and England to
1349:
being at least "several million years" younger than
4950:
4808:
4776:
4767:
4715:
4667:
4566:
4517:
4486:
4405:
4312:
4282:
4245:
4208:
4043:
3956:
3834:
3644:
3606:
3579:
3516:
3467:
3438:
3360:
3308:
3281:
3240:
3180:
3108:
3052:
2998:
2945:
2918:
2891:
784:. This clade was more recently recovered by Leardi
2453:Clark, J. M.; Sues, H.-D.; Berman, D. S. (2001). "
2287:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
1524:(possibly evidenced by bite marks on the bones of
1397:method of breathing found in modern crocodilians.
491:, as well as modern crocodilians, indicating that
2730:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
2430:The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods
1829:Lecuona, A.; Ezcurra, M.D.; Irmis, R.B. (2016).
1633:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
584:" between modern crocodilians and the Triassic "
2026:University of California Museum of Paleontology
576:. Their finds were presented by Kermack to the
2393:"A revision and histological investigation of
495:had less flexible wrists. Crush reconstructed
407:was supported by a ring of bony ossicles, the
2822:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2047:Great Transformations in Vertebrate Evolution
8:
2275:
2273:
2106:Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London
1824:
1822:
1626:
1624:
1622:
703:in London where they are currently stored.
4938:
4773:
4676:
4574:
4324:
4320:
4055:
4051:
4040:
4027:
3650:
3476:
3446:
3435:
3422:
3249:
3116:
3010:
3006:
2995:
2982:
2924:
2897:
2888:
2845:
2829:
2815:
2807:
2241:Proceedings of the Geologists' Association
2200:Proceedings of the Geologists' Association
2151:Proceedings of the Geologists' Association
1890:
1888:
481:, adapted for running at high speeds. The
108:
20:
2786:
2776:
2637:
2412:
2401:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
2362:
2352:
2299:
2261:
2180:1983/5afdc677-3ea0-4519-813d-6052ef8370ec
2087:
2076:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
1868:
1782:. London: Marshall Editions. p. 98.
1754:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
453:Unlike modern crocodylians, the limbs of
427:is also known to have had tightly packed
2132:
2130:
2128:
1405:The microstructure of the limb bones of
2553:Palaeontological Association Newsletter
1575:
1545:
315:and date from near the very end of the
117:Skeletal diagram showing known remains
2723:
2333:"Detailed anatomy of the braincase of
1831:"Revision of the early crocodylomorph
1463:may have been well suited to inhabit.
1305:of the latter. The similarity between
683:, as well as a possible specimen from
1466:On the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island,
1451:environments, riddled with fissures,
1297:in fact represented the juveniles of
7:
399:. By contrast, the long and slender
2457:: theropod, "thecodont" or both?".
1942:Kubo, Tai; Kubo, Mugino O. (2012).
1899:: theropod, "thecodont" or both?".
1178:
1154:
1130:
1106:
1047:
1023:
964:
940:
930:
880:
873:
802:
791:
16:Genus of terrestrial crocodylomorph
2502:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2459:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2119:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1956.tb00747.x
2070:Riff, D.; Kellner, A.W.A. (2011).
1901:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
667:Additional material attributed to
364:and other island-living reptiles.
14:
1895:Sereno, P. C.; Wild, R. (1992). "
5101:Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera
5071:Late Triassic reptiles of Europe
4922:
4921:
4872:
4865:
4858:
4012:
4004:
3997:
3989:
3408:
3401:
3393:
2143:(Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)"
2089:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00713.x
699:before being transferred to the
126:
2573:The anatomy and systematics of
2049:. University of Chicago Press.
1805:The anatomy and systematics of
606:for its light, graceful build.
2577:(Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha)
2514:10.1080/02724634.2003.10010538
2479:10.1080/02724634.1992.10011473
1921:10.1080/02724634.1992.10011473
1809:(Archosauria, Crocodylomorpha)
755:. As such, he erected the new
423:, unlike living crocodilians.
1:
5096:Fossil taxa described in 1984
624:were recovered from Triassic
2684:10.1016/j.annpal.2008.03.002
2581:Northern Illinois University
2263:10.1016/j.pgeola.2019.12.001
2221:10.1016/j.pgeola.2014.02.002
2172:10.1016/j.pgeola.2017.11.001
1813:Northern Illinois University
1447:. The islands were forested
1393:would not have utilised the
1384:The thin, serrated teeth of
5056:Terrestrial crocodylomorphs
2579:(Unpublished Ph.D thesis).
2496:reaches puberty it becomes
2391:Spiekman, S. N. F. (2023).
628:that were deposited within
353:are known from fissures in
5117:
2756:Royal Society Open Science
2541:to be a junior synonym of
2414:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad035
1726:Royal Society Open Science
697:University College, London
695:were originally housed at
632:in the limestone (such as
4886:
4855:
4679:
4577:
4327:
4323:
4058:
4054:
4039:
4026:
3986:
3653:
3479:
3449:
3434:
3421:
3390:
3252:
3119:
3013:
3009:
2994:
2981:
2927:
2900:
2887:
2844:
2763:(10): Article ID 210915.
2602:Claessens, L. P. (2004).
2020:Smith, Dave; et al.
1698:10.1017/S1755691013000224
1200:
1183:
1176:
1159:
1152:
1135:
1128:
1111:
1104:
1069:
1052:
1045:
1028:
1021:
986:
969:
962:
945:
938:
928:
902:
885:
878:
871:
858:
841:
824:
807:
800:
578:Linnean Society of London
271:
264:
123:Scientific classification
121:
116:
107:
23:
5061:Triassic crocodylomorpha
2664:Annales de Paléontologie
2575:Terrestrisuchus gracilis
2498:Saltoposuchus connectens
2494:Terrestrisuchus gracilis
2492:Allen, D. (2003). "When
2395:Saltoposuchus connectens
2022:"Dinosauria: Morphology"
1807:Terrestrisuchus gracilis
1778:Palmer, D., ed. (1999).
278:Terrestrisuchus gracilis
2706:Palaeontologia Polonica
2280:Nesbitt, S. J. (2011).
1840:Papers in Palaeontology
327:and only known species
3485:Benggwigwishingasuchus
2720:(inactive 2024-09-12).
2718:10.4202/pp.2016.67_257
2622:10.1098/rspb.2004.2743
1528:that likely belong to
1409:show that it was well
1381:
701:Natural History Museum
689:Magnesian Conglomerate
613:is composed mostly of
450:
377:
349:. Numerous fossils of
5028:Paleobiology Database
1803:Allen, R. C. (2010).
1598:Crush, P. J. (1984).
1504:(relatives of modern
1401:Metabolism and growth
1373:
620:, but the fossils of
611:Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry
556:The first fossils of
446:
375:
323:, and it is known by
2335:Macelognathus vagans
1511:Clevosaurus cambrica
562:Pant-y-ffynon Quarry
552:History of discovery
303:of very small early
3441:Paracrocodylomorpha
3428:Paracrocodylomorpha
3362:Paracrocodylomorpha
2778:10.1098/rsos.210915
2769:2021RSOS....810915S
2676:2008AnPal..94...57D
2616:(1547): 1461–1465.
2471:1992JVPal..12..435S
2254:2020PrGA..131...73M
2213:2014PrGA..125..317F
2164:2018PrGA..129...99K
1913:1992JVPal..12..435S
1853:2016PPal....2..585L
1747:10.1098/rsos.150439
1739:2015RSOS....250439M
1690:2012EESTR.103..365N
1645:2013GSLSP.379..275I
1377:depicted hunting a
906:Pseudohesperosuchus
5086:Fossils of England
4158:Pseudhesperosuchus
2571:Allen, D. (2010).
2535:Allen, D. (2003).
2354:10.7717/peerj.2801
1987:Journal of Anatomy
1476:, the herbivorous
1382:
1334:on the anatomy of
546:calcaneal tubercle
451:
378:
5043:
5042:
5015:Open Tree of Life
4944:Taxon identifiers
4935:
4934:
4882:
4881:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4763:
4762:
4672:Shartegosuchoidea
4636:Pachycheilosuchus
4562:
4561:
4308:
4307:
4148:Phyllodontosuchus
4022:
4021:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3640:
3639:
3417:
3416:
3388:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3304:
3303:
3104:
3103:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2749:Pendraig milnerae
2439:978-0-19-857712-6
1999:10.1111/joa.13833
1861:10.1002/spp2.1056
1833:Trialestes romeri
1502:Rhynchocephalians
1278:
1277:
1269:
1268:
1260:
1259:
1251:
1250:
1242:
1241:
1233:
1232:
1224:
1223:
1215:
1214:
1093:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1010:
1009:
1001:
1000:
917:
916:
770:were synonymous (
749:"sphenosuchian",
691:. The fossils of
626:sedimentary rocks
526:. Similarly, the
465:, with elongated
439:Limbs and posture
419:had an elongated
347:rhynchocephalians
289:
288:
245:
5108:
5091:Fossils of Wales
5076:Triassic England
5036:
5035:
5023:
5022:
5010:
5009:
4997:
4996:
4984:
4983:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4939:
4925:
4924:
4877:
4876:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4779:
4774:
4717:Shartegosuchidae
4677:
4670:
4654:
4644:
4633:
4623:
4613:
4603:
4593:
4586:Dianchungosaurus
4583:
4575:
4569:Mesoeucrocodylia
4520:
4489:
4408:
4393:
4383:
4373:
4363:
4353:
4346:Eopneumatosuchus
4343:
4333:
4325:
4321:
4285:
4248:
4211:
4196:
4185:
4175:
4165:
4155:
4145:
4135:
4125:
4115:
4104:
4094:
4084:
4074:
4064:
4056:
4052:
4041:
4028:
4017:
4016:
4009:
4008:
4002:
4001:
3994:
3993:
3837:
3822:
3812:
3802:
3792:
3782:
3771:
3761:
3750:
3739:
3729:
3719:
3709:
3699:
3689:
3679:
3669:
3659:
3651:
3518:Ctenosauriscidae
3477:
3470:
3455:
3447:
3436:
3423:
3412:
3406:
3405:
3398:
3397:
3311:
3250:
3243:
3183:
3168:
3157:
3147:
3136:
3125:
3117:
3055:
3039:
3029:
3019:
3011:
3007:
2996:
2983:
2935:Archosauromorpha
2925:
2920:Archosauromorpha
2898:
2889:
2882:
2881:
2846:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2808:
2801:
2800:
2790:
2780:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2729:
2721:
2703:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2641:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2549:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2455:Procompsognathus
2450:
2444:
2443:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2388:
2377:
2376:
2366:
2356:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2303:
2277:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2195:Thecodontosaurus
2190:
2184:
2183:
2147:
2134:
2123:
2122:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2017:
2011:
2010:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1897:Procompsognathus
1892:
1883:
1882:
1872:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1758:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1684:(3–4): 365–381.
1671:
1665:
1664:
1653:10.1144/SP379.24
1628:
1617:
1616:
1604:
1595:
1563:
1550:
1517:Diphydontosaurus
1179:
1155:
1131:
1107:
1048:
1024:
965:
941:
931:
881:
874:
803:
792:
741:When describing
662:geomorphological
514:(hip socket) of
471:metatarsal bones
448:Life restoration
433:caudal vertebrae
313:Southern England
280:
276:
257:T. gracilis
240:
233:
220:
131:
130:
112:
102:
39:
29:Temporal range:
21:
5116:
5115:
5111:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5106:
5105:
5046:
5045:
5044:
5039:
5031:
5026:
5018:
5013:
5005:
5000:
4992:
4987:
4979:
4974:
4965:
4964:
4959:
4952:Terrestrisuchus
4946:
4936:
4931:
4878:
4871:
4857:
4833:
4804:
4759:
4711:
4692:Shantungosuchus
4663:
4571:
4558:
4513:
4482:
4447:Hemiprotosuchus
4401:
4317:
4315:Crocodyliformes
4304:
4278:
4241:
4236:Terrestrisuchus
4213:Saltoposuchidae
4204:
4188:Syntomiprosopus
4048:
4046:Crocodylomorpha
4035:
4033:Crocodylomorpha
4018:
4011:
4003:
3996:
3988:
3972:
3958:Crocodylomorpha
3952:
3946:Vytshegdosuchus
3938:Vjushkovisaurus
3830:
3636:
3602:
3590:Dolichobrachium
3575:
3512:
3463:
3443:
3430:
3413:
3400:
3392:
3376:
3356:
3313:Gracilisuchidae
3300:
3277:
3245:Aetosauriformes
3236:
3176:
3113:
3100:
3057:Ornithosuchidae
3048:
3003:
2990:
2961:
2941:
2914:
2883:
2851:
2850:
2840:
2835:
2805:
2804:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2722:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2601:
2600:
2596:
2570:
2569:
2565:
2547:
2539:Terrestrisuchus
2534:
2533:
2529:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2440:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2390:
2389:
2380:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2279:
2278:
2271:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2126:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2082:(s1): s37–s56.
2069:
2068:
2064:
2057:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2030:
2028:
2019:
2018:
2014:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1960:10.1666/11015.1
1941:
1940:
1936:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1630:
1629:
1620:
1602:
1597:
1596:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1566:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1534:Terrestrisuchus
1530:Terrestrisuchus
1522:Terrestrisuchus
1468:Terrestrisuchus
1461:Terrestrisuchus
1436:Terrestrisuchus
1433:
1425:Terrestrisuchus
1415:Terrestrisuchus
1407:Terrestrisuchus
1403:
1391:Terrestrisuchus
1386:Terrestrisuchus
1375:Terrestrisuchus
1368:
1347:Terrestrisuchus
1343:Terrestrisuchus
1336:Terrestrisuchus
1328:ontogenetically
1320:Terrestrisuchus
1307:Terrestrisuchus
1295:Terrestrisuchus
1287:
1279:
1270:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1204:Crocodyliformes
1094:
1085:
1011:
1002:
990:Terrestrisuchus
935:Saltoposuchidae
918:
796:Crocodylomorpha
764:Terrestrisuchus
760:Saltoposuchidae
743:Terrestrisuchus
736:Terrestrisuchus
734:. Nonetheless,
712:Terrestrisuchus
709:
693:Terrestrisuchus
669:Terrestrisuchus
622:Terrestrisuchus
593:Terrestrisuchus
558:Terrestrisuchus
554:
542:Terrestrisuchus
532:Terrestrisuchus
516:Terrestrisuchus
501:Terrestrisuchus
497:Terrestrisuchus
493:Terrestrisuchus
475:Terrestrisuchus
459:Terrestrisuchus
455:Terrestrisuchus
441:
425:Terrestrisuchus
417:Terrestrisuchus
405:Terrestrisuchus
386:Terrestrisuchus
381:Terrestrisuchus
376:Size comparison
370:
362:Terrestrisuchus
351:Terrestrisuchus
335:Terrestrisuchus
293:Terrestrisuchus
285:
282:
274:
273:
260:
239:
236:Terrestrisuchus
231:
222:Saltoposuchidae
218:
209:Crocodylomorpha
125:
103:
101:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
35:
34:
27:
25:Terrestrisuchus
17:
12:
11:
5:
5114:
5112:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5081:Triassic Wales
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5048:
5047:
5041:
5040:
5038:
5037:
5024:
5011:
4998:
4985:
4972:
4956:
4954:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4933:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4897:Prestosuchidae
4894:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4831:
4830:
4829:
4823:
4814:
4812:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4794:
4785:
4783:
4771:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4754:Shartegosuchus
4750:
4743:
4736:
4729:
4721:
4719:
4713:
4712:
4710:
4709:
4702:
4699:Sichuanosuchus
4695:
4688:
4680:
4674:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4657:Thalattosuchia
4650:
4640:
4629:
4619:
4616:Lusitanisuchus
4609:
4599:
4589:
4578:
4572:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4549:
4541:
4534:
4526:
4524:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4511:
4503:
4495:
4493:
4491:Notochampsidae
4484:
4483:
4481:
4480:
4473:
4469:Pedeticosaurus
4465:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4440:Erythrochampsa
4436:
4429:
4422:
4419:Coloradisuchus
4414:
4412:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4399:
4389:
4379:
4369:
4359:
4349:
4339:
4328:
4318:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4300:
4298:Thalattosuchia
4291:
4289:
4287:Thalattosuchia
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4269:
4262:
4254:
4252:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4217:
4215:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4192:
4181:
4171:
4168:Redondavenator
4161:
4151:
4141:
4131:
4121:
4111:
4100:
4090:
4080:
4077:Dibothrosuchus
4070:
4059:
4049:
4044:
4037:
4036:
4031:
4024:
4023:
4020:
4019:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3962:
3960:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3942:
3934:
3927:
3919:
3912:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3860:
3852:
3843:
3841:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3818:
3808:
3798:
3788:
3778:
3767:
3757:
3753:Incertovenator
3746:
3735:
3725:
3715:
3705:
3695:
3685:
3675:
3665:
3654:
3648:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3612:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3593:
3585:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3566:
3558:
3555:Hypselorhachis
3551:
3548:Ctenosauriscus
3544:
3541:Bystrowisuchus
3537:
3530:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3503:
3495:
3488:
3480:
3474:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:
3450:
3444:
3439:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3419:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3366:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3315:
3306:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3287:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3272:Revueltosaurus
3268:
3261:
3253:
3247:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3213:
3206:
3198:
3189:
3187:
3185:Erpetosuchidae
3178:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3164:
3153:
3143:
3132:
3120:
3114:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3095:Venaticosuchus
3091:
3084:
3077:
3070:
3061:
3059:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3035:
3025:
3022:Dasygnathoides
3014:
3004:
2999:
2992:
2991:
2986:
2979:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2957:
2951:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2928:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2901:
2895:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2849:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2826:
2819:
2811:
2803:
2802:
2737:
2689:
2653:
2594:
2563:
2527:
2484:
2465:(4): 435–458.
2445:
2438:
2420:
2407:(2): 354–391.
2378:
2323:
2269:
2226:
2207:(3): 317–328.
2185:
2124:
2095:
2062:
2055:
2037:
2012:
1993:(5): 891–916.
1973:
1954:(3): 474–485.
1934:
1907:(4): 435–458.
1884:
1847:(4): 585–622.
1818:
1795:
1788:
1770:
1733:(11): 150439.
1711:
1666:
1639:(1): 275–302.
1618:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1559:Pedeticosaurus
1544:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1478:sauropodomorph
1432:
1429:
1402:
1399:
1395:hepatic piston
1367:
1364:
1358:together with
1303:junior synonym
1291:Michael Benton
1286:
1282:Synonymy with
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1182:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1158:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1139:Dibothrosuchus
1134:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
999:
998:
995:
994:
985:
982:
981:
978:
977:
968:
963:
961:
958:
957:
954:
953:
944:
939:
937:
929:
927:
924:
923:
920:
919:
915:
914:
911:
910:
901:
898:
897:
894:
893:
884:
879:
877:
872:
870:
867:
866:
863:
862:
857:
854:
853:
850:
849:
840:
837:
836:
833:
832:
828:Redondavenator
823:
820:
819:
816:
815:
806:
801:
799:
790:
732:crocodyliforms
708:
707:Classification
705:
679:quarries near
658:conchostracans
648:age. However,
553:
550:
537:pseudosuchians
440:
437:
409:sclerotic ring
369:
366:
305:crocodylomorph
287:
286:
283:
269:
268:
262:
261:
253:
251:
247:
246:
229:
225:
224:
216:
212:
211:
206:
199:
198:
193:
186:
185:
180:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
119:
118:
114:
113:
105:
104:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
40:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5113:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5066:Rhaetian life
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5034:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4990:
4986:
4982:
4977:
4973:
4968:
4962:
4958:
4957:
4955:
4953:
4949:
4945:
4940:
4928:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4875:
4870:
4868:
4861:
4828:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4817:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4807:
4799:
4795:
4793:
4789:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4766:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4737:
4735:
4734:
4733:Fruitachampsa
4730:
4728:
4727:
4723:
4722:
4720:
4718:
4714:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4701:
4700:
4696:
4694:
4693:
4689:
4687:
4686:
4682:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4666:
4659:
4658:
4651:
4649:
4648:
4647:Titanochampsa
4641:
4638:
4637:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4626:Neuquensuchus
4620:
4618:
4617:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4590:
4588:
4587:
4580:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4565:
4555:
4554:
4550:
4547:
4546:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4522:Gobiosuchidae
4516:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4492:
4485:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4411:
4410:Protosuchidae
4404:
4398:
4397:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4386:Stegomosuchus
4380:
4378:
4377:
4376:Platyognathus
4370:
4368:
4367:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4340:
4338:
4337:
4336:Entradasuchus
4330:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4311:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4273:Macelognathus
4270:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4244:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4229:Saltoposuchus
4226:
4224:
4223:
4222:Litargosuchus
4219:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4207:
4201:
4200:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4172:
4170:
4169:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4132:
4130:
4129:
4128:Kayentasuchus
4122:
4120:
4119:
4118:Junggarsuchus
4112:
4109:
4108:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4097:Hesperosuchus
4091:
4089:
4088:
4087:Dromicosuchus
4081:
4079:
4078:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4061:
4060:
4057:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4042:
4038:
4034:
4029:
4025:
4015:
4010:
4007:
4000:
3992:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3948:
3947:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3901:Scolotosuchus
3898:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3886:Procerosuchus
3883:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3840:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3815:Stagonosuchus
3809:
3807:
3806:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3795:Procerosuchus
3789:
3787:
3786:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3716:
3714:
3713:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3702:Decuriasuchus
3696:
3694:
3693:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3682:Batrachotomus
3676:
3674:
3673:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3656:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3608:Shuvosauridae
3605:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3527:Arizonasaurus
3524:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3499:Schultzsuchus
3496:
3494:
3493:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3472:Poposauroidea
3466:
3460:
3459:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3442:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3420:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3396:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3344:Turfanosuchus
3341:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3324:
3323:
3322:Gracilisuchus
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3307:
3295:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3265:Euscolosuchus
3262:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3179:
3173:
3172:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3139:Koilamasuchus
3133:
3130:
3129:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3107:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3081:Ornithosuchus
3078:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3043:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3026:
3024:
3023:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2909:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2827:
2825:
2820:
2818:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2798:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2741:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2657:
2654:
2649:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2598:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2567:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2546:
2544:
2543:Saltoposuchus
2540:
2531:
2528:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2488:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2435:
2431:
2424:
2421:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2396:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2327:
2324:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2301:10.1206/352.1
2297:
2293:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2230:
2227:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2189:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2158:(2): 99–119.
2157:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2142:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2099:
2096:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2066:
2063:
2058:
2056:9780226268392
2052:
2048:
2041:
2038:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1834:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1789:1-84028-152-9
1785:
1781:
1774:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1678:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:(1): 131–157.
1614:
1610:
1609:
1608:Palaeontology
1601:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1554:Litargosuchus
1549:
1546:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1518:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1431:Palaeoecology
1430:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1420:Hesperosuchus
1416:
1412:
1408:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1366:Palaeobiology
1365:
1363:
1361:
1360:Litargosuchus
1356:
1355:Saltoposuchus
1352:
1351:Saltoposuchus
1348:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1324:Saltoposuchus
1321:
1317:
1312:
1311:Saltoposuchus
1308:
1304:
1301:and so was a
1300:
1299:Saltoposuchus
1296:
1292:
1285:
1284:Saltoposuchus
1281:
1274:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1247:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1229:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1181:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1163:Junggarsuchus
1157:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1109:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1073:Dromicosuchus
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:Kayentasuchus
1050:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1032:Hesperosuchus
1026:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1006:
1005:
997:
996:
993:
992:
991:
984:
983:
980:
979:
976:
975:
974:
973:Litargosuchus
967:
966:
960:
959:
956:
955:
952:
951:
950:
949:Saltoposuchus
943:
942:
936:
933:
932:
926:
925:
922:
921:
913:
912:
909:
908:
907:
900:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
890:
883:
882:
876:
875:
869:
868:
865:
864:
861:
856:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
846:
839:
838:
835:
834:
831:
830:
829:
822:
821:
818:
817:
814:
813:
812:
805:
804:
797:
794:
793:
789:
787:
783:
782:
781:Litargosuchus
777:
776:South African
773:
769:
768:Saltoposuchus
765:
761:
758:
754:
753:
752:Saltoposuchus
748:
744:
739:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
706:
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
665:
663:
659:
655:
654:index fossils
651:
650:palynological
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
616:
615:Carboniferous
612:
607:
605:
602:
598:
597:specific name
594:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
564:located near
563:
559:
551:
549:
547:
543:
538:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
510:Notably, the
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
489:
484:
483:pisiform bone
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
449:
445:
438:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
412:
410:
406:
402:
401:dentary bones
398:
394:
389:
387:
382:
374:
367:
365:
363:
359:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:
326:
322:
318:
317:Late Triassic
314:
310:
306:
302:
299:
295:
294:
281:
279:
270:
267:
266:Binomial name
263:
259:
258:
252:
249:
248:
244:
238:
237:
230:
227:
226:
223:
217:
214:
213:
210:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
129:
124:
120:
115:
111:
106:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
38:
32:
31:Late Triassic
26:
22:
19:
4951:
4907:Sphenosuchia
4864:
4827:crocodilians
4798:notosuchians
4752:
4747:Nominosuchus
4745:
4738:
4731:
4724:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4685:Hadongsuchus
4683:
4655:
4645:
4634:
4624:
4614:
4604:
4594:
4584:
4551:
4545:Lisboasaurus
4543:
4536:
4531:Cassissuchus
4529:
4505:
4498:
4475:
4467:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4438:
4433:Edentosuchus
4431:
4424:
4417:
4396:Tagarosuchus
4394:
4384:
4374:
4366:Microchampsa
4364:
4354:
4344:
4334:
4271:
4264:
4259:Almadasuchus
4257:
4250:Hallopodidae
4235:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4197:
4186:
4178:Sphenosuchus
4176:
4166:
4156:
4146:
4136:
4126:
4116:
4105:
4095:
4085:
4075:
4065:
3995:
3944:
3936:
3929:
3921:
3916:Teratosaurus
3914:
3908:Scythosuchus
3906:
3899:
3892:
3884:
3877:
3872:Polonosuchus
3870:
3862:
3856:Energosuchus
3854:
3848:Arganasuchus
3846:
3839:Rauisuchidae
3825:Youngosuchus
3823:
3813:
3803:
3793:
3785:Prestosuchus
3783:
3772:
3764:Luperosuchus
3762:
3751:
3740:
3730:
3722:Fasolasuchus
3720:
3710:
3700:
3690:
3680:
3672:Arganasuchus
3670:
3660:
3629:
3622:
3615:
3595:
3588:
3581:Poposauridae
3568:
3562:Tsylmosuchus
3560:
3553:
3546:
3539:
3534:Bromsgroveia
3532:
3525:
3505:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3456:
3399:
3351:Yonghesuchus
3349:
3342:
3335:
3327:
3320:
3270:
3263:
3258:Acaenasuchus
3256:
3229:
3224:Parringtonia
3222:
3217:Pagosvenator
3215:
3210:Erpetosuchus
3208:
3200:
3192:
3171:Ticinosuchus
3169:
3158:
3148:
3137:
3126:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3074:Dynamosuchus
3072:
3066:Aenigmaspina
3064:
3040:
3030:
3020:
3001:Pseudosuchia
2988:Pseudosuchia
2947:Pseudosuchia
2872:
2838:Pseudosuchia
2760:
2754:
2748:
2740:
2726:cite journal
2709:
2705:
2692:
2670:(2): 57–76.
2667:
2663:
2656:
2613:
2607:
2597:
2576:
2572:
2566:
2557:
2551:
2542:
2538:
2530:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2487:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2448:
2429:
2423:
2404:
2400:
2394:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2326:
2291:
2285:
2248:(1): 73–93.
2245:
2239:
2229:
2204:
2198:
2194:
2188:
2155:
2149:
2140:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2079:
2075:
2065:
2046:
2040:
2029:. Retrieved
2024:. Berkeley:
2015:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1951:
1948:Paleobiology
1947:
1937:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1844:
1838:
1832:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1779:
1773:
1730:
1724:
1714:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1636:
1632:
1612:
1606:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1495:
1490:coelophysoid
1483:
1473:Aenigmaspina
1471:
1467:
1465:
1460:
1435:
1434:
1424:
1418:
1414:
1411:vascularised
1406:
1404:
1390:
1385:
1383:
1374:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1335:
1332:Ph.D. thesis
1323:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1283:
1202:
1201:
1187:Hallopodidae
1185:
1184:
1161:
1160:
1137:
1136:
1115:Sphenosuchus
1113:
1112:
1071:
1070:
1054:
1053:
1030:
1029:
989:
988:
987:
971:
970:
947:
946:
904:
903:
887:
886:
859:
843:
842:
826:
825:
811:Erpetosuchus
809:
808:
785:
779:
767:
763:
750:
742:
740:
735:
728:paraphyletic
720:Sphenosuchia
711:
710:
692:
685:Durdham Down
673:Tytherington
668:
666:
621:
608:
603:
592:
590:generic name
582:missing link
557:
555:
541:
531:
515:
509:
500:
496:
492:
486:
474:
469:(wrist) and
458:
454:
452:
424:
416:
413:
404:
390:
385:
380:
379:
361:
350:
339:crocodilians
334:
329:
328:
292:
291:
290:
277:
272:
256:
255:
235:
234:
202:
196:Pseudosuchia
189:
176:
24:
18:
4912:Protosuchia
4792:Ziphosuchia
4781:Ziphosuchia
4726:Adzhosuchus
4596:Hsisosuchus
4553:Zaraasuchus
4538:Gobiosuchus
4507:Orthosuchus
4500:Notochampsa
4477:Protosuchus
4461:Orthosuchus
4454:Hoplosuchus
4426:Dianosuchus
4107:Heteropelta
3879:Postosuchus
3805:Saurosuchus
3774:Mandasuchus
3742:Heteropelta
3732:Heptasuchus
3662:Apatosuchus
3631:Sillosuchus
3624:Shuvosaurus
3570:Xilousuchus
3507:Qianosuchus
3458:Mambawakale
3337:Parvosuchus
3194:Archeopelta
3160:Nundasuchus
3150:Mandasuchus
3128:Heteropelta
3088:Riojasuchus
3042:Phytosauria
3032:Nundasuchus
2877:Archosauria
2712:: 257–287.
2141:Clevosaurus
1870:11336/66393
1526:Clevosaurus
1441:archipelago
574:South Wales
488:Protosuchus
477:was highly
463:digitigrade
368:Description
330:T. gracilis
319:during the
284:Crush, 1984
183:Archosauria
5050:Categories
4917:Mesosuchia
4902:Bathyotica
4892:Rauisuchia
4890:See also:
4769:Metasuchia
4606:Induszalim
4199:Trialestes
3967:see below↓
3923:Tikisuchus
3894:Rauisuchus
3864:Jushatyria
3712:Etjosuchus
3692:Dagasuchus
3597:Poposaurus
3492:Lotosaurus
3371:see below↓
3294:Aetosauria
3283:Aetosauria
2956:see below↓
2908:Sauropsida
2893:Sauropsida
2868:Sauropsida
2508:(3): 29A.
2031:2020-03-13
1570:References
1488:, and the
1485:Pantydraco
889:Trialestes
634:sandstones
586:thecodonts
512:acetabulum
505:Crurotarsi
467:metacarpus
397:premaxilla
4825:includes
4821:Neosuchia
4810:Neosuchia
4796:includes
4740:Kyasuchus
4138:Parrishia
2854:Kingdom:
2630:0962-8452
2522:220410105
2347:: e2801.
2310:2246/6112
2294:: 1–292.
2007:0021-8782
1968:0094-8373
1706:130477525
1661:219190410
1453:sinkholes
1379:cockroach
1338:in 2010.
860:CM 73372
772:see below
724:cladistic
618:limestone
599:from the
570:Glamorgan
566:Cowbridhe
520:dinosaurs
479:cursorial
429:gastralia
355:limestone
250:Species:
146:Kingdom:
140:Eukaryota
4961:Wikidata
4927:Category
4706:Zosuchus
4356:Kemkemia
4266:Hallopus
4067:Carnufex
3646:Loricata
3231:Tarjadia
2862:Chordata
2860:Phylum:
2856:Animalia
2797:34754500
2648:15306317
2589:Illinois
2560:: 72–74.
2373:28133565
2318:83493714
1929:85244618
1879:88719030
1765:26716001
1506:tuataras
1497:Pendraig
1493:theropod
1481:dinosaur
845:Carnufex
716:suborder
677:Cromhall
656:such as
630:fissures
604:gracilis
395:and the
321:Rhaetian
215:Family:
170:Reptilia
160:Chordata
156:Phylum:
150:Animalia
136:Domain:
37:Rhaetian
5020:3605972
5007:1451489
4994:4817553
4981:4473019
4967:Q981048
3931:Vivaron
3617:Effigia
3329:Maehary
3202:Dyoplax
2866:Class:
2788:8493203
2765:Bibcode
2672:Bibcode
2639:1691755
2467:Bibcode
2364:5251941
2250:Bibcode
2209:Bibcode
2160:Bibcode
2113:: 1–2.
1909:Bibcode
1849:Bibcode
1756:4680616
1735:Bibcode
1686:Bibcode
1641:Bibcode
1552:Though
1457:caverns
1449:karstic
1445:Bristol
1439:palaeo-
798:
681:Bristol
642:Carnian
393:maxilla
343:Britain
298:extinct
275:†
254:†
241:Crush,
228:Genus:
166:Class:
3111:Suchia
2795:
2785:
2646:
2636:
2628:
2585:DeKalb
2520:
2436:
2371:
2361:
2316:
2053:
2005:
1966:
1927:
1877:
1786:
1763:
1753:
1704:
1659:
1326:to be
1316:et al.
786:et al.
757:family
747:German
664:data.
646:Norian
296:is an
5033:38316
5002:IRMNG
2873:Clade
2702:(PDF)
2548:(PDF)
2518:S2CID
2341:PeerJ
2314:S2CID
2146:(PDF)
1925:S2CID
1875:S2CID
1702:S2CID
1657:S2CID
1603:(PDF)
1540:Notes
778:form
638:marls
601:Latin
528:femur
524:clade
421:pubis
358:karst
309:Wales
301:genus
203:Clade
190:Clade
177:Clade
4989:GBIF
4819:see
4790:see
4296:see
3292:see
2933:see
2906:see
2793:PMID
2732:link
2644:PMID
2626:ISSN
2500:!".
2434:ISBN
2369:PMID
2051:ISBN
2003:ISSN
1964:ISSN
1784:ISBN
1761:PMID
1455:and
1309:and
766:and
675:and
660:and
636:and
609:The
461:was
325:type
311:and
243:1984
43:PreꞒ
4976:EoL
2783:PMC
2773:doi
2714:doi
2680:doi
2634:PMC
2618:doi
2614:271
2510:doi
2475:doi
2409:doi
2405:199
2359:PMC
2349:doi
2306:hdl
2296:doi
2292:352
2258:doi
2246:131
2217:doi
2205:125
2176:hdl
2168:doi
2156:129
2115:doi
2111:166
2084:doi
2080:163
1995:doi
1991:242
1956:doi
1917:doi
1865:hdl
1857:doi
1751:PMC
1743:doi
1694:doi
1682:103
1649:doi
1637:379
1532:).
644:to
572:in
530:of
5052::
5030::
5017::
5004::
4991::
4978::
4963::
2875::
2791:.
2781:.
2771:.
2759:.
2753:.
2728:}}
2724:{{
2710:67
2708:.
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1985:.
1962:.
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1514:,
1500:.
1362:.
568:,
411:.
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205::
192::
179::
93:Pg
33:,
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4622:†
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4519:†
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232:†
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88:K
83:J
78:T
73:P
68:C
63:D
58:S
53:O
48:Ꞓ
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