166:
652:" for the politicization (i.e., a literal reflection of perceived political realities) of modern, reproducible art both to reflect the state of a society and to incite change. Like both Benjamin and Adorno, Marcuse believed that art promises resistance to societal repression, and that a cultural revolution is necessarily connected to a political or social revolution. Adorno (as represented mainly by his posthumous
553:
1909:
541:
665:
Marcuse then pointed to what he perceived to be the successes of high culture and translated these to all areas of art. For
Marcuse, art's promise of transcendence could only be fulfilled via a conceptual independence from society, but this independence is accessible through a host of media. The
658:) and Marcuse agreed that this possibility must be realized through artistic detachment and symbolism. Marcuse however offered a more inclusive and less radical suggestion for modern art's source of power than did Adorno, who believed that the works of
1708:
694:
as well. He further stated that "This standard not only allows us to distinguish between "high" and "trivial" literature, opera and operetta, comedy and slapstick, but also between good and bad art within these genres."
678:
This successful art must necessarily invoke a longing for something utopian and the promise of ultimate happiness represented by beauty. This symbolic longing for fulfillment will awaken us from complacency.
1758:
649:
253:
583:
237:
809:
1688:
27:
784:
576:
970:
839:
374:
495:
246:
1954:
1949:
1944:
569:
137:
1934:
1589:
1282:
737:
935:
188:
1267:
1192:
1891:
1818:
879:
859:
389:
1417:
1247:
777:
181:
1939:
1124:
916:
457:
432:
149:
1402:
165:
1778:
1562:
963:
909:
770:
1317:
26:
713:
1838:
1342:
1212:
510:
462:
1768:
1718:
1475:
1177:
1043:
869:
1896:
1470:
1423:
1332:
1157:
1130:
1104:
1038:
829:
819:
515:
230:
195:
1445:
1858:
1738:
1728:
1636:
1609:
1512:
1292:
1033:
1901:
1868:
1843:
1678:
1631:
1626:
1440:
1397:
1387:
1357:
1337:
1222:
1074:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
956:
849:
452:
422:
223:
216:
202:
1312:
1863:
1853:
1823:
1798:
1584:
1522:
1382:
1182:
1089:
1008:
993:
394:
364:
334:
90:
309:
1913:
1873:
1748:
1641:
1615:
1257:
1217:
1172:
1152:
1109:
1084:
1003:
998:
545:
520:
384:
349:
344:
274:
132:
686:
the primary source of his influence for this system, but feels that the ideas would apply to
1377:
1327:
1272:
1187:
1119:
654:
625:
505:
467:
442:
399:
354:
339:
299:
157:
1262:
1202:
1079:
793:
641:
637:
614:
602:
525:
437:
359:
329:
284:
40:
1848:
1828:
1698:
1455:
1407:
1367:
1302:
1252:
1232:
1167:
645:
557:
500:
477:
427:
319:
279:
209:
753:
1928:
1878:
1668:
1527:
1450:
1392:
1307:
1287:
1147:
1099:
304:
1482:
1347:
1227:
1207:
1059:
659:
404:
324:
314:
294:
97:
1709:
A Philosophical
Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful
1651:
1604:
1460:
1412:
1372:
1322:
1114:
691:
289:
1621:
1599:
1492:
1277:
1237:
1197:
1064:
979:
683:
618:
610:
552:
379:
369:
76:
1532:
1502:
1297:
1242:
1162:
1094:
472:
447:
1833:
1567:
1517:
1497:
1362:
1646:
1594:
1552:
1537:
1507:
1069:
1579:
1557:
1487:
1465:
607:
Die
Permanenz der Kunst: Wider eine bestimmte marxistische Ästhetik
51:
Die
Permanenz der Kunst: Wider eine bestimmte marxistische Ästhetik
1352:
762:
687:
621:'s political implications and relationship with society at large.
20:
The
Aesthetic Dimension: Towards a Critique of Marxist Aesthetics
1573:
1547:
624:
It is the final major work by
Marcuse, a founding member of the
598:
The
Aesthetic Dimension: Toward a Critique of Marxist Aesthetics
952:
766:
1542:
948:
682:
Marcuse stated in the book's introduction that he considered
757:
662:
were the sole artistic source of potential emancipation.
1759:
The Work of Art in the Age of
Mechanical Reproduction
650:
The Work of Art in the Age of
Mechanical Reproduction
1811:
1660:
1433:
1140:
1052:
986:
926:
901:
800:
636:The book is a response to previous writings within
131:
123:
115:
107:
82:
72:
64:
56:
46:
36:
714:"Benjamin's '...Age of Mechanical Reproduction'"
810:Hegel's Ontology and the Theory of Historicity
964:
778:
617:, in which the author provides an account of
577:
8:
1689:The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons
733:
731:
19:
971:
957:
949:
785:
771:
763:
584:
570:
144:
25:
18:
640:on the subject of art, notably those of
704:
648:. Marcuse rejected Benjamin's call in "
156:
7:
840:Soviet Marxism: A Critical Analysis
496:Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory
247:The Theory of Communicative Action
14:
1907:
551:
539:
238:The Structural Transformation of
164:
60:Herbert Marcuse, Erica Sherover
936:Secret Reports on Nazi Germany
666:successful artist will attain
256:Age of Mechanical Reproduction
1:
1819:Aestheticization of politics
880:Counterrevolution and Revolt
860:A Critique of Pure Tolerance
1971:
182:Dialectic of Enlightenment
31:Cover of the first edition
1887:
917:Technological rationality
433:Communicative rationality
24:
1955:Works by Herbert Marcuse
1950:German non-fiction books
1945:Carl Hanser Verlag books
910:Repressive desublimation
676:symbolic representation.
1839:Evolutionary aesthetics
1789:The Aesthetic Dimension
890:The Aesthetic Dimension
738:The Aesthetic Dimension
16:Book by Herbert Marcuse
1935:1977 non-fiction books
1769:Avant-Garde and Kitsch
1719:Lectures on Aesthetics
870:An Essay on Liberation
606:
254:The Work of Art in the
1914:Philosophy portal
830:Eros and Civilization
820:Reason and Revolution
546:Philosophy portal
231:Reason and Revolution
196:Eros and Civilization
1859:Philosophy of design
1739:In Praise of Shadows
1729:The Critic as Artist
670:in his work through
609:) is a 1977 book on
1869:Philosophy of music
1844:Mathematical beauty
850:One-Dimensional Man
613:by the philosopher
453:Legitimation crisis
423:Advanced capitalism
224:One-Dimensional Man
217:Negative Dialectics
203:Escape from Freedom
47:Original title
21:
1864:Philosophy of film
1854:Patterns in nature
1824:Applied aesthetics
1799:Why Beauty Matters
1585:Life imitating art
1446:Art for art's sake
740:marginalutility.or
558:Society portal
417:Important concepts
91:Carl Hanser Verlag
1922:
1921:
1874:Psychology of art
1749:Art as Experience
946:
945:
594:
593:
521:Social alienation
269:Notable theorists
240:the Public Sphere
189:Eclipse of Reason
143:
142:
108:Publication place
1962:
1940:Aesthetics books
1912:
1911:
1910:
1804:
1794:
1784:
1774:
1764:
1754:
1744:
1734:
1724:
1714:
1704:
1694:
1684:
1674:
973:
966:
959:
950:
939:
919:
912:
894:
884:
874:
864:
854:
844:
834:
824:
814:
787:
780:
773:
764:
741:
735:
726:
725:
723:
721:
709:
674:that results in
655:Aesthetic Theory
626:Frankfurt School
586:
579:
572:
556:
555:
544:
543:
542:
506:Marxist humanism
443:Culture industry
168:
158:Frankfurt School
145:
29:
22:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1883:
1807:
1802:
1792:
1782:
1779:Critical Essays
1772:
1762:
1752:
1742:
1732:
1722:
1712:
1702:
1692:
1682:
1672:
1656:
1429:
1343:Ortega y Gasset
1136:
1048:
982:
977:
947:
942:
933:
922:
915:
908:
897:
887:
877:
867:
857:
847:
837:
827:
817:
807:
796:
794:Herbert Marcuse
791:
754:Herbert Marcuse
750:
745:
744:
736:
729:
719:
717:
712:Richard Kazis.
711:
710:
706:
701:
642:Walter Benjamin
638:critical theory
634:
615:Herbert Marcuse
590:
550:
540:
538:
531:
530:
526:Western Marxism
491:
483:
482:
463:Popular culture
438:Critical theory
418:
410:
409:
270:
262:
261:
255:
239:
176:
116:Media type
103:
41:Herbert Marcuse
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1968:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1849:Neuroesthetics
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1829:Arts criticism
1826:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1795:
1785:
1775:
1765:
1755:
1745:
1735:
1725:
1715:
1705:
1699:On the Sublime
1695:
1685:
1675:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1570:
1565:
1563:Interpretation
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1463:
1458:
1456:Artistic merit
1453:
1448:
1443:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1105:Psychoanalysis
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
990:
988:
984:
983:
978:
976:
975:
968:
961:
953:
944:
943:
941:
940:
930:
928:
924:
923:
921:
920:
913:
905:
903:
899:
898:
896:
895:
885:
875:
865:
855:
845:
835:
825:
815:
804:
802:
798:
797:
792:
790:
789:
782:
775:
767:
761:
760:
749:
748:External links
746:
743:
742:
727:
703:
702:
700:
697:
646:Theodor Adorno
633:
630:
592:
591:
589:
588:
581:
574:
566:
563:
562:
561:
560:
548:
533:
532:
529:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
501:Freudo-Marxism
498:
492:
490:Related topics
489:
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
478:Psychoanalysis
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
428:Antipositivism
425:
419:
416:
415:
412:
411:
408:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
271:
268:
267:
264:
263:
260:
259:
250:
243:
234:
227:
220:
213:
210:Minima Moralia
206:
199:
192:
185:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
161:
160:
154:
153:
141:
140:
135:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
104:
102:
101:
94:
86:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
48:
44:
43:
38:
34:
33:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1967:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1915:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1880:
1879:Theory of art
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1669:Hippias Major
1666:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1528:Entertainment
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1451:Art manifesto
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1441:Appropriation
1439:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:Merleau-Ponty
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1148:Abhinavagupta
1146:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1100:Postmodernism
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
989:
985:
981:
974:
969:
967:
962:
960:
955:
954:
951:
938:
937:
932:
931:
929:
927:Miscellaneous
925:
918:
914:
911:
907:
906:
904:
900:
892:
891:
886:
882:
881:
876:
872:
871:
866:
862:
861:
856:
852:
851:
846:
842:
841:
836:
832:
831:
826:
822:
821:
816:
812:
811:
806:
805:
803:
799:
795:
788:
783:
781:
776:
774:
769:
768:
765:
759:
755:
752:
751:
747:
739:
734:
732:
728:
715:
708:
705:
698:
696:
693:
689:
685:
680:
677:
673:
669:
663:
661:
657:
656:
651:
647:
643:
639:
631:
629:
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:
587:
582:
580:
575:
573:
568:
567:
565:
564:
559:
554:
549:
547:
537:
536:
535:
534:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
493:
487:
486:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
420:
414:
413:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
272:
266:
265:
257:
251:
249:
248:
244:
242:
241:
235:
233:
232:
228:
226:
225:
221:
219:
218:
214:
212:
211:
207:
205:
204:
200:
198:
197:
193:
191:
190:
186:
184:
183:
179:
178:
172:
171:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:
139:
138:0-333-26674-9
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
100:, in English)
99:
95:
92:
88:
87:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:
49:
45:
42:
39:
35:
28:
23:
1797:
1788:
1787:
1777:
1747:
1737:
1717:
1707:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1667:
1614:
1590:Magnificence
1572:
1422:
1388:Schopenhauer
1223:Coomaraswamy
1141:Philosophers
1129:
1060:Aestheticism
934:
889:
888:
878:
868:
858:
848:
838:
828:
818:
808:
758:Marxists.org
718:. Retrieved
707:
681:
675:
671:
667:
664:
660:high culture
653:
635:
623:
597:
596:
595:
458:Non-identity
245:
236:
229:
222:
215:
208:
201:
194:
187:
180:
98:Beacon Press
93:, in German)
50:
1683:(c. 335 BC)
1673:(c. 390 BC)
1652:Work of art
1605:Picturesque
1461:Avant-garde
1418:Winckelmann
1293:Kierkegaard
1218:Collingwood
1188:Baudrillard
1115:Romanticism
1085:Historicism
1019:Mathematics
720:October 28,
692:visual arts
516:Reification
511:Recognition
395:Sohn-Rethel
340:Kirchheimer
175:Major works
1929:Categories
1622:Recreation
1600:Perception
1493:Creativity
1193:Baumgarten
1183:Baudelaire
1065:Classicism
980:Aesthetics
716:. Jump Cut
699:References
684:literature
672:detachment
619:modern art
611:aesthetics
320:Horkheimer
77:Aesthetics
57:Translator
1627:Reverence
1533:Eroticism
1503:Depiction
1476:Masculine
1378:Santayana
1338:Nietzsche
1283:Hutcheson
1273:Heidegger
1258:Greenberg
1213:Coleridge
1178:Balthasar
1163:Aristotle
1125:Theosophy
1120:Symbolism
1095:Modernism
1080:Formalism
473:Privatism
448:Dialectic
355:Löwenthal
345:Kompridis
83:Published
1902:Category
1834:Axiology
1703:(c. 500)
1693:(c. 100)
1568:Judgment
1523:Emotions
1518:Elegance
1498:Cuteness
1471:Feminine
1434:Concepts
1403:Tanizaki
1383:Schiller
1368:Richards
1358:Rancière
1328:Maritain
1263:Hanslick
1203:Benjamin
1075:Feminism
1044:Theology
1024:Medieval
1014:Japanese
1009:Internet
902:Concepts
365:McCarthy
350:Kuhlmann
335:Kracauer
310:Habermas
300:Grünberg
285:Benjamin
150:a series
148:Part of
65:Language
1897:Outline
1812:Related
1679:Poetics
1647:Tragedy
1637:Sublime
1610:Quality
1595:Mimesis
1553:Harmony
1538:Fashion
1513:Ecstasy
1508:Disgust
1424:more...
1393:Scruton
1318:Lyotard
1253:Goodman
1233:Deleuze
1168:Aquinas
1158:Alberti
1131:more...
1110:Realism
1090:Marxism
1070:Fascism
1053:Schools
1039:Science
994:Ancient
632:Summary
405:Wingert
400:Wellmer
390:Schmidt
385:Pollock
375:Neumann
360:Marcuse
315:Honneth
111:Germany
73:Subject
1803:(2009)
1793:(1977)
1783:(1946)
1773:(1939)
1763:(1935)
1753:(1934)
1743:(1933)
1733:(1891)
1723:(1835)
1713:(1757)
1580:Kitsch
1558:Humour
1488:Comedy
1466:Beauty
1408:Vasari
1398:Tagore
1373:Ruskin
1313:Lukács
1303:Langer
1248:Goethe
1173:Balázs
1153:Adorno
1034:Nature
999:Africa
893:(1977)
883:(1972)
873:(1969)
863:(1965)
853:(1964)
843:(1958)
833:(1955)
823:(1941)
813:(1932)
603:German
468:Praxis
325:Jaeggi
275:Adorno
152:on the
96:1978 (
89:1977 (
68:German
37:Author
1892:Index
1661:Works
1642:Taste
1632:Style
1413:Wilde
1353:Plato
1348:Pater
1308:Lipps
1268:Hegel
1238:Dewey
1228:Danto
1208:Burke
1029:Music
1004:India
987:Areas
801:Books
688:music
668:truth
330:Kluge
305:Geuss
295:Forst
290:Fromm
124:Pages
119:Print
1616:Rasa
1574:Kama
1548:Gaze
1483:Camp
1363:Rand
1298:Klee
1288:Kant
1278:Hume
1198:Bell
722:2014
690:and
644:and
380:Offe
370:Negt
280:Apel
133:ISBN
1543:Fun
1323:Man
1243:Fry
756:at
1931::
1771:"
1761:"
1731:"
730:^
628:.
605::
127:88
1767:"
1757:"
1727:"
972:e
965:t
958:v
786:e
779:t
772:v
724:.
601:(
585:e
578:t
571:v
258:"
252:"
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
