509:". The narrator of "CelephaĂŻs," who is the last of a noble family that lived in an ancestral manor for thirteen generations at the coast on the other side of the Surrey downs from London, perishes in the story by drowning at the foot of a sea cliff below his ancestral home, which is named Trevor Towers. Thus, the narrator's name was Trevor, and his family would have been nobility at the time of Lady Margaret's marriage. (After the narrator of "CelephaĂŻs" dies in the story, his dream-self lived on in the Dream-World, where he ruled a city and had the name Kuranes, and appears as a character in yet another Lovecraft work, "The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath", where it is confirmed that his ancestral home was on the coast of Cornwall.)
42:
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188:, before devolving into a cacophony of animalistic grunts. He is subsequently subdued and placed in a mental institution. At least one other investigator, Thornton, has gone insane as well. Soon after, Exham Priory is destroyed and the investigators decide to cover up the existence of the underground city. Delapore maintains his innocence, proclaiming that it was "the rats, the rats in the walls", who ate the man. He continues to be plagued by the sound of rats in the walls of his cell.
168:. To the dismay of nearby residents, he restores the estate. After moving in, Delapore and his cat frequently hear the sounds of rats scurrying behind the walls. Upon investigating further with the assistance of his son's war comrade Edward Norrys and several academics, and through recurring dreams, Delapore learns that his family maintained an underground city for centuries, where they raised generations of "human cattle"—some regressed to a quadrupedal state—to supply their
451:'s "The Unbroken Chain" as a model for Lovecraft's "The Rats in the Walls". In his essay, Lovecraft writes, "Later work of Mr. Cobb introduces an element of possible science, as in the tale of hereditary memory where a modern man with a negroid strain utters words in African jungle speech when run down by a train under visual and aural circumstances recalling the maiming of his black ancestor by a rhinoceros a century before."
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321:, probably in the 17th century. He is the ancestor of the American Delapores and is the only De la Poer not hated by the people of Anchester, who revere him as a hero. He was remembered as "a shy, gentle youth", and later as "harassed and apprehensive"; Francis Harley of Bellview, "another gentleman-adventurer", regarded him as "a man of unexampled justice, honor, and delicacy."
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ones who initially find the altar that leads to the grotto beneath the priory, and is ultimately killed and partially eaten by the now-insane
Delapore, who is revealed to have hated him due to him having lived while Alfred died. It is also implied that Norrys is the model for the "animals" that Delapore sees being herded by the swineherd in his dreams.
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married
Godfrey De la Poer, second son of the fifth Baron of Exham, probably in the 14th or 15th centuries. Her description in the story vaguely resembles that of the historical figure Countess Bathory. Such was her enthusiasm for the Exham cult, that she "became a favorite bane of children all over
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to write to the magazine praising the work. This letter was passed on to
Lovecraft and the two became friends and correspondents over the next six years until Howard's death in 1936. This literary connection became reflected in each author adding aspects from the other's works to their own tales and
243:
excited most of the world in their day." It is
Brinton who figures out how to move the counter-weighted altar that leads to the caverns, and who noted that the hewn walls must have been chiseled "from beneath". He is the only member of the expedition who retains his composure, when they discover the
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A captain in the Royal Flying Corps during World War I, Edward Norrys befriends Alfred, and amuses him by telling him the "peasant superstitions" surrounding his family's history, which Norrys picked up in his native
Anchester. He is described as "a plump, amiable young man". He and Delapore are the
258:
in the scale of evolution, but in every case definitely human". (The
Piltdown man, a supposedly prehistoric specimen discovered in 1912, was not revealed as an alleged hoax until 1953, thirty years after the publication of "The Rats in the Walls".) Trask determines that "some of the skeleton things
343:". He is a cousin of the narrator, who regards him as "the one known scandal of my immediate forebears", and who sees this race-mixing life as "unpleasantly reminiscent" of the "monstrous habits" of the ancestral De la Poers. Carfax Abbey is the name of Count Dracula's British outpost in the novel
384:, a legendary Irish holy site, and the story of the priory's rats sweeping across the landscape may have been inspired by the book's retelling of the legend of Bishop Hatto, who was devoured by rats after he set fire to starving peasants during a famine (a story referenced in the legend of the
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A nameless being (heavily implied to represent
Delapore himself) that Delapore sees in his dreams, tending to his unseen herd in a twilit grotto. It is his dreams of the swineherd that drive Delapore to investigate the city beneath the priory, as it matches the grotto that he sees in his
413:'s "The Sin-Eater". Macleod included a footnote that translated the passage as: "God against thee and in thy face… and may a death of woe be yours… Evil and sorrow to thee and thine!" Lovecraft wrote to Frank Belknap Long, "he only objection to the phrase is that it's
504:
Lady
Margaret Trevor of Cornwall (mentioned in "Characters" above), the Elizabeth Bathory-like noblewoman who wed a scion of the De La Poer family in the fourteenth or fifteenth century, was apparently a direct ancestor of the narrator in another Lovecraft story,
172:. This was stopped when Delapore's ancestor Walter killed his entire family in their sleep and left the country in order to end the horror, leaving the remaining human livestock and a surviving relative to be devoured by the rats inhabiting the city's cesspits.
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called "Rats" "one of the finest stories of
Lovecraft's entire career." S. T. Joshi describes the piece as "a nearly flawless example of the short story in its condensation, its narrative pacing, its thunderous climax, and its mingling of horror and poignancy."
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Long after writing "The Rats in the Walls", Lovecraft wrote that the story was "suggested by a very commonplace incident—the cracking of wall-paper late at night, and the chain of imaginings resulting from it." Another entry in
Lovecraft's
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After marrying the Earl of Shrewsfield (a title invented by Lovecraft), she was killed by her new husband and mother-in-law. When they explained their reasons to the priest they confessed to, he "absolved and blessed" them for their
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The narrator's son, born c. 1894. He goes to England as an aviation officer during World War I, where he hears stories about his ancestors for the first time. He is badly wounded in 1918, surviving for two more years as a "maimed
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Maddened by the revelations of his family's past, a hereditary cruelty, and his anger over his son's death, Delapore attacks Norrys in the dark of the cavernous city and begins eating him while rambling in a mixture of
547:, JC Henneberger, described the story in a note to Lovecraft as the best his magazine had ever received. It was one of the few Lovecraft stories anthologized during his lifetime, in the 1931 collection
612:, even though the story itself contains no negative racial depictions. Lovecraft owned a cat by that name until 1904. The cat had likely been given its name when Lovecraft was about age nine.
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467:, the mad faceless god, howls blindly to the piping of two amorphous idiot flute-players." In this reference to Nyarlathotep, the first after his introduction in the prose poem
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The eleventh Baron of Exham, he killed all the other members of his family with the help of four servants, about two weeks after making a "shocking discovery", and then fled to
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A cat owned by the narrator, originally named "Nigger-Man", but changed to "Black Tom" when the story was reprinted in Zest magazine (1950s). He could detect the spectral rats.
437:"—a note that, passed on to Lovecraft, initiated their voluminous correspondence. The Cymric-speaking area at that time covered not only Wales, but all of the island below
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in 1261. There is "no evil report" connected to the family name before this point, but within 50 years, a chronicle is referring to an unnamed De la Poer as "cursed of God".
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One of the "eminent authorities" that accompanies Delapore's expedition beneath Exham Priory, Sir William Brinton is an archaeologist "whose excavations in the
562:) without giving a full explanation of its contents, so as to give the impression of depth and hidden layers to his work. He later refined this idea with the
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The expedition's "psychic investigator", Thornton faints twice when confronted with the nightmarish relics below Exham Priory, and ends up committed to the
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The narrator. His first name is not mentioned. He changes the spelling of his name back to the ancestral "De la Poer" after moving to England. The title of
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543:; Lovecraft claimed that the former magazine found it "too horrible for the tender sensibilities of a delicately nurtured publick". The publisher of
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stories; toward the end, the narrator notes that the rats seem "determined to lead me on even unto those grinning caverns of earth's centre where
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380:(1862–68) as a source for Lovecraft's story. The description of the cavern under the priory has many similarities to Baring-Gould's account of
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with Delapore, though they are prevented from speaking to one another. Hanwell was an actual asylum, which Lovecraft probably read of in
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as the south-of-England locale demands. But as with anthropology—details don't count. Nobody will ever stop to note the difference."
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In 1923, an American named Delapore, the last descendant of the De la Poer family, moves to his ancestral estate of Exham Priory in
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754:. This adaptation was later used as part of a limited edition LP release along with his audio adaptation of the Lovecraft story "
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Before moving to Exham Priory, Delapore lives in Bolton, Massachusetts, a factory town where the title character of "
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also seems to provide a plot germ for the story: "Horrible secret in crypt of ancient castle—discovered by dweller."
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the countryside, and the daemon heroine of a particularly horrible old ballad not yet extinct near the
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suggesting that the language choice reflected "Lluyd's theory as to the settling of Britain by the
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Howard is considered one of the more prolific of the original Cthulhu Mythos authors.
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must have descended as quadrupeds through the last twenty or more generations".
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Lovecraft, Howard P. (1984) . "The Rats in the Walls". In Joshi, S. T. (ed.).
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1139:(9th corrected printing ed.). Sauk City, Wisconsin: Arkham House.
650: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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has posited that one surface feature of the story may be found in
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146:. Written in August–September 1923, it was first published in
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is that a reprint of this story in the June 1930 edition of
486:"; it is not thought to be the same place as the real-world
459:"The Rats in the Walls" is loosely connected to Lovecraft's
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A collection of public domain H. P. Lovecraft short fiction
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narrated an audio adaptation on the old-time radio program
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The first Baron of Exham, granted title to Exham Priory by
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Randolph Delapore of Carfax, the Delapores' estate on the
1400:
Facts Concerning the Late Arthur Jermyn and His Family
976:"A Possible Poe Influence on "The Rats in the Walls"".
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Steven J. Mariconda, "Baring-Gould and the Ghouls",
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571:Equally important to the later development of the
2043:H. P. Lovecraft: Against the World, Against Life
409:quoted at the end of the story is borrowed from
1103:"HPLHS - The H.P. Lovecraft Historical Society"
1000:The Annotated Supernatural Horror in Literature
608:-Man," has often been cited in discussions of
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1063:New Maps of Hell:A Survey of Science Fiction
795:produced an audio dramatization under their
568:, prevalent in his Cthulhu Mythos stories.
2315:Cultural depictions of Henry III of England
2064:Lovecraft: A Look Behind the Cthulhu Mythos
1170:Lovecraft: A Look Behind the Cthulhu Mythos
1050:Lovecraft: A Look Behind the Cthulhu Mythos
164:following the death of his only son during
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273:'s "The Coronation of Mr. Thomas Shap" in
254:below Exham Priory—"mostly lower than the
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2310:Works originally published in Weird Tales
710:Learn how and when to remove this message
551:, edited by Christine Campbell Thompson.
1920:Autobiography: Some Notes on a Nonentity
1006:: Hippocampus Press. 2000. p. 99.
939:Joshi, S.T.; Schultz, David E. (2004).
892:Joshi, S.T.; Schultz, David E. (2004).
840:. The Library of America. p. 823.
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2155:Works influenced by the Cthulhu Mythos
1039:Vol. I, p. 259, cited in Joshi, p. 23.
929:Vol. V, p. 181, cited in Joshi, p. 23.
335:, "went among the Negros and became a
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1210:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
765:released a cassette and LP featuring
427:, however, wrote a letter in 1930 to
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1302:A Reminiscence of Dr. Samuel Johnson
1158:, S. T. Joshi and Peter Cannon, eds.
648:adding citations to reliable sources
1835:Through the Gates of the Silver Key
513:Literary significance and criticism
339:priest, after he returned from the
16:1923 short story by H. P. Lovecraft
2165:H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society
1610:The Strange High House in the Mist
967:, Robert M. Price, ed., pp. 42-48.
943:. Hippocampus Press. p. 223.
14:
2295:Short stories about mice and rats
1906:Supernatural Horror in Literature
1708:The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath
896:. Hippocampus Press. p. 63.
792:H.P. Lovecraft Historical Society
2305:Short stories by H. P. Lovecraft
2300:Short stories adapted into films
2234:
2233:
1365:The Statement of Randolph Carter
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741:has produced a radio adaptation.
624:
378:Curious Myths of the Middle Ages
49:
2050:An H. P. Lovecraft Encyclopedia
1754:The Case of Charles Dexter Ward
730:have adapted the story for the
635:needs additional citations for
2207:Lovecraft: Fear of the Unknown
1065:. Victor Gollancz, 1961, p.25.
941:An H.P. Lovecraft Encyclopedia
894:An H.P. Lovecraft Encyclopedia
782:is based upon this story and "
529:first appeared in, March 1924.
400:The Fall of the House of Usher
372:Steven J. Mariconda points to
1:
1662:The Dreams in the Witch House
1358:The Doom That Came to Sarnath
1337:The Transition of Juan Romero
1135:The Dunwich Horror and Others
864:takes place during the story.
739:Atlanta Radio Theater Company
2280:Short stories set in England
2275:Cthulhu Mythos short stories
1793:The Horror at Martin's Beach
798:Dark Adventure Radio Theater
610:Lovecraft's racial attitudes
1722:At the Mountains of Madness
592:listed "Rats" (along with "
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2220:The Thing in the Moonlight
1899:The Cancer of Superstition
533:The story was rejected by
2265:Fiction about cannibalism
2229:
1729:The Shadow over Innsmouth
1715:The Whisperer in Darkness
1669:The Thing on the Doorstep
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539:before being accepted by
501:, known as Magna Mater).
244:horrors below the priory.
39:
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2270:Short stories about cats
1828:The Horror in the Museum
1428:The Picture in the House
1316:Beyond the Wall of Sleep
1156:More Annotated Lovecraft
1026:Joshi and Cannon, p. 44.
293:Lady Margaret Trevor of
2036:H. P. Lovecraft: A Life
1913:To Quebec and the Stars
1690:The Haunter of the Dark
1617:The Colour Out of Space
1491:Herbert West–Reanimator
1484:The Music of Erich Zann
1163:The Annotated Lovecraft
659:"The Rats in the Walls"
536:Argosy All-Story Weekly
484:The Colour Out of Space
480:Herbert West–Reanimator
382:St. Patrick's Purgatory
204:actually exists in the
24:"The Rats in the Walls"
2160:H. P. Lovecraft (band)
2057:Lovecraft: A Biography
1736:The Shadow Out of Time
1561:The Horror at Red Hook
836:Straub, Peter (2005).
604:The name of the cat, "
530:
1533:The Rats in the Walls
1274:The Beast in the Cave
1208:title listing at the
1205:The Rats in the Walls
1189:The Rats in the Walls
527:The Rats in the Walls
520:
488:Bolton, Massachusetts
267:Hanwell insane asylum
170:taste for human flesh
136:The Rats in the Walls
2290:Horror short stories
1863:In the Walls of Eryx
1849:The Tree on the Hill
1505:What the Moon Brings
1372:The Terrible Old Man
965:The Horror of It All
644:improve this article
307:Lady Mary De la Poer
290:Lady Margaret Trevor
2285:Fiction set in 1923
2214:Sonia Greene (wife)
2091:Lovecraftian horror
1779:Poetry and the Gods
1589:The Call of Cthulhu
1456:The Quest of Iranon
1151:Definitive version.
549:Switch on the Light
374:Sabine Baring-Gould
236:Sir William Brinton
142:by American author
2260:1924 short stories
2175:Lovecraft (crater)
2134:Frank Belknap Long
2119:Clark Ashton Smith
1881:Fungi from Yuggoth
1800:Under the Pyramids
1786:The Crawling Chaos
1676:The Evil Clergyman
1655:The Dunwich Horror
1386:The Cats of Ulthar
1165:, S. T. Joshi, ed.
1004:New York, New York
769:reading the story.
594:The Dunwich Horror
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280:Gilbert De la Poer
275:The Book of Wonder
206:Peerage of Ireland
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2150:Lovecraft studies
1942:Lovecraft Country
1641:The Very Old Folk
1554:The Shunned House
1449:The Nameless City
1187:Works related to
1161:H. P. Lovecraft,
1154:H. P. Lovecraft,
1146:978-0-87054-037-0
989:Joshi, pp. 54–55.
925:H. P. Lovecraft,
862:Warren G. Harding
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324:Randolph Delapore
314:Walter De la Poer
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2107:Lovecraft Circle
1856:Till A' the Seas
1842:Out of the Aeons
1807:The Curse of Yig
1772:The Green Meadow
1526:The Lurking Fear
1442:Sweet Ermengarde
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661: –
660:
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655:Find sources:
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633:This section
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590:Kingsley Amis
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449:Irvin S. Cobb
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2124:Robert Bloch
2097:Necronomicon
2095:
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2004:Nyarlathotep
1968:Herbert West
1918:
1911:
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1633:Necronomicon
1632:
1575:In the Vault
1547:The Festival
1532:
1470:The Outsider
1463:The Moon-Bog
1435:Ex Oblivione
1421:Nyarlathotep
1257:Bibliography
1204:
1169:
1168:Lin Carter,
1162:
1155:
1134:
1110:. Retrieved
1106:
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784:The Outsider
779:Castle Freak
777:
756:The Outsider
749:
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697:
687:
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673:
666:
654:
642:Please help
637:verification
634:
603:
588:
576:
570:
565:Necronomicon
563:
553:
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477:
465:Nyarlathotep
458:
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418:
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390:
388:of Bingen).
377:
371:
363:
344:
274:
271:Lord Dunsany
256:Piltdown man
209:
174:
159:
147:
135:
133:
105:
102:Published in
55:
18:
2201:Dream Cycle
2170:Adaptations
2028:Books about
1414:From Beyond
1035:Lovecraft,
616:Adaptations
578:Weird Tales
545:Weird Tales
541:Weird Tales
523:Weird Tales
455:Connections
445:S. T. Joshi
430:Weird Tales
417:instead of
386:Mouse Tower
360:Inspiration
341:Mexican War
329:James River
166:World War I
149:Weird Tales
140:short story
107:Weird Tales
97:Publication
30:Short story
2254:Categories
1956:Characters
1393:The Temple
1351:The Street
1112:22 January
980:25 (2012).
978:Mantichore
823:References
812:Devolution
732:comic book
670:newspapers
598:Lin Carter
447:points to
192:Characters
114:Media type
61:Wikisource
2081:Cosmicism
1930:Locations
1814:The Mound
1519:The Hound
1407:CelephaĂŻs
817:Dysgenics
772:The 1995
761:In 1973,
744:In 1964,
581:inspired
556:Petronius
521:Issue of
507:CelephaĂŻs
285:Henry III
247:Dr. Trask
219:invalid".
91:adventure
2239:Category
1994:Azathoth
1700:Novellas
1683:The Book
1582:Cool Air
1512:Azathoth
1379:The Tree
1330:Old Bugs
1288:The Tomb
1052:, p. 36.
806:See also
560:Catullus
473:Azathoth
333:Virginia
319:Virginia
302:border".
295:Cornwall
262:Thornton
197:Delapore
83:Genre(s)
75:Language
2189:Related
1999:Cthulhu
1987:Deities
1309:Polaris
1125:Sources
801:series.
734:format.
684:scholar
352:The Cat
346:Dracula
277:(1912).
233:dreams.
210:le Poer
162:England
138:" is a
125:March,
78:English
67:Country
2143:Legacy
2014:Hastur
1947:R'lyeh
1937:Arkham
1891:Essays
1873:Poetry
1746:Novels
1498:Hypnos
1323:Memory
1143:
1010:
947:
900:
844:
686:
679:
672:
665:
657:
606:Nigger
499:Cybele
420:Cymric
415:Gaelic
407:Gaelic
337:voodoo
252:skulls
184:, and
87:Horror
2019:Dagon
1295:Dagon
776:film
691:JSTOR
677:books
525:that
435:Celts
311:deed.
300:Welsh
241:Troad
186:Irish
182:Latin
2196:Aklo
1648:Ibid
1141:ISBN
1114:2019
1008:ISBN
945:ISBN
898:ISBN
842:ISBN
737:The
726:and
663:news
558:and
405:The
398:'s "
156:Plot
127:1924
1197:at
646:by
490:.
376:'s
331:in
59:at
32:by
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1568:He
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688:·
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