134:. Each haplogroup is defined by a set of characteristic mutations on the mitochondrial genome, and can be traced along a person's maternal line to a specific prehistoric woman. Sykes refers to these women as "clan mothers", though these women did not all live concurrently. All these women in turn shared a common maternal ancestor, the
538:, T, U4, U5, V, X and W. Richards, Macaulay, Torroni and Bandelt include I, W and N1b as well as Sykes' '7 daughters' within their 2002 pan-European survey (but - illustrating how complex the question can be - also separate out pre-V, HV1 and pre-HV1, and separate out U to include U1, U2, U3, U4 and U7 as well as U5).
595:
in
Heredity said the book "aimed at the punter" and does not picture an "accurate account of an inspiring field of science;" commenting: "the tedious narrations of the lives of the clan mothers, lack of bibliography, and casual treatment of facts, rules the book out of the category of serious popular
882:
Achilli, A.; Rengo, C.; Magri, C.; Battaglia, V.; Olivieri, A.; Scozzari, R.; Cruciani, F.; Zeviani, M.; Briem, E.; Carelli, V.; Moral, P.; Dugoujon, J. M.; Roostalu, U.; Loogväli, E. L.; Kivisild, T.; Bandelt, H. J. R.; Richards, M.; Villems, R.; Santachiara-Benerecetti, A. S.; Semino, O.; Torroni,
578:
asserted that making imaginary names and identities for the human ancestors is inappropriate as "neither solid theorizing nor fully realized fiction." He wrote: "Sykes's book is so fine, the science so well explained, the controversies so gripping, that it is painful to report that 200 pages into it
141:
The last third of the book is spent on a series of fictional narratives, written by Sykes, describing his creative guesses about the lives of each of these seven "clan mothers". This latter half generally met with mixed reviews in comparison with the first part.
563:
labelled the book as semi-fictional with the majority of the information "the accounts of the imagined lives" of human ancestors. He commented: "All this made me feel that I was reading someone's school project, with influences from
549:/Ai, Yumi, Nene, Naomi, Una, Uta, Ulrike, Uma, Ulla, Ulaana, Lara, Lamia, Lalamika, Latasha, Malaxshmi, Emiko, Gaia, Chochmingwu/Chie, Djigonasee/Sachi, Makeda, Lingaire, Lubaya, Limber, Lila, Lungile, Latifa and Layla."
515:
Sykes wrote in the book that there were seven major mitochondrial lineages for modern
Europeans, though he subsequently wrote that with the additional data from Scandinavia and Eastern Europe,
541:
Likewise, Sykes has invented names for an additional 29 "clan mothers" worldwide (of which four were native
American, nine Japanese and 12 were from Africa), each corresponding to a different
128:
The title of the book comes from one of the principal achievements of mitochondrial genetics, which is the classification of all modern
Europeans into seven groups, the
1179:
591:
concurred that the first part of the book is "an engrossing, bubbly read, a boy's own adventure", while the latter stories "try to pass off fiction as science."
83:
1164:
885:"The Molecular Dissection of mtDNA Haplogroup H Confirms That the Franco-Cantabrian Glacial Refuge Was a Major Source for the European Gene Pool"
996:
79:
646:
130:
117:, which opposed the theory of their origin in Indonesia. He also describes the use of mitochondrial DNA in identifying the remains of
932:
245:
616:
57:
1037:
1154:
1174:
715:
Maca-Meyer, N.; P. Sánchez-Velasco; C. Flores; J.M. Larruga; A.M. González; A. Oterino; F. Leyva-Cobián (31 March 2003).
1169:
261:
153:
The seven "clan mothers" mentioned by Sykes each correspond to one (or more) human mitochondrial haplogroups.
1159:
1051:
1084:
731:
17:
717:"Y Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Characterization of Pasiegos, a Human Isolate from Cantabria (Spain)"
105:
Following the developments of mitochondrial genetics, Sykes traces back human migrations, discusses the "
535:
475:
470:
437:
344:
322:
317:
312:
301:
293:
288:
118:
687:
531:
527:
523:
502:
497:
492:
487:
480:
463:
455:
432:
427:
417:
410:
405:
400:
395:
387:
382:
377:
372:
364:
359:
354:
349:
334:
329:
233:
224:
215:
189:
180:
171:
161:
106:
993:
736:
522:
Others have put the number at 10 or 12. These additional "daughters" generally include haplogroups
757:
574:
1131:
1059:
976:
914:
864:
804:
749:
716:
642:
612:
446:
257:
135:
52:
945:
Richards, Martin; Macaulay, Vincent; Torroni, Antonio; Bandelt, Hans-Jürgen (November 2002).
1121:
966:
958:
904:
896:
854:
794:
741:
695:
559:
1000:
592:
91:
691:
909:
884:
569:
110:
971:
946:
1148:
745:
636:
275:
761:
587:
422:
1014:
843:"Disuniting Uniformity: A Pied Cladistic Canvas of mtDNA Haplogroup H in Eurasia"
821:
605:
582:
205:
201:
99:
75:
35:
542:
519:(see below) could have been promoted to be the eighth clan mother for Europe.
1135:
1063:
859:
842:
799:
782:
193:
114:
1126:
1109:
980:
918:
868:
808:
753:
27:
The Seven
Daughters of Eve: The Science That Reveals Our Genetic Ancestry
609:
The Seven
Daughters of Eve: The Science That Reveals Our Genetic Ancestry
87:
783:"A recent genetic link between Sami and the Volga-Ural region of Russia"
534:. For example, a 2004 paper re-mapped European haplogroups as H, J, K,
71:
700:
675:
546:
197:
122:
935:
Team Liddle et al, Family Tree DNA group, Retrieved 13 November 2014
94:, the particularities of mitochondrial DNA, and analyses of ancient
962:
900:
947:"In Search of Geographical Patterns in European Mitochondrial DNA"
208:: Swedish Sami (68%), Finnish Sami (37%) and Norwegian Sami (33%).
568:
cartoon series, rather than a treatise by a leading academic."
192:, found with particularly high concentrations in the people of
95:
1085:"Observer review: The Seven Daughters of Eve by Bryan Sykes"
238:
579:
the author performs a literary experiment that flops."
86:
to a general audience. Sykes explains the principles of
1040:, Oxford Ancestors web page, Retrieved 16 January 2020
994:
Japanese women seek their ancestral roots in Oxford
51:
41:
31:
611:, W.W. Norton, 17 May 2002, hardcover, 306 pages,
454:
451:
297:
121:, and in assessing the genetic makeup of modern
164:(specifically U5, and excluding its subgroup K)
641:. W.W.Norton & Company Inc. (320 pages).
8:
26:
16:"Velda" redirects here. For other uses, see
246:human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups
1003:by Tessa Holland, 25 June 2006, Kyodo News
25:
1125:
970:
933:mtDNA (Mitochondria) Tests Interpretation
908:
858:
836:
834:
798:
735:
699:
545:identified by geneticists: "Fufei, Ina,
113:'s theory of the Peruvian origin of the
627:
1180:Recent African origin of modern humans
951:The American Journal of Human Genetics
889:The American Journal of Human Genetics
781:Max Ingman and Ulf Gyllensten (2007).
386:
338:
305:
300:
282:
279:
266:
256:
333:
328:
98:to genetically link modern humans to
7:
669:
667:
665:
479:
474:
469:
459:
444:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
409:
404:
399:
394:
391:
381:
376:
371:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
321:
316:
311:
308:
292:
287:
274:
269:
253:
787:European Journal of Human Genetics
14:
676:"Reading the history of humanity"
746:10.1046/j.1469-1809.2003.00045.x
931:Liddle, James W. (18 May 2005)
847:Molecular Biology and Evolution
109:" and casts serious doubt upon
1165:Genetics in the United Kingdom
1050:Kanigel, Robert (2001-07-29).
1:
1052:"Xenia, Paleolithic Princess"
146:Mitochondrial haplogroups in
119:Emperor Nicholas II of Russia
78:that presents the science of
1110:"The Seven Daughters of Eve"
828:(Bantam, 2006) pages 118-119
1083:McKie, Robin (2001-05-27).
1196:
1013:Lane, Megan (2005-06-03).
638:The Seven Daughters of Eve
635:Sykes, Bryan (July 2001).
241:
148:The Seven Daughters of Eve
67:The Seven Daughters of Eve
15:
841:Loogvali, E. -L. (2004).
131:mitochondrial haplogroups
999:October 3, 2006, at the
724:Annals of Human Genetics
501:
496:
491:
486:
462:
23:2001 book by Bryan Sykes
800:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201712
1155:2001 non-fiction books
1127:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800084
1108:Hagelberg, E. (2002).
80:human origin in Africa
18:Velda (disambiguation)
1175:Human evolution books
860:10.1093/molbev/msh209
674:Jacobs, Howy (2001).
244:Phylogenetic tree of
200:but specially in the
511:Additional daughters
107:out of Africa theory
1038:Maternal Clan names
1015:"Extreme genealogy"
692:2001Natur.413..254J
28:
1056:The New York Times
826:Blood of the Isles
575:The New York Times
196:(15%) of northern
1170:Genetic genealogy
730:(Pt 4): 329–339.
648:978-0-393-02018-2
508:
507:
449:
258:Mitochondrial Eve
232:: corresponds to
223:: corresponds to
214:: corresponds to
188:: corresponds to
179:: corresponds to
170:: corresponds to
160:: corresponds to
136:Mitochondrial Eve
63:
62:
1187:
1140:
1139:
1129:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1010:
1004:
991:
985:
984:
974:
957:(5): 1168–1174.
942:
936:
929:
923:
922:
912:
879:
873:
872:
862:
838:
829:
819:
813:
812:
802:
778:
772:
771:
769:
768:
739:
721:
712:
706:
705:
703:
701:10.1038/35095105
671:
660:
659:
657:
655:
632:
445:
239:
84:their dispersion
43:Publication date
29:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1093:
1091:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1068:
1066:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1036:
1032:
1023:
1021:
1012:
1011:
1007:
1001:Wayback Machine
992:
988:
944:
943:
939:
930:
926:
881:
880:
876:
853:(11): 2012–21.
840:
839:
832:
820:
816:
780:
779:
775:
766:
764:
737:10.1.1.584.4253
719:
714:
713:
709:
673:
672:
663:
653:
651:
649:
634:
633:
629:
625:
602:
593:Erika Hagelberg
566:The Flintstones
557:Howy Jacobs in
555:
513:
151:
92:human evolution
70:is a 2001 semi-
44:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1193:
1191:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1160:Genetics books
1157:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1100:
1075:
1042:
1030:
1005:
986:
963:10.1086/342930
937:
924:
901:10.1086/425590
874:
830:
814:
793:(1): 115–120.
773:
707:
661:
647:
626:
624:
621:
620:
619:
601:
598:
570:Robert Kanigel
554:
551:
512:
509:
506:
505:
500:
495:
490:
484:
483:
478:
473:
467:
466:
461:
458:
453:
450:
443:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
414:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
341:
340:
337:
332:
326:
325:
320:
315:
310:
307:
304:
299:
296:
291:
285:
284:
281:
278:
272:
271:
268:
265:
255:
251:
250:
237:
236:
227:
218:
209:
183:
174:
165:
150:
144:
111:Thor Heyerdahl
61:
60:
55:
49:
48:
45:
42:
39:
38:
33:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1192:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1090:
1086:
1079:
1076:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1020:
1016:
1009:
1006:
1002:
998:
995:
990:
987:
982:
978:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
941:
938:
934:
928:
925:
920:
916:
911:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
878:
875:
870:
866:
861:
856:
852:
848:
844:
837:
835:
831:
827:
823:
818:
815:
810:
806:
801:
796:
792:
788:
784:
777:
774:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
733:
729:
725:
718:
711:
708:
702:
697:
693:
689:
686:(6853): 254.
685:
681:
677:
670:
668:
666:
662:
650:
644:
640:
639:
631:
628:
622:
618:
617:0-393-02018-5
614:
610:
607:
604:
603:
599:
597:
594:
590:
589:
584:
580:
577:
576:
571:
567:
562:
561:
552:
550:
548:
544:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
520:
518:
510:
504:
499:
494:
489:
485:
482:
477:
472:
468:
465:
457:
448:
439:
434:
429:
424:
419:
415:
412:
407:
402:
397:
389:
384:
379:
374:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
342:
336:
331:
327:
324:
319:
314:
303:
295:
290:
286:
277:
273:
263:
259:
252:
249:
248:
247:
240:
235:
231:
228:
226:
222:
219:
217:
213:
210:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
184:
182:
178:
175:
173:
169:
166:
163:
159:
156:
155:
154:
149:
145:
143:
139:
137:
133:
132:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
68:
59:
58:0-393-02018-5
56:
54:
50:
46:
40:
37:
34:
30:
19:
1117:
1113:
1103:
1092:. Retrieved
1089:the Guardian
1088:
1078:
1067:. Retrieved
1055:
1045:
1033:
1022:. Retrieved
1018:
1008:
989:
954:
950:
940:
927:
895:(5): 910–8.
892:
888:
877:
850:
846:
825:
822:Sykes, Brian
817:
790:
786:
776:
765:. Retrieved
727:
723:
710:
683:
679:
652:. Retrieved
637:
630:
608:
588:The Guardian
586:
581:
573:
565:
558:
556:
540:
521:
516:
514:
243:
242:
234:Haplogroup J
229:
225:Haplogroup K
220:
216:Haplogroup T
211:
204:of northern
190:Haplogroup V
185:
181:Haplogroup H
176:
172:Haplogroup X
167:
162:Haplogroup U
157:
152:
147:
140:
129:
127:
104:
66:
65:
64:
883:A. (2004).
606:Bryan Sykes
583:Robin McKie
206:Scandinavia
202:Sami people
115:Polynesians
102:ancestors.
100:prehistoric
76:Bryan Sykes
47:17 May 2002
36:Bryan Sykes
1149:Categories
1094:2021-10-15
1069:2021-10-15
1024:2017-04-23
767:2012-08-08
654:4 February
623:References
596:science."
543:haplogroup
1136:1365-2540
1120:(1): 77.
1064:0362-4331
732:CiteSeerX
194:Cantabria
72:fictional
1114:Heredity
1019:BBC News
997:Archived
981:12355353
919:15382008
869:15254257
809:16985502
762:40355653
754:12914567
600:Editions
88:genetics
74:book by
910:1182122
688:Bibcode
553:Reviews
460:
452:
442:
392:
369:
339:
309:
306:
298:
283:
270:
267:
254:
230:Jasmine
221:Katrine
1134:
1062:
979:
972:385092
969:
917:
907:
867:
807:
760:
752:
734:
680:Nature
645:
615:
560:Nature
547:Aiyana
517:Ulrike
447:pre-JT
198:Iberia
177:Helena
158:Ursula
123:Europe
32:Author
758:S2CID
720:(PDF)
280:L1–6
186:Velda
168:Xenia
1132:ISSN
1060:ISSN
977:PMID
915:PMID
865:PMID
805:PMID
750:PMID
656:2015
643:ISBN
613:ISBN
530:and
212:Tara
90:and
82:and
53:ISBN
1122:doi
967:PMC
959:doi
905:PMC
897:doi
855:doi
795:doi
742:doi
696:doi
684:413
585:in
572:in
96:DNA
1151::
1130:.
1118:89
1116:.
1112:.
1087:.
1058:.
1054:.
1017:.
975:.
965:.
955:71
953:.
949:.
913:.
903:.
893:75
891:.
887:.
863:.
851:21
849:.
845:.
833:^
824:,
803:.
791:15
789:.
785:.
756:.
748:.
740:.
728:67
726:.
722:.
694:.
682:.
678:.
664:^
536:N1
526:,
476:JT
471:HV
438:R0
345:CZ
323:L6
318:L5
313:L4
302:L3
294:L2
289:L1
276:L0
264:)
138:.
125:.
1138:.
1124::
1097:.
1072:.
1027:.
983:.
961::
921:.
899::
871:.
857::
811:.
797::
770:.
744::
704:.
698::
690::
658:.
532:W
528:M
524:I
503:T
498:J
493:V
488:H
481:K
464:U
456:P
433:F
428:B
423:Z
418:C
411:Y
406:X
401:W
396:I
388:R
383:S
378:A
373:O
365:Q
360:G
355:E
350:D
335:N
330:M
262:L
260:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.