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thus speculated about new methods, and developed the optical frequency comb synthesizer. Its name comes from the fact that it generates a light spectrum out of what are originally single-colour, ultrashort pulses of light. This spectrum is made of hundreds of thousands of sharp spectral lines with a
540:
The work in
Garching was motivated by experiments on the very precise laser spectroscopy of the hydrogen atom. This atom has a particularly simple structure. By precisely determining its spectral line, scientists were able to draw conclusions about how valid our fundamental physical constants are –
564:
The frequency comb now serves as the basis for optical frequency measurements in large numbers of laboratories worldwide. Since 2002, the company Menlo
Systems, in whose foundation the Max Planck Institute in Garching played a role, has been delivering commercial frequency comb synthesizers to
532:
The Nobel Prize was awarded to
Professor Hänsch in recognition for work that he did at the end of the 1990s at the Max Planck Institute in Garching, near Munich, Germany. He developed an optical "frequency comb synthesiser", which makes it possible, for the first time, to measure with extreme
262:
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Hänsch introduced intracavity telescopic beam expansion to grating tuned laser oscillators thus producing the first narrow-linewidth tunable laser. This development has been credited with having had a major influence in the development of further narrow-linewidth
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One of the first applications of this new kind of light source was to determine the frequency of the very narrow ultraviolet hydrogen 1S-2S two-photon transition. Since then, the frequency has been determined with a precision of 15 decimal places.
552:
Such a frequency comb is similar to a ruler. When the frequency of a particular radiation is determined, it can be compared to the extremely acute comb spectral lines, until one is found that "fits". In 1998, Professor Hänsch received a
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with a much higher precision than before. During the late 1990s, he and his coworkers developed a new method to measure the frequency of laser light to an even higher precision, using a device called the optical frequency
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if, for example, they change slowly with time. By the end of the 1980s, the laser spectroscopy of hydrogen had reached the maximum precision allowed by interferometric measurements of optical wavelengths.
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resolution (i.e. all the photons emitted from the laser had nearly the same energy, to a precision of 1 part in a million). Using this device he succeeded to measure the transition frequency of the
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precision the number of light oscillations per second. These optical frequency measurements can be millions of times more precise than previous spectroscopic determinations of the
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line of atomic hydrogen to an extraordinary precision of 1 part in a hundred trillion. At such a high precision, it became possible to search for possible changes in the
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578:. In turn, tunable narrow-linewidth organic lasers, and solid-state lasers, using total illumination of the grating, have had a major impact in
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of the universe over time. For these achievements he became co-recipient of the Nobel Prize in
Physics for 2005.
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Hänsch, T. W. (1 April 1972). "Repetitively Pulsed
Tunable Dye Laser for High Resolution Spectroscopy".
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In 1970 he invented a new type of laser that generated light pulses with an extremely high
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European
Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Università degli Studi di Firenze
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awarded him the
Frederic Ives Medal and the status of honorary member in 2008.
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Knights
Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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508:
410:
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935:"Franklin Laureate Database – Albert A. Michelson Medal Laureates"
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Research Prize for the development of this "measurement device".
437:
in the 1960s. Subsequently, he was a NATO postdoctoral fellow at
2685:
1174:
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
589:
76:
from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
31:
445:
from 1970 to 1972. Hänsch became an assistant professor at
469:. In the same year Hänsch returned to Germany to head the
3069:
Foreign associates of the
National Academy of Sciences
1082:"Frederic Ives Medal / Jarus W. Quinn Prize | Optica"
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1052:. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
3024:Stanford University Department of Physics faculty
801:Italgas Prize for Research and Innovation (1987)
1131:Hänsch's homepage at the MPI for Quantum Optics
496:, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001.
3059:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
516:. This invention was then used to measure the
3029:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
3004:Members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
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8:
421:Hänsch received his secondary education at
2704:
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2682:
1193:
1179:
1171:
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627:about living persons that is unsourced or
162:
151:
69:about living persons that is unsourced or
3064:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
765:Philip Morris Research Prize (1998, 2000)
698:Learn how and when to remove this message
362:for "contributions to the development of
140:Learn how and when to remove this message
3084:Fellows of the American Physical Society
576:multiple-prism grating laser oscillators
3014:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize winners
1126:United States Patents by Theodor Hansch
880:
717:Carl Friedrich von Siemens Prize (2006)
1121:Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics
546:Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics
453:from 1975 to 1986. He was awarded the
1136:A video interview with Theodor Hänsch
435:Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg
341:
7:
3044:Honorary members of Optica (society)
471:Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik
387:Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik
358:. He received one-third of the 2005
354:; born 30 October 1941) is a German
972:(4). The Optical Society: 895–898.
374:technique", sharing the prize with
27:German physicist and nobel laureate
2791:International Atomic Energy Agency
1141:Hänsch's homepage at LENS(Firenze)
461:in 1983. In 1986, he received the
25:
3089:Recipients of the Matteucci Medal
892:"Biographical: Theodor W. Hänsch"
723:Ioannes Marcus Marci Medal (2006)
565:laboratories all over the world.
784:Einstein Prize for Laser Science
594:
324:
36:
1019:. New York: Elsevier Academic.
796:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
790:King Faisal International Prize
768:Arthur L. Schawlow Award (2000)
720:Rudolf Diesel Gold Medal (2006)
479:Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
475:Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize
3094:Max Planck Institute directors
2984:German experimental physicists
2979:20th-century German physicists
522:fundamental physical constants
423:Helmholtz-Gymnasium Heidelberg
1:
549:constant frequency interval.
403:Ludwig-Maximilians University
251:Ludwig-Maximilians University
170:Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting
3034:Heidelberg University alumni
1048:Demtröder, Wolfgang (2014).
909:National Academy of Sciences
605:biography of a living person
459:National Academy of Sciences
397:of experimental physics and
281:Other academic advisors
47:biography of a living person
3049:Fellows of Optica (society)
905:"Comstock Prize in Physics"
632:must be removed immediately
473:. In 1989, he received the
168:Theodor Hänsch at the 2012
74:must be removed immediately
3110:
3039:Scientists from Heidelberg
3009:Nobel laureates in Physics
1155:including (right to left)
487:Optical Society of America
385:Hänsch is Director of the
3074:Max Planck Society people
2886:
1058:10.1007/978-3-642-53859-9
894:. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
820:Comstock Prize in Physics
528:Background to Nobel Prize
463:Albert A. Michelson Medal
455:Comstock Prize in Physics
343:[ˈteːodoːɐ̯ˈhɛnʃ]
323:
314:
229:
161:
808:William F. Meggers Award
778:Arthur L. Schawlow Prize
370:, including the optical
206:University of Heidelberg
814:Herbert P. Broida Prize
544:The researchers at the
335:Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch
156:Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch
3079:Sloan Research Fellows
3019:German Nobel laureates
2892:Nobel Prize recipients
2838:Physiology or Medicine
1206:Nobel Prize in Physics
1015:Duarte, F. J. (2017).
804:Michelson Medal (1986)
745:Nobel Prize in Physics
619:Please help by adding
360:Nobel Prize in Physics
61:Please help by adding
1159:, Theodor W. Hänsch,
492:One of his students,
339:German pronunciation:
1050:Laser Spectroscopy 1
1017:Tunable Laser Optics
986:10.1364/ao.11.000895
869:Vernier spectroscopy
762:SUNAMCO Medal (2001)
625:Contentious material
67:Contentious material
978:1972ApOpt..11..895H
915:on 29 December 2010
772:Stern-Gerlach Medal
751:Frederic Ives Medal
647:"Theodor W. Hänsch"
447:Stanford University
439:Stanford University
284:Christoph Schmelzer
259:Stanford University
255:Max-Planck-Institut
89:"Theodor W. Hänsch"
2989:Optical physicists
2737:Richard R. Schrock
1112:on Nobelprize.org
939:Franklin Institute
603:This section of a
580:laser spectroscopy
467:Franklin Institute
443:Arthur L. Schawlow
399:laser spectroscopy
287:Arthur L. Schawlow
2994:Laser researchers
2956:
2955:
2863:Economic Sciences
2827:Theodor W. Hänsch
2796:Mohamed ElBaradei
2679:
2678:
1110:Theodor W. Hänsch
1067:978-3-642-53858-2
1026:978-1-138-89375-7
712:James Joyce Award
708:
707:
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682:
608:needs additional
569:Laser development
483:Frankfurt am Main
366:-based precision
332:
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293:Doctoral students
231:Scientific career
218:-based precision
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142:
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50:needs additional
18:Theodor W. Hansch
16:(Redirected from
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2877:Thomas Schelling
2769:(United Kingdom)
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941:. Archived from
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911:. Archived from
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888:Nobel Foundation
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826:Otto-Klung Prize
739:I. I. Rabi Award
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621:reliable sources
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309:Tilman Esslinger
275:Peter E. Toschek
270:Doctoral advisor
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63:reliable sources
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2999:Spectroscopists
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945:on 6 April 2012
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854:Doppler cooling
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757:Matteucci Medal
733:Otto Hahn Prize
704:
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431:doctoral degree
425:and gained his
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2846:Barry Marshall
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2815:Roy J. Glauber
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862:
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859:Gray molasses
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688:November 2022
680:
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659:
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649: –
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555:Philip Morris
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189:(age 82)
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130:February 2013
122:
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79:
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58:
57:
53:
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
19:
2922:
2852:Robin Warren
2826:
2821:John L. Hall
2743:Yves Chauvin
2405:
2109:von Klitzing
2101:Van der Meer
1165:F. J. Duarte
1150:
1089:. Retrieved
1085:
1076:
1049:
1043:
1016:
1010:
969:
965:
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947:. Retrieved
943:the original
929:
917:. Retrieved
913:the original
899:
883:
694:
685:
675:
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661:
654:
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631:
614:verification
607:
572:
563:
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543:
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531:
498:
491:
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420:
384:
376:John L. Hall
368:spectroscopy
334:
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247:Institutions
230:
220:spectroscopy
136:
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117:
110:
103:
96:
84:
73:
56:verification
49:
29:
2969:1941 births
2854:(Australia)
2848:(Australia)
2714:Nobel Prize
2153:Steinberger
2069:K. Siegbahn
2061:Bloembergen
1782:Chamberlain
1515:Schrödinger
1425:M. Siegbahn
1354:W. H. Bragg
1350:W. L. Bragg
919:13 February
727:Bambi Award
505:Balmer line
413:, Germany.
2963:Categories
2754:Literature
2670:L'Huillier
2634:Hasselmann
2590:Strickland
2558:Kosterlitz
2482:Perlmutter
2221:Brockhouse
1926:Schrieffer
1798:Hofstadter
1750:C. N. Yang
1507:Heisenberg
1484:De Broglie
875:References
839:Atom laser
658:newspapers
537:of light.
535:wavelength
507:of atomic
451:California
194:Heidelberg
183:1941-10-30
100:newspapers
2829:(Germany)
2723:Chemistry
2716:laureates
2654:Zeilinger
2474:Novoselov
2442:Kobayashi
2366:Abrikosov
2213:J. Taylor
2193:de Gennes
2185:R. Taylor
2077:K. Wilson
2025:R. Wilson
2009:Van Vleck
1980:1976–2000
1970:Rainwater
1966:Mottelson
1942:Josephson
1890:Gell-Mann
1854:Schwinger
1842:Prokhorov
1802:Mössbauer
1762:Cherenkov
1754:T. D. Lee
1678:Cockcroft
1669:1951–1975
1468:C. Wilson
1447:1926–1950
1393:Guillaume
1282:Michelson
1242:Becquerel
1213:1901–1925
1202:Laureates
1148:taken at
1035:982654263
994:0003-6935
849:Dye laser
610:citations
465:from the
457:from the
417:Biography
395:Professor
356:physicist
319:Signature
196:, Germany
52:citations
2873:(Israel)
2745:(France)
2662:Agostini
2550:Thouless
2542:McDonald
2530:Nakamura
2498:Wineland
2430:Grünberg
2386:Politzer
2370:Ginzburg
2358:Giacconi
2338:Ketterle
2293:'t Hooft
2277:Laughlin
2269:Phillips
2249:Osheroff
2177:Friedman
2149:Schwartz
2145:Lederman
2065:Schawlow
2041:Weinberg
1850:Tomonaga
1742:Brattain
1734:Shockley
1643:Blackett
1635:Appleton
1627:Bridgman
1574:Lawrence
1554:Davisson
1534:Chadwick
1417:Millikan
1401:Einstein
1290:Lippmann
1258:Rayleigh
1250:M. Curie
1246:P. Curie
1002:20119064
833:See also
636:libelous
509:hydrogen
501:spectral
78:libelous
2807:Physics
2798:(Egypt)
2650:Clauser
2614:Penrose
2598:Peebles
2554:Haldane
2522:Akasaki
2510:Englert
2502:Haroche
2486:Schmidt
2446:Maskawa
2398:Glauber
2390:Wilczek
2374:Leggett
2354:Koshiba
2334:Cornell
2325:present
2309:Kroemer
2305:Alferov
2297:Veltman
2281:Störmer
2201:Charpak
2181:Kendall
2165:Dehmelt
2133:Bednorz
2033:Glashow
2021:Penzias
2017:Kapitsa
1989:Richter
1962:A. Bohr
1938:Giaever
1918:Bardeen
1882:Alvarez
1866:Kastler
1858:Feynman
1738:Bardeen
1702:Zernike
1694:Purcell
1464:Compton
1409:N. Bohr
1298:Marconi
1230:Lorentz
1222:Röntgen
1204:of the
974:Bibcode
949:16 June
672:scholar
477:of the
411:Bavaria
401:at the
241:Physics
114:scholar
2666:Krausz
2660:2023:
2646:Aspect
2644:2022:
2638:Manabe
2630:Parisi
2628:2021:
2618:Genzel
2612:2020:
2606:Queloz
2596:2019:
2586:Mourou
2582:Ashkin
2580:2018:
2574:Thorne
2570:Barish
2564:2017:
2548:2016:
2538:Kajita
2536:2015:
2520:2014:
2508:2013:
2496:2012:
2480:2011:
2468:2010:
2452:2009:
2436:2008:
2424:2007:
2414:Mather
2412:2006:
2406:Hänsch
2396:2005:
2380:2004:
2364:2003:
2348:2002:
2342:Wieman
2332:2001:
2303:2000:
2291:1999:
2275:1998:
2259:1997:
2245:D. Lee
2243:1996:
2237:Reines
2231:1995:
2219:1994:
2207:1993:
2199:1992:
2191:1991:
2175:1990:
2161:Ramsey
2159:1989:
2143:1988:
2137:Müller
2131:1987:
2125:Rohrer
2121:Binnig
2115:1986:
2107:1985:
2097:Rubbia
2095:1984:
2089:Fowler
2083:1983:
2075:1982:
2059:1981:
2049:Cronin
2047:1980:
2031:1979:
2015:1978:
1999:1977:
1987:1976:
1960:1975:
1954:Hewish
1948:1974:
1932:1973:
1922:Cooper
1916:1972:
1908:1971:
1898:Alfvén
1896:1970:
1888:1969:
1880:1968:
1872:1967:
1864:1966:
1848:1965:
1834:Townes
1832:1964:
1826:Jensen
1818:Wigner
1816:1963:
1810:Landau
1808:1962:
1796:1961:
1790:Glaser
1788:1960:
1776:1959:
1760:1958:
1748:1957:
1732:1956:
1720:1955:
1708:1954:
1700:1953:
1688:1952:
1682:Walton
1676:1951:
1659:Powell
1657:1950:
1651:Yukawa
1649:1949:
1641:1948:
1633:1947:
1625:1946:
1617:1945:
1609:1944:
1601:1943:
1572:1939:
1564:1938:
1552:1937:
1540:1936:
1532:1935:
1513:1933:
1505:1932:
1490:1930:
1482:1929:
1474:1928:
1462:1927:
1456:Perrin
1454:1926:
1433:Franck
1431:1925:
1423:1924:
1415:1923:
1407:1922:
1399:1921:
1391:1920:
1383:1919:
1377:Planck
1375:1918:
1369:Barkla
1367:1917:
1348:1915:
1340:1914:
1332:1913:
1324:1912:
1316:1911:
1308:1910:
1296:1909:
1288:1908:
1280:1907:
1272:1906:
1266:Lenard
1264:1905:
1256:1904:
1240:1903:
1234:Zeeman
1228:1902:
1220:1901:
1163:, and
1151:Lasers
1064:
1033:
1023:
1000:
992:
828:(1980)
822:(1983)
816:(1983)
810:(1985)
798:(1989)
786:(1995)
780:(1996)
774:(2000)
759:(2001)
753:(2005)
747:(2005)
741:(2005)
735:(2005)
729:(2005)
714:(2009)
674:
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