61:
31:
1622:
Ajon M, Fröls S, van
Wolferen M, Stoecker K, Teichmann D, Driessen AJ, Grogan DW, Albers SV, Schleper C. UV-inducible DNA exchange in hyperthermophilic archaea mediated by type IV pili. Mol Microbiol. 2011 Nov;82(4):807-17. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07861.x. Epub 2011 Oct 18. PMID
1607:
Fröls S, Ajon M, Wagner M, Teichmann D, Zolghadr B, Folea M, Boekema EJ, Driessen AJ, Schleper C, Albers SV. UV-inducible cellular aggregation of the hyperthermophilic archaeon
Sulfolobus solfataricus is mediated by pili formation. Mol Microbiol. 2008 Nov;70(4):938-52. doi:
1955:
Stackebrandt, E; Frederiksen W; Garrity GM; Grimont PA; Kampfer P; Maiden MC; Nesme X; Rossello-Mora R; Swings J; Truper HG; Vauterin L; Ward AC; Whitman WB (2002). "Report of the ad hoc committee for the re-evaluation of the species definition in bacteriology".
239:, have supported this division, although some crenarchaea were found to have histones. Until 2005 all cultured Thermoproteota had been thermophilic or hyperthermophilic organisms, some of which have the ability to grow at up to 113 °C. These organisms stain
1051:. The classification according to Lake, states that both crenarchaea and asgards belong to Kingdom Eocyta. Though this has been discarded by scientists, the main concept remains. The term "Eocyta" now either refers to the
234:
indicating the organisms may be the most abundant archaea in the marine environment. Originally, they were separated from the other archaea based on rRNA sequences; other physiological features, such as lack of
1036:
DNA analysis from 2008 (and later, 2017) has shown that eukaryotes possible evolved from thermoproteota-like organisms. Other candidates for the ancestor of eukaryotes include closely related
2255:"Phylogeny of 33 ribosomal and six other proteins encoded in an ancient gene cluster that is conserved across prokaryotic genomes: influence of excluding poorly alignable sites from analysis"
2956:
959:
cells are only able to aggregate with other members of their own species. Frols et al. and Ajon et al. considered that the ultraviolet light-inducible DNA transfer process, followed by
4707:
2115:"Is characterization of a single isolate sufficient for valid publication of a new genus or species? Proposal to modify recommendation 30b of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision)"
1632:
Fröls S, White MF, Schleper C. Reactions to UV damage in the model archaeon
Sulfolobus solfataricus. Biochem Soc Trans. 2009 Feb;37(Pt 1):36-41. doi: 10.1042/BST0370036. PMID 19143598
1415:
Zillig W, Stetter KO, Wunderl S, Schulz W, Priess H, Scholz I (1980). "The
Sulfolobus-"Caldariellard" group: Taxonomy on the basis of the structure of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases".
4102:
2997:
955:
marker exchange. Cultures that were ultraviolet light-induced had recombination rates exceeding those of uninduced cultures by as much as three orders of magnitude.
982:
Beginning in 1992, data were published that reported sequences of genes belonging to the
Thermoproteota in marine environments. Since then, analysis of the abundant
4681:
1185:
1150:
994:. DNA sequences from Thermoproteota have also been found in soil and freshwater environments, suggesting that this phylum is ubiquitous to most environments.
951:
that can then promote cellular aggregation. Ultraviolet light-induced cellular aggregation was shown by Ajon et al. to mediate high frequency inter-cellular
2185:"A rapid method for determining the G+C content of bacterial chromosomes by monitoring fluorescence intensity during DNA denaturation in a capillary tube"
986:
from the membranes of
Thermoproteota taken from the open ocean have been used to determine the concentration of these “low temperature Crenarchaea” (See
4655:
1811:
Könneke M, Bernhard AE, de la Torre JR, Walker CB, Waterbury JB, Stahl DA (2005). "Isolation of an autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing marine archaeon".
4694:
3808:
2968:
2603:
Winker, S; Woese CR (1991). "A definition of the domains
Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya in terms of small subunit ribosomal RNA characteristics".
990:). Based on these measurements of their signature lipids, Thermoproteota are thought to be very abundant and one of the main contributors to the
2290:"Proposal to change the Rule governing the designation of type strains deposited under culture collection numbers allocated for patent purposes"
2940:
2922:
1337:
1214:
2990:
2960:
2535:"Intraspecific variation in small-subunit rRNA sequences in GenBank: why single sequences may not adequately represent prokaryotic taxa"
322:
2964:
1551:
307:(gaining its energy from organic sources such as sugars). These factors allow a much easier growth under laboratory conditions than
2730:
McGill, TJ; Jurka J; Sobieski JM; Pickett MH; Woese CR; Fox GE (1986). "Characteristic archaebacterial 16S rRNA oligonucleotides".
4756:
3035:
964:
3030:
2983:
2767:
Woese, CR; Gupta R; Hahn CM; Zillig W; Tu J (1984). "The phylogenetic relationships of three sulfur dependent archaebacteria".
315:
becoming a model organism for the study of hyperthermophiles and a large group of diverse viruses that replicate within them.
4699:
1169:. eds. E.Monosson & C.Cleveland, Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington DC.
3114:
3104:
3087:
1500:
2325:"Proposal to change Rule 18a, Rule 18f and Rule 30 to limit the retroactive consequences of changes accepted by the ICSB"
60:
3801:
1922:"The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification"
2084:
Young, JM (2001). "Implications of alternative classifications and horizontal gene transfer for bacterial taxonomy".
1283:, gen. and sp. nov., represents a novel group of archaea, extending the upper temperature limit for life to 113 °C".
4794:
2910:
Bergey's Manual of
Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria
1329:
Bergey's Manual of
Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the Deeply Branching and Phototrophic Bacteria
1479:
1153:
3945:
1583:
1556:
1529:
999:
960:
329:
4784:
4030:
3404:
3119:
2948:
2465:"Discovery and classification of ecological diversity in the bacterial world: the role of DNA sequence data"
1985:
Gurtler, V; Mayall BC (2001). "Genomic approaches to typing, taxonomy and evolution of bacterial isolates".
277:
4789:
4582:
3794:
1072:
2016:"A multiple-outgroup approach to resolving division-level phylogenetic relationships using 16S rDNA data"
700:
4733:
4258:
3908:
3082:
285:
sulfuric springs in Italy, and grows at 80 °C and pH of 2–4. Since its initial characterization by
2804:
Woese, CR; Olsen GJ (1984). "The phylogenetic relationships of three sulfur dependent archaebacteria".
685:
251:
and oddly-shaped cells. Recent evidence shows that some members of the
Thermoproteota are methanogens.
3365:
4761:
4629:
3923:
2854:
2813:
2776:
2739:
2702:
2653:
2612:
1820:
1765:
1706:
1651:
1424:
1369:
717:
3253:
854:
286:
2430:"Reclassification of the crenarchael orders and families in accordance with 16S rRNA sequence data"
1642:
Fuhrman JA, McCallum K, Davis AA (1992). "Novel major archaebacterial group from marine plankton".
971:
780:
756:
4620:
4253:
3935:
3320:
3198:
3099:
3077:
3065:
3040:
1862:
Yutin, Natalya; Makarova, Kira S.; Mekhedov, Sergey L.; Wolf, Yuri I.; Koonin, Eugene V. (2008).
1844:
1754:"Perspectives on archaeal diversity, thermophily and monophyly from environmental rRNA sequences"
1675:
1440:
1308:
1132:
308:
137:
55:
4738:
2642:"Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya"
1358:"Eocytes: a new ribosome structure indicates a kingdom with a close relationship to eukaryotes"
4720:
4045:
3711:
3591:
3492:
3415:
3338:
3109:
3072:
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2914:
2908:
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2755:
2718:
2681:
2628:
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2556:
2521:
2486:
2451:
2416:
2381:
2346:
2311:
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2241:
2206:
2171:
2136:
2101:
2072:
2037:
2002:
1973:
1943:
1893:
1836:
1793:
1734:
1667:
1397:
1333:
1300:
1261:
1210:
1124:
1077:
1044:
1026:
1020:
1016:
466:
255:
2693:
Achenbach-Richter, L; Woese CR (1988). "The ribosomal gene spacer region in archaebacteria".
261:
in 1984, but this classification has been discarded. The term "eocyte" now applies to either
4748:
4725:
4321:
4200:
4092:
4035:
3975:
3970:
3898:
3883:
3719:
3649:
3024:
2872:
2862:
2821:
2784:
2747:
2710:
2671:
2661:
2620:
2581:
2546:
2511:
2476:
2441:
2406:
2371:
2336:
2301:
2266:
2231:
2196:
2161:
2126:
2093:
2062:
2027:
1994:
1965:
1933:
1883:
1875:
1828:
1783:
1773:
1724:
1714:
1659:
1432:
1387:
1377:
1292:
1251:
1243:
1114:
1082:
1037:
353:
304:
300:
219:
2500:"List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet"
997:
In 2005, evidence of the first cultured “low temperature Crenarchaea” was published. Named
4686:
4494:
4399:
4361:
4316:
4248:
4005:
3965:
3950:
3843:
3633:
3577:
3531:
3440:
3315:
3300:
3282:
3267:
3210:
3193:
2570:"Taxonomic notes: a proposal for recording the properties of putative taxa of procaryotes"
991:
796:
639:
422:
393:
113:
82:
3786:
2858:
2817:
2780:
2743:
2706:
2657:
2616:
1824:
1769:
1710:
1655:
1428:
1373:
4554:
4499:
4489:
4331:
4145:
4010:
3985:
3980:
3960:
3955:
3858:
3848:
3460:
3390:
3240:
3222:
3055:
1888:
1863:
1256:
1231:
2975:
2877:
2842:
2825:
2788:
2751:
2714:
2624:
1392:
1357:
4778:
4278:
4263:
4225:
4150:
4086:
4072:
4020:
4015:
3929:
3918:
3913:
3893:
3888:
3863:
3775:
3658:
3567:
3504:
3480:
3135:
2904:
2676:
2641:
1788:
1753:
1729:
1694:
1327:
1247:
1165:
1136:
1067:
1048:
1029:
of classification has paved the possibilities of connections between crenarchaea and
599:
293:
have been found around the world. Unlike the vast majority of cultured thermophiles,
248:
240:
1312:
4474:
4469:
4444:
4419:
4409:
4336:
4205:
4079:
4040:
4025:
4000:
3995:
3940:
3873:
3701:
3696:
3679:
3628:
3617:
3277:
3262:
3205:
3144:
1848:
1679:
1444:
870:
741:
623:
481:
380:
227:
128:
2150:"DNA-DNA hybridization determined in micro-wells using covalent attachment of DNA"
2113:
Christensen, H; Bisgaard M; Frederiksen W; Mutters R; Kuhnert P; Olsen JE (2001).
2051:"Relationship of 16S rRNA sequence similarity to DNA hybridization in prokaryotes"
1040:. This could suggest that eukaryotic organisms possibly evolved from prokaryotes.
1007:-oxidizing organism isolated from a marine aquarium tank and grown at 28 °C.
4668:
4614:
4529:
4504:
4449:
4424:
4346:
4341:
4306:
4296:
3990:
3903:
3557:
3232:
3217:
944:
567:
282:
2481:
2464:
2411:
2394:
2376:
2359:
2341:
2324:
2306:
2289:
2271:
2254:
2236:
2219:
2201:
2184:
2166:
2149:
2131:
2114:
1969:
1362:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1279:
Blochl E, Rachel R, Burggraf S, Hafenbradl D, Jannasch HW, Stetter KO (1997). "
230:
but recent studies have identified characteristic Thermoproteota environmental
4562:
4524:
4454:
4434:
4429:
4414:
4384:
4356:
4311:
4301:
4273:
4268:
4210:
4185:
3878:
3853:
3006:
2586:
2569:
2551:
2534:
2516:
2499:
2446:
2429:
2097:
2067:
2050:
2032:
2015:
952:
295:
289:, a pioneer in thermophile and archaean research, similar species in the same
215:
157:
42:
4605:
1578:
4712:
4642:
4479:
4459:
4351:
4230:
4165:
4155:
4140:
4135:
4116:
3868:
2867:
2666:
1998:
1938:
1921:
1879:
1778:
1719:
1382:
1030:
2833:
2796:
2759:
2722:
2632:
2420:
2385:
2350:
2315:
2280:
2245:
2220:"Suggestions for avoiding on-going confusion from the Bacteriological Code"
2210:
2175:
2140:
2105:
2076:
2041:
2006:
1977:
1947:
1897:
1840:
1265:
1128:
1119:
1102:
2685:
2595:
2560:
2525:
2490:
2455:
1797:
1738:
1671:
1458:
1401:
1304:
1296:
4599:
4534:
4514:
4509:
4484:
4464:
4439:
4404:
4394:
4389:
4220:
4195:
4175:
3835:
3094:
2886:
1524:
2843:"Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms"
1832:
1181:
4539:
4519:
4215:
4190:
4180:
4170:
4126:
4063:
3010:
2183:
Xu, HX; Kawamura Y; Li N; Zhao L; Li TM; Li ZY; Shu S; Ezaki T (2000).
1436:
1004:
236:
223:
72:
38:
4673:
4379:
4371:
4240:
1663:
1058:
However, the topic is highly debated and research is still going on.
987:
147:
47:
4576:
226:. Initially, the Thermoproteota were thought to be sulfur-dependent
4647:
4660:
4288:
4160:
3431:
2395:"Proposals to update and make changes to the Bacteriological Code"
1103:"Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes"
983:
948:
290:
244:
2148:
Christensen, H; Angen O; Mutters R; Olsen JE; Bisgaard M (2000).
970:
This DNA transfer process can be regarded as a primitive form of
4326:
3818:
3540:
1052:
967:, is an important mechanism for promoting chromosome integrity.
262:
231:
92:
30:
4580:
3790:
2979:
2533:
Clayton, RA; Sutton G; Hinkle PS Jr; Bult C; Fields C (1995).
1230:
Cubonova L, Sandman K, Hallam SJ, Delong EF, Reeve JN (2005).
275:
One of the best characterized members of the Crenarchaeota is
4634:
254:
Thermoproteota were initially classified as a part of
1356:
Lake JA, Henderson E, Oakes M, Clark MW (June 1984).
2913:(2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. pp.
4589:
4552:
4370:
4287:
4239:
4124:
4115:
4062:
3834:
3710:
3657:
3648:
3548:
3539:
3530:
3430:
3363:
3251:
3186:
3167:
3143:
3134:
1752:Barns SM, Delwiche CF, Palmer JD, Pace NR (1996).
4103:Archaeal Richmond Mine acidophilic nanoorganisms
1608:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06459.x. PMID 18990182
265:(formerly Crenarchaeota) or to Thermoproteota.
2957:"Comparative analysis of crenarchaeal genomes"
3802:
2991:
2014:Dalevi, D; Hugenholtz P; Blackall LL (2001).
1186:National Center for Biotechnology Information
281:. This organism was originally isolated from
243:and are morphologically diverse, having rod,
8:
1603:
1601:
2360:"Misunderstanding the Bacteriological Code"
1618:
1616:
1614:
4577:
4121:
4059:
3831:
3827:
3809:
3795:
3787:
3654:
3545:
3536:
3140:
2998:
2984:
2976:
29:
20:
2876:
2866:
2675:
2665:
2640:Woese, CR; Kandler O; Wheelis ML (1990).
2585:
2550:
2515:
2480:
2445:
2428:Burggraf, S; Huber H; Stetter KO (1997).
2410:
2375:
2340:
2305:
2270:
2235:
2200:
2165:
2130:
2066:
2031:
1937:
1887:
1787:
1777:
1728:
1718:
1391:
1381:
1255:
1118:
2463:Palys, T; Nakamura LK; Cohan FM (1997).
1695:"Archaea in coastal marine environments"
317:
1864:"The deep archaeal roots of eukaryotes"
1093:
2907:. In DR Boone, RW Castenholz (eds.).
7:
2945:Virtual Microbiology (bact.wisc.edu)
2905:"Phylum AI. Crenarchaeota phy. nov."
1351:
1349:
1205:Madigan M; Martinko J, eds. (2005).
1055:or to Phylum Thermoproteota itself.
1011:Possible connections with eukaryotes
947:light strongly induces formation of
935:Recombinational repair of DNA damage
2961:Integrated Microbial Genomes System
1326:Garrity GM, Boone DR, eds. (2001).
846:
838:
772:
748:
692:
680:
673:
615:
591:
583:
559:
551:
459:
415:
408:
386:
376:
368:
346:
338:
2965:United States Department of Energy
14:
2568:Murray, RG; Schleifer KH (1994).
1043:These results are similar to the
1248:10.1128/JB.187.15.5482-5485.2005
1209:(11th ed.). Prentice Hall.
59:
2049:Keswani, J; Whitman WB (2001).
1868:Molecular Biology and Evolution
1480:"LTP_all tree in newick format"
1207:Brock Biology of Microorganisms
218:that have been classified as a
2253:Hansmann, S; Martin W (2000).
1:
2826:10.1016/S0723-2020(84)80054-5
2789:10.1016/S0723-2020(84)80054-5
2752:10.1016/S0723-2020(86)80005-4
2715:10.1016/s0723-2020(88)80002-x
2625:10.1016/s0723-2020(11)80303-6
2259:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
2224:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
2189:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
2154:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
2119:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
2086:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
2055:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
2020:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
1987:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
1958:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
1926:Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol
46:infected with specific virus
2903:Garrity GM, Holt JG (2001).
1501:"LTP_06_2022 Release Notes"
1101:Oren A, Garrity GM (2021).
171:corrig. Kozubal et al. 2013
4811:
2847:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
2841:Woese, CR; Fox GE (1977).
2646:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
2482:10.1099/00207713-47-4-1145
2412:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1309
2377:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1313
2342:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1321
2307:10.1099/00207713-49-3-1317
2272:10.1099/00207713-50-4-1655
2237:10.1099/00207713-50-4-1687
2202:10.1099/00207713-50-4-1463
2167:10.1099/00207713-50-3-1095
2132:10.1099/00207713-51-6-2221
1970:10.1099/00207713-52-3-1043
1920:Cavalier-Smith, T (2002).
1332:(2nd ed.). Springer.
1014:
961:homologous recombinational
4058:
3830:
3826:
3821:phyla/divisions by domain
3767:
3018:
2587:10.1099/00207713-44-1-174
2552:10.1099/00207713-45-3-595
2517:10.1099/00207713-47-2-590
2447:10.1099/00207713-47-3-657
2098:10.1099/00207713-51-3-945
2068:10.1099/00207713-51-2-667
2033:10.1099/00207713-51-2-385
1232:"Histones in Crenarchaea"
1182:"NCBI taxonomy resources"
1107:Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
868:
851:
844:
836:
794:
777:
770:
753:
746:
714:
697:
690:
678:
671:
637:
620:
613:
596:
589:
581:
564:
557:
479:
464:
457:
435:
420:
413:
406:
391:
384:
374:
366:
351:
344:
328:53 marker proteins based
327:
320:
201:Vanwonterghem et al. 2016
143:
136:
119:
112:
56:Scientific classification
54:
37:
28:
23:
1584:Genome Taxonomy Database
1557:Genome Taxonomy Database
1530:Genome Taxonomy Database
1179:Data extracted from the
1154:webpage on Crenarchaeota
1000:Nitrosopumilus maritimus
735:("Verstraetearchaeota")
4031:Thermodesulfobacteriota
3405:Methanomassiliicoccales
3330:Methanonatronarchaeales
2949:University of Wisconsin
2868:10.1073/pnas.74.11.5088
2667:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576
2574:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2539:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2504:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2469:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2434:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2399:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2364:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2329:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
2294:Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol
1999:10.1099/00207713-51-1-3
1939:10.1099/00207713-52-1-7
1779:10.1073/pnas.93.17.9188
1720:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5685
1525:"GTDB release 08-RS214"
1383:10.1073/pnas.81.12.3786
1236:Journal of Bacteriology
1164:C.Michael Hogan. 2010.
278:Sulfolobus solfataricus
107:Garrity & Holt 2021
3327:Methanonatronarchaeia
3237:"Methanofastidiosales"
1758:Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
1699:Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
1120:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056
1073:List of Archaea genera
305:chemoorganotrophically
199:"Verstraetearchaeota"
4734:Paleobiology Database
4259:Neocallimastigomycota
3609:"Methanomethylicales"
3177:"Hydrothermarchaeles"
3174:"Hydrothermarchaeia"
3168:"Hydrothermarchaeota"
2806:Syst. Appl. Microbiol
2769:Syst. Appl. Microbiol
2732:Syst. Appl. Microbiol
2695:Syst. Appl. Microbiol
2605:Syst. Appl. Microbiol
1880:10.1093/molbev/msn108
1297:10.1007/s007920050010
1047:of 1984, proposed by
165:Garrity and Holt 2001
156:This also applies to
3924:Coprothermobacterota
3727:"Heimdallarchaeales"
3606:"Methanomethylicia"
3588:"Geothermarchaeales"
3409:"Natronoplasmatales"
3395:"Aciduliprofundales"
3354:"Syntropharchaeales"
2896:Scientific handbooks
2393:Tindall, BJ (1999).
2358:Tindall, BJ (1999).
2323:Tindall, BJ (1999).
2288:Tindall, BJ (1999).
1552:"ar53_r214.sp_label"
622:Nitrososphaeria_A ("
437:Desulfurococcales 1
3774:Alternative views:
3377:"Thermoprofundales"
3348:"Syntropharchaeia"
3187:"Methanobacteriota"
3160:"Persephonarchaeia"
2859:1977PNAS...74.5088W
2818:1984SyApM...5...97W
2781:1984SyApM...5...97W
2744:1986SyApM...7..194M
2707:1988SyApM..10..211A
2658:1990PNAS...87.4576W
2617:1991SyApM..14..305W
2498:Euzeby, JP (1997).
2125:(Pt 6): 2221–2225.
1964:(Pt 3): 1043–1047.
1913:Scientific journals
1833:10.1038/nature03911
1825:2005Natur.437..543K
1770:1996PNAS...93.9188B
1711:1992PNAS...89.5685D
1656:1992Natur.356..148F
1429:1980ArMic.125..259Z
1374:1984PNAS...81.3786L
1025:The research about
701:Methanomethylicales
309:anaerobic organisms
283:geothermally heated
195:Whitman et al. 2018
187:"Thermoproteaeota"
125:"Methanomethylicia"
4254:Blastocladiomycota
3585:Conexivisphaerales
3446:"Aenigmatarchaeia"
3412:"Sysuiplasmatales"
3321:Methanomicrobiales
3310:"Methanoliparales"
3199:Methanobacteriales
2218:Young, JM (2000).
1693:DeLong EF (1992).
1437:10.1007/BF00446886
992:fixation of carbon
972:sexual interaction
4795:Polyextremophiles
4772:
4771:
4721:Open Tree of Life
4583:Taxon identifiers
4574:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4548:
4547:
4111:
4110:
4054:
4053:
4046:Verrucomicrobiota
3784:
3783:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3712:Heimdallarchaeota
3691:"Sigynarchaeales"
3644:
3643:
3612:"Nezhaarchaeales"
3592:Nitrososphaerales
3518:"Undinarchaeota"
3498:"Nanohalarchaeia"
3471:"Huberarchaeota"
3441:Aenigmatarchaeota
3426:
3425:
3416:Thermoplasmatales
3401:"Lunaplasmatales"
3398:"Gimiplasmatales"
3351:"Methanophagales"
3339:Methanosarcinales
3307:"Methanoliparia"
3272:"Mnemosynellales"
2924:978-0-387-98771-2
2853:(11): 5088–5090.
2652:(12): 4576–4579.
2092:(Pt 3): 945–953.
2061:(Pt 2): 667–678.
2026:(Pt 2): 385–391.
1368:(12): 3786–3790.
1339:978-0-387-98771-2
1281:Pyrolobus fumarii
1242:(15): 5482–5485.
1216:978-0-13-144329-7
1078:Two-domain system
1045:eocyte hypothesis
1027:two-domain system
1021:Two-domain system
1017:Eocyte hypothesis
932:
931:
927:
926:
917:
916:
908:
907:
899:
898:
890:
889:
881:
880:
825:
824:
816:
815:
807:
806:
729:
728:
686:Methanomethylicia
659:
658:
650:
649:
546:
545:
537:
536:
528:
527:
519:
518:
510:
509:
501:
500:
492:
491:
467:Desulfurococcales
446:
445:
208:
207:
202:
196:
193:"Thermoproteota"
190:
184:
181:"Nezhaarchaeota"
178:
172:
166:
160:
153:
108:
16:Phylum of archaea
4802:
4765:
4764:
4752:
4751:
4742:
4741:
4729:
4728:
4716:
4715:
4703:
4702:
4690:
4689:
4677:
4676:
4664:
4663:
4651:
4650:
4638:
4637:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4578:
4322:Anthocerotophyta
4201:Hemimastigophora
4122:
4093:Nitrososphaerota
4060:
4036:Thermomicrobiota
3976:Kiritimatiellota
3971:Ignavibacteriota
3936:Deferribacterota
3899:Campylobacterota
3884:Bdellovibrionota
3832:
3828:
3811:
3804:
3797:
3788:
3752:"Wukongarchaeia"
3744:"Borrarchaeales"
3733:"Kariarchaeales"
3724:"Gerdarchaeales"
3720:Heimdallarchaeia
3688:"Lokiarchaeales"
3672:"Hermodarchaeia"
3655:
3625:"Marsarchaeales"
3601:"Culexarchaeles"
3598:"Culexarchaeia"
3582:"Caldarchaeales"
3546:
3537:
3493:Nanohalarchaeota
3366:Thermoplasmatota
3343:Methanotrichales
3335:Methanosarcinia
3297:"Methanocellia"
3229:"Theionarchaeia"
3141:
3047:
3027:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2977:
2972:
2967:. Archived from
2952:
2928:
2890:
2880:
2870:
2837:
2800:
2763:
2738:(2–3): 194–197.
2726:
2689:
2679:
2669:
2636:
2599:
2589:
2564:
2554:
2529:
2519:
2494:
2484:
2475:(4): 1145–1156.
2459:
2449:
2424:
2414:
2405:(3): 1309–1312.
2389:
2379:
2370:(3): 1313–1316.
2354:
2344:
2335:(3): 1321–1322.
2319:
2309:
2300:(3): 1317–1319.
2284:
2274:
2265:(4): 1655–1663.
2249:
2239:
2230:(4): 1687–1689.
2214:
2204:
2195:(4): 1463–1469.
2179:
2169:
2160:(3): 1095–1102.
2144:
2134:
2109:
2080:
2070:
2045:
2035:
2010:
1981:
1951:
1941:
1902:
1901:
1891:
1874:(8): 1619–1630.
1859:
1853:
1852:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1732:
1722:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1664:10.1038/356148a0
1639:
1633:
1630:
1624:
1620:
1609:
1605:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1505:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1395:
1385:
1353:
1344:
1343:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1259:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1177:
1171:
1162:
1156:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1122:
1098:
1083:Asgard (archaea)
847:
839:
773:
749:
693:
681:
674:
669:"Sulfobacteria"
616:
592:
584:
560:
552:
460:
416:
409:
387:
377:
369:
354:Nitrososphaerota
347:
339:
318:
311:and have led to
200:
194:
189:Oren et al. 2015
188:
183:Wang et al. 2019
182:
176:
175:"Marsarchaeota"
170:
164:
163:"Crenarchaeota"
155:
152:Lake et al. 1984
151:
106:
64:
63:
33:
21:
4810:
4809:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4775:
4774:
4773:
4768:
4760:
4755:
4747:
4745:
4737:
4732:
4724:
4719:
4711:
4706:
4698:
4693:
4685:
4680:
4672:
4667:
4659:
4654:
4646:
4641:
4633:
4628:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4604:
4603:
4598:
4585:
4575:
4566:
4544:
4495:Gnathostomulida
4400:Xenacoelomorpha
4366:
4362:Flowering plant
4317:Marchantiophyta
4283:
4249:Chytridiomycota
4235:
4107:
4050:
4006:Planctomycetota
3966:Gemmatimonadota
3951:Elusimicrobiota
3844:Acidobacteriota
3822:
3815:
3785:
3780:
3755:
3747:"Sifarchaeales"
3738:"Njordarchaeia"
3730:"Hodarchaeales"
3706:
3685:"Helarchaeales"
3669:"Freyrarchaeia"
3666:"Baldrarchaeia"
3640:
3634:Thermoproteales
3578:Nitrososphaeria
3562:"Korarchaeales"
3532:Proteoarchaeota
3526:
3521:"Undinarchaeia"
3474:"Huberarchaeia"
3451:"Altarchaeota"
3422:
3385:"Poseidoniales"
3359:
3316:Methanomicrobia
3301:Methanocellales
3292:"Hikarchaeales"
3283:Halobacteriales
3268:Archaeoglobales
3247:
3211:Methanococcales
3194:Methanobacteria
3182:
3163:
3155:"Hadarchaeales"
3130:
3129:
3045:
3023:
3014:
3004:
2955:
2941:"Crenarchaeota"
2939:
2936:
2931:
2925:
2902:
2898:
2893:
2840:
2803:
2766:
2729:
2692:
2639:
2602:
2567:
2532:
2497:
2462:
2427:
2392:
2357:
2322:
2287:
2252:
2217:
2182:
2147:
2112:
2083:
2048:
2013:
1984:
1954:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1908:Further reading
1905:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1819:(7058): 543–6.
1810:
1809:
1805:
1764:(17): 9188–93.
1751:
1750:
1746:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1650:(6365): 148–9.
1641:
1640:
1636:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1612:
1606:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1579:"Taxon History"
1577:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1560:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1535:
1533:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1417:Arch. Microbiol
1414:
1413:
1409:
1355:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1190:
1188:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1163:
1159:
1148:
1144:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1064:
1023:
1015:Main articles:
1013:
980:
957:S. solfataricus
941:S. solfataricus
939:Irradiation of
937:
928:
923:Thermoproteota
918:
909:
900:
891:
882:
826:
817:
808:
797:Thermoproteales
730:
718:Nezhaarchaeales
660:
651:
640:Nitrososphaeria
547:
538:
529:
520:
511:
502:
493:
447:
423:Fervidicoccales
394:Thermoproteales
372:Thermoproteota
321:16S rRNA based
273:
177:Jay et al. 2018
154:
122:"Culexarchaeia"
105:
83:Proteoarchaeota
58:
24:Thermoproteota
17:
12:
11:
5:
4808:
4806:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4785:Thermoproteota
4777:
4776:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4753:
4743:
4730:
4717:
4704:
4691:
4678:
4665:
4652:
4639:
4626:
4611:
4595:
4593:
4587:
4586:
4581:
4572:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4560:
4558:
4555:Incertae sedis
4550:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4543:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4500:Micrognathozoa
4497:
4492:
4490:Acanthocephala
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4376:
4374:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4332:Lycopodiophyta
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4293:
4291:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4245:
4243:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4146:Ancyromonadida
4143:
4138:
4132:
4130:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4100:
4098:Thermoproteota
4095:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4068:
4066:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4011:Pseudomonadota
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3986:Mycoplasmatota
3983:
3981:Lentisphaerota
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3961:Fusobacteriota
3958:
3956:Fibrobacterota
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3859:Armatimonadota
3856:
3851:
3849:Actinomycetota
3846:
3840:
3838:
3824:
3823:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3772:
3768:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3741:"Sifarchaeia"
3739:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3716:
3714:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3676:
3675:"Jordarchaeia"
3673:
3670:
3667:
3663:
3661:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3623:
3622:"Gearchaeales"
3615:
3614:
3613:
3610:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3572:"Hecatellales"
3565:
3564:
3563:
3554:
3552:
3550:Thermoproteota
3543:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3513:"Nanohalobiia"
3511:
3510:"Nanoarchaeia"
3501:
3500:
3499:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3486:"Micrarchaeia"
3477:
3476:
3475:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3466:"Iainarchaeia"
3457:
3456:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3436:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3391:Thermoplasmata
3388:
3387:
3386:
3382:"Poseidoniia"
3380:
3379:
3378:
3374:"Izemarchaea"
3371:
3369:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3352:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3341:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3289:"Hikarchaeia"
3287:
3286:
3285:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3259:
3257:
3254:Halobacteriota
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3241:Thermococcales
3238:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3223:Methanopyrales
3215:
3214:
3213:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3152:"Hadarchaeia"
3149:
3147:
3138:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3120:Mesomycetozoea
3117:
3112:
3102:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3056:Diaphoretickes
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3013:classification
3005:
3003:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2971:on 2010-09-01.
2953:
2935:
2934:External links
2932:
2930:
2929:
2923:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2838:
2801:
2764:
2727:
2701:(3): 211–214.
2690:
2637:
2611:(4): 305–310.
2600:
2580:(1): 174–176.
2565:
2545:(3): 595–599.
2530:
2510:(2): 590–592.
2495:
2460:
2440:(3): 657–660.
2425:
2390:
2355:
2320:
2285:
2250:
2215:
2180:
2145:
2110:
2081:
2046:
2011:
1993:(Pt 1): 3–16.
1982:
1952:
1932:(Pt 1): 7–76.
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1854:
1803:
1744:
1705:(12): 5685–9.
1685:
1634:
1625:
1610:
1597:
1570:
1543:
1516:
1492:
1471:
1450:
1423:(3): 259–269.
1407:
1345:
1338:
1318:
1271:
1222:
1215:
1197:
1172:
1157:
1142:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1060:
1012:
1009:
979:
978:Marine species
976:
936:
933:
930:
929:
925:
924:
920:
919:
915:
914:
911:
910:
906:
905:
902:
901:
897:
896:
893:
892:
888:
887:
884:
883:
879:
878:
875:
874:
867:
864:
863:
860:
859:
855:Marsarchaeales
850:
845:
843:
837:
835:
832:
831:
828:
827:
823:
822:
819:
818:
814:
813:
810:
809:
805:
804:
801:
800:
793:
790:
789:
786:
785:
776:
771:
769:
766:
765:
762:
761:
752:
747:
745:
737:
736:
732:
731:
727:
726:
723:
722:
713:
710:
709:
706:
705:
696:
691:
689:
679:
677:
672:
670:
666:
665:
662:
661:
657:
656:
653:
652:
648:
647:
644:
643:
636:
633:
632:
629:
628:
619:
614:
612:
609:
608:
605:
604:
595:
590:
588:
582:
580:
577:
576:
573:
572:
563:
558:
556:
550:
548:
544:
543:
540:
539:
535:
534:
531:
530:
526:
525:
522:
521:
517:
516:
513:
512:
508:
507:
504:
503:
499:
498:
495:
494:
490:
489:
486:
485:
478:
475:
474:
471:
470:
463:
458:
456:
453:
452:
449:
448:
444:
443:
440:
439:
434:
431:
430:
427:
426:
419:
414:
412:
407:
405:
402:
401:
398:
397:
390:
385:
383:
375:
373:
367:
365:
362:
361:
358:
357:
350:
345:
343:
337:
334:
333:
326:
287:Wolfram Zillig
272:
267:
222:of the domain
212:Thermoproteota
206:
205:
204:
203:
197:
191:
185:
179:
173:
169:"Gearchaeota"
167:
161:
141:
140:
134:
133:
132:
131:
126:
123:
117:
116:
110:
109:
103:Thermoproteota
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
52:
51:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4807:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4790:Archaea phyla
4788:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4763:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4740:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4722:
4718:
4714:
4713:crenarchaeota
4709:
4705:
4701:
4696:
4692:
4688:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4657:
4653:
4649:
4644:
4640:
4636:
4631:
4627:
4622:
4621:Crenarchaeota
4616:
4612:
4607:
4601:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4592:
4591:Crenarchaeota
4588:
4584:
4579:
4565:
4564:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4551:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4290:
4286:
4280:
4279:Basidiomycota
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4264:Glomeromycota
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4226:Stramenopiles
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4151:Apusomonadida
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4088:
4087:Nanoarchaeota
4084:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4073:Euryarchaeota
4070:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4021:Spirochaetota
4019:
4017:
4016:Rhodothermota
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3946:Dictyoglomota
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3930:Cyanobacteria
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3919:Chrysiogenota
3917:
3915:
3914:Chloroflexota
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3894:Calditrichota
3892:
3890:
3889:Caldisericota
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3864:Atribacterota
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3820:
3812:
3807:
3805:
3800:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3777:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3751:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3660:
3659:Lokiarchaeota
3656:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3618:Thermoproteia
3616:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3576:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3568:Bathyarchaeia
3566:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3529:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3512:
3509:
3508:
3506:
3505:Nanoarchaeota
3502:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3490:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:Micrarchaeota
3478:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3461:Iainarchaeota
3458:
3454:"Altarchaeia"
3453:
3452:
3450:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3362:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3314:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3263:Archaeoglobia
3261:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3250:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3159:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3136:Euryarchaeota
3133:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3083:Stramenopiles
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3046:(major groups
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3021:
3017:
3012:
3008:
3001:
2996:
2994:
2989:
2987:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2926:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2888:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2775:(1): 97–105.
2774:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2704:
2700:
2696:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1855:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1807:
1804:
1799:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1745:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1638:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1517:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1322:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:Extremophiles
1282:
1275:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1198:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1097:
1094:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1068:Euryarchaeota
1066:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1049:James A. Lake
1046:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1018:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1002:
1001:
995:
993:
989:
985:
977:
975:
973:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
934:
922:
921:
913:
912:
904:
903:
895:
894:
886:
885:
877:
876:
873:
872:
866:
865:
862:
861:
858:
856:
849:
848:
842:"Sulfolobia"
841:
840:
834:
833:
830:
829:
821:
820:
812:
811:
803:
802:
799:
798:
792:
791:
788:
787:
784:
782:
781:Thermofilales
775:
774:
768:
767:
764:
763:
760:
758:
751:
750:
743:
742:Thermoproteia
739:
738:
734:
733:
725:
724:
721:
719:
712:
711:
708:
707:
704:
702:
695:
694:
687:
683:
682:
676:
675:
668:
667:
664:
663:
655:
654:
646:
645:
642:
641:
635:
634:
631:
630:
627:
625:
618:
617:
611:
610:
607:
606:
603:
601:
600:Bathyarchaeia
594:
593:
586:
585:
579:
578:
575:
574:
571:
569:
562:
561:
554:
553:
549:
542:
541:
533:
532:
524:
523:
515:
514:
506:
505:
497:
496:
488:
487:
484:
483:
477:
476:
473:
472:
469:
468:
462:
461:
455:
454:
451:
450:
442:
441:
438:
433:
432:
429:
428:
425:
424:
418:
417:
411:
410:
404:
403:
400:
399:
396:
395:
389:
388:
382:
381:Thermoproteia
379:
378:
371:
370:
364:
363:
360:
359:
356:
355:
349:
348:
341:
340:
336:
335:
331:
324:
319:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:
292:
288:
284:
280:
279:
271:
268:
266:
264:
260:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
241:Gram negative
238:
233:
229:
228:extremophiles
225:
221:
217:
213:
198:
192:
186:
180:
174:
168:
162:
159:
149:
145:
144:
142:
139:
135:
130:
127:
124:
121:
120:
118:
115:
111:
104:
101:
98:
97:
94:
91:
89:Superphylum:
88:
87:
84:
81:
78:
77:
74:
71:
68:
67:
62:
57:
53:
49:
45:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4590:
4561:
4553:
4475:Orthonectida
4470:Gastrotricha
4445:Nematomorpha
4420:Chaetognatha
4410:Hemichordate
4337:Pteridophyta
4206:Malawimonada
4097:
4080:Korarchaeota
4041:Thermotogota
4026:Synergistota
4001:Nitrospirota
3996:Nitrospinota
3941:Deinococcota
3874:Bacteroidota
3702:Thorarchaeia
3697:Odinarchaeia
3680:Lokiarchaeia
3629:Sulfolobales
3549:
3278:Halobacteria
3206:Methanococci
3145:Hadarchaeota
3105:Opisthokonta
2969:the original
2944:
2909:
2850:
2846:
2809:
2805:
2772:
2768:
2735:
2731:
2698:
2694:
2649:
2645:
2608:
2604:
2577:
2573:
2542:
2538:
2507:
2503:
2472:
2468:
2437:
2433:
2402:
2398:
2367:
2363:
2332:
2328:
2297:
2293:
2262:
2258:
2227:
2223:
2192:
2188:
2157:
2153:
2122:
2118:
2089:
2085:
2058:
2054:
2023:
2019:
1990:
1986:
1961:
1957:
1929:
1925:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1761:
1757:
1747:
1702:
1698:
1688:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1628:
1588:. Retrieved
1582:
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1555:
1546:
1534:. Retrieved
1528:
1519:
1507:. Retrieved
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1474:
1462:. Retrieved
1453:
1420:
1416:
1410:
1365:
1361:
1328:
1321:
1291:(1): 14–21.
1288:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1206:
1200:
1189:. Retrieved
1175:
1166:
1160:
1145:
1113:(10): 5056.
1110:
1106:
1096:
1057:
1042:
1035:
1024:
998:
996:
981:
969:
956:
949:type IV pili
940:
938:
871:Sulfolobales
869:
852:
795:
778:
757:Gearchaeales
754:
715:
698:
638:
624:Aigarchaeota
621:
597:
565:
482:Sulfolobales
480:
465:
436:
421:
392:
352:
312:
294:
276:
274:
269:
258:
253:
211:
209:
129:Thermoprotei
102:
41:
18:
4669:iNaturalist
4615:Wikispecies
4530:Brachiopoda
4505:Cycliophora
4450:Onychophora
4425:Kinorhyncha
4347:Ginkgophyta
4342:Cycadophyta
4307:Chlorophyta
4297:Glaucophyta
3991:Myxococcota
3909:Chlorobiota
3904:Chlamydiota
3776:Wikispecies
3558:Korarchaeia
3233:Thermococci
3218:Methanopyri
3007:Prokaryotes
1003:, it is an
965:damaged DNA
945:ultraviolet
943:cells with
568:Korarchaeia
301:aerobically
249:filamentous
216:prokaryotes
4779:Categories
4563:Parakaryon
4525:Entoprocta
4460:Arthropoda
4455:Tardigrada
4435:Priapulida
4430:Loricifera
4415:Echinoderm
4385:Ctenophora
4357:Gnetophyta
4312:Charophyta
4302:Rhodophyta
4274:Ascomycota
4269:Zygomycota
4211:Metamonada
4186:Euglenozoa
4171:Ciliophora
3879:Balneolota
3854:Aquificota
2812:: 97–105.
1191:2007-03-19
1089:References
1053:TACK group
1031:eukaryotes
963:repair of
953:chromosome
313:Sulfolobus
296:Sulfolobus
270:Sulfolobus
158:TACK group
93:TACK group
43:Sulfolobus
4480:Dicyemida
4352:Pinophyta
4231:Telonemia
4166:Cryptista
4156:Breviatea
4141:Amoebozoa
4136:Alveolata
4117:Eukaryote
3869:Bacillota
3100:Amoebozoa
3078:Alveolata
3066:Cryptista
3041:Eukaryota
1459:"The LTP"
1137:239887308
332:08-RS214
325:_06_2022
79:Kingdom:
4600:Wikidata
4540:Annelida
4535:Mollusca
4515:Phoronid
4510:Nemertea
4485:Rotifera
4465:Flatworm
4440:Nematoda
4405:Chordate
4395:Cnidaria
4390:Placozoa
4221:Rhizaria
4196:Haptista
4176:Cercozoa
3836:Bacteria
3095:Amorphea
3073:Rhizaria
3061:Hacrobia
3051:Excavata
3036:Bacteria
2834:11541975
2797:11541975
2760:11542064
2723:11542149
2633:11540071
2421:10425795
2386:10425796
2351:10425797
2316:10490293
2281:10939673
2246:10939677
2211:10939651
2176:10843050
2141:11760965
2106:11411719
2077:11321113
2042:11321083
2007:11211268
1978:12054223
1948:11837318
1898:18463089
1841:16177789
1623:21999488
1313:29789667
1266:16030242
1149:See the
1129:34694987
1062:See also
602:" (MCG)
237:histones
138:Synonyms
99:Phylum:
69:Domain:
4606:Q499078
4520:Bryozoa
4216:Provora
4191:Jakobea
4181:Discoba
4127:Protist
4064:Archaea
3817:Extant
3771:Source:
3110:Animals
3031:Archaea
3011:Archaea
2855:Bibcode
2814:Bibcode
2777:Bibcode
2740:Bibcode
2703:Bibcode
2686:2112744
2654:Bibcode
2613:Bibcode
2596:8123559
2561:8590690
2526:9103655
2491:9336922
2456:9226896
1889:2464739
1849:4340386
1821:Bibcode
1798:8799176
1766:Bibcode
1739:1608980
1707:Bibcode
1680:4342208
1672:1545865
1652:Bibcode
1445:5805400
1425:Bibcode
1402:6587394
1370:Bibcode
1305:9680332
1257:1196040
1167:Archaea
1038:asgards
1005:ammonia
555:"TACK"
342:"TACK"
224:Archaea
73:Archaea
39:Archaea
4762:559440
4749:229909
4746:uBio:
4739:288523
4726:114216
4700:951422
4674:151824
4648:1CRENP
4380:Sponge
4372:Animal
3650:Asgard
3088:Plants
3025:Domain
2921:
2887:270744
2885:
2878:432104
2875:
2832:
2795:
2758:
2721:
2684:
2674:
2631:
2594:
2559:
2524:
2489:
2454:
2419:
2384:
2349:
2314:
2279:
2244:
2209:
2174:
2139:
2104:
2075:
2040:
2005:
1976:
1946:
1896:
1886:
1847:
1839:
1813:Nature
1796:
1786:
1737:
1727:
1678:
1670:
1644:Nature
1590:10 May
1563:10 May
1536:10 May
1509:10 May
1485:10 May
1464:10 May
1443:
1400:
1393:345305
1390:
1336:
1311:
1303:
1264:
1254:
1213:
1135:
1127:
988:TEX-86
984:lipids
587:"BAT"
299:grows
259:Eocyta
256:Regnum
220:phylum
148:Eocyta
48:STSV-1
4757:WoRMS
4682:IRMNG
4289:Plant
4241:Fungi
4161:CRuMs
3432:DPANN
3115:Fungi
2677:54159
1845:S2CID
1789:38617
1730:49357
1676:S2CID
1504:(PDF)
1441:S2CID
1309:S2CID
1133:S2CID
291:genus
245:cocci
114:Class
4708:LPSN
4695:ITIS
4656:GBIF
4643:EPPO
4635:7953
4327:Moss
3819:life
3541:TACK
2919:ISBN
2883:PMID
2830:PMID
2793:PMID
2756:PMID
2719:PMID
2682:PMID
2629:PMID
2592:PMID
2557:PMID
2522:PMID
2487:PMID
2452:PMID
2417:PMID
2382:PMID
2347:PMID
2312:PMID
2277:PMID
2242:PMID
2207:PMID
2172:PMID
2137:PMID
2102:PMID
2073:PMID
2038:PMID
2003:PMID
1974:PMID
1944:PMID
1894:PMID
1837:PMID
1794:PMID
1735:PMID
1668:PMID
1592:2023
1565:2023
1538:2023
1511:2023
1487:2023
1466:2023
1398:PMID
1334:ISBN
1301:PMID
1262:PMID
1211:ISBN
1151:NCBI
1125:PMID
1019:and
330:GTDB
303:and
263:TACK
232:rRNA
214:are
210:The
4687:152
4630:EoL
2915:169
2873:PMC
2863:doi
2822:doi
2785:doi
2748:doi
2711:doi
2672:PMC
2662:doi
2621:doi
2582:doi
2547:doi
2512:doi
2477:doi
2442:doi
2407:doi
2372:doi
2337:doi
2302:doi
2267:doi
2232:doi
2197:doi
2162:doi
2127:doi
2094:doi
2063:doi
2028:doi
1995:doi
1966:doi
1934:doi
1884:PMC
1876:doi
1829:doi
1817:437
1784:PMC
1774:doi
1725:PMC
1715:doi
1660:doi
1648:356
1433:doi
1421:125
1388:PMC
1378:doi
1293:doi
1252:PMC
1244:doi
1240:187
1115:doi
626:")
323:LTP
4781::
4759::
4736::
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4697::
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4661:79
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