583:
225:
555:
605:
543:
217:
531:
519:
507:
209:
404:, who succeeded Minh Mạng, erected the Từ Nhân Pagoda in 1844, which is now known as the Phước Duyên Pagoda. The brick pagoda stands 21 m and is of octagonal shape and has seven stories, each of which is dedicated to a different Buddha. The pagoda has stood there since, overlooking the Perfume River, and has become synonymous with the landscape of Huế and the Perfume River. Its impact is such that it has become the unofficial symbol of the city.
567:
393:
929:
76:
834:
264:(literally "celestial lady"), dressed in red and blue sat at the site, rubbing her cheeks. She foretold that a lord would come and erect a pagoda on the hill to pray for the country's prosperity. She then vanished after making her prophecy. Upon hearing this, Hoang ordered the construction of a temple at the site, thus the beginning of
582:
418:
authorised reconstructions in 1907 and it has continued to the current day, although it was still substantially less grand and expansive as its halcyon days of the Nguyễn dynasty before the storm. Today, a tourist facility is also present among the gardens and grounds of the temple, and a stupa has
317:
In 1710, Chu funded the casting of a giant bell, which weighs 3,285 kg, and was regarded as one of the most prized cultural relics of its time in
Vietnam. The bell is said to be audible 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away and has been the subject of many poems and songs, including one by Emperor
369:
to coincide in the rainy season. During this time, monks would stay in one place and pursue their spiritual activities, rather than wandering around and expounding the dharma to the populace, since they were prone to step on living beings during this time due to the water covering their paths. He
482:
In the early 1980s, a person was murdered near the pagoda and the site became the focal point of anti-communist protests, closing traffic around the Phú Xuân Bridge. The communist government responded by arresting monks on the charge of disturbing traffic flow and public order.
454:
labour and in some rural areas, Catholic priests led private armies against
Buddhist villages. Discontent with Diem exploded into mass protest in Huế during the summer of 1963 when nine Buddhists died at the hand of Diệm's army and police on
302:, or the Vietnamese transliteration "Tào Động Tông"), arrived from China. He had been invited to come to Huế as a guest of the Nguyễn Lords to start a Buddhist congregation and oversee its development. He was a noted Buddhist scholar of the
325:
In 1714, Chu oversaw another series of major expansions and construction projects, the largest expansion phase in the pagoda's history. The main set of triple gates were erected, in addition to different shrines to the heavenly realms, the
445:
since his rise to power in 1955. Diem had shown strong favouritism towards
Catholics and discrimination against Buddhists in the army, public service and distribution of government aid. In the countryside, Catholics were
494:
in 1963 against the Diem regime. It was the first of a series of self-immolations by members of the
Buddhist clergy, which brought the plight of Buddhists to the attention of the international community.
419:
been erected in honour of Hòa Thượng Thích Ðôn Hậu, the abbot of the temple during its reconstruction phase in the 20th century. His holy body is entombed in the stupa, which is a garden of pine trees.
475:
to the government broadcasting station was ended when government forces opened fire. As a result, Buddhist protests were held across the country and steadily grew in size, asking for the signing of a
955:
873:
554:
224:
411:, a symbol of longevity. Beside the tower on either side are structures that record the architectural history of the tower, as well as various poems composed by Thiệu Trị.
479:
to end religious inequality. Thien Mu Pagoda was a major organising point for the
Buddhist movement and was often the location of hunger strikes, barricades and protests.
365:
retreat which occurs annually between the full moon of the fourth and the seventh lunar month. The tradition had been inaugurated in the time of
Gautama Buddha in
260:
independent ruler of central
Vietnam. According to the royal annals, Hoang while touring the vicinity, was told of the local legend in which an old lady, known as
506:
530:
604:
866:
542:
518:
970:
271:
The original temple was simply constructed, then later expanded and refurbished. In 1665, major construction was undertaken by the Nguyễn Lord
838:
732:
965:
859:
960:
32:
441:, became a hotbed of anti-government protest. South Vietnam's Buddhist majority had long been discontented with the rule of President
817:
798:
653:
566:
381:
During the 19th century, the temple was patronised by the emperors of the Nguyễn dynasty, which was founded in 1802 by
Emperor
592:
487:
476:
459:, the birthday of Gautama Buddha. In May 1963, a law against the flying of religious flags was selectively invoked; the
882:
188:
The temple sits on the Hà Khê hill, in the ward of Hương Long in Huế. It is around 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the
431:
272:
468:
898:
913:
846:
310:
and was appointed as the abbot of the pagoda. In the seventh month of 1696, he returned to China, but conferred
179:
is regarded as the unofficial symbol of the city, and the temple has often been the subject of folk rhymes and
216:
918:
472:
908:
893:
307:
928:
903:
181:
695:
699:
241:
573:
471:, Diem's brother. The Buddhists defied the ban and a protest that began with a march starting from
88:
193:
189:
401:
319:
208:
813:
794:
728:
724:
649:
347:
791:
Cold War
Mandarin: Ngo Dinh Diem and the Origins of America's War in Vietnam, 1950–1963
245:
237:
366:
415:
327:
351:
331:
378:
sutras, which comprised more than one thousand volumes, and interred them in the pagoda.
335:
124:
102:
289:
386:
371:
949:
645:
460:
442:
438:
249:
197:
940:
464:
303:
414:
The temple and its buildings were severely damaged in a cyclone in 1904. Emperor
392:
311:
17:
467:
was displayed to celebrate the anniversary of the consecration of
Archbishop
232:(神京二十景) set of landscape paintings painted in the 5th year of Thiệu Trị, 1845
47:
34:
427:
451:
248:(now known as Huế). The Nguyen Lords were in name, officials of the ruling
75:
851:
833:
512:
The gate of Thiên Mụ Pagoda and Phước duyên Tower is seen from the inside.
268:. The Goddess is an adaptation of a pre-existing Cham goddess, Po Nagar.
196:
on the site of a pre-existing shrine and sits on the northern bank of the
131:
748:
Nguyễn, Thế Anh (1995). "The Vietnamization of the Cham Deity Pô Nagar".
423:
382:
375:
168:
172:
288:, or the Vietnamese transliteration "Thích Đại Sán"), a member of the
137:
134:
115:
112:
109:
596:
491:
355:
339:
176:
27:
Historical Buddhist temple in the Thừa Thiên Huế province of Vietnam
346:, bell towers, drum towers, meditation halls and halls to venerate
456:
391:
370:
also organised an expedition to China to bring back copies of the
362:
343:
253:
223:
536:
The stone stele talks about Phước Duyên tower in Thiên Mụ pagoda.
589:
408:
855:
486:
The temple also houses the Austin motor vehicle in which
437:
During the summer of 1963, Thiên Mụ Temple, like many in
389:
funded further expansion and renovation of the temple.
385:
after his unification of modern Vietnam. His successor
956:
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1601
123:
101:
87:
82:
64:
524:Monolithic jackfruit wood drum in Thiên Mụ Pagoda.
278:In 1695, the Zen Master Shi Da Shan (Chinese:
129:
107:
93:
322:of the Nguyễn dynasty who ruled in the 1840s.
867:
407:The temple also contains a statue of a large
8:
463:was banned from display on Vesak while the
874:
860:
852:
361:Chu also organised for the staging of the
74:
396:The stone turtle with a stele on its back
236:Built in 1601 on the order of the first
215:
207:
192:constructed by the first emperor of the
689:
687:
685:
621:
502:
422:In the main hall, there is a statue of
244:, who at that time was the governor of
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
306:and was patronised by the ruling Lord
167:) is a historic temple in the city of
61:
490:was driven to his self-immolation in
175:. Its iconic seven-story Phước Duyên
7:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
426:, flanked by Bồ Tát Văn Thù Sư Lợi (
430:Bodhisattva) and Bồ Tát Phổ Hiền (
25:
572:Tower tomb of the late Venerable
560:The main hall of Thiên Mụ Pagoda.
927:
832:
610:A novice monk at Thiên Mụ Pagoda
603:
581:
565:
553:
541:
529:
517:
505:
548:Three tours of Thiên Mụ Pagoda.
298:
284:
130:
108:
1:
971:17th-century Buddhist temples
338:: 十殿閻羅), halls for preaching
839:Pagoda of the Celestial Lady
793:. Rowman & Littlefield.
354:and living quarters for the
157:Temple of the Celestial Lady
961:Buddhist temples in Vietnam
847:Buddhist temples in Vietnam
812:. Oxford University Press.
721:Arts of Việt Nam, 1009–1945
719:Nguyễn Long, Kerry (2013).
987:
775:Jacobs, pp. 247–250.
925:
889:
766:Jones, pp. 142–143.
595:rode to self-immolate in
293:
279:
145:
73:
69:
941:Thien Mu Pagoda View 360
48:16.453599°N 107.544812°E
966:Buddhist temples in Huế
883:Buddhist temples in Huế
450:exempt from performing
230:Thần kinh thập nhị cảnh
228:Thiên Mụ Temple in the
808:Jones, Howard (2003).
588:The "relic" car which
397:
233:
221:
213:
160:
94:
841:at Wikimedia Commons
810:Death of a Generation
789:Jacobs, Seth (2006).
696:"Các chùa miền Trung"
395:
342:, towers for storing
227:
219:
211:
53:16.453599; 107.544812
727:. pp. 161–162.
648:. pp. 211–212.
332:Thập Điện Diêm Vương
89:Vietnamese alphabet
44: /
640:Ray, Nick (2005).
398:
234:
222:
214:
936:
935:
837:Media related to
734:978-604-77-0598-6
698:(in Vietnamese).
149:
148:
16:(Redirected from
978:
931:
876:
869:
862:
853:
836:
823:
804:
776:
773:
767:
764:
758:
757:
745:
739:
738:
716:
710:
709:
707:
706:
691:
660:
659:
637:
607:
585:
569:
557:
545:
533:
521:
509:
477:Joint Communiqué
300:
295:
286:
281:
220:Tháp Phước Duyên
141:
140:
119:
118:
97:
78:
62:
59:
58:
56:
55:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
40:
37:
21:
986:
985:
981:
980:
979:
977:
976:
975:
946:
945:
937:
932:
923:
885:
880:
830:
820:
807:
801:
788:
785:
780:
779:
774:
770:
765:
761:
747:
746:
742:
735:
718:
717:
713:
704:
702:
693:
692:
663:
656:
639:
638:
623:
618:
611:
608:
599:
593:Thích Quảng Đức
586:
577:
570:
561:
558:
549:
546:
537:
534:
525:
522:
513:
510:
501:
488:Thích Quảng Đức
352:Medicine Buddha
308:Nguyễn Phúc Chu
273:Nguyễn Phúc Tần
206:
153:Thiên Mụ Temple
83:Vietnamese name
65:Thiên Mụ Temple
52:
50:
46:
43:
38:
35:
33:
31:
30:
28:
23:
22:
18:Thien Mu Pagoda
15:
12:
11:
5:
984:
982:
974:
973:
968:
963:
958:
948:
947:
944:
943:
934:
933:
926:
924:
922:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
890:
887:
886:
881:
879:
878:
871:
864:
856:
850:
849:
829:
828:External links
826:
825:
824:
818:
805:
799:
784:
781:
778:
777:
768:
759:
740:
733:
711:
700:Buddhism Today
694:Võ Văn Tường.
661:
654:
620:
619:
617:
614:
613:
612:
609:
602:
600:
587:
580:
578:
571:
564:
562:
559:
552:
550:
547:
540:
538:
535:
528:
526:
523:
516:
514:
511:
504:
500:
497:
434:Bodhisattva).
374:canon and the
348:Avalokiteśvara
296:; pinyin:
292:(Chinese:
290:Caodong school
282:; pinyin:
256:, but was the
205:
202:
194:Nguyễn dynasty
190:Citadel of Huế
165:Linh Mụ Temple
163:; also called
159:, Vietnamese:
147:
146:
143:
142:
127:
121:
120:
105:
99:
98:
91:
85:
84:
80:
79:
71:
70:
67:
66:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
983:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
953:
951:
942:
939:
938:
930:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
888:
884:
877:
872:
870:
865:
863:
858:
857:
854:
848:
845:(Vietnamese)
844:
843:
842:
840:
835:
827:
821:
819:0-19-505286-2
815:
811:
806:
802:
800:0-7425-4447-8
796:
792:
787:
786:
782:
772:
769:
763:
760:
755:
751:
744:
741:
736:
730:
726:
722:
715:
712:
701:
697:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
662:
657:
655:1-74059-677-3
651:
647:
646:Lonely Planet
643:
636:
634:
632:
630:
628:
626:
622:
615:
606:
601:
598:
594:
591:
584:
579:
575:
574:Thích Đôn Hậu
568:
563:
556:
551:
544:
539:
532:
527:
520:
515:
508:
503:
498:
496:
493:
489:
484:
480:
478:
474:
473:Từ Đàm Temple
470:
469:Ngô Đình Thục
466:
462:
461:Buddhist flag
458:
453:
449:
444:
443:Ngo Dinh Diem
440:
439:South Vietnam
435:
433:
432:Samantabhadra
429:
425:
420:
417:
412:
410:
409:marble turtle
405:
403:
394:
390:
388:
384:
379:
377:
373:
368:
367:ancient India
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
323:
321:
315:
314:vows on Chu.
313:
309:
305:
301:
291:
287:
276:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
231:
226:
218:
210:
203:
201:
199:
198:Perfume River
195:
191:
186:
184:
183:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
161:Chùa Thiên Mụ
158:
154:
144:
139:
136:
133:
128:
126:
122:
117:
114:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
95:Chùa Thiên Mụ
92:
90:
86:
81:
77:
72:
68:
63:
60:
57:
19:
831:
809:
790:
783:Bibliography
771:
762:
753:
750:Asia Journal
749:
743:
720:
714:
703:. Retrieved
641:
485:
481:
465:Vatican flag
447:
436:
421:
413:
406:
399:
380:
360:
324:
316:
304:Qing dynasty
297:
283:
277:
270:
265:
261:
257:
242:Nguyễn Hoàng
238:Nguyễn lords
235:
229:
187:
185:about Huế.
180:
164:
156:
152:
150:
29:
312:bodhisattva
299:cáodòngzōng
266:Thiên Mụ Tự
51: /
39:107°32′41″E
950:Categories
914:Thuyền Tôn
705:2008-02-22
616:References
416:Thành Thái
328:Ngọc Hoàng
250:Lê dynasty
212:Chính điện
36:16°27′13″N
428:Manjushri
402:Thiệu Trị
387:Minh Mạng
372:Tripiṭaka
320:Thiệu Trị
285:shìdàshān
246:Thuận Hóa
155:(meaning
909:Thiên Mụ
894:Báo Quốc
756:: 55–67.
725:Thẽ Giới
448:de facto
424:Maitreya
400:Emperor
383:Gia Long
376:Mahayana
350:and the
262:Thiên Mụ
258:de facto
904:Quốc Ân
899:Diệu Đế
642:Vietnam
499:Gallery
363:vassana
336:Chữ Hán
204:History
173:Vietnam
125:Chữ Nôm
103:Chữ Hán
919:Từ Đàm
816:
797:
731:
652:
597:Saigon
492:Saigon
452:corvée
356:sangha
344:sutras
340:dharma
330:, the
182:ca dao
177:pagoda
457:Vesak
254:Hanoi
814:ISBN
795:ISBN
729:ISBN
650:ISBN
590:Monk
151:The
294:曹洞宗
280:釋大汕
252:in
171:in
169:Huế
952::
752:.
723:.
664:^
644:.
624:^
358:.
275:.
240:,
200:.
132:𫴶
875:e
868:t
861:v
822:.
803:.
754:2
737:.
708:.
658:.
576:.
334:(
138:姥
135:天
116:寺
113:姥
110:天
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.