428:
450:
35:
318:
2170:
997:...the ESEA lineage differentiated into at least three distinct ancestries: Tianyuan ancestry which can be found 40,000-33,000 years ago in northern East Asia, ancestry found today across present-day populations of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Siberia, but whose origins are unknown, and Hòabìnhian ancestry found 8,000-4,000 years ago in Southeast Asia, but whose origins in the Upper Paleolithic are unknown.
928:...the ESEA lineage differentiated into at least three distinct ancestries: Tianyuan ancestry which can be found 40,000-33,000 years ago in northern East Asia, ancestry found today across present-day populations of East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Siberia, but whose origins are unknown, and Hòabìnhian ancestry found 8,000-4,000 years ago in Southeast Asia, but whose origins in the Upper Paleolithic are unknown.
2194:
51:
2182:
351:
A genome-wide analysis confirmed the close affinity of
Tianyuan man to modern East Asian and Southeast Asians, but also showed that he is not directly ancestral to modern populations, but rather represents a deeply diverged member of the East and Southeast Asian (ESEA) lineage, basal to all later
1012:
Massilani, Diyendo; Skov, Laurits; Hajdinjak, Mateja; Gunchinsuren, Byambaa; Tseveendorj, Damdinsuren; Yi, Seonbok; Lee, Jungeun; Nagel, Sarah; Nickel, Birgit; Devièse, Thibaut; Higham, Tom; Meyer, Matthias; Kelso, Janet; Peter, Benjamin M.; Pääbo, Svante (30 October 2020).
418:
shares more alleles with
Tianyuan man than does any other sampled ancient individual from West Eurasia. The GoyetQ116-1 specimen is inferred to have received 14-23% ancestry from an Early East Eurasian population distantly related to the Tianyuan man.
291:
Nothing is known directly about the material culture of this individual, since so far no artifacts or other cultural remains have been found at the site. Isotope analysis suggests that a substantial part of his diet came from freshwater fish.
463:
was carried out by ancestors of modern Papuan New
Guineans and Australian Aboriginal populations, followed by deep mainland Asian (Tianyuan- or Onge-related) ancestry, preceding later expansions from Mainland Southeast Asia and Southern
403:) derives approximately 83% ancestry from a Tianyuan-like population, with the remainder (17%) being derived from a Kostenki14-like population. The Salkhit individual displayed a complex relationship to the Ancient North Eurasians.
1169:
Mao, Xiaowei; Zhang, Hucai; Qiao, Shiyu; Liu, Yichen; Chang, Fengqin; Xie, Ping; Zhang, Ming; Wang, Tianyi; Li, Mian; Cao, Peng; Yang, Ruowei; Liu, Feng; Dai, Qingyan; Feng, Xiaotian; Ping, Wanjing (June 2021).
337:) was published in 2013 and revealed that Tianyuan man is related "to many present-day Asians and Native Americans" and had already diverged genetically from the ancestors of modern Europeans. He belonged to
305:
Tianyuan man is considered an early modern homo sapiens. He lacks several mandibular features common among western
Eurasian late archaic humans, showing its divergence. Based on the rate of dental
271:. Radiocarbon dating shows the bones to be between 42,000 and 39,000 years old, which may be slightly younger than the only other finds of bones of a similar age at the
2225:
2067:
376:(Australasians). The lineage ancestral to the Tianyuan man (dubbed as the "ESEA" lineage) is inferred to have diverged from the Ancient East Eurasians, following a
2235:
427:
1303:
744:
34:
1263:
1313:
2220:
2155:
1999:
449:
200:
1308:
2057:
1318:
433:
Ancestry related to the
Tianyuan man is defined as Basal East Asian (BEA); ancestry related to Ancient East Asians (AEA); ancestry related to
2062:
1940:
772:
Yang, Melinda A.; Gao, Xing; Theunert, Christoph; Tong, Haowen; Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer; Nickel, Birgit; Slatkin, Montgomery; Meyer, Matthias;
2019:
1060:
Vallini, Leonardo; Marciani, Giulia; Aneli, Serena; Bortolini, Eugenio; Benazzi, Stefano; Pievani, Telmo; Pagani, Luca (1 April 2022).
2128:
1994:
1220:
2138:
2034:
1915:
1120:
Kusuma, Pradiptajati; Cox, Murray P.; Barker, Graeme; Sudoyo, Herawati; Lansing, J. Stephen; Jacobs, Guy S. (1 November 2023).
2230:
2133:
1434:
234:
1256:
226:
2004:
1881:
1767:
1062:"Genetics and Material Culture Support Repeated Expansions into Paleolithic Eurasia from a Population Hub Out of Africa"
941:"Genetics and Material Culture Support Repeated Expansions into Paleolithic Eurasia from a Population Hub Out of Africa"
2198:
2102:
1920:
1441:
1295:
491:
438:
434:
2186:
1960:
1891:
1427:
1420:
1413:
487:
317:
252:
611:
Hu, Y.; Shang, H.; Tong, H.; Nehlich, O.; Liu, W.; Zhao, C.; Yu, J.; Wang, C.; Trinkaus, E.; Richards, M. (2009).
2143:
2039:
1935:
745:"Allen Ancient DNA Resource (AADR): Downloadable genotypes of present-day and ancient DNA data | David Reich Lab"
353:
2174:
1477:
1249:
377:
479:, suggesting that Tianyuan-like ancestry was widespreaded in Northeastern Asia during the Paleolithic period.
2112:
2049:
2009:
1455:
495:
188:
2107:
2082:
2077:
1970:
1925:
1886:
1448:
499:
392:
357:
345:
356:
wave (>45kya) "ascribed to a population movement with uniform genetic features and material culture" (
1491:
842:
2072:
1975:
1876:
1837:
1782:
1687:
1391:
1384:
789:
698:
624:
565:
341:
471:
The
Tianyuan man displays high genetic affinities to a 33,000 year old specimen (AR33K) between the
1484:
2193:
778:"40,000-Year-Old Individual from Asia Provides Insight into Early Population Structure in Eurasia"
2029:
1896:
1871:
1747:
878:
483:
306:
773:
682:
365:
40:
2148:
2014:
1955:
1945:
1716:
1680:
1534:
1328:
1201:
1193:
1151:
1143:
1099:
1081:
1042:
1034:
988:
919:
870:
862:
823:
805:
726:
660:
642:
593:
385:
369:
338:
78:
1172:"The deep population history of northern East Asia from the Late Pleistocene to the Holocene"
2024:
1777:
1594:
1556:
1403:
1183:
1133:
1089:
1073:
1026:
978:
940:
909:
854:
813:
797:
716:
706:
650:
632:
583:
573:
1831:
1804:
1702:
1660:
1272:
361:
146:
137:
352:
populations of East and
Southeast Asia. The Tianyuan man was determined to be part of an
793:
702:
628:
569:
259:. In 2007, researchers found 34 bone fragments belonging to a single individual at the
1651:
1355:
1341:
1280:
1094:
818:
777:
721:
686:
655:
612:
588:
553:
490:, following Australasian ancestry and preceding Mesolithic and Neolithic expansions of
1122:"Deep ancestry of Bornean hunter-gatherers supports long-term local ancestry dynamics"
1014:
395:, with the remainder being made up by Early West Eurasian ancestry represented by the
2214:
1819:
1672:
1362:
882:
519:
334:
322:
260:
179:
115:
1825:
1813:
1755:
1629:
1577:
1542:
1467:
1374:
1138:
1121:
1709:
1636:
1608:
1601:
1549:
966:
897:
411:
396:
100:
1188:
1171:
843:"Human evolutionary history in Eastern Eurasia using insights from ancient DNA"
50:
1694:
1615:
858:
801:
381:
272:
87:
1197:
1147:
1085:
1038:
992:
923:
866:
809:
646:
1761:
1666:
1030:
983:
914:
711:
637:
578:
456:
256:
69:
1205:
1155:
1103:
1046:
874:
827:
730:
664:
597:
1077:
1622:
1587:
1564:
1285:
524:
476:
126:
967:"A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia"
898:"A genetic history of migration, diversification, and admixture in Asia"
1772:
1348:
400:
373:
276:
264:
1061:
613:"Stable isotope dietary analysis of the Tianyuan 1 early modern human"
482:
Basal East Asian or "Deep Asian" ancestry represented by
Tianyuan or
441:(ASEA); ancestry related to Ancient Guangxi population (Longlin/AGX).
391:
A Tianyuan-like population contributed around 32-50% ancestry to the
384:
lineage, the
Tianyuan lineage, and a lineage ancestral to all modern
280:
242:
164:
155:
681:
Fu, Q.; Meyer, M.; Gao, X.; Stenzel, U.; Burbano, H.A.; Kelso, J.;
1847:
1738:
1728:
1241:
460:
360:), and sharing deep ancestry with other ancient specimens such as
330:
316:
268:
687:"DNA analysis of an early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, China"
1506:
1015:"Denisovan ancestry and population history of early East Asians"
472:
399:
specimen. A c. 34,000 year old specimen from
Northern Mongolia (
1245:
1221:"Y DNA Haplogroup P Gets a Brand-New Root – Plus Some Branches"
554:"An early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, Zhoukoukian, China"
329:
The first DNA analysis of the Tianyuan remains (focussing on
321:
Phylogenetic position of the Tianyuan lineage among other
406:
Tianyuan man also exhibits a unique genetic affinity for
2121:
2095:
2048:
1986:
1905:
1864:
1857:
1803:
1736:
1727:
1650:
1575:
1522:
1505:
1465:
1401:
1372:
1327:
1294:
1279:
23:
1751:(archaic homo sapiens, anatomically modern humans)
691:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
617:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
558:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1115:
1113:
1257:
847:Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
767:
765:
309:, it is estimated he died in his 40s or 50s.
8:
547:
545:
543:
1861:
1733:
1526:
1519:
1333:
1291:
1264:
1250:
1242:
20:
1187:
1137:
1093:
982:
913:
817:
720:
710:
654:
636:
587:
577:
372:, as well as the ancestors of modern day
251:) are the remains of one of the earliest
2156:Human evolutionary developmental biology
676:
674:
511:
205:Tianyuan man and contemporary cultures
2226:Upper Paleolithic Homo sapiens fossils
971:Human Population Genetics and Genomics
902:Human Population Genetics and Genomics
1941:Evolutionary models of human drug use
1007:
1005:
380:, and subsequently diverged into the
7:
2181:
1219:Estes, Roberta (12 September 2020).
776:; Kelso, Janet; Fu, Qiaomei (2017).
2236:Archaeological discoveries in China
520:"Ancient human unearthed in China"
279:on the South-east Asian island of
14:
841:Zhang, Ming; Fu, Qiaomei (2020).
2192:
2180:
2169:
2168:
1225:DNAeXplained - Genetic Genealogy
448:
426:
49:
33:
2221:2007 archaeological discoveries
494:associated with the spread of
247:
238:
230:
1:
206:
1139:10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113346
1066:Genome Biology and Evolution
849:. Genetics of Human Origin.
492:Ancient Southern East Asians
437:(ANEA); ancestry related to
414:in Namur province, Belgium.
2199:Evolutionary biology Portal
439:Ancient Southern East Asian
435:Ancient Northern East Asian
2252:
1189:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.040
488:Peopling of Southeast Asia
2164:
2144:Evolutionary anthropology
1529:
1336:
965:Yang, Melinda A. (2022).
896:Yang, Melinda A. (2022).
859:10.1016/j.gde.2020.06.009
802:10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.030
386:East and Southeast Asians
354:Initial Upper Paleolithic
28:
16:Hominin fossil from China
455:The initial peopling of
378:Southern Route dispersal
2050:Origin of modern humans
1031:10.1126/science.abc1166
984:10.47248/hpgg2202010001
915:10.47248/hpgg2202010001
712:10.1073/pnas.1221359110
638:10.1073/pnas.0904826106
579:10.1073/pnas.0702169104
393:Ancient North Eurasians
500:Austronesian languages
475:region and modern day
358:Ancient East Eurasians
326:
2231:Peopling of East Asia
2058:Recent African origin
1296:Last common ancestors
1182:(12): 3256–3266.e13.
749:reich.hms.harvard.edu
320:
296:Physical anthropology
2073:Behavioral modernity
2063:Multiregional origin
1843:archaic Homo sapiens
1838:Homo heidelbergensis
1783:Red Deer Cave people
788:(20): 3202–3208.e9.
552:Shang, Hong (2007).
210: 50,000~40,000
201:class=notpageimage|
1710:H. neanderthalensis
1630:H. e. tautavelensis
1078:10.1093/gbe/evac045
794:2017CBio...27E3202Y
703:2013PNAS..110.2223F
629:2009PNAS..10610971H
623:(27): 10971–10974.
570:2007PNAS..104.6573S
486:contributed to the
235:traditional Chinese
1897:Self-domestication
1688:H. heidelbergensis
1637:H. e. yuanmouensis
1602:H. e. lantianensis
1329:Australopithecines
327:
307:occlusal attrition
227:simplified Chinese
91:Mousterian culture
2208:
2207:
2149:Paleoanthropology
2091:
2090:
2068:Archaic admixture
1946:Stoned ape theory
1882:Endurance running
1799:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1646:
1645:
1609:H. e. nankinensis
1565:H. tsaichangensis
1501:
1500:
1025:(6516): 579–583.
339:mitochondrial DNA
220:
219:
2243:
2196:
2184:
2183:
2172:
2171:
2108:Human prehistory
2083:Recent evolution
2078:Early migrations
2020:Thermoregulation
1921:Expensive tissue
1892:Sexual selection
1862:
1734:
1616:H. e. pekinensis
1527:
1520:
1435:A. bahrelghazali
1404:Australopithecus
1334:
1304:Chimpanzee–human
1292:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1243:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1191:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1141:
1117:
1108:
1107:
1097:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1009:
1000:
999:
986:
962:
956:
955:
953:
951:
945:academic.oup.com
937:
931:
930:
917:
893:
887:
886:
838:
832:
831:
821:
769:
760:
759:
757:
755:
741:
735:
734:
724:
714:
697:(6): 2223–2227.
678:
669:
668:
658:
640:
608:
602:
601:
591:
581:
549:
538:
537:
535:
533:
516:
452:
430:
249:
248:Tiányuándòng Rén
240:
232:
211:
208:
195:
193:
184:
182:
175:
173:
160:
158:
151:
149:
142:
140:
133:
131:
122:
120:
111:
109:
96:
94:
83:
81:
74:
72:
65:
63:
54:
53:
45:
43:
42:50,000~40,000 BP
37:
21:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2211:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2160:
2117:
2103:Human evolution
2087:
2044:
1988:
1982:
1961:Cooperative eye
1906:Specific models
1901:
1853:
1832:Homo antecessor
1787:
1723:
1717:H. rhodesiensis
1681:H. floresiensis
1642:
1623:H. e. soloensis
1595:H. e. georgicus
1571:
1535:H. gautengensis
1510:
1508:
1497:
1461:
1397:
1368:
1323:
1314:Orangutan–human
1283:
1275:
1273:Human evolution
1270:
1240:
1239:
1229:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1119:
1118:
1111:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1011:
1010:
1003:
964:
963:
959:
949:
947:
939:
938:
934:
895:
894:
890:
840:
839:
835:
782:Current Biology
771:
770:
763:
753:
751:
743:
742:
738:
680:
679:
672:
610:
609:
605:
551:
550:
541:
531:
529:
518:
517:
513:
508:
484:Andamanese Onge
469:
468:
467:
466:
465:
453:
444:
443:
442:
431:
366:Peștera cu Oase
344:, and paternal
315:
313:Archaeogenetics
303:
298:
289:
216:
215:
214:
213:
212:
209:
203:
197:
196:
191:
189:
187:
185:
180:
178:
176:
169:
165:
163:
161:
156:
154:
152:
147:
145:
143:
138:
136:
134:
129:
127:
125:
123:
118:
116:
114:
112:
105:
101:
99:
97:
88:
86:
84:
79:
77:
75:
70:
68:
66:
61:
59:
57:
55:
48:
46:
41:
39:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2249:
2247:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2213:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2190:
2178:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2113:Human timeline
2110:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1936:Drunken monkey
1930:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1868:
1866:
1865:General models
1859:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1809:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1758:
1753:
1744:
1742:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1691:
1684:
1677:
1669:
1664:
1656:
1654:
1652:Archaic humans
1648:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1583:
1581:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1561:
1557:H. rudolfensis
1553:
1546:
1539:
1530:
1524:
1517:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1478:P. aethiopicus
1473:
1471:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1409:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1388:
1380:
1378:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1359:
1356:Sahelanthropus
1352:
1345:
1342:Nakalipithecus
1337:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1300:
1298:
1289:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1211:
1161:
1132:(11): 113346.
1109:
1052:
1001:
957:
932:
888:
833:
761:
736:
670:
603:
564:(16): 6573–8.
539:
528:. 2 April 2007
510:
509:
507:
504:
454:
447:
446:
445:
432:
425:
424:
423:
422:
421:
370:Ust'-Ishim man
346:haplogroup K2b
323:East Eurasians
314:
311:
302:
299:
297:
294:
288:
285:
218:
217:
204:
199:
198:
186:
177:
162:
153:
144:
135:
124:
113:
98:
85:
76:
67:
56:
47:
38:
32:
31:
30:
29:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2248:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1985:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1967:Life history
1966:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1833:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1820:Homo ergaster
1816:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1806:
1802:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1749:H. s. sapiens
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1729:Modern humans
1726:
1719:
1718:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1704:
1703:H. luzonensis
1700:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1661:H. antecessor
1658:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1588:H. e. erectus
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1504:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1442:A. deyiremeda
1439:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1363:Kenyanthropus
1360:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1309:Gorilla–human
1307:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1267:
1262:
1260:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
985:
980:
976:
972:
968:
961:
958:
946:
942:
936:
933:
929:
925:
921:
916:
911:
907:
903:
899:
892:
889:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
837:
834:
829:
825:
820:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
774:Pääbo, Svante
768:
766:
762:
750:
746:
740:
737:
732:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
677:
675:
671:
666:
662:
657:
652:
648:
644:
639:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
607:
604:
599:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
548:
546:
544:
540:
527:
526:
521:
515:
512:
505:
503:
501:
497:
496:Austroasiatic
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
474:
462:
458:
451:
440:
436:
429:
420:
417:
413:
409:
404:
402:
398:
394:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
349:
347:
343:
340:
336:
335:chromosome 21
332:
324:
319:
312:
310:
308:
300:
295:
293:
286:
284:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
261:Tianyuan Cave
258:
254:
253:modern humans
250:
244:
236:
228:
224:
202:
194:
183:
174:
172:
171:
159:
150:
141:
132:
121:
110:
108:
107:
95:
93:
92:
82:
73:
64:
52:
44:
36:
27:
22:
19:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2040:Gender roles
2035:Intelligence
1848:Homo sapiens
1846:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1826:Homo erectus
1824:
1818:
1814:Homo habilis
1812:
1773:Manot people
1762:H. s. idaltu
1760:
1756:Jebel Irhoud
1748:
1739:Homo sapiens
1737:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1671:
1659:
1635:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1578:Homo erectus
1576:
1563:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1533:
1523:Proto-humans
1512:
1509:proto-humans
1490:
1483:
1476:
1468:Paranthropus
1466:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1433:
1428:A. anamensis
1426:
1421:A. africanus
1419:
1414:A. afarensis
1412:
1402:
1390:
1383:
1375:Ardipithecus
1373:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1319:Gibbon–human
1228:. Retrieved
1224:
1214:
1179:
1175:
1164:
1129:
1126:Cell Reports
1125:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1022:
1018:
996:
974:
970:
960:
948:. Retrieved
944:
935:
927:
905:
901:
891:
850:
846:
836:
785:
781:
752:. Retrieved
748:
739:
694:
690:
620:
616:
606:
561:
557:
530:. Retrieved
523:
514:
481:
470:
415:
407:
405:
390:
350:
342:haplogroup B
328:
304:
290:
246:
223:Tianyuan man
222:
221:
167:
166:
103:
102:
90:
89:
58:
24:Tianyuan man
18:
1971:Grandmother
1926:Shore-based
1887:Aquatic ape
1778:Tam Pa Ling
1673:H. ergaster
1492:P. robustus
977:(1): 1–32.
950:10 November
908:(1): 1–32.
532:26 February
416:GoyetQ116-1
412:Goyet Caves
408:GoyetQ116-1
397:Kostenki-14
287:Subsistence
255:to inhabit
106:Aurignacian
2215:Categories
2010:Skin color
1995:Bipedalism
1956:Killer ape
1768:Cro-Magnon
1667:Denisovans
1543:H. habilis
1507:Humans and
1392:A. ramidus
1385:A. kadabba
1230:21 January
754:21 January
506:References
382:Hoabinhian
362:Bacho Kiro
301:Morphology
273:Niah Caves
148:Bacho Kiro
139:Okladnikov
2129:Theorists
2096:Timelines
1976:Patriarch
1952:Behavior
1877:Gathering
1805:Ancestors
1550:H. naledi
1485:P. boisei
1456:A. sediba
1198:0092-8674
1148:2211-1247
1086:1759-6653
1039:0036-8075
993:2770-5005
924:2770-5005
883:220671047
867:0959-437X
853:: 78–84.
810:0960-9822
683:Pääbo, S.
647:0027-8424
457:Sundaland
410:from the
257:East Asia
190:Bhimbetka
2175:Category
2030:Language
2000:Skeleton
1695:H. longi
1449:A. garhi
1286:Hominins
1281:Taxonomy
1206:34048699
1156:37917587
1104:35445261
1047:33122380
875:32688244
828:29033327
731:23341637
685:(2013).
665:19581579
598:17416672
525:BBC News
477:Mongolia
459:and the
181:Shanidar
80:Ust' man
71:Niah man
60:Tianyuan
2187:Commons
2139:Fossils
2005:Muscles
1916:Cooking
1872:Hunting
1349:Orrorin
1095:9021735
1019:Science
819:6592271
790:Bibcode
722:3568306
699:Bibcode
656:2706269
625:Bibcode
589:1871827
566:Bibcode
401:Salkhit
374:Papuans
277:Sarawak
265:Beijing
170:culture
2122:Others
2025:Speech
1987:Topics
1932:Drugs
1858:Models
1204:
1196:
1154:
1146:
1102:
1092:
1084:
1045:
1037:
991:
922:
881:
873:
865:
826:
816:
808:
729:
719:
663:
653:
645:
596:
586:
464:China.
368:, the
281:Borneo
245::
243:pinyin
237::
229::
168:Emiran
104:Proto-
2134:Books
1912:Diet
1072:(4).
879:S2CID
461:Sahul
331:mtDNA
269:China
263:near
192:caves
128:Kara-
117:Deni-
2015:Hair
1835:) →
1513:Homo
1232:2024
1202:PMID
1194:ISSN
1176:Cell
1152:PMID
1144:ISSN
1100:PMID
1082:ISSN
1043:PMID
1035:ISSN
989:ISSN
952:2023
920:ISSN
871:PMID
863:ISSN
824:PMID
806:ISSN
756:2024
727:PMID
661:PMID
643:ISSN
594:PMID
534:2011
498:and
473:Amur
333:and
239:ç”°ĺś’ć´žäşş
231:ç”°ĺ›ć´žäşş
157:Oase
119:sova
1829:(→
1720:(?)
1698:(?)
1676:(?)
1568:(?)
1560:(?)
1538:(?)
1184:doi
1180:184
1134:doi
1090:PMC
1074:doi
1027:doi
1023:370
979:doi
910:doi
855:doi
814:PMC
798:doi
717:PMC
707:doi
695:110
651:PMC
633:doi
621:106
584:PMC
574:doi
562:104
275:in
130:Bom
62:man
2217::
1845:→
1841:→
1823:/
1817:→
1223:.
1200:.
1192:.
1178:.
1174:.
1150:.
1142:.
1130:42
1128:.
1124:.
1112:^
1098:.
1088:.
1080:.
1070:14
1068:.
1064:.
1041:.
1033:.
1021:.
1017:.
1004:^
995:.
987:.
973:.
969:.
943:.
926:.
918:.
904:.
900:.
877:.
869:.
861:.
851:62
845:.
822:.
812:.
804:.
796:.
786:27
784:.
780:.
764:^
747:.
725:.
715:.
705:.
693:.
689:.
673:^
659:.
649:.
641:.
631:.
619:.
615:.
592:.
582:.
572:.
560:.
556:.
542:^
522:.
502:.
388:.
364:,
348:.
283:.
267:,
241:;
233:;
207:c.
1515:)
1511:(
1288:)
1284:(
1265:e
1258:t
1251:v
1234:.
1208:.
1186::
1158:.
1136::
1106:.
1076::
1049:.
1029::
981::
975:2
954:.
912::
906:2
885:.
857::
830:.
800::
792::
758:.
733:.
709::
701::
667:.
635::
627::
600:.
576::
568::
536:.
325:.
225:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
