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Treatment of a partial tear or stretch injury is usually conservative. Most injuries that are partial and isolated can be treated without surgery. This includes measures to control inflammation as well as bracing. Kannus has shown good clinical results with conservative care of grade II sprains, but
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are the most common victims of this type of injury due to the grip trend on their cleats, although sometimes it can be caused by a helmet striking the knee. The number of football players who get this injury has increased in recent years. Companies are currently trying to develop better cleats that
622:
Kovachevich, Rudy; Shah, Jay P.; Arens, Annie M.; Stuart, Michael J.; Dahm, Diane L.; Levy, Bruce A. (2009-05-07). "Operative management of the medial collateral ligament in the multi-ligament injured knee: an evidence-based systematic review".
91:
Right knee anatomy. The medial collateral ligament is wide and flat, found on the medial side of the joint. Proximally, it attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur, distally it attaches to the medial condyle of the
428:
to a slightly bent knee, often when landing, bending or on high impact. It may be difficult to apply pressure on the injured leg for at least a few days. It can be caused by a direct blow to lateral side of knee.
464:
There are three distinct levels in a MCL injury. Grade 1 is a minor sprain, grade 2 in a major sprain or a minor tear, and grade 3 is a major tear. Based on the grade of the injury treatment options will vary.
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Depending on the grade of the injury, the lowest grade (grade 1) can take between 2 and 10 weeks for the injury to fully heal. Recovery times for grades 2 and 3 can take several weeks to several months.
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The fibers of the posterior part of the ligament are short and incline backward as they descend; they are inserted into the tibia above the groove for the
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536:
LaPrade, R. F.; Engebretsen, A. H.; Ly, T. V.; Johansen, S.; Wentorf, F. A.; Engebretsen, L. (2007). "The anatomy of the medial part of the knee".
401:
muscle. In lower animals, adductor magnus inserts into the tibia. Because of this, the ligament occasionally contains muscle fibres. This is an
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It is a broad, flat, membranous band, situated slightly posterior on the medial side of the knee joint. It is attached proximally to the medial
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poor results in grade III sprains. As a result, more severe grade III and IV injuries to the MCL that lead to ongoing instability may require
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488:. However, the medical literature considers surgery for most MCL injuries to be controversial. Isolated MCL sprains are common.
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The anterior part of the ligament is a flattened band, about 10 centimeters long, which inclines forward as it descends.
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Kannus, P (1988). "Long-term results of conservatively treated medial collateral ligament injuries of the knee joint".
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It is inserted into the medial surface of the body of the tibia about 2.5 centimeters below the level of the condyle.
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342:. It provides up to 78% of the restraining force that resists valgus (inward pressing) loads on the knee.
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Embryologically and phylogenically, the ligament represents the distal portion of the tendon of
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muscle, with which it is connected by a few fibers; it is intimately adherent to the
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It resists forces that would push the knee medially, which would otherwise produce
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joint and occurs in humans and other primates. Its primary function is to resist
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vessels and nerve and the anterior portion of the tendon of the
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Gray's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice
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and many professional swimmers suffer from chronic MCL pains.
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29:
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The
Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
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will prevent the injury. MCL is also crucially affected in
751:"Isolated Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries in the Knee"
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An MCL injury can be very painful and is caused by a
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Crossing on top of the lower part of the MCL is the
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436:is the medial collateral ligament, although the
374:muscles; a bursa is interposed between the two.
625:Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
808:
8:
590:(Forty-first ed.). : Elsevier Limited.
27:Ligament on the inner side of the knee joint
701:"Medial Collateral Ligament Injury Grading"
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440:has diminished the incidence somewhat. MCL
291:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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716:Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
432:The most common knee structure damaged in
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311:Learn how and when to remove this message
60:of all important aspects of the article.
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495:
215:superficial medial collateral ligament
192:
76:
56:Please consider expanding the lead to
249:(inward bending) forces on the knee.
7:
677:. www.ski-injury.com. Archived from
444:and tears are also fairly common in
327:of the femur, immediately below the
289:adding citations to reliable sources
1060:posterior of the head of the fibula
1122:medial of talocrural joint/deltoid
1055:anterior of the head of the fibula
377:The MCL's deep surface covers the
25:
1152:lateral collateral of ankle joint
925:Posterior meniscofemoral ligament
335:and medial surface of its body.
1237:plantar calcaneonavicular/spring
920:Anterior meniscofemoral ligament
767:10.5435/00124635-199501000-00002
728:10.1097/00003086-198801000-00015
498:
261:
34:
48:may be too short to adequately
1242:bifurcated (calcaneonavicular)
134:ligamentum collaterale tibiale
107:Medial epicondyle of the femur
58:provide an accessible overview
1:
584:Susan Standring, ed. (2016).
1368:interosseous cuneometatarsal
1088:Interosseous membrane of leg
362:, the joined tendons of the
1363:interosseous intercuneiform
1275:bifurcated (calcaneocuboid)
333:medial condyle of the tibia
1554:
1412:Intermetatarsal/metatarsal
749:Indelicato, P. A. (1995).
514:
472:
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223:tibial collateral ligament
207:medial collateral ligament
80:Medial collateral ligament
18:Tibial collateral ligament
637:10.1007/s00167-009-0810-4
379:inferior medial genicular
187:
84:
1389:Tarsometatarsal/Lisfranc
229:), is one of the major
117:Medial condyle of tibia
1435:superficial transverse
1270:plantar calcaneocuboid
1179:Subtalar/talocalcaneal
1083:Posterior tibiofibular
517:anatomical terminology
189:Anatomical terminology
1260:dorsal calcaneocuboid
1224:Talocalcaneonavicular
1162:posterior talofibular
1078:Anterior tibiofibular
1070:Inferior tibiofibular
1047:Superior tibiofibular
1026:Infrapatellar fat pad
873:transverse acetabular
505:Anterior view of knee
409:Clinical significance
1232:dorsal talonavicular
1157:anterior talofibular
1132:posterior tibiotalar
1111:Talocrural and ankle
552:10.2106/JBJS.F.01176
539:J Bone Joint Surg Am
486:arthroscopic surgery
475:Medial knee injuries
420:Medial knee injuries
285:improve this section
241:(inner) side of the
1450:Metatarsophalangeal
1127:anterior tibiotalar
681:on October 16, 2013
213:), also called the
703:. Radiopaedia.org.
515:This article uses
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1322:Cuboideonavicular
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1215:Transverse tarsal
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878:acetabular labrum
597:978-0-7020-5230-9
492:Additional images
446:American football
329:adductor tubercle
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16:(Redirected from
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546:(9): 2000–2010.
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340:valgus deformity
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195:edit on Wikidata
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1167:calcaneofibular
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1021:Patellar tendon
1007:
956:fibular/lateral
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722:(226): 103–12.
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675:"KNEE INJURIES"
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399:adductor magnus
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387:medial meniscus
383:semimembranosus
347:semimembranosus
331:; below to the
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237:. It is on the
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43:This article's
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1538:Knee ligaments
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1345:Intercuneiform
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1299:Cuneonavicular
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1252:Calcaneocuboid
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631:(7): 823–829.
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473:Main article:
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52:the key points
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868:head of femur
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270:This section
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1508:Longitudinal
1430:interosseous
1265:long plantar
1205:interosseous
1148:
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1039:Tibiofibular
962:
950:
929:
907:Tibiofemoral
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683:. Retrieved
679:the original
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463:
459:breaststroke
431:
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283:Please help
271:
226:
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158:A03.6.08.012
133:
63:
47:
45:lead section
1290:intertarsal
947:collateral
857:pubofemoral
852:iliofemoral
761:(1): 9–14.
685:October 13,
405:variation.
393:Development
123:Identifiers
1513:Transverse
1486:collateral
1463:collateral
998:transverse
932:popliteal
523:References
438:carve turn
325:epicondyle
1191:posterior
974:posterior
965:cruciate
832:human leg
828:ligaments
645:0942-2056
606:920806541
469:Treatment
403:atavistic
364:sartorius
272:does not
253:Structure
231:ligaments
66:June 2010
50:summarize
1532:Category
1187:anterior
1149:lateral:
969:anterior
775:10790648
661:22198296
653:19421735
568:46253119
560:17768198
511:See also
452:and the
368:gracilis
349:muscle.
301:May 2015
1481:plantar
1458:plantar
1420:plantar
1397:plantar
1353:plantar
1330:plantar
1307:plantar
1288:Distal
1196:lateral
1119:medial:
991:lateral
981:menisci
941:arcuate
936:oblique
915:Capsule
883:capsule
848:femoral
830:of the
783:2266550
736:3335084
442:strains
293:removed
278:sources
233:of the
146:D017888
98:Details
1500:Arches
1425:dorsal
1402:dorsal
1358:dorsal
1335:dorsal
1312:dorsal
1200:medial
986:medial
824:Joints
781:
773:
734:
659:
651:
643:
604:
594:
566:
558:
454:guards
450:center
448:. The
434:skiing
414:Injury
370:, and
247:valgus
239:medial
92:tibia.
1381:Other
779:S2CID
657:S2CID
564:S2CID
221:) or
193:[
182:44600
129:Latin
1102:Foot
898:Knee
826:and
771:PMID
732:PMID
687:2013
649:PMID
641:ISSN
602:OCLC
592:ISBN
556:PMID
276:any
274:cite
243:knee
235:knee
219:sMCL
205:The
170:1896
153:TA98
141:MeSH
103:From
840:Hip
763:doi
724:doi
720:226
633:doi
548:doi
287:by
227:TCL
211:MCL
177:FMA
165:TA2
1534::
777:.
769:.
757:.
753:.
730:.
718:.
655:.
647:.
639:.
629:17
627:.
614:^
600:.
576:^
562:.
554:.
544:89
542:.
389:.
366:,
113:To
1198:/
1189:/
864:)
850:(
816:e
809:t
802:v
785:.
765::
759:3
738:.
726::
689:.
663:.
635::
608:.
570:.
550::
519:.
314:)
308:(
303:)
299:(
295:.
281:.
225:(
217:(
209:(
197:]
68:)
64:(
54:.
20:)
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