History of San Bernardino, California

1657:...As it got closer and closer to select a site for the college, the city wasn't even going to... try, and the Chamber of Commerce, I went to the Chamber of Commerce and asked them to, you know, for a committee and let's get a college in San Bernardino... They still said we don't have the water, you know, and this was after the city had voted down MWD... I said, 'You have plenty of water.' No, so anyway, my job, I formed my own committee to bring the state college. My primary job was to convince the state that we had the water and get the water problem off the agenda so that it wouldn't shoot us down like everyone thought it would. ...We... got the three or four large land owners controlled all the land out there... to agree on a very reasonable price for their land and I got options from them that they would sell, you know, if the state selected San Bernardino. Got the city to lay out the road system and to engineer the sewer system and engineer the water system and then so all this was- and then they did all the testing that you'd normally for a developing of university- like soil tests. We had all those things done and we had a private engineering firm do a lot of work that would be normally done by the state. The board of trustees was meeting, I think was up in San Jose to, and that would be one of the items on the agenda was to select a site. So, I went up to the meeting. ...And I said, 'One thing, we have plenty of water. We can give you all the water you need.' I... showed them how the water thing was okay... And so the rest of it was slam dunk... The president of the state- the state college boards was an architect by the name of, I think, Charles Leckmen... He says, ...there's no competition. San Bernardino is so far a head of all the other sites that, that we don't have to worry about how much it's going to cost, we don't have to worry about where the roads are going to go, and so they voted that day to put it here- San Bernardino. 1134:

demonstrated by a vanguard shipload of Mormons organized by Samuel Brannan who had already arrived in San Francisco from New York and were waiting for the main party there. The Mormon Battalion was also there, at the expense of the US Government to which Young had offered the manpower as a way of getting them to California. Brannan met Young in Utah and tried to convince him to keep going. Young ignored his advice and stopped at Salt Lake before himself returning east for the winter. Brannan returned to San Francisco. Young was later interested in California as a source of resupply and of tithing income from Mormon gold diggers. He was not happy with the large response in Utah to the Lyman and Rich call for San Bernardino. He was wary of Lyman and Rich's independence and feared a mass migration from Utah to California. At one point sentries were placed around settlements and along the trails to prevent Mormons from leaving Utah at the risk of being shot. Young, who had authorized the venture, undermined the San Bernardino operation almost from the beginning and guaranteed its failure and the financial loss of the investors by calling them back just before the mortgage was paid off, depressing the value of the real estate as they all rushed to sell. Many who had already made great sacrifices for the Church were wiped out again by Young's far from benign actions. Many were forced to sell their property at a fraction of their original cost.

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Casualties include the California Hotel (built in the 1920s, demolished for a parking lot in the 1980s); the Stewart Hotel (burnt in the 1890s, rebuilt, burnt on Thanksgiving Day 1935); the Platt Building (torn down in the 1990s for the new State Building (aka the "Super Block"); Third Street (the commercial center of town, torn down in the 1960s for the Central City (later Carousel) Mall, the Carnegie Library; Remaining historical buildings include The Andreson Building (built in 1927), now The Enterprise Building, Pioneer Cemetery at Seventh and Sierra Way, the Harris' Company building (built in 1927); the central courthouse (built in 1926, and currently being seismically retrofitted); the Pioneer building (modeled after the City Hall of Seville Spain), Superior Court Judge George E. Otis' house (a Queen Anne Victorian house moved to the "carriage corner" of 8th and "D" Street); the Arrowhead Springs Hotel (the fourth structure, built in 1939) and former vaudeville/movie palace California Theater on Third Street. The San Bernardino County Museum has historical exhibits, including a model of Fort San Bernardino. The house where the McDonald brothers lived while creating their first burger restaurant still sits on the hilltop on Beverly Drive.

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from First Street to Ninth Street. The north–south streets were named Kirtland Street (later "A" street, then Sierra Way); Camel Street (later "B" Street, then Mountain View Avenue; Crafton Street (later "C" Street, then Arrowhead Avenue); Utah Street (later "D" Street); Salt Lake Street (later "E" Street); California Street (later "F" Street); Independence Street (later "G" Street"); Nauvoo Street (later "H" Street); and Far West Street (later "I" Street). The Mormons also built a road in 1853 to Los Angeles. The Mormons were responsible for the school system, creating Warm Springs, a school still in use today, as well as a school at the present site of Pioneer Park.

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they treat us better than here." San Bernardino City Attorney James F. Penman writes Valente Duran a letter in English and in Spanish that says in part "The people of this City have no desire to deprive you or your family of what you may believe would be better treatment by the government of Mexico. Therefore, in substitution for the housing, food, and other assistance the City of San Bernardino is voluntarily providing, we want to give you the option of continuing to receive this assistance or accepting our offer to arrange and pay for transportation for you and your family, one way, to Mexico." The letter causes a political firestorm.

1481: 1248: 1712:, it had no scheduled airline service and handled mostly air freight. Coupled with the recession of the early 1990s, the closing of Kaiser Steel in 1985, and Santa Fe Railroad's relocation of jobs to Topeka caused San Bernardino's economy to slide. Civic pride was further wounded when gangs pushed by LAPD suppression in Los Angeles relocated to San Bernardino. The early 1990s saw San Bernardino's crime rate increase as middle class, especially those employed at the large employers or in support of their workers, moved away. 3459: 1188: 3408: 1447: 1305: 929: 484:(Spanish for "people of the mountains") who spent their winters in the valley, and their summers in the cooler mountains. They were known as the "Yuhaviatam" or People of the Pines. They have lived in the valley since approximately 1000 B.C. They lived in small brush covered structures. At the time the Spanish first visited the valley, approximately 1500 Serranos inhabited the area. They lived in villages of ten to thirty structures that the Spanish named 1008: 1026:

1850s, but Congregation Emanuel, still active today, was not officially chartered until 1891, and its first structure was built in 1921. The Home of Eternity Cemetery was given by the Mormons to the Jews. It is the oldest Jewish cemetery in continuous use in Southern California. Marcus Katz was a merchant and civic leader and the name-sake of the four story Katz Building (built in the 1890s) at Third and "E" Streets. He died in 1899.

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Chinese for depressing wage rates. The Chinese were forced to move in 1878 to a Chinatown on Third Street between what is now Arrowhead Avenue and Sierra Way. By the late 1890s, San Bernardino's Chinatown had between 400–600 residents. Many of its residents worked in produce, with farms in what would become the Base Line Gardens tract east of Waterman Avenue. By the mid-1920s, Chinatown was largely abandoned. It became the site for

724:, to settle on the rancho at Politania and defend it against Indian raiders and outlaws preying on the herds of the Ranchos in Southern California. These emigrants first colonized Politana on the Rancho San Bernardino in 1842. Don Lorenzo Trujillo brought the first colony of settlers from New Mexico to settle on land provided by the Lugos about one half mile south of the Indian village of La Politana. These colonists included 428: 1256:

incorporated the Arrowhead Hot Springs Company, and rebuilt a new hotel in 1886 for $ 150,000. After it was expanded to 120 rooms it was the largest hotel in the San Bernardino area until it, too, burnt down on July 4, 1895. The third hotel was built by Seth Marshall in 1905. In 1930, it was purchased by a consortium of Hollywood types. In the days before air travel, it was marketed to Hollywood stars like

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Court Judge A. Rex Victor disqualified the measure from the ballot after the City filed a declaratory relief action based on a challenge by local attorney Florentino ("Tino") Garza. The court ruled that Turner had not gathered enough signatures to qualify the measure. Turner, acting on the advice of City Clerk Rachel Clark-Mendoza, had based the number on the 2001 mayoral election (in which

1052: 35: 1354: 996:, the bishop of the Los Angeles and Monterrey Diocese, granted the northern part of the block to the City. It was later called "City Park," then "Lugo Park" until 1915, when it was renamed Pioneer Park, which it is still called today. A Pavilion, a log cabin, and the Municipal Auditorium (erected in 1921 to honor the dead of 1469:

not suitable for agriculture and the San Manuels lived in poverty until the opening of Indian Bingo in 1986, and the later casino and water bottling plant in the 1990s and 2000s. The reservation has expanded by federalization of land purchased by or on behalf of the tribe to just over 800 acres (3.2 km) today.

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ran unopposed), instead of the 2005 mayoral election (which was contested). After the defeat, Turner vowed to bring a new, harsher measure to the ballot, and he mounted an ultimately unsuccessful campaign to replace Clark-Mendoza, herself, as City Clerk by arguing that her alleged incompetence and/or

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Judge Patrick J. Morris defeated City Attorney James F. Penman in a run-off for Mayor in early 2006. Judge Morris instituted a program called "Operation Phoenix" covering a twenty-block area of central city. The program was intended to prevent crime in a high-crime area using suppression and social

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In August 1867, the first Chinese immigrants arrived in San Bernardino. By 1870, there were 16 young males, including Ah Wing and Jim Kang. They were laundry men, cooks, and houseboys, according to the Census. During a statewide depression in 1875, San Bernardino's Caucasian residents criticized the

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In 1853, the Mormons laid out the current street grid system, one mile (1.6 km) square, which is based upon the grid layout of Salt Lake City. Each block was 8 acres (32,000 m). The plan was laid out by Henry G. Sherwood, and assisted by Fred T. Perris. The east–west streets were numbered,

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The Mormons built Fort San Bernardino at the site of the present county courthouse. Inside the fort, they had small stores, and outside, they grew wheat and other crops. They later moved outside the walls of the fort when feared attacks did not materialize. The Mormon Council House was built in 1852.

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In the 1891, pursuant to the congressional Act for Relief for Mission Indians, the San Manuel Indian Reservation was established. The reservation was and is located in the San Bernardino foothills, originally on 657 acres (2.7 km) of steep foothills to the top of McKinley Mountain. The land was

1236:. The Catholic Church there was rebuilt in downtown San Bernardino in 1865. That wooden church burnt down in 1878 and another was built. The present church, at the corner of Fifth Street and "F" was built in 1910. The flood caused severe damage along the Santa Ana River's tributaries, particularly 1133:

Another possible explanation for the recall was Young's fear of a rival settlement to Salt Lake in a better location with a better climate with greater agricultural possibilities. Many Mormon migrants were expecting to go to California from the beginning. Young was probably headed there all along as

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1985 – Norman F. Feldheym Library is dedicated. It is named after Rabbi Norman F. Feldheym, a prominent local leader who sat on the Library Board of Trustees for many years, among other civic accomplishments. Evlyn Wilcox is elected the first female mayor. The County Government Center (nicknamed

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business rights to their restaurants for $ 2.7 million; they retain the original McDonald's as "The Big M." Kroc opens a McDonald's across the street. Today, both restaurants have been demolished, though a McDonald's museum exists at the original site (within the Civic Light Opera building built in

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in Riverside County, and was subsequently successfully sued by Orange County over the amount of water it was using. After convincing the city that it had enough groundwater to resist political pressure to rejoin the MWD, Holcomb was appointed chairman of the waterboard in 1949, and Secombe Lake was

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San Bernardino developed a thriving red light district on "D" Street in downtown, until it was closed in 1941 at the behest of the War Department. It is said that the building north of the corner of "D" Street and Court Street, built of brick in the 1880s and known as the "Wixom Block" was the site

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in 1962. It was used as world headquarters until 1991. It was operated as a Christian Conference Center in 1999. The City of San Bernardino is trying to annex the property into the City as part of a private development and redevelopment of Arrowhead Springs. In 1894, Arrowhead Brand Mountain Spring

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and illegal/unsafe electrical hook-ups. The park is largely inhabited by monolingual Spanish speakers. The city, using money set aside for redevelopment, relocates the park's inhabitants to local motels. One resident, Valente Duran, complains about the treatment by the City. He says "In Mexico,

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In 1864, "Dr." David Noble Smith established a "treatment house" at the Arrowhead hot springs. By 1868, it had been enlarged to create a hotel. In 1885, he leased the property to Darby and Lyman of Los Angeles. Three days after Smith's death on March 17, 1885, the hotel burnt down. Darby and Lyman

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Vestiges of historical San Bernardino still exist today, though much has been demolished either through natural progress of smaller buildings giving way to larger buildings, through urban redevelopment and renewal, through natural disasters, through code enforcement demolitions, or through arson.

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Post-war prosperity, coupled with continued railroad jobs, civilian and military jobs at Norton, and at Kaiser Steel in Fontana, resulted in vast housing tracts being built in the City's North central and Del Rosa areas. At the same time, the Redevelopment Agency of the City of San Bernardino was

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A small Jewish community formed in Mormon San Bernardino, including Lewis Jacobs and Marcus Katz in 1852. Lewis Jacobs was a miner and a peddler. He co-owned a mountain sawmill, started the original Bank of San Bernardino, and helped establish the Home of Eternity Cemetery. Services began in the

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On November 7, 1852, Colonel Henry Washington, deputy surveyor (by contract with the United States Surveyor General for California) surveyed the San Bernardino Base Line and Meridian from a point just west of Mount San Bernardino, at an elevation of 10,300 feet (3,100 m), east of present-day

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regarding that illegal immigration was sent to the electorate. According to the impartial analysis prepared by the City Attorney's Office, much of the initiative, even if passed, would have probably been ruled unconstitutional or would have been preempted by federal or state law. Later, Superior

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A political war regarding the construction of a new county courthouse in the early 1890s on Court Street, as well as various attempts to move the county seat, caused the County and City of Riverside to split off from San Bernardino County. The courthouse was built on the corner of Court and "E"

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The City thrived as a center of commerce for local agricultural areas, including the vast orange groves of the area. In 1882, even before Los Angeles, the Opera House opened at the end of Court Street on "D" Street. It was a two-story, red brick building. It featured both light and grand opera,

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1980 – Starting on November 24, and raging for six days, the Panorama Fire scorches 24,000 acres (97 km), left four dead, destroyed 284 homes, and damaged 49 others. Many city firefighters lost their homes to this devastating firestorm. Low interest FEMA loans (at a time with record high

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After rejoining his family in Utah, Hunt got the contract for mail delivery between Salt Lake and Los Angeles. He also organized several cattle drives, buying stock from ranchos owners to deliver to hungry Mormons in Utah. It was during this time that Hunt started preliminary negotiations with

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There were 26 slaves in the first company, and more slaves were brought over as San Bernardino continued to grow. Since California was a free state, the slaves should have been freed when they entered. However, slavery was openly tolerated. Many of the slaves could not read or write and were

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Though some of the Mormons remained, mainline Latter-day Saint structures were not reestablished until the 1920s. The remaining residents lacked organization and resources to compensate for the mass departure of the predominant Mormon population, which devastated the local economy. The city

787:. These were American brigands that had raided the Ranchos in the valley and were hunted down on orders of the local justice of the peace. Due to the ill feeling among the American population resulting from this incident, shortly afterward the Cahuilla moved east to a new rancheria at 708:

On June 21, 1842, Rancho San Bernardino was granted to Antonio Maria Lugo, his sons and his nephews, who grazed approximately 4000–6000 cattle in the area. The grant included a large part of the San Bernardino valley, 37,700 acres (153 km) in all. Lugo's adobe would later become

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Most of those who take slaves there pass over with them in a little while to San Bernardino... How many slaves are now held there they could not say, but the number relatively was by no means small. A single person had taken between forty and fifty, and many had gone in with smaller

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1951 – San Bernardino's first ice hockey team, the Shamrocks, is founded by Fontana resident Bill Gray, Sr. Composed mostly of young Northern airmen stationed at Norton AFB and workers at Kaiser Steel, the team plays its home games on the ice rink at the National Orange Show's Swing

1130:, this hostility influenced about 2,000 of the 3,000 Mormons in the county to flee California for Utah They often sold their land for only the price of a wagon, team and supplies to make the trip, far below the worth of their well run farms, mills and other businesses. 1715:

The late 1990s to the early 2000s saw a slight upturn in fortune for San Bernardino. The City built a minor league ballpark south of downtown. Arrowhead Credit Union became a regional credit union banking leader and intended to build its new headquarters in the City.

891:, California. A group of almost 500 Mormons left Utah for California in 1851. They found abundant water in the valley, along with willows, sycamores, cottonwood and mustard, as well as the Yucca plant. The Mormon contingent was led by Captain David Seely (later first 1603:

in the 1960s caused the once-center of town, Third Street, to be gutted and replaced with the Central City Mall. Harris Company, which had opened in 1905, and opened a grand building in 1927, was one anchor; J.C. Penney's and Montgomery Wards were the two others.

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The Mormons were recalled by President Brigham Young back to Salt Lake City in 1857. The reason for the failure of the community cannot be found in just one underlying cause: there was the anti-Mormon persecution (mostly apostasized members), the short-lived

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to the site, was dug by local Indians for the Franciscans. The site was closed when Governor Figueroa closed down the mission system in 1834. The site would later be known as "Old San Bernardino." Today, the site is historically known as the "San Bernardino

2464:) at the time, reducing the City's full resource response. Two City firefighters lost their homes to the Old Fire. The hills denuded, floods devastate the KOA campground just outside the city limits on Christmas Day and the manager, Jan Bradley, is killed. 1732:, to the former base and its environs. The Hub project, an extension of Hospitality Lane, opened in 2004 and 2005. Live touring theater returned to the California Theater. Though outside the City and owned by the County, The Blockbuster Pavilion (now the 682:

After the Mission system was dismantled by the Mexican government in 1833, several prominent Southern Californians attempted to acquire Rancho San Bernardino. In 1837, Antonia Pico and Andres Pico made an application for the land, but it was rejected.

2452:(also known as the Old Waterman Canyon Fire), started by arson, destroys hundreds of structures in the foothills and in Del Rosa before heading into the San Bernardino Mountains. Many San Bernardino City Fire Department firefighters were battling the 1513:

was first held in March 1911 in a tent at Fourth and E Streets and later moved to permanent quarters on Mill and E Streets. Residents often refer to the "Orange Show Curse", because at least one unusually rainy day happens during every Orange Show.

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1944 – Lopez v. Seccombe: desegregated city parks and recreational facilities, specifically the Perris Hill Plunge & Pool. This set the precedent for other desegregation cases like Mendez v. Westminster (1947) & Brown v. Board of Education

1597:) bifurcated the town in a way the railroad had not. Because of the railroad right-of-way, motorists could only exit west with great difficulty. Mount Vernon Avenue, which had flourished as part of the interstate Route 66, started to decay. 1372:

was planted in Riverside, then a part of San Bernardino County. The area, like many others in Southern California, became associated with oranges. An orange still graces the city seal today, and represents all agriculture in the City.

872:. Many Battalion troops returned to families in Utah via San Francisco and the Sacramento area. A group led by Hunt traveled to Salt Lake City by way of the Old Spanish Trail through the Cajon Pass with which they were so familiar. 1675:

The Hampshire flood took out forty homes in January 1980. In November 1980, the Panorama fire devastated the City's northern hills; in 2003 the Old Fire caused even more damage spanning from the eastern to the western borders. The

921:(Mormons). The Rancho included most of modern San Bernardino among other areas, though part of the northern areas of the City were part of Rancho Muscupiabe. The price for 40,000 acres (160 km) was $ 77,000 with $ 7,000 down. 1301:

Water began to be pumped from near the site, as it is today. However, Arrowhead Brand Water also comes from "natural mountain sources in the United States and Canada" since it was purchased by Nestle Waters North America, Inc.

1272:. A forest fire destroyed the third hotel in November 1938. The present structure (the fourth hotel) opened in December 1939 at a cost of $ 1.5 million. This time, the hotel was six stories, and the grand opening featured 1121:

to Southern California, created a climate of fear of, and hostility to the Mormons there, where before was a good opinion of them generally. In light of the persecutions that had previously been visited on the Mormons in

2375:: Southern Pacific Railroad freight train derails, killing four on Duffy Street. Days later, the Cal-Nev gasoline pipeline ruptures and ignites at the same location from damage sustained in the derailment cleanup. The 1443:. It seated between 1,200 and 1,400. After it was remodeled in 1912, it began to show motion pictures as well. The Opera House was torn down in 1927 to extend Court Street to the 1927 Courthouse on Arrowhead Avenue. 1759:

on certain legal holidays on City Hall by a vote of 4–3. The measure had failed on a 3–3 tie (with one councilmember absent) in May. The City continues to fly two regular flags in front of and on top of City Hall.

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1973 – A new city hall is opened on what was once the middle of Third Street between "D" and "E". This modern, eight level, glass and concrete building, designed by Gruen and Associates is the current seat of

1000:) were all built in the park, though the Pavilion and log cabin burnt down, and the Auditorium was torn down in 1979. The Norman F. Feldheym Library was built on the site in 1985. The park also contains two 987:

The Mormons created a temple block (but never a temple) in the center of the newly-laid out town between present-day 5th, 6th, E, and F Streets. They created a "Public Square," in which they celebrated the

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Street in 1892, replacing the 1874 courthouse. The Courthouse would be demolished in 1928 after building the current courthouse in 1927 along the extended court street at 351 North Arrowhead Avenue.

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plague from Los Angeles County hits San Bernardino. This epidemic caused severe mortality among the Native American population of Southern California, reducing them to a minority of the population.

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2001 – Mayor Judith Valles is elected for a second term, running unopposed. Local newspapers allege this is a first in city history, but it is probably unlikely that someone ran against Apostle

1351:. When the Caltrans buildings were torn down, several Chinese artifacts were found. The site is being prepared for a parking lot, and is slated to eventually become a new central court building. 1487: 2095:

1875 – The Southern Pacific reaches the valley but stops at Slover Mountain Colony. The station is named Colton after Southern Pacific Official David D. Colton, and will become the City of

1550: 2888: 687:, applied for the right to graze cattle in the eastern San Bernardino Valley. Governor Juan Bautista Alvarado rejected the application. Instead, the governor approved a settlement plan by 1669:, north of the 10 freeway. This put additional pressure on downtown, a factor that continues to today, but allows San Bernardino to compete regionally for office space and tax dollars. 2713:

none of the said persons of color can read and write, and are almost entirely ignorant of the laws of the state of California as well as those of the State of Texas, and of their rights

1528:, which allowed residents to easily travel to Los Angeles and beyond. The SBVT Co. had itself consolidated with most of the street railway operations to and in nearby Redlands in 1903. 1542:. Siblings Richard and Maurice McDonald opened the first McDonald's at 1398 North E Street at West 14th Street in San Bernardino, California (at 34.1255°N 117.2946°W) on May 15, 1940. 1480: 2102:

1882 – Julia and Joseph Meyer arrive in the area today known as Verdemont in Northwestern San Bernardino, and eventually they will own 2,000 acres (8 km) which they use to grow

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in Perris Hill Park and is renamed the San Bernardino Spirit. James F. Penman is first elected as City Attorney, replacing Ralph Prince, who had been City Attorney since the 1950s.

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In 1839, the Lugo's colonization permit was granted for 18 leagues of land. In the same year, the Lugo Family built an adobe house where the current county courthouse sits today.

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arrived in 1858, erecting an adobe drugstore/office at 4th and "C" (now Arrowhead Avenue) Street. Barton also became postmaster, County Superintendent of Schools, and purchased

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Mormons created the first timber road to the mountains, and a flour mill (on Mill Street). In 1855 they diverted water from Waterman Canyon to Town Creek by means of a flume.

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1851 – Jews arrive with the Mormon settlers. They establish the oldest Jewish cemetery in continuous use on the West Coast. Congregation Emanu El was later chartered in 1891.

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who had come to the aid of Armijo's party with food. This route ran along the course of Crowder Canyon to its mouth at Cajon Canyon and down to the mouth of the canyon at

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became the second Mayor. At incorporation, there were approximately 1,200 residents, 900 of them Mormons. They dominated local politics and forbade drinking and gambling.

767:, both married to Mexican women. In 1845, the Salazar colonists too moved to the Santa Ana River, one mile northeast of La Placita and there founded the village known as 2471:

wins a mayoral run-off against City Attorney James "Jim" Frank Penman. On March 4, 2006, thousands of concertgoers start a riot at the Orange Show after a concert (see

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is founded, covering San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, with its cathedral at Our Lady of the Rosary Cathedral in San Bernardino on Arrowhead Avenue at 25th Street.

3821: 2813: 1384: 740:. After remaining about two years at La Politana, Don Lorenzo, and four other families of colonists were persuaded move to 2,000 acres of land on the east side of the 697:

The plan for colonization was not successful. In 1841, Antonio Lugo prepared another petition. This time, it requested a land grant in the name of three of his sons,

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in 2003) is opened with the San Bernardino Stampede (formerly the San Bernardino Spirit) baseball club as its lead tenant. This stadium on South E Street replaced

1419:, (LA&SL) used as its corporate logo an adaptation of the famous "arrowhead" natural feature located north of the city. The LA&SL was fully acquired by the 918: 549:, the first Spanish settlement in the San Bernardino Valley, was established as a mission chapel and supply station for travelers on the road into California from 456: 249: 674:

and a group of trappers went through the Cajon Pass in 1830. The Cajon Pass was used by many early explorers, settlers, and traders going to places further west.

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of one such brothel; tiny windows are located at the top as lookouts. The corner of 3rd and D Streets was known as "Whiskey Point" with a saloon on every corner.

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corruption resulted in: uncollected tax revenues; unlicensed home rentals; and, absentee landlords that were lowering property values across the entire city.

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The Depression and the Dust Bowl caused a wave of migrants from Oklahoma and Arkansas to arrive in San Bernardino to work the fields in and around the City.

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1941 – Dorothy Inghram becomes the first African American teacher in San Bernardino, and later the first African American school administrator in the state.

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1886 – San Bernardino reincorporated. A passenger rail fare war erupts between Southern Pacific and Santa Fe dropping the price from $ 125 to $ 1. All of

1214:, however, there were many Confederate sympathizers in the area. A brief skirmish between Unionists and Confederate sympathizers erupted in the mountains. 4420: 3801: 3775: 3536: 2314: 1629: 5009: 4245: 3520: 2624:

Edward Leo Lyman, Overland Journey from Utah to California: Wagon Travel from the City of Saints to the City of Angels, University of Nevada Press, 2008.

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park off of Mount Vernon Avenue in the city's Westside. The park is closed by the city's Fire Prevention Unit because of life safety issues involving a

1810:, held in an auditorium with about 80 people. The County had rented the conference center portion of the three building complex. The shooters fled in an 1138:

disincorporated. Among the people remaining was Celia Mounts Hunt, Captain Hunt's wife. She died on January 28, 1897, and is buried in Pioneer Cemetery.

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Caballeria y Collell, Juan, HISTORY OF SAN BERNARDINO VALLEY, from the padres to the pioneers, 1810–1851, Times-Index Press, San Bernardino, Cal., 1902.

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The City continued to expand generally North and west of Downtown. By the 1920s, tracts were built north of Highland Avenue and along Valencia Avenue.

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were planted in Old San Bernardino. They were not the Washington Navel Orange that would later achieve great fame; they came in 1873 from Brazil to

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A Chinatown developed on Third Street east of Arrowhead Avenue, and survived until the 1920s. Its inhabitants grew vegetables which they peddled.

1405: 1022:, a natural rock formation above Arrowhead Springs, the "Ace of Spades." On a clear day, the Arrowhead can be seen from downtown San Bernardino. 759:

In 1843 a second party of colonists, commanded by Don Jose Tomas Salazar, arrived at La Politana. Among the settlers of this second colony were

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1902 – San Bernardino Valley Traction Company forms to operate electric trolleys in and between Colton, San Bernardino, Redlands and Highland.

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Highland. The Base and Meridian lines serve as the initial surveying point (known as the point of beginning) for all of Southern California.

614: 3602: 4948: 4818: 4728: 4633: 4618: 4510: 4480: 4470: 4465: 4455: 4450: 4440: 4435: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4330: 4310: 4300: 4260: 4240: 4225: 4220: 4031: 3850: 3629: 3556: 1814:. The perpetrators were killed by police after gunfire was exchanged with the occupants of the SUV. Farook had earlier attended the event. 1709: 349: 2950: 1465:

In May 1886, the City of San Bernardino reincorporated as a city 5th class (a distinction that is no longer observed by California law).

992:. Later, after the Mormons returned to Utah, part of the land went to the Catholic Church, and part went to Dr. and Mrs. Quinn. In 1873, 85: 4838: 4813: 4638: 4335: 4315: 4290: 4265: 4230: 4144: 3680: 3571: 3382: 2513: 1878: 449: 354: 234: 3329: 1495: 4978: 4938: 4803: 4763: 4753: 4738: 4583: 4558: 4500: 4495: 4350: 4340: 4295: 4285: 4280: 4197: 4167: 2518: 2272:

on the corner of Oak and Mount Vernon Avenues. Bell would later open Taco Tia at Base Line and Acacia in 1954, El Taco, and in 1962,

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1893 – Rival city Riverside secedes from San Bernardino County and forms its own County, with the City of Riverside its county seat.

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northeast of current-day Redlands would be known as Lugonia. It lost its identity with the November 1888 incorporation of Redlands.

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1927 – The San Bernardino County Court House is built on the site of Fort San Bernardino, as Court Street is extended to Arrowhead.

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The San Pedro, Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railroad began serving San Bernardino in 1905, arriving via Santa Fe trackage rights over

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1873 – The Southern Pacific Railroad enters into negotiations with the City to build a railroad through town. Talks break down.

4968: 4933: 4913: 4888: 4863: 4773: 4768: 4713: 4693: 4673: 4623: 4578: 4528: 3737: 3664: 3374: 2508: 1932: 1913: 1396:(SP) wanted to lay its tracks in San Bernardino, however, the City and the Railroad could not come to terms, so the SP founded 661: 625: 568: 534: 344: 314: 309: 284: 1653:

unplugged to prove that San Bernardino had enough groundwater to sustain further growth. As Holcolm said in a 2002 interview,

553:, by the Mission San Gabriel in a ranchería of the Guachama Indians that lived on the bluff that is now known as Bunker Hill. 4983: 4973: 4953: 4868: 4808: 4793: 4758: 4743: 4733: 4698: 4683: 4658: 4613: 4603: 4588: 4563: 4553: 4207: 4124: 4119: 4101: 3838: 3192: 3071: 1073: 442: 359: 304: 294: 224: 136: 56: 1525: 1324:, where he became town marshal. Late in life, in the 1920s, Wyatt became a ceremonial San Bernardino County Deputy Sheriff. 3363: 4963: 4958: 4923: 4898: 4883: 4848: 4828: 4778: 4723: 4688: 4678: 4608: 4593: 4538: 4154: 3785: 3644: 3639: 3495: 2372: 2206: 1677: 1562: 1510: 525:

The traditional (since there is a dispute as to the following events) founding and naming of San Bernardino is that Padre

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1885 – On November 9, 1885, the last spike is driven on the California Southern Railroad, linking San Bernardino to the

2110: 1698:) in 1982, and then again in 1983. The County of San Bernardino would later build the Blockbuster Pavilion (today, the 1401: 1247: 392: 289: 798:

Also in 1843, Michael White (also known in Spanish as Miguel Blanco), a Mexican citizen of English origin, was granted

4833: 3909: 3624: 3004: 2397: 1976: 1898: 1590: 1578: 415: 239: 177: 1936: 629: 92: 2734:

Edward Leo Lyman, San Bernardino: The Rise and Fall of a California Community, Signature Books, Salt Lake City, 1996

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occurred in 1989 when a train derailed on Duffy Street, followed a few days later by an explosion on a nearby pipe.

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Pageant is held in San Bernardino on July 25, and televised on CBS. Seeking free airtime, the City invests in an

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reaches San Bernardino on September 13. San Bernardino High School becomes the first high school in the county.

1038:, who had belonged to Robert Smith, who claimed he still owned them. Other slaves were freed by their masters. 833: 4533: 4400: 3831: 3700: 3505: 3436: 2936: 2472: 2383:, which CBS does not show on the air. W.R. "Bob" Holcolmb, after four years out of power, is re-elected mayor. 2184: 2117: 2010: 1886: 1691: 1521: 1237: 911: 865: 810:, but Native Americans from the desert stole his grazing stock, and he abandoned the Rancho after nine months. 665: 606: 605:

entered the valley with 15 trappers in late November 1826 on the way to Mission San Gabriel, crossing over the

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1970 – W.R. "Bob" Holcomb is first elected mayor. He would serve until 1985, and then again from 1989 to 1993.

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In 1874, the County established the first permanent courthouse built for that purpose, a two-story structure.

17: 1806:

injuries. The shooters reportedly targeted an event for employees of the San Bernardino County Department of

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of the U.S. Army occupied San Diego and Los Angeles. A detachment of the Los Angeles troops, led by Captain

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1947 – San Bernardino Air Depot deactivated, Congressman Harry Shepard gets it reactivated and expanded.

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officially closed in 1994, an event which caused the loss of 10,000 military and civilian jobs. Renamed

1705: 1640:(MWD), of which San Bernardino was a founding member. It withdrew in the 1940s after plans to route the 1150: 1146: 1019: 993: 963: 948: 737: 725: 637: 602: 576: 538: 511: 145: 3458: 4523: 4026: 3722: 3592: 2361: 2290:

1952 – Neal Baker, a friend of Glen Bell's and an admirer of the McDonald's, opens the first Baker's

1853: 1756: 1724:

supermarket, began construction mid 2006 on a large scale distribution plant to replace the existing

1717: 1573:, France, in 1944 after saving his crew. Camp Ono was an Army base to the west of the Shandin Hills. 1368:

Though the first orange trees were planted in the county in 1857, in 1873 the first Washington Navel

1207:

briefly threatened to take the county seat away from San Bernardino. San Bernardino won by one vote.

1113:, Lyman and Rich, or the inexperience of the mostly new member congregation. However the news of the 1110: 978: 967: 910:. They first made camp at the Sycamore Grove, about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) southeast of the present 900: 849: 572: 334: 202: 2653: 2283:

1950 – Norton Air Force Base named after Leland Norton. San Bernardino's population reaches 73,827.

1446: 1304: 4006: 3972: 3880: 3634: 2457: 2405: 2180: 2124: 2013:, founds the San Bernardino Base and Meridian. The Base Line is along the street of the same name. 1864: 1849: 1618:

Mayor Al Ballard made headlines when he equipped city fire trucks with shotguns in response to the

1503:

By around the start of the 20th century, there were 6,150 residents in the City of San Bernardino.

1332: 1225: 792: 721: 702: 515: 187: 2746: 928: 803: 713:'s house. His brother repaired the Estancia and lived there. A community that grew up astride the 3843: 3742: 3551: 3083: 2607: 2545: 2277: 2147:

1901 – San Bernardino's first permanent City Hall is located on a Corner of Third and "D" Street.

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It was used as the post office, school, church, and was the county courthouse from 1854 to 1858.

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saw Southern California as a supply source for Utah, and as an immigration and mail stop between

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Hafen, Leroy R.; Armijo, Antonio (1947). "LeRoy R. Hafen and Antonio Armijo, Armijo's Journal".

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Yaara' Shiraaw'ax 'Eyooshiraaw'a. Now You're Speaking Our Language: Gabrielino/Tongva/Fernandeño

2404:

in Perris Hill Park as the home of the minor league baseball team. (They are later renamed the

1404:, which was built into San Bernardino in 1883. The California Southern was a subsidiary of the 2724:

Joseph Wood, "The Mormon Church in San Bernardino: 1851–1857," Thesis, University of Utah, 1967

1565:, later named after Leland Francis Norton, a San Bernardino native, killed in the crash of his 3811: 2797: 2419: 2353:) allowed most victims to rebuild and even expand their homes. The counts 118,794 residents. 2310:

the 1970s). The museum is run by Albert Okura, founder of the local chicken chain, Juan Pollo.

2199: 2195: 2032: 1857: 1649: 799: 779:, to settle in Politana. They remained there until 1851, when they killed all but one of the 684: 432: 1728:

location. Hillwood Corporation helped bring large warehouses, including those of Mattel, and

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was one of 14 black Americans who sued for their freedom after being illegally held captive.

837: 733: 691:. Lugo's proposal was to colonize the San Bernardino area, listing 27 prospective settlers. 587: 580: 526: 2357:

the "Taj Mahal") opens at Fourth Street and Arrowhead Avenue, just north of the courthouse.

3727: 3695: 2793:"Authorities identify couple who they believe killed 14 at San Bernardino Christmas party" 2453: 2415:(Smith) is elected as mayor. She is the first Latino elected mayor in the city's history. 2401: 2365: 2054: 1940: 1882: 1755:

In June 2006, the City Council defeated a measure to fly a large flag purchased after the

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The city continued to develop in the Mormon absence, largely as a commercial center. Dr.

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to carry three times its usual volume, altering its banks, wiping out nearby Agua Mansa.

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colony founded on the land of the Rancho San Bernardino purchased from the Lugo family.

1920: 1904: 1764: 1612: 1369: 1200: 1007: 970: 952: 903: 896: 884: 841: 760: 710: 649: 621: 550: 3005:

Suspects in San Bernardino mass shooting identified as Syed Farook and Tashfeen Malik.

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During the 1960s, the Inland Center Mall opened, drawing business away from downtown.

4998: 3747: 3712: 3685: 3490: 3426: 3351: 3325: 2633: 2412: 2350: 2291: 2261: 2176: 2083: 2020: 1984: 1965: 1807: 1773: 1683: 1600: 1293: 1265: 1261: 1257: 880: 745: 492: 2814:"Upwards of 14 people dead in San Bernardino mass shooting: Police department chief" 2650:"Former Slave Played Major Role In San Bernardino's Early History:Lizzy Flake Rowan" 3752: 3334: 2733: 2569: 1961: 1928: 1924: 1721: 1285: 1273: 1168: 776: 764: 749: 653: 641: 610: 3196: 2092:

1874 – The first permanent court house is founded on Court Street near "E" Street.

2000: 1831: 1179: 818: 485: 157: 3249: 2674: 2242:, France on May 27, 1944. He was dive-bombing a target in an A-20 attack/bomber. 4001: 2550: 2430: 2345:

1979–1980 – San Bernardino City Unified School District was forced to integrate.

2162: 1687: 1633: 1623: 1619: 1428: 1400:, and put its tracks south of San Bernardino. The city's first railroad was the 1317: 1281: 1142: 1118: 1051: 1035: 1011: 997: 530: 507: 34: 2072: 2047: 1980: 1695: 1645: 1594: 1566: 1506:

By San Bernardino's "Centennial" in 1910, the population had grown to 12,779.

1412: 1340: 1313: 1157: 857: 845: 807: 771:. To replace the New Mexicans as guardians of their herds, the Lugos brought 768: 671: 645: 504: 3219: 2238:

1944 – San Bernardino native Leland Francis Norton was killed in action over

571:, at an Indian rancheria called Guachama, the site of which is in modern-day 3612: 3480: 2332: 2273: 2265: 2257: 2191:). At Redlands and San Bernardino, chimneys fell and buildings were damaged. 1436: 1316:

and his family traveled to San Bernardino by wagon train, arriving in 1864.

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caused the hotel to be taken over as naval hospital in 1944. After the war,

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was first developed in the southern extreme of San Bernardino south of the

3500: 3347: 2951:"12 people killed in shooting at San Bernardino social services facility" 2915:"14 people killed in shooting at San Bernardino social services facility" 2449: 2434: 2376: 2306: 2061: 1916:, a more permanent outpost structure of Mission San Gabriel, constructed. 1729: 1348: 1127: 1123: 1106: 937: 914:. They stayed until the sale of Rancho San Bernardino could be arranged. 788: 772: 752:. This village was known as "La Placita de los Trujillos", later called 657: 563: 546: 3901: 1331:

men, women, and children in a 32-day campaign. Yuhaviatam tribal leader

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Heritage Tales, San Bernardino Pioneer and Historical Society 1982, p.1

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1999 – On January 31, the Harris' Department Store on E Street closes.

2050:

to form the Territory of Colorado, voting 421–29 in favor of secession.

1844:, a Spanish priest, names San Bernardino (the valley) on May 20, 1810, 1577:

formed in 1952 to deal with the Meadowbrook neighborhood south-east of

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to protect Mexican ranchos from Indian raids. The Battalion started in

806:, "Place of little pines." Michael White built a house overlooking the 2239: 1990: 1860: 1570: 977:, then posthumously reinstated) was the City's first Mayor. Apostle 3079: 2603: 2023:

recalls Mormons to Utah. San Bernardino disincorporated. The first

1524:

reached San Bernardino with the February 8, 1911, absorption of the

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opens inside a small dry goods store. It becomes a small regional

1999: 1830: 1606: 1549: 1494: 1445: 1383: 1353: 1303: 1246: 1186: 1178: 1006: 927: 817: 640:

by a route Armijo called "Cañon de San Bernardino" from the upper

2976:"California shooting: 'Multiple deaths' at San Bernardino centre" 2360:

1987 – Professional (Single-A) baseball arrives when a team from

1626:, in which shots were fired at fire trucks extinguishing flames. 1358:

San Bernardino County Courthouse and Jail in January 1887 from a

1798:

committed a terrorist attack at the Center, which resulted in 14

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plays, musicians, and touring performances by such people as by

1365:

By the 1870s, the City had several large stores and two hotels.

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was formed from Los Angeles County in 1853 based on Assemblyman

869: 579:. A group of adobe buildings were constructed around 1830. The 3905: 3378: 701:, José Maria Lugo, Vicente Lugo, and José del Carmen's friend, 495:

also called the San Bernardino area Wa'aach in their language.

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