1175:
363:
There are 1700 Tiv households with approximately 11,000 people at the south-western border of
Cameroon, Manyu division, north east of Akwaya on the Nigerian border, and bordering the Iyom tribes of Cameroon. Their paramount ruler is Zaki Abaajul, who has the Tiv and Ulitsi as his subjects. The
1105:. Johnston (1919) classified it as a peculiar language among the Semi-Bantu languages, and Talbot (1926) concurred. Abraham (1933), who has made the most complete linguistic study of Tiv, classifies it as
364:
Cameronian Tiv are well educated and live in anglophone
Cameroon as their ancestral land, while a few others live in the francophone region. They are mostly farmers but others work in the government.
1040:
Tiv has three main tones (five if rising and falling are counted as separate tones instead of composites of existing tones). They are most importantly used in inflection.
372:
Tiv has no dialects. Tiv speakers can understand each other across their territory. Although, the Hyarev people speak some words totally different from others. However,
1361:
3597:
323:
Tarkaa, Makurdi, Gwer East, Gwer west, Ukum, Logo, Konshisha, Gboko, Kwande, Vandeikya, Katsina Ala, Guma, Buruku, and
Ushongo Local Government Areas.
1284:
R.C.Abraham, A Dictionary of the Tiv
Language, Government of Nigeria 1940, republished by Gregg Press Ltd., Farnborough, Hants., England 1968.
1354:
1319:
Video and audio files, New World
Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures Released and other bible study material in Tiv Language
1252:
1210:
3203:
1269:
3590:
1289:
3735:
1347:
3258:
2289:
1516:
1053:
596:
267:
96:
3740:
3583:
1919:
559:
1954:
1673:
3714:
3676:
3311:
3286:
3281:
2975:
2556:
1924:
1613:
1578:
1242:
173:
1063:, apparently slower sounding than the other Tiv accents and slurs vowels into their neighbouring consonant;
3437:
2869:
2581:
2274:
1778:
1174:
1109:, stating that its vocabulary is more similar to the East African Nyanza group of Bantu languages than to
1022:
1005:
998:
991:
967:
945:
940:
933:
927:
921:
903:
894:
889:
873:
863:
855:
850:
845:
812:
802:
790:
783:
777:
754:
747:
742:
707:
700:
694:
684:
679:
674:
665:
658:
642:
637:
632:
623:
616:
525:
513:
508:
504:
490:
486:
481:
467:
460:
448:
441:
429:
422:
223:
3554:
2651:
2636:
2561:
1441:
986:
547:
107:
3276:
3233:
2193:
1788:
1718:
1370:
1113:
or other neighbouring languages. Malherbe (1933) agrees with
Abraham that Tiv is essentially Bantu.
1078:
Vocabulary, particularly plant and tool names, changes from one part of Tiv territory to the other.
3745:
3625:
3478:
3447:
2826:
2750:
2671:
2143:
1623:
831:
726:
102:
3442:
3045:
2732:
2418:
2345:
1939:
1486:
554:
542:
230:. It had over 4.6 million speakers in 2020. The largest population of Tiv speakers are found in
3533:
3399:
3394:
3336:
3331:
3228:
3183:
2927:
2889:
2727:
2694:
2511:
2228:
2198:
2168:
1929:
1909:
1844:
1743:
1668:
1546:
1285:
1248:
1206:
1060:
881:
766:
652:
576:
566:
295:
247:
117:
51:
1116:
All material on Tiv seems to point to a recent expansion, perhaps in the early 15th century.
3606:
3559:
3538:
3518:
3503:
3483:
3473:
3463:
3361:
3178:
3163:
3015:
2899:
2788:
2755:
2621:
2601:
2380:
2312:
2236:
2213:
2128:
2029:
1994:
1974:
1889:
1859:
1783:
1708:
1384:
1072:
Kunav, a sub-accent of Kparev, noted for its preference for sounds where other Kparev use .
436:
263:
127:
122:
1306:
112:
3708:
3702:
3686:
3528:
3513:
3493:
3488:
3468:
3409:
3321:
3301:
3291:
3243:
3238:
3213:
3198:
3168:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3105:
3090:
3060:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
2995:
2965:
2955:
2894:
2874:
2704:
2626:
2591:
2551:
2506:
2446:
2355:
2294:
2251:
2218:
2173:
2133:
2123:
2034:
1984:
1979:
1964:
1934:
1899:
1879:
1869:
1816:
1806:
1798:
1738:
1728:
1723:
1703:
1693:
1688:
1573:
1521:
1491:
1410:
1106:
958:
916:
571:
219:
88:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3498:
3404:
3346:
3306:
3296:
3248:
3218:
3208:
3193:
3188:
3173:
3158:
3110:
3095:
3065:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2960:
2937:
2909:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2821:
2808:
2760:
2699:
2676:
2611:
2596:
2586:
2576:
2546:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2491:
2461:
2451:
2441:
2436:
2370:
2317:
2284:
2203:
2188:
2178:
2163:
2158:
2148:
2118:
2108:
2090:
2085:
2024:
2009:
2004:
1969:
1959:
1949:
1914:
1904:
1884:
1821:
1753:
1748:
1733:
1713:
1698:
1663:
1653:
1643:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1431:
1426:
1400:
604:
474:
243:
206:
3729:
3681:
3671:
3630:
3620:
3389:
3384:
3366:
3356:
3351:
3341:
3326:
3316:
3223:
3133:
3128:
3100:
3050:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2970:
2947:
2932:
2904:
2884:
2879:
2851:
2846:
2798:
2793:
2770:
2765:
2722:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2646:
2641:
2606:
2571:
2566:
2536:
2531:
2496:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2413:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2375:
2365:
2360:
2350:
2340:
2322:
2279:
2241:
2208:
2183:
2153:
2138:
2113:
2067:
2057:
2052:
2044:
2014:
1999:
1989:
1944:
1894:
1874:
1864:
1854:
1849:
1826:
1811:
1773:
1768:
1758:
1683:
1678:
1648:
1638:
1633:
1608:
1603:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1560:
1511:
1496:
1446:
1405:
1334:
1110:
837:
732:
610:
588:
405:
299:
287:
251:
235:
55:
3268:
3253:
3120:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
2816:
2631:
2616:
2541:
2501:
2456:
2428:
2405:
2269:
2246:
2062:
2019:
1836:
1763:
1658:
1628:
1618:
1568:
1481:
1436:
1125:
1102:
303:
291:
255:
239:
59:
347:
Bali, Donga, Ibi, Gassol, Takum, Gashaka, Kurmi and Wukari Local
Government Areas
1200:
3564:
3055:
2861:
2780:
2714:
2466:
2332:
2261:
2100:
2077:
1598:
1501:
1329:
417:
400:
279:
231:
47:
234:
in
Nigeria. The language is also widely spoken in some Nigerian states namely,
3376:
2919:
2742:
2686:
1167:
1137:
497:
410:
69:
1162:
2304:
1142:
455:
199:
183:
165:
190:
283:
227:
2662:
Tyap (Fantswam, Gworog, Sholyio, Takad, Tyap
Mabatado, Tyecharak, Tyuku)
1339:
37:
3508:
1324:
3575:
3650:
3523:
331:
Doma, Nasarawa, Lafia, Obi, Keana, and Awe Local
Government Areas
307:
259:
522:
Vowel sounds are phonetically nasalized before nasal consonants.
3579:
1541:
1343:
1052:
Ityoisha, spoken in the southeast, noted for its exaggerated
1301:
355:
Yala, Bekwara, Obudu, and Obanliku Local Government Areas.
1318:
1199:
Bohannan, Laura; Bohannan, Paul (2017-02-03). "Language".
1270:"The Tivoid languages: overview and comparative wordlist"
1145:, a traditional Tiv hut used for reception and gathering
1066:
Iharev, which gives an exaggerated roll to the phoneme ~
1101:) was made by Koelle (1854) from liberated slaves from
528:
can be freely heard as or before a nasal consonant.
1244:
The Tiv of Central Nigeria: Western Africa Part VIII
3695:
3664:
3613:
3547:
3456:
3430:
3375:
3267:
3119:
2946:
2918:
2860:
2807:
2779:
2741:
2713:
2685:
2427:
2404:
2331:
2303:
2260:
2227:
2099:
2076:
2043:
1835:
1797:
1559:
1530:
1419:
1393:
1377:
1241:Bohannan, Laura; Bohannan, Paul (3 February 2017).
1028:
is heard in free variation in word-final positions.
1025:
is heard phonetically as , but is often voiced as .
197:
181:
163:
158:
85:
75:
65:
43:
33:
21:
310:, Nigeria. Other parts of Nigeria also speak Tiv.
1069:Kparev, spoken in the centre and south-centre;
339:Qua’an Pan and Shendam Local Government Areas
3591:
1355:
8:
3598:
3584:
3576:
1556:
1538:
1534:
1362:
1348:
1340:
1228:An Autosegmental Analysis of Tiv Phonology
1202:The Tiv of Central Nigeria: Western Africa
18:
1097:The first reference to the Tiv language (
1059:Shitile, spoken by most Tiv east of the
536:
392:
266:, a group of languages belonging to the
1155:
278:Tiv is widely spoken in the States of
539:
7:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
16:Southern Bantoid language of Nigeria
1048:The accents of Tiv are as follows:
262:. It is by far the largest of the
14:
1173:
1:
1325:The bible in the tiv language
495:
453:
415:
373:
1307:PanAfrican L10n page on Tiv
1268:Blench, Roger (June 2016).
1226:Sokpo, Rosaline M. (2016).
3762:
1082:History and classification
268:Southern Bantoid languages
1555:
1537:
1031:occurs in other dialects.
985:
957:
915:
830:
789:
753:
725:
603:
575:
570:
565:
558:
553:
546:
541:
222:spoken in some states in
26:
226:, with some speakers in
274:Geographic distribution
81:4.6 million (2020)
3438:Nigerian Sign Language
1321:by Jehovah's Witnesses
1302:Tiv-English Dictionary
3555:Pan-Nigerian alphabet
1543:Indigenous languages
224:North Central Nigeria
3736:Languages of Nigeria
1531:Indigenous languages
1420:Recognised languages
1371:Languages of Nigeria
3457:Immigrant languages
3448:Hausa Sign Language
1313:Religious materials
394:
3443:Bura Sign Language
3259:Ukwuani-Aboh-Ndoni
1394:National languages
1378:Official languages
393:
3723:
3722:
3573:
3572:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3417:
1335:Jesus film in tiv
1171:(25th ed., 2022)
1061:Katsina Ala River
1019:
1018:
884:
840:
805:
769:
735:
697:
655:
613:
599:
591:
585:
519:
518:
351:Cross River State
213:
212:
52:Cross River State
3753:
3741:Tivoid languages
3607:Tivoid languages
3600:
3593:
3586:
3577:
3560:Nigerian braille
1557:
1550:
1539:
1535:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1341:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1196:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1160:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1024:
1007:
1000:
993:
969:
947:
942:
935:
929:
923:
905:
896:
891:
880:
875:
865:
857:
852:
847:
836:
814:
801:
792:
785:
779:
765:
756:
749:
744:
731:
709:
702:
693:
686:
681:
676:
667:
660:
651:
644:
639:
634:
625:
618:
609:
595:
589:
583:
537:
527:
515:
510:
506:
492:
488:
483:
469:
462:
450:
443:
431:
424:
395:
264:Tivoid languages
209:
193:
186:
177:
176:
168:
123:Southern Bantoid
91:
19:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3726:
3725:
3724:
3719:
3691:
3660:
3609:
3604:
3574:
3569:
3543:
3452:
3414:
3371:
3263:
3115:
2942:
2914:
2856:
2803:
2775:
2737:
2709:
2681:
2423:
2400:
2327:
2299:
2256:
2223:
2095:
2072:
2039:
1831:
1793:
1551:
1544:
1526:
1415:
1389:
1373:
1368:
1315:
1298:
1281:
1280:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1255:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1213:
1198:
1197:
1182:
1172:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1134:
1122:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1085:
1084:
1046:
1038:
561:
549:
535:
391:
386:
370:
361:
353:
345:
337:
329:
327:Nassarawa State
321:
316:
276:
220:Tivoid language
205:
189:
182:
172:
171:
164:
154:
132:Central Tivoida
92:
89:Language family
87:
78:
77:Native speakers
17:
12:
11:
5:
3759:
3757:
3749:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3728:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3668:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3580:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3460:
3458:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3432:
3431:Sign languages
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3379:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3273:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2976:Cakfem-Mushere
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2924:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2866:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2813:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2719:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2652:Tugbiri-Niragu
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2049:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1803:
1801:
1795:
1794:
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1275:. p. 16.
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1208:
1205:. Routledge.
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335:Plateau State
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56:Plateau State
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32:
29:
25:
20:
3655:
3101:Tyap (Takad)
2507:Gbagyi-Gbari
2270:Urhobo-Isoko
2063:Urhobo-Isoko
1674:Kirya-Konzəl
1619:Fali of Mubi
1545:(grouped by
1506:
1263:
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1236:
1227:
1221:
1201:
1166:
1158:
1126:noun classes
1123:
1115:
1103:Sierra Leone
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1039:
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362:
354:
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343:Taraba State
338:
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296:Cross Rivers
277:
215:
214:
198:
135:
60:Taraba State
27:
3565:Medefaidrin
3277:Baissa Fali
3234:Ogbronuagum
2229:Cross River
2194:Margi South
1789:Zizilivakan
1719:Margi South
1599:Chamba Leko
1502:Karai-karai
1442:Efik-Ibibio
987:Approximant
319:Benue State
248:Cross River
232:Benue state
113:Benue–Congo
108:Volta-Congo
97:Niger–Congo
48:Benue State
3746:Tiv people
3730:Categories
3479:Portuguese
2827:Basa-Benue
2751:Basa-Benue
2467:Bu-Ninkada
2144:Guduf-Gava
1955:Kusur–Myet
1290:0576116157
1168:Ethnologue
1150:References
1138:Tiv people
1120:Morphology
1056:of vowels;
533:Consonants
437:Near-close
3204:O’chi’chi
3046:Mwaghavul
2756:Bassa Nge
2733:Hun-Saare
2419:Teshenawa
2346:Bangwinji
1940:Kir-Balar
1799:Akwa Ibom
1143:Ate-u-tiv
838:voiceless
832:Fricative
733:voiceless
727:Affricate
611:voiceless
384:Phonology
380:) exist.
200:Glottolog
184:ISO 639-3
166:ISO 639-2
66:Ethnicity
3665:Northern
3534:Japanese
3400:Karekare
3337:Pangseng
3332:Nyingwom
3229:Ogbogolo
3184:Kalabari
2928:Itsekiri
2890:Gwandara
2809:Nasarawa
2728:Damakawa
2562:Kuzamani
2512:Gwandara
2199:Nggwahyi
2169:Kanakuru
1930:Karekare
1910:Guruntum
1669:Kanakuru
1447:Fulfulde
1132:See also
1099:dzwa Tiv
803:prenasal
695:prenasal
562:alveolar
555:Alveolar
543:Bilabial
475:Open-mid
368:Dialects
359:Cameroon
284:Nasarawa
244:Nasarawa
228:Cameroon
207:tivv1240
3614:Central
3548:Scripts
3539:Chinese
3519:Punjabi
3504:Russian
3484:Italian
3474:Spanish
3464:English
3362:Yendang
3179:Ikwerre
3164:Engenni
3016:Koenoem
2966:Bogghom
2948:Plateau
2900:Kakanda
2789:Kakanda
2705:Tikurmi
2627:T'kurmi
2622:Shamang
2602:Nyankpa
2381:Tangale
2313:Afenmai
2290:Ukwuani
2237:Abanyom
2214:Wandala
2129:Dghwede
2045:Bayelsa
2030:Zangwal
1975:Longuda
1890:Galambu
1860:Ciwogai
1784:Yendang
1709:Longuda
1624:Ga'anda
1561:Adamawa
1517:Ukwuani
1385:English
1044:Accents
577:Glottal
567:Palatal
560:Palato-
406:Central
374:accents
314:Nigeria
300:Adamawa
288:Plateau
252:Adamawa
236:Plateau
118:Bantoid
38:Nigeria
3709:Esimbi
3703:Mesaka
3696:Others
3687:Bitare
3529:Romani
3514:Hebrew
3509:Arabic
3494:Danish
3489:German
3469:French
3410:Ngizim
3322:Mumuye
3302:Kholok
3292:Dadiya
3269:Taraba
3244:Okodia
3214:Obulom
3199:Nkoroo
3169:Gokana
3154:Ekpeye
3149:Degema
3144:Defaka
3139:Biseni
3121:Rivers
3106:Yankam
3091:Tambas
3061:Pyapun
3041:Mundat
3036:Montol
3031:Miship
3026:Kulere
3021:Kofyar
2996:Goemai
2956:Barkul
2895:Jijili
2885:Gbagyi
2875:Bariba
2642:Tivori
2637:TiSeni
2592:Numana
2552:Kinuku
2429:Kaduna
2406:Jigawa
2356:Dadiya
2295:Uhrobo
2252:Mbembe
2219:Yedina
2174:Lamang
2134:Glavda
2124:Cineni
2035:Zumbun
1985:Mburku
1980:Mangas
1965:Kwaami
1935:Kariya
1920:Jarawa
1900:Geruma
1880:Dikaka
1870:Dazawa
1837:Bauchi
1817:Ibibio
1807:Anaang
1744:Psikyɛ
1739:Nzanyi
1729:Ngwaba
1724:Mumuye
1704:Lamang
1694:Kugama
1689:Kpasam
1574:Bacama
1522:Urhobo
1492:Kanuri
1452:Gbagyi
1411:Yoruba
1330:Gospel
1288:
1251:
1209:
1086:": -->
882:voiced
767:voiced
653:voiced
550:dental
548:Labio-
389:Vowels
306:, and
304:Kaduna
292:Taraba
258:, and
256:Kaduna
240:Taraba
128:Tivoid
44:Region
3651:Otank
3646:Iyive
3641:Ipulo
3636:Evant
3524:Hindi
3499:Dutch
3405:Ngamo
3395:Ɗuwai
3347:Tarok
3307:Kpati
3297:Donga
3249:Oruma
3239:Ogoni
3219:Odual
3209:Obolo
3194:Kugbo
3189:Khana
3159:Eleme
3111:Yiwom
3096:Tarok
3066:Rigwe
3011:Jorto
3006:Izere
3001:Horom
2961:Berom
2938:Ukaan
2910:Pongu
2862:Niger
2842:Hasha
2837:Eggon
2832:Duhwa
2822:Alumu
2781:Kwara
2771:Oworo
2761:Igala
2715:Kebbi
2700:Hausa
2695:Ɗuwai
2677:Zhire
2672:Wachi
2632:Timap
2612:Sambe
2597:Nungu
2587:Ninzo
2577:Nghan
2557:Koonu
2547:Kaivi
2537:Ikulu
2527:Hausa
2522:Hasha
2517:Gyong
2502:Ekhwa
2492:Dungu
2477:Bishi
2462:Berom
2452:Atsam
2442:Ahwai
2437:Adara
2371:Ngamo
2333:Gombe
2318:Ishan
2285:Isoko
2262:Delta
2204:Putai
2189:Margi
2179:Maaka
2164:Kamwe
2159:Jilbe
2149:Gvoko
2119:Cibak
2109:Afade
2101:Borno
2091:Igede
2086:Eggon
2078:Benue
2025:Warji
2010:Shiki
2005:Polci
1970:Labir
1960:Kutto
1950:Kushi
1915:Jalaa
1905:Giiwo
1885:Dulbu
1845:Ɓeele
1822:Obolo
1754:Taram
1749:Sukur
1734:Nyong
1714:Margi
1699:Kumba
1664:Kamwe
1654:Hwana
1644:Holma
1487:Jukun
1477:Izere
1472:Isoko
1462:Igala
1457:Idoma
1432:Ebira
1427:Berom
1401:Hausa
1273:(PDF)
1107:Bantu
959:Trill
917:Nasal
584:plain
572:Velar
418:Close
401:Front
308:Abuja
280:Benue
260:Abuja
218:is a
3715:Buru
3682:Batu
3677:Ambo
3672:Abon
3631:Eman
3626:Ceve
3621:Caka
3390:Bole
3385:Bade
3377:Yobe
3367:Yoti
3357:Waka
3352:Waja
3342:Rang
3327:Nyam
3317:Lufu
3312:Laka
3287:Buru
3282:Bete
3224:Ogba
3174:Ijaw
3134:Baan
3129:Abua
3051:Ngas
2991:Fyer
2986:Fyam
2981:Dass
2971:Bole
2933:Izon
2920:Ondo
2905:Nupe
2880:Cipu
2852:Toro
2847:Jili
2799:Nupe
2794:Kupa
2766:Nupe
2743:Kogi
2723:Cipu
2687:Kano
2667:Vono
2657:Tumi
2647:Toro
2607:Ruma
2572:Mala
2567:Mada
2532:Hyam
2497:Duya
2487:Doka
2482:Cori
2472:Bina
2447:Anib
2414:Bade
2396:Waja
2391:Tula
2386:Tera
2376:Pero
2366:Kamo
2361:Jara
2351:Bole
2341:Awak
2323:Bini
2280:Izon
2242:Efik
2209:Tera
2184:Mafa
2154:Jara
2139:Gude
2114:Bura
2058:Epie
2053:Izon
2015:Siri
2000:Piya
1995:Pa'a
1990:Miya
1945:Kubi
1925:Jimi
1895:Gera
1875:Deno
1865:Dass
1855:Bure
1850:Bole
1827:Oron
1812:Ekit
1774:Waja
1769:Vere
1759:Teme
1684:Koma
1679:Kofa
1649:Huba
1639:Gudu
1634:Gude
1614:Dong
1609:Daka
1604:Daba
1594:Bura
1589:Boga
1584:Bata
1579:Bali
1512:Tyap
1497:Nupe
1467:Ijaw
1406:Igbo
1286:ISBN
1249:ISBN
1207:ISBN
1111:Ekoi
1088:edit
1036:Tone
813:ⁿd͡z
605:Stop
597:pal.
590:lab.
498:Open
411:Back
3656:Tiv
3254:Tee
3086:Tal
3081:Sur
3076:Sha
3071:Ron
2870:Asu
2817:Ake
2617:Sha
2542:Jju
2457:Ayu
2305:Edo
2275:Ika
2247:Mbe
2020:Tso
1779:Wom
1764:Tso
1659:Hya
1629:Gaa
1569:Baa
1507:Tiv
1482:Jju
1437:Edo
1165:at
1163:Tiv
1023:/ɣ/
791:ɡ͡b
784:d͡ʒ
778:d͡z
755:k͡p
748:t͡ʃ
743:t͡s
526:/a/
456:Mid
378:ham
216:Tiv
191:tiv
174:tiv
136:Tiv
70:Tiv
28:Tiv
22:Tiv
3732::
3713:?
3707:?
3056:Pe
1247:.
1183:^
1128:.
930:)
866:)
780:)
708:ⁿd
701:ᵐb
685:ɡʲ
680:ɡʷ
643:kʲ
638:kʷ
509:aː
507:,
491:ɔː
489:,
482:ɜː
468:oː
449:ʊː
442:ɪː
302:,
298:,
294:,
290:,
286:,
282:,
270:.
254:,
250:,
246:,
242:,
238:,
99:?
58:,
54:,
50:,
3599:e
3592:t
3585:v
1549:)
1363:e
1356:t
1349:v
1257:.
1230:.
1215:.
1092:]
1006:j
999:l
992:w
968:r
946:ŋ
941:ɲ
934:n
928:ɱ
926:(
922:m
904:ɣ
895:z
890:v
874:h
864:x
862:(
856:ʃ
851:s
846:f
776:(
675:ɡ
666:d
659:b
633:k
624:t
617:p
514:ɒ
505:a
487:ɔ
461:e
430:u
423:i
376:(
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