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146:, arriving there some time during 1614; while plans were being made for operations in the Gulf of California, Basilio died. Nicolás de Cardona was appointed captain to replace him, with Juan de Iturbe and Pedro Alvarez de Rosales being given joint command with him. The same year, the company crossed
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ordered Iturbe to delay his departure, and impressed his company into service to ready the port for defending it against the corsairs, a task that took more than two months. Although engaged in a service for the Crown, Iturbe was forced to pay his men out of company funds during this period. The
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and along the "Pearl Coast" (eastern
Venezuela and its offshore islands) to acquire Negro divers. A royal decree of 25 June 1585 had proscribed the employment of Amerindians in pearl fishing, and declared that black divers were to be employed in that occupation. The decree was not enforced, but
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under their control; their own divers were unable to descend more than twelve fathoms or 72 feet (22 m). Basilio refused their proposition, but the
Spanish officials at Margarita ordered him to enter into the contract. Consequently the vessels went to the
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were built and equipped for the voyage to
California, at a cost of more than 45,000 pesos. Iturbe's company of men included a number of soldiers from Mexico City. Before he could set out, reports reached Acapulco that Dutch corsairs had entered the
97:, and outfitted at considerable expense. By the summer of 1613 they were ready to set sail for the New World. None of the three investors accompanied the expedition, which was commanded by Francisco Basilio. The second officer in command was
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to create a company to exploit
California's pearl fishery. In 1612 he signed an agreement with the viceroy to find pearl fisheries, look for General Luis Fernandez de Cordoba's lost galleons, and explore
51:, was a business entrepreneur and a favorite at the Spanish royal court. With his partners Sancho de Meras and Francisco de la Paraya, he invested in a company formed to exploit the pearl fisheries in
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demanded Tomás
Cardona, chamber master and captain, to submit his accounts for the period 1629-1633. Cardona could not accomplish it until autumn of that year, being in a bad position until then.
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Map of the Gulf of
California included by Nicolás de Cardona, 1632 nephew of Tomás de Cardona, in his report on the trip to the Kingdom of California.
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issued a decree forcing treasurers of the houses of the king and queen to present its accounts to the Royal accountancy. In March 1634, the
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121:(oyster beds) of pearl oysters. According to historian Sanford A. Mosk, Basilio and Cardona apparently made this voyage among the
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Tomás de
Cardona succeeded Francisco Velázquez Guillamas on 31 December 1622 as a teacher of chamber of the court. In 1633
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work was finished at the end of March and the three ships set sail for
California with Iturbe in command.
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348:"Apuntes para una historia de la cartografía urbana en América Central durante el periodo colonial"
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After their transatlantic crossing they sailed among the
Caribbean islands, searching for
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by Nicolás de
Cardona, 17th century, towards 1620. From Archivo de Indias, Seville Spain.
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293:"El ingenioso don Francisco de Ortega, sus viajes y noticias californianas, 1632-1636"
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The Cardona company did not begin operations until 1613. Six vessels were built at
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377:"La economía de la corte. El gasto de la Casa Real en la Edad Moderna (1561-1808)"
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Estudios Del Reino de Guatemala: Homenaje Al Profesor S.D. Markman
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Historia general de España y América, Volum 9, Part 2, pàgina 110
254:"The Cardona Company and the Pearl Fisheries of Lower California"
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in July 1613, accompanying General Antonio de Oquendo's fleet.
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Hydrographic and Geographic Descriptions... complete text
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blacks were considered to be better for that purpose. At
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Cardona, Merás and Paraya, all of whom were residents of
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A teacher in the court of Spain and accounting failure
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264:(1). University of California Press: 50–54.
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313:10.22201/iih.24486922e.1970.003.3220
291:León-Portilla, Miguel (1970-10-05).
384:Cuadernos de Estudios Empresariales
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404:Cardona "Geographic Descriptions"
300:Estudios de Historia Novohispana
89:Beginning of Operations and crew
454:17th-century Italian explorers
252:Sanford A. Mosk (March 1934).
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375:Martínez Vara, Tomás (2007).
459:17th-century Spanish writers
449:17th-century Spanish people
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59:Exploration and enterprise
258:Pacific Historical Review
30:San Francisco de Campeche
346:Jorge E. Hardoy (1985).
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179:and were headed for
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78:Philip III of Spain
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221:Nicolás de Cardona
200:Felipe IV of Spain
99:Nicolás de Cardona
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28:Original Chart of
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361:978-84-00-06011-4
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398:References
306:(003): 6.
83:California
74:encomienda
53:California
181:New Spain
173:South Sea
168:San Diego
148:New Spain
144:Vera Cruz
128:Margarita
210:See also
156:frigates
152:Acapulco
137:placeres
132:placeres
119:placeres
319:30 June
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76:" from
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45:Seville
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113:Voyage
95:Moguer
41:Venice
380:(PDF)
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274:JSTOR
227:Notes
103:Cádiz
408:ISBN
356:ISBN
321:2021
308:doi
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