500:(VMS) districts in the world, containing 27 Cu-Zn- (Au) deposits from which more than 183 million tonnes of ore have been mined. Most of mined VMS deposits in the Flin Flon belt are associated with juvenile arc volcanic rocks providing a powerful focus for future explorations. Gold mineralization has been less studied, but at Reed Lake has been shown to be associated with late brittle-ductile shear zones that follow peak tectonic and metamorphic activity within the Trans-Hudson Orogen. At Snow Lake, preliminary investigations suggest a long history of gold mineralization with at least some gold introduced prior to metamorphism.
58:
370:- the highest point in South Dakota - has an altitude of 7,242 feet above sea level. These central spires and peaks all are carved from granite and other igneous and metamorphic rocks that form the core of the uplift. The nature and timing of this portion of the THO event in southern Laurentia is poorly understood, when compared to the exposed northern segments in Canada. The Black Hills offer the only surface exposure of the deformed and metamorphosed belt of Paleoproterozoic continental margin rocks in the collisional zone between the
31:
448:, divisible into several lithostructural domains. Most of these rocks evolved in an oceanic to transitional, subduction-related arc setting, with increasing influence of Archean crustal components to the northwest. The zone overlies Archean basement exposed in structural windows that are now recognized as the
415:
beneath an eastward moving continental plate. Likewise, during the Trans-Hudson orogeny, rifting at first separated the
Superior craton from the rest of the continent. Then the Superior Craton reversed its direction and the ocean basin began to close. A subduction zone formed as the oceanic crust of
326:
trapped in the THO western interior. Similar to the
Himalayas, the Trans-Hudson orogeny was also the result of continent-continent collision along a suture zone. Only the roots of this mountain chain remain, but these can be seen in northeastern Saskatchewan and in the
406:
formed on the margins of the continental cratons as the divergence continued. Eventually the divergence stopped, then reversed direction, and collision occurred between continental land masses. During the Wopmay orogeny, subduction occurred as oceanic crust of the
471:
The Flin Flon domain is in the center of the Trans-Hudson Suture Zone and extends over the border of the
Manitoba-Saskatchewan segment east and west. It is west of the Superior Craton, south of the Kisseynew Domain, and east of the Glennie Domain.
374:
Wyoming and
Superior provinces. Based on geophysical evidence, this zone has been broadly interpreted to be the southern extension of the THO that was later truncated by the ~1.680 Ga.
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zone is a complex tectonically deformed region that includes the Peter Lake, Wollaston, and Seal River domains, and other parts of the Cree Lake Zone, now included in Hearne
Province.
366:
is one of the few remaining exposed portions of the Trans-Hudson orogenic belt. The peaks of the Black Hills are 3,000 to 4,000 feet above the surrounding plains, while
650:
The
Geological Story of the Great Plains - Geological Survey Bulletin 1493 (A nontechnical description of the origin and evolution of the landscape of the Great Plains)
688:
402:
that continued to spread until it resulted in a passive margin in which there was no tectonic activity. Shallow marine deposits formed on the continental shelves, and
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to form the cratonic core of North
America in a network of Paleoproterozoic orogenic belts. These orogenic belts include the margins of at least nine independent
704:
729:
John B. Brady, et al., eds. (2004) Precambrian
Geology of the Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana (Special Papers (Geological Society of America), 377.)
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740:
648:
335:. The Trans-Hudson orogeny and the consequent upheaval of the continental crust in the middle Proterozoic eon caused the area around the
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to become a flattened plain, which in turn led to the creation of the intracontinental basin and the interior and central plains of the
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133:) which is the largest Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt in the world. It consists of a network of belts that were formed by Proterozoic
745:
779:
739:
LITHOPROBE Seismic
Processing Facility (LSPF). (1990). "Phase V Proposal - Executive Overview: Trans-Hudson Orogen Transect (THOT).
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530:
809:
804:
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The
Reindeer zone to the north is a 500 km wide collage of Paleoproterozoic (1.92-1.83 Ga) arc volcanic rocks, plutons,
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298:
The Trans-Hudson orogeny was the culminating event of the Paleoproterozoic Laurentian assembly, which occurred after the
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671:"Differential Deformational History of Fault-Bounded Blocks: "Southern Trans-Hudson" Orogen, Black Hills, South Dakota"
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oceans and seaways, were sutured together in the Trans-Hudson Orogen (THO) and resulted in extensive folding and
282:(see Trans-Hudson Orogen map and the THOT Transect map. To the south, the orogen contributed to the subsurface
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foreland zone bordering Superior Craton, comprising the Thompson Belt, Split Lake Block, and Fox River Belt.
416:
the Superior Craton was subducted beneath the Hearne and Wyoming Craton with the Sask Craton in the middle.
306:, ca. 2.1-1.9 Ga.). The Trans-Hudson orogeny resulted from the collision of the Superior Craton of eastern
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developed as the cratons collided, eventually resulting in the THO mountain building (orogeny).
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that were themselves sections of at least three former major supercontinents, including
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LITHOPROBE Seismic Processing Facility (LSPF). (1998). "Trans-Hudson Orogen Transect."
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Marine evidence indicates that the area initially opened to form an ocean called the
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653:. United States Government Printing Office, Washington 2004. Archived from
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Trans-Hudsonian Suture--Collision of Superior with Hearne/Wyoming Province
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is an Andean-type continental-margin, magmatic arc emplaced 1.86-1.85 Ga.
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as the Rinkian belt and Nagssugtodidian Orogen. Westward it goes across
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through Saskatchewan and then extends 90 degrees south through eastern
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2004 Denver Annual Meeting (November 7–10, 2004), Paper No. 244-12
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604:. Canada's National LITHOPROBE Geoscience Project. Archived from
481:
669:
Hill, Joseph C., Nabelek, Peter and Robert Bauer (2008).
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Canadian Plains Research Center Mapping Division (2006).
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Canada's National LITHOPROBE Geoscience Project (1998).
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The Superior Boundary zone is a narrow, southeastern,
189:), and contain parts of some of the oldest cratonic
567:. Canadian Plains Research Center Mapping Division.
286:strata in Montana and the Dakotas that created the
197:. These old cratonic blocks, along with accreted
49:(fuchsia) that constitute the central core of the
147:. The event occurred 2.0–1.8 billion years ago.
347:are the westernmost portion of North America's
216:along with metamorphism and hundreds of huge
150:The Trans-Hudson orogen sutured together the
34:Trans-Hudson orogen (blue) surrounded by the
8:
687:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
56:
29:
27:Mountain-building event in North America
521:
680:
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398:all indicate that divergence formed a
314:and the Wyoming Craton of the western
208:deposits from earlier Proterozoic and
562:"Location of the Trans-Hudson Orogen"
7:
703:Bailes, Alan & Ric Syme (2001).
310:with the Hearne Craton in northern
496:is one of the largest Proterozoic
140:and the collision of pre-existing
25:
234:through collisional belts in the
125:(THOT), (also referred to as the
535:The Encyclopedia of Saskatchwen
498:volcanic-hosted massive sulfide
705:"Trans-Hudson Orogen Overview"
1:
274:, and is then cut off by the
455:Wathaman-Chipewyan batholith
424:Northwestern hinterland zone
123:Trans-Hudson Orogen Transect
61:Trans-Hudson orogen and the
647:Trimble, Donald E. (2008).
351:, which extend east to the
278:- the northern edge of the
266:, downward through eastern
230:that extends eastward from
127:Trans-Hudsonian Suture Zone
846:
765:Paleoproterozoic orogenies
760:Orogenies of North America
226:The THO is a right-angled
830:Precambrian North America
775:Precambrian United States
494:Flin Flon greenstone belt
780:Geology of North America
709:WILDCAT Explorations LTD
810:Geology of South Dakota
805:Geology of Saskatchewan
800:Geology of North Dakota
590:Retrieved on 2008-02-11
550:Retrieved on 2008-02-11
459:The Wathaman-Chipewyan
444:sediments, and younger
110:), forging the initial
85:Trans-Hudsonian orogeny
628:Cite journal requires
580:Cite journal requires
476:Superior Boundary zone
117:. It gave rise to the
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54:
531:"Trans-Hudson Orogen"
376:Central Plains orogen
250:, and all the way to
104:North American Craton
60:
51:North American Craton
33:
529:M. Stauffer (2006).
238:, through northern
81:Trans-Hudson orogeny
18:Trans-Hudson Orogeny
795:Geology of Nebraska
785:Geology of Manitoba
693:Retrieved on -01-28
677:. Denver, Colorado.
659:Retrieved on -02-04
353:Appalachian Plateau
131:Trans-Hudson suture
119:Trans-Hudson orogen
825:Historical geology
815:Geology of Wyoming
790:Geology of Montana
770:Precambrian Canada
382:Sequence of events
236:Churchill province
95:) that formed the
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428:The Northwestern
191:continental crust
16:(Redirected from
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711:. Archived from
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537:. Archived from
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488:Economic geology
467:Flin Flon domain
280:Yavapai province
262:and the western
91:building event (
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388:Manikewan Ocean
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349:Interior Plains
322:microcontinent
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214:thrust faulting
171:microcontinents
100:Canadian Shield
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23:
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12:
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368:Black Elk Peak
300:Wopmay orogeny
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112:North American
87:was the major
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436:Reindeer zone
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418:Volcanic arcs
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404:oceanic crust
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713:the original
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683:cite journal
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664:
655:the original
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642:
621:cite journal
610:. Retrieved
606:the original
595:
573:cite journal
555:
543:. Retrieved
539:the original
534:
524:
491:
479:
470:
458:
450:Sask craton.
449:
442:volcanogenic
439:
427:
409:Slave Craton
390:. Faulting,
385:
364:South Dakota
357:
345:Great Plains
333:South Dakota
312:Saskatchewan
297:
288:Great Plains
270:and western
232:Saskatchewan
225:
206:intraoceanic
149:
130:
126:
122:
118:
84:
80:
78:
53:(Laurentia).
820:Black Hills
602:"Transects"
400:rift valley
392:sedimentary
360:Black Hills
337:Great Lakes
329:Black Hills
324:Sask Craton
318:, with the
284:Phanerozoic
242:, parts of
228:suture zone
97:Precambrian
754:Categories
612:2012-07-18
545:2008-01-27
516:References
430:hinterland
304:Hudson Bay
256:Hudson Bay
221:intrusions
199:island arc
145:continents
129:(THSZ) or
121:(THO), or
461:batholith
413:subducted
302:(West of
252:Greenland
185:(ca. 2.7
183:Kenorland
138:accretion
115:continent
108:Laurentia
504:See also
482:ensialic
294:Overview
272:Nebraska
244:Labrador
218:granitic
210:Mesozoic
202:terranes
175:Laurasia
160:Superior
102:and the
89:mountain
67:Superior
44:Superior
446:molasse
372:Archean
320:Archean
268:Wyoming
264:Dakotas
260:Montana
179:Pangaea
167:cratons
164:Wyoming
142:Archean
135:crustal
93:orogeny
74:cratons
63:Wyoming
47:cratons
38:Hearne-
36:Wyoming
733:
308:Canada
240:Quebec
162:, and
152:Hearne
71:Hearne
565:(PDF)
343:(the
195:Earth
731:ISBN
689:link
634:help
586:help
492:The
411:was
394:and
358:The
246:and
204:and
181:and
79:The
69:and
42:and
362:of
355:).
331:of
193:on
156:Rae
83:or
40:Rae
756::
707:.
685:}}
681:{{
673:.
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623:}}
619:{{
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571:{{
533:.
378:.
290:.
223:.
187:Ga
177:,
158:,
65:,
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632:(
615:.
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548:.
154:-
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
