600:, which continued the hardware mixing tradition, with 32 internal channels and onboard memory for sample storage. For a time, it offered unparalleled sound quality and became the choice of discerning tracker musicians. Understanding that the support of tracker music would benefit sales, Gravis gave away some 6000 GUS cards to participants. Coupled with excellent developer documentation, this gesture quickly prompted the GUS to become an integral component of many tracking programs and software. Inevitably, the balance was largely redressed with the introduction of the
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839:-powered device with all the functions of a software tracker. It was met with mostly positive critical reception, with critics citing a modest price point, standalone all-in-one capability, and intuitive controls. In 2021, DirtyWave released the M8 Tracker, a portable tracker that is more heavily inspired by
964:. Many of these formats can also be imported into existing trackers, allowing to view arrangement, instrumentation and the use of effect commands. This also makes the self-teaching of music composition using trackers easier and allows to extract instruments for later use in own songs, which was very common.
684:
is a modular music studio developed from 1997 to 2000 for
Microsoft Windows using a tracker as its sequencer where the sounds were produced by virtual machines (Buzzmachines) such as signal generators, synthesizer emulators, drum computers, samplers, effects and control machines, that where connected
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There are also some tracker-like programs that utilize tracker-style sequencing schemes, while using real-time sound synthesis instead of samples. Many of these programs are designed for creating music for a particular synthesizer chip such as the OPL chips of the Adlib and SoundBlaster sound cards,
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trackers only provided four tracks, the hardware limit, modern trackers can mix a virtually unlimited number of channels into one sound stream through software mixing. Tracks have a fixed number of "rows" on which notes and effects can be placed (most trackers lay out tracks in a vertical fashion).
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A basic drum set could thus be arranged by putting a bass drum at rows 0, 4, 8, 12 etc. of one track and putting some hi hat at rows 2, 6, 10, 14 etc. of a second track. Of course, bass and hats could be interleaved on the same track, if the samples are short enough. If not, the previous sample is
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The earliest trackers existed to get closer to the hardware of a given machine, allowing memory-light playback of music ideal for games and similar programs. Keeping in theme with this philosophy, a few "hardware trackers" have emerged: specialized hardware designed specifically to host tracker
677:
chips of the Sound
Blaster series. All Sound Tracker was able to combine both the FM synthesis of the OPL chips and the sample based synthesis of the EMU-8000 chips in the Sound Blaster AWE series of cards as well as MIDI output to any additional hardware of choice.
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During the 1990s, tracker musicians gravitated to the PC as software production in general switched from the Amiga platform to the PC. Although the IBM and compatibles initially lacked the hardware sound processing capabilities of the Amiga, with the advent of the
484:'s SoundMonitor, but these did not feature sample playback, instead playing notes on the computer's internal synthesizer. Later, programs like Rock Monitor also supported additional sample playback, usually with short drum samples loaded in RAM memory.
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designates the frequency at which the sample is played back. By increasing or decreasing the playback speed of a digital sample, the pitch is raised or lowered, simulating instrumental notes (e.g., C, C#, D, etc.).
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in a modular setup. Each machine would have its own tracker, drum machines would use a tracker-like drum pattern editor and effect and control machines could be automated tracker-like via tables of parameters.
623:) which gradually enabled the use of more channels. From the typical 4 MOD channels of the Amiga, the limit had moved to 7 with TFMX players and 8, first with Oktalyzer and later with the vastly more popular
757:(1990) and OctaMED have received various updates, mostly for porting to other platforms. Protracker having resumed development in 2004, with plans for releasing version 5 to Windows and
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An effect is a special function applied to a particular note. These effects are then applied during playback through either hardware or software. Common tracker effects include volume,
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software, in turn designed to exploit the hardware of the machine. These hardware trackers are largely inspired by LittleSoundDJ, a tracker created for the original
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An order is part of a sequence of patterns that defines the layout of a song. Patterns can be repeated across multiple orders to save tracking time and file space.
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You get to see exactly how the song was put together: what samples were used, how they were played, what instruments worked together to create certain sections.
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Modern trackers include, but not limited to
Deflemask, Famitracker, VGM Music Maker, Furnace (which currently is the only tracker allowing multiple
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format used to store sampled sound. However, since the notes were samples, the limitation was less important than those of synthesizing music chips.
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is a small digital sound file of an instrument, voice, or other sound effect. Most trackers allow a part of the sample to be looped, simulating a
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products for old hardware platforms and demoparties have often separate tracker music competitions. Tracker music may also be used in games which
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A pattern is a group of simultaneously played tracks that represents a full section of the song. A pattern usually represents an even number of
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Tracks typically contain 64 rows and 16 beats, although the beats, rows and tempo can be increased or decreased to the composer's taste.
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systems. As a module of said system, it cannot be used alone, and the "tracker" portion of the device is simply used as an interface to
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There are several elements common to any tracker program: samples, notes, effects, tracks (or channels), patterns, and orders.
464:(1989) appeared as well. The general concept of step-sequencing samples numerically, as used in trackers, is also found in the
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and other commands are entered with the keyboard into a grid of fixed time slots as codes consisting of letters, numbers and
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As such, hardware mixing did not last. As processors got faster and acquired special multimedia processing abilities (e.g.
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output) and to the sequencing (MIDI input and recording), effectively becoming general purpose sequencers with a different
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at chronological positions on a vertical timeline. A music tracker's user interface is traditionally number based. Notes,
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where the song data and samples are encapsulated in a single file. Several module file formats are supported by popular
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449:(the first tracker software) written by Karsten Obarski and released in 1987 by EAS Computer Technik for the
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982: – Electronic device or application software used for recording, editing and producing audio files
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1270:"Creating Music and Sound for the Sega Genesis/Mega-Drive: A Primer for Using the VGM Music Maker"
808:(Music Tracker with modular synth engine and a free form, dynamic length pattern timeline system)
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The first such hardware tracker released was the NerdSeq in 2018, a hybrid tracker-sequencer for
643:(updated version of OctaMED). An Amiga tracker called Symphonie Pro even supported 256 channels.
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A track (or channel) is a space where one sample is played back at a time. Whereas the original
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sampling workstation of the early 1980s. Some early tracker-like programs appeared for the
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in a single track by setting the "new note action" of each instrument to cut, continue,
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Tracker! The amazing free music software giving the big boys a run for their money.
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The first standalone hardware tracker released was the
Polyend Tracker in 2020, a
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as professional and inexpensive alternative to other music production software.
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The first trackers supported four pitch and volume modulated channels of 8-bit
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The Music Tech
Dictionary: A Glossary of Audio-Related Terms and Technologies
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usually stopped when the next one begins. Some modern trackers simulate
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544:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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software for creating music. The music is represented as discrete
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digits. Separate patterns have independent timelines; a complete
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from multiple systems to be played simultaneously (for example,
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1431:"Polyend Tracker review: A powerful but confounding groovebox"
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1457:"DirtyWave M8, Battery-Operated Handheld Synth & Tracker"
761:, but only version 4.0 beta 2 for AmigaOS has been released.
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Another sound card popular on the PC tracker scene was the
453:. Ultimate Soundtracker was a commercial product, but soon
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and its successors, which also featured on-board RAM and
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Art
Platforms and Cultural Production on the Internet
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658:, the AWE and GUS range became obsolete. DirectX,
103:In the 2010s, tracker music is still featured in
81:consists of a master list of repeated patterns.
722:of the late 1990s and early 2000s, such as the
1567:is a tracker history presentation on the 2007
933:or the sound chips of classic home computers.
2005:
1608:
1583:lineage of music trackers by Claudio Matsuoka
421:
8:
1329:"Amiga Music Preservation - Karsten Obarski"
919:, opening new mixing channels as necessary.
1906:Center for New Music and Audio Technologies
1405:"Polyend Tracker review | Music Radar"
1304:"WarmPlace.ru. SunVox Modular Music Studio"
771:, a popular tracker in the 2000s and 2010s.
753:. Some of the early Amiga trackers such as
619:passed from hardware to software (the main
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2012:
1998:
1990:
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1520:René T. A. Lysloff, Leslie C. Gay (2003).
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84:Later trackers departed from solely using
560:Learn how and when to remove this message
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494:, a limitation derived from the Amiga's
1219:"DefleMask – The best Chiptune tracker"
1196:(113). Future Publishing Ltd. June 2007
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704:, playing a module from the video game
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936:Tracker music is typically stored in
7:
581:, PC audio slowly began to approach
1491:. Salon Media Group. Archived from
109:borrow aesthetics from past decades
27:Type of software for creating music
2315:List of American independent films
1175:or General Instruments' venerable
1120:"Tracker History Graphing Project"
498:audio chipset and the commonplace
25:
1881:Computer Music Center at Columbia
976: – Audio recording technique
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1736:
1574:Tracker History Graphing Project
1118:Matsuoka, Claudio (2007-11-04).
1023:Beginning Game Audio Programming
718:Tracker music could be found in
587:44.1 kHz/16 bit/Stereo
514:
2225:Experimental musical instrument
1179:and Yamaha's compatible YM2149.
1481:Leonard, Andrew (1999-04-29).
1122:. helllabs.org. Archived from
1026:. Premier Press. p. 168.
1001:Chiptune and tracker musicians
650:) and companies began to push
445:The term tracker derives from
1:
2669:Social peer-to-peer processes
1589:, an introduction to tracking
1354:"Nerdsynth - XOR Electronics"
986:Modular software music studio
944:. Well-known formats include
783:(PC, 1997) were presented in
635:(PC, 1994) and on to 64 with
1284:"Furnace (Chiptune tracker)"
627:(Amiga, 1989), then 32 with
49:(sometimes referred to as a
2710:Video game music technology
1145:"Noisetracker fyller 25 år"
652:Hardware Abstraction Layers
540:the claims made and adding
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1978:Mortuos Plango, Vivos Voco
1886:Experimental Music Studios
1565:Taking Tracking Mainstream
1091:. Routledge. p. 162.
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589:) with the release of the
441:1987: Origins on the Amiga
199:Alternative demo platforms
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2305:American eccentric cinema
2130:
2113:Amateur press association
1770:Composers Desktop Project
1734:
1526:Wesleyan University Press
1403:Truss, Si (22 May 2020).
1047:Gallagher, Mitch (2009).
980:Digital audio workstation
689:2000s: Multiple platforms
1668:Gottfried Michael Koenig
1524:(illustrated ed.).
1333:Amiga Music Preservation
662:and, now more commonly,
53:for short) is a type of
18:Tracker (music software)
2295:Cinema of Transgression
1942:Artificial intelligence
1937:Algorithmic composition
1522:Music and technoculture
1194:Computer Music Magazine
1085:Olga Goriunova (2012).
1020:Mason McCuskey (2003).
786:Computer Music Magazine
631:(PC, 1994) and 16 with
615:The responsibility for
480:, before 1987, such as
37:, a tracker running in
2611:Independent TV station
2540:Independent soft drink
2506:Open-source video game
2020:Independent production
1587:The Tracker's Handbook
991:List of music software
926:of music composition.
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697:Schism Tracker with a
506:1990s: MS-DOS versions
61:positioned in several
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2591:Visionary environment
2290:Independent animation
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447:Ultimate Soundtracker
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2603:Independent circuit
2433:Open-source software
2332:Guerrilla filmmaking
1561:Andrew 'Necros' Sega
738:Crusader: No Remorse
710:by Finnish composer
2571:Amateur photography
2264:Amateur pornography
2212:Musical instruments
2192:Tracker (MOD) music
1916:Oberlin TIMARA Labs
1911:Princeton Sound Lab
1429:O'Brien, Terrence.
996:Computer game music
602:Sound Blaster AWE32
261:Chaos Constructions
2035:Alternative comics
1698:Jean-Claude Risset
1658:Giuseppe di Giugno
1579:2011-07-26 at the
1327:Obarski, Karsten.
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525:possibly contains
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2627:Independent media
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2150:Open-source label
2135:Independent music
2040:Alternative manga
1987:
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1952:Digital synthesis
1643:Richard Boulanger
1546:978-0-8195-6513-6
1098:978-0-415-89310-7
1055:Course Technology
804:together.)), and
598:Gravis Ultrasound
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527:original research
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251:Alternative Party
39:Microsoft Windows
16:(Redirected from
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1272:. 30 March 2021.
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639:(PC, 1995) and
637:Impulse Tracker
629:ScreamTracker 3
612:table) mixing.
591:SoundBlaster 16
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1693:Roger Reynolds
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1555:External links
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1190:"Top Trackers"
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1033:978-1592000296
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2428:Free software
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1840:SuperCollider
1838:
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1669:
1666:
1664:
1663:Charles Dodge
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:John Chowning
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
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1636:
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1531:
1527:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1505:
1495:on 2012-10-25
1494:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1477:
1474:
1462:
1461:Synth Anatomy
1458:
1451:
1448:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1422:
1410:
1406:
1399:
1396:
1384:
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1279:
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1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:"FamiTracker"
1235:
1232:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1162:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1126:on 2011-07-26
1125:
1121:
1114:
1111:
1100:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1081:
1078:
1070:September 10,
1066:
1064:9781598639148
1060:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1016:
1013:
1006:
1002:
999:
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989:
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984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
971:
967:
965:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
942:audio players
939:
934:
930:
927:
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920:
918:
914:
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904:
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894:
890:
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822:
820:
811:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
790:
788:
787:
782:
778:
775:During 2007,
770:
766:
762:
760:
756:
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746:
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728:
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686:
683:
679:
676:
672:
667:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
642:
638:
634:
633:FastTracker 2
630:
626:
622:
618:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
575:Sound Blaster
564:
561:
553:
543:
539:
535:
529:
528:
523:This section
521:
512:
511:
505:
503:
501:
497:
493:
490:
485:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
466:Fairlight CMI
463:
459:
456:
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448:
440:
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424:
419:
417:
412:
411:
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364:
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359:
357:
354:
352:
351:FastTracker 2
349:
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344:
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316:
314:
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298:
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288:
287:
282:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
266:The Gathering
264:
262:
259:
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249:
248:
247:
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238:
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112:
110:
106:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
59:musical notes
56:
52:
48:
47:music tracker
40:
36:
32:
19:
2654:
2646:
2632:Indie design
2586:Outsider art
2550:Microbrewery
2493:
2283:Professional
2259:Amateur film
2179:
2167:Pirate radio
2140:Record label
2078:
1976:
1971:Illiac Suite
1969:
1963:Compositions
1751:Programs and
1723:Barry Vercoe
1703:Curtis Roads
1638:Marc Battier
1521:
1503:
1497:. Retrieved
1493:the original
1486:
1476:
1464:. Retrieved
1460:
1450:
1438:. Retrieved
1434:
1424:
1412:. Retrieved
1408:
1398:
1386:. Retrieved
1382:
1373:
1361:. Retrieved
1357:
1348:
1336:. Retrieved
1332:
1322:
1311:. Retrieved
1307:
1298:
1287:
1278:
1264:
1252:. Retrieved
1248:the original
1243:
1234:
1222:. Retrieved
1213:
1205:
1198:. Retrieved
1193:
1184:
1164:
1152:. Retrieved
1148:
1139:
1128:. Retrieved
1124:the original
1113:
1102:. Retrieved
1087:
1080:
1068:. Retrieved
1049:
1042:
1022:
1015:
938:module files
935:
931:
928:
921:
905:
897:
878:
870:
859:
856:
834:
823:
815:
798:Commodore 64
791:
784:
774:
748:
742:
736:
730:
724:
717:
705:
682:Jeskola Buzz
680:
668:
645:
617:audio mixing
614:
595:
571:
556:
547:
524:
486:
478:Commodore 64
462:NoiseTracker
444:
371:MilkyTracker
361:Jeskola Buzz
217:Commodore 64
190:
102:
90:synthesizers
86:module files
83:
50:
46:
44:
2664:Maker Faire
2605:(wrestling)
2545:Homebrewing
2471:development
2466:Indie games
2458:Video games
2448:Warez scene
2357:'80s–
2254:Home movies
2187:Lo-fi music
2108:Small press
2086:conventions
1845:TidalCycles
1810:Music Mouse
1753:instruments
1683:Gérard Pape
1678:Max Mathews
1673:Paul Lansky
1528:. pp.
1409:Music Radar
1379:"Dirtywave"
974:Overdubbing
868:of a note.
853:Module file
847:Terminology
794:sound chips
707:Bejeweled 2
474:Yamaha CX5M
397:Demosceners
313:Scene World
297:Mod Archive
232:Amstrad CPC
227:ZX Spectrum
186:Module file
75:hexadecimal
2684:Categories
2658:(magazine)
2476:developers
2342:Golden Age
2320:Mumblecore
1930:Techniques
1648:David Cope
1499:2010-05-17
1483:"Mod love"
1313:2023-10-12
1200:11 January
1130:2011-01-29
1104:2014-09-13
1007:References
881:portamento
851:See also:
755:Protracker
577:line from
550:April 2022
534:improve it
341:Protracker
2700:Demoscene
2641:DIY ethic
2598:Indie RPG
2581:Naïve art
2566:Indie art
2423:Demoscene
2310:Indiewood
2274:Machinima
2080:Doujinshi
2067:Minicomic
1866:Bell Labs
1830:Riffusion
1825:Radiodrum
1815:Pure Data
1488:Salon.com
1383:Dirtywave
1177:AY-3-8912
1169:Commodore
1149:TechWorld
909:polyphony
889:retrigger
699:text mode
606:wavetable
585:Quality (
538:verifying
455:shareware
305:Magazines
292:Scene.org
171:Demogroup
161:Demoparty
123:Demoscene
105:demoscene
69:changes,
67:parameter
2576:Mail art
2511:ROM hack
2488:Fan game
2483:Homebrew
2406:Software
2269:Fan film
2145:Netlabel
2091:printers
2055:business
2050:Webcomic
1835:Sonic Pi
1577:Archived
1466:27 April
1440:27 April
1435:Engadget
1414:27 April
1388:27 April
1363:27 April
1338:27 April
1254:29 March
1224:29 March
1154:29 March
968:See also
924:measures
915:out, or
893:arpeggio
830:sequence
826:Eurorack
819:Game Boy
812:Hardware
579:Creative
460:such as
327:Software
284:Websites
271:Revision
256:Assembly
240:Current
212:Atari ST
146:Chiptune
138:Concepts
63:channels
2620:General
2367:Z movie
2359:present
2337:B movie
2247:Amateur
2197:Podsafe
2162:Station
2062:Webtoon
2045:Fanzine
2027:Reading
1820:MUSIC-N
1800:Max/MSP
1718:Trimpin
1713:The Hub
1569:Notacon
917:release
885:vibrato
866:sustain
781:OpenMPT
777:Renoise
769:Renoise
759:AmigaOS
732:Deus Ex
656:DirectX
654:, like
625:OctaMED
532:Please
492:samples
366:Renoise
336:OpenMPT
242:parties
191:Tracker
181:Diskmag
166:Effects
115:History
71:effects
51:tracker
35:OpenMPT
2648:Doujin
2530:Drinks
2494:Doujin
2180:Doujin
2072:Co-ops
1876:CEMAMu
1859:Places
1775:Csound
1631:People
1543:
1289:GitHub
1095:
1061:
1030:
891:, and
862:sample
806:SunVox
750:Uplink
727:series
725:Unreal
712:Skaven
610:sample
476:) and
458:clones
381:SunVox
222:MS-DOS
2559:Other
2239:Video
2182:music
2157:Radio
2123:Audio
2096:shops
1901:IRCAM
1871:CCRMA
1780:FAUST
1760:ChucK
1530:37–38
900:Amiga
802:PC-98
496:Paula
451:Amiga
207:Amiga
176:Compo
156:Intro
2655:Make
2527:Food
2496:soft
2347:'50s
1896:ICMA
1891:ICEM
1850:UPIC
1790:Kyma
1785:HMSL
1765:Cmix
1541:ISBN
1468:2024
1442:2023
1416:2023
1390:2023
1365:2023
1340:2023
1256:2023
1226:2023
1202:2017
1156:2023
1093:ISBN
1072:2014
1059:ISBN
1028:ISBN
960:and
913:fade
873:note
800:and
747:and
675:OPL3
673:and
671:OPL2
664:ASIO
608:(or
500:8SVX
318:Hugi
151:Demo
94:MIDI
79:song
2501:Mod
1921:IEM
1173:SID
1171:'s
954:S3M
950:MED
946:MOD
837:USB
702:GUI
660:WDM
648:MMX
621:CPU
536:by
489:PCM
470:MSX
2686::
1563::
1539:.
1537:58
1534:50
1532:,
1502:.
1485:.
1459:.
1433:.
1407:.
1381:.
1356:.
1331:.
1306:.
1286:.
1242:.
1204:.
1192:.
1147:.
1057:.
1053:.
962:IT
958:XM
956:,
952:,
948:,
895:.
887:,
883:,
871:A
860:A
843:.
821:.
741:,
735:,
729:,
593:.
583:CD
111:.
100:.
45:A
2643:)
2639:(
2013:e
2006:t
1999:v
1616:e
1609:t
1602:v
1549:.
1470:.
1444:.
1418:.
1392:.
1367:.
1342:.
1316:.
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20:)
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