779:
1368:
1438:
2078:"Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Aloe Andongensis Extract, Aloe Andongensis Leaf Juice, Aloe Arborescens Leaf Extract, Aloe Arborescens Leaf Juice, Aloe Arborescens Leaf Protoplasts, Aloe Barbadensis Flower Extract, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Juice, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Polysaccharides, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Water, Aloe Ferox Leaf Extract, Aloe Ferox Leaf Juice, and Aloe Ferox Leaf Juice Extract"
1498:
62:
508:
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44:
1426:
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recommended, as they allow good drainage. Terra cotta pots are preferable as they are porous. Potted plants should be allowed to completely dry before rewatering. When potted, aloes can become crowded with "pups" growing from the sides of the "mother plant". Plants that have become crowded can be divided and repotted to allow room for further growth, or the pups can be left with the mother plant. During winter,
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In pots, the species requires well-drained, sandy potting soil, and bright, sunny conditions. Aloe plants can turn red from sunburn under too much direct sun, though gradual acclimation may help. The use of a good-quality commercial propagation mix or packaged "cacti and succulent mix" is
965:
The species was introduced to China and various parts of southern Europe in the 17th century. It is widely naturalized elsewhere, occurring in arid, temperate, and tropical regions of temperate continents. The current distribution may be the result of cultivation.
1240:
juice is marketed to support the health of the digestive system, but there is neither scientific evidence nor regulatory approval for this claim. The extracts and quantities typically used for such purposes are associated with toxicity in a dose-dependent way.
498:
Oral ingestion of aloe vera extracts can be dangerous, because it causes reactions which are not yet fully understood. It is especially dangerous for pregnant women. Some people have allergic reactions, even when the aloe vera is applied only to the skin.
1281:
to products such as makeup, tissues, moisturizers, soaps, sunscreens, incense, shaving cream, or shampoos. A review of academic literature notes that its inclusion in many hygiene products is due to its "moisturizing emollient effect".
3190:
Stoørsrud S, Ponteén I, Simreén M. A pilot study of the effect of Aloe barbadensis Mill. Extract (AVH200®) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis.
1437:
2413:
King GK, Yates KM, Greenlee PG, Pierce KR, Ford CR, McAnalley BH, Tizard IR (1995). "The effect of
Acemannan Immunostimulant in combination with surgery and radiation therapy on spontaneous canine and feline fibrosarcomas".
1000:
and for its interesting flowers, form, and succulence. This succulence enables the species to survive in areas of low natural rainfall, making it ideal for rockeries and other low water-use gardens. The species is hardy in
2346:
Treutlein J, Smith GF, van Wyk BE, Wink W (2003). "Phylogenetic relationships in
Asphodelaceae (Alooideae) inferred from chloroplast DNA sequences (rbcl, matK) and from genomic finger-printing (ISSR)".
1037:
may become dormant, during which little moisture is required. In areas that receive frost or snow, the species is best kept indoors or in heated glasshouses. Houseplants requiring similar care include
3181:
Langmead L, Feakins RM, Goldthorpe S, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral aloe vera gel for active ulcerative colitis. Aliment
Pharmacol Ther. 2004;19(7):739-747.15043514
1052:
in
Australia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, China, Mexico, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa, Spain, and the United States, with much of the output going toward the cosmetics industry.
2285:
Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas.
1291:
3124:
1132:, beverages, and some desserts, but at high or prolonged doses, ingesting aloe latex or whole leaf extract can be toxic. Use of topical aloe vera in small amounts is likely to be safe.
2850:
3376:
1618:
3290:"Chemicals Listed Effective December 4, 2015, as Known to the State of California to Cause Cancer: Aloe Vera, Non-Decolorized Whole Leaf Extract, and Goldenseal Root Powder"
3010:
1729:"Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activities and Pharmacological Applications of Acemannan, a Polysaccharide from Aloe vera: A Review"
4034:
1103:
is effective as a treatment for wounds or burns. There is some evidence that topical use of aloe products might relieve symptoms of certain skin disorders, such as
805:
The leaves are thick and fleshy, green to grey-green, with some varieties showing white flecks on their upper and lower stem surfaces. The margin of the leaf is
4099:
942:
However, it has been widely cultivated around the world, and has become naturalized in North Africa, as well as Sudan and neighboring countries, along with the
2077:
1306:
2594:
1312:
Use of aloe vera on the skin is generally not associated with significant side effects. Oral ingestion of aloe vera is potentially toxic, and may cause
1277:
where it is promoted as a moisturizer and anti-irritant to reduce chafing of the nose. Cosmetic companies commonly add sap or other derivatives from
4343:
3982:
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1214:
occurring at some dose levels both when ingested and when applied topically. Although toxicity may be less when aloin is removed by processing,
4223:
3676:
3625:
3219:
Food Drug
Administration, HHS (2002). "Status of certain additional over-the-counter drug category II and III active ingredients. Final rule".
2254:
4161:
3043:
457:, but also grows wild in tropical, semi-tropical, and arid climates around the world. It is cultivated for commercial products, mainly as a
778:
2585:
2552:
1394:
3362:
3170:
2320:
Darokar MP, Rai R, Gupta AK, Shasany AK, Rajkumar S, Sunderasan V, Khanuja SP (2003). "Molecular assessment of germplasm diversity in
2838:
863:
The flowers are produced in summer on a spike up to 90 cm (35 in) tall, each flower being pendulous, with a yellow tubular
3098:
2508:
3014:
2966:
1367:
4464:
4454:
3749:
1088:, and dry skin. Aloe latex is used individually or manufactured as a product with other ingredients to be ingested for relief of
4369:
4117:
4021:
4078:
2714:
4387:
4202:
4065:
3084:
461:
treatment used over centuries. The species is considered attractive for decorative purposes, and is often used indoors as a
1443:
Diagram of leaf: 1 Cuticle, 2 Chloroplast parenchym, 3 Inner tissue, 4 Vascular bundles
3289:
2452:
Eshun K, He Q (2004). "Aloe vera: a valuable ingredient for the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries—a review".
1203:
4330:
4249:
4047:
3868:
3832:
3686:
2014:
1022:
2692:
495:, including skin lotions, cosmetics, ointments and gels for minor burns, skin abrasions, insect bites, and windburn.
747:(Yemen), Somalia, and Sudan. The lack of obvious natural populations of the species has led some authors to suggest
4395:
4236:
2599:
2144:
4104:
1005:
8–11, and is intolerant of heavy frost and snow. The species is relatively resistant to most insect pests, though
4073:
2116:
1497:
702:
4400:
1252:
is used in traditional medicine as a skin treatment. Early records of its use appear from the fourth millennium
1179:
Two small studies found positive effects vs placebo for ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
4241:
2812:
1485:
3959:
1871:. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, US National Institutes of Health. 1 October 2020
1705:
657:
196:
61:
3964:
3938:
2748:
3933:
3765:
3707:
793:
is a stemless or very short-stemmed plant growing to 60–100 centimetres (24–39 inches) tall, spreading by
3873:
3850:
2651:
Gideon F Smith, Estrela
Figueiredo (2009). "Aloe arborescens Mill. and Aloe Vera spreading in Portugal".
1379:
4361:
4000:
3615:
3504:
3422:
3337:
1195:
1026:
996:
has been widely grown as an ornamental plant. The species is popular with modern gardeners as a topical
908:
175:
2174:
4140:
3894:
3702:
3594:
3574:
3464:
2884:
2727:
1943:
1258:
939:
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1461:
1425:
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1473:
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2477:
2364:
2108:
2049:
1164:
1073:
597:
458:
204:
56:
2173:
Germplasm
Resources Information Network, United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from
4039:
3013:. DominicanToday.com—The Dominican Republic News Source in English. 7 July 2006. Archived from
2262:
4174:
3881:
3666:
3620:
3454:
3263:
3228:
3166:
2710:
2534:
2504:
2469:
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2232:
2205:
2100:
1969:
1827:
1809:
1768:
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1700:
1116:
927:
719:
454:
4277:
3737:
3635:
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3432:
3255:
2988:
2664:
2656:
2461:
2423:
2356:
2092:
2041:
2032:
Liao Z, Chen M, Tan F, Sun X, Tang K (2004). "Microprogagation of endangered
Chinese aloe".
1959:
1951:
1817:
1799:
1758:
1740:
1329:
1313:
979:
959:
864:
752:
547:
440:
376:
4179:
3951:
3311:
2603:
2560:
1509:
4148:
3579:
3427:
3417:
3029:
2854:
1230:. Chronic ingestion of aloe (dose of 1 gram per day) may cause adverse effects, including
1085:
997:
951:
931:
794:
783:
526:
450:
424:
99:
3803:
3102:
1449:
3925:
3814:
1947:
1072:– are used to manufacture commercial products. Aloe gel typically is used to make
4215:
4210:
4192:
3549:
3246:
Bottenberg MM, Wall GC, Harvey RL, Habib S (2007). "Oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis".
2958:
1964:
1931:
1822:
1787:
1763:
1728:
1727:
Liu, Chang; Cui, Yan; Pi, Fuwei; Cheng, Yuliang; Guo, Yahui; Qian, He (19 April 2019).
1586:
1551:
1301:
Since 2016, aloe vera whole leaf extract is classified as a possible human carcinogen (
1219:
1002:
943:
725:
142:
86:
43:
2906:
1413:
4449:
4443:
3712:
3554:
3479:
3085:"Córdoba is the Spanish province with more aloe vera crops (translated from Spanish)"
1535:
1341:
1302:
1274:
836:
816:
707:
669:
645:
192:
132:
112:
3275:
2678:
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507:
4426:
4290:
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1211:
1089:
1014:
806:
731:
713:
462:
4335:
3886:
3824:
1955:
3837:
3070:
4086:
4008:
3797:
3640:
1515:
1006:
824:
698:
693:
637:
122:
4321:
4254:
2626:
1171:, difficulty with breathing, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.
3732:
3722:
3599:
3589:
3529:
3494:
3489:
3292:. California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. 4 December 2015
2660:
2465:
2427:
2096:
2045:
1745:
1581:
1333:
1295:
947:
828:
4130:
2383:
Landscape Plants for Dry
Regions: More Than 600 Species from Around the World
1988:
1813:
1754:
1206:
banned it because manufacturers failed to provide the necessary safety data.
3920:
3907:
3727:
3499:
3459:
3449:
3354:
1804:
1345:
1231:
1227:
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840:
473:
447:
4413:
4267:
3788:
3267:
3232:
2538:
2473:
2236:
2209:
2104:
1973:
1831:
1772:
985:
4153:
4052:
3163:
Aloes: The genus Aloe (Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles
2435:
1614:
4408:
4315:
4262:
4112:
3860:
3782:
3671:
3650:
3569:
3539:
3444:
3412:
3312:"IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans"
1353:
1337:
1317:
1290:
Orally ingested non-decolorized aloe vera leaf extract was listed by the
1223:
1199:
844:
583:
481:
17:
3974:
2553:"World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew"
1868:
974:
915:
that allows the plant better access to mineral nutrients from the soil.
4348:
4125:
3987:
3584:
3524:
3484:
3439:
3397:
2368:
1891:
1386:
1349:
1298:
or reproductive toxicity", possibly resulting from the anthraquinones.
1156:
1021:
species may cause a decline in plant health. This plant has gained the
955:
832:
744:
427:
4013:
3259:
3201:
2669:
1677:
958:
region of Portugal, and in wild areas across Spain, especially in the
763:
3845:
3717:
3474:
1144:
1129:
852:
848:
820:
4374:
3759:
2360:
2627:"Exotic naturalized flora of continental Portugal – A reassessment"
4026:
3912:
3564:
3407:
1187:
1168:
1069:
1042:
1018:
984:
973:
777:
762:
558:
506:
477:
431:
73:
4166:
2501:
Botanica's Pocket Gardening Encyclopedia for Australian Gardeners
1155:
product for use on skin as a topical medication. For people with
3899:
3469:
1112:
1108:
1077:
935:
517:
435:
152:
3763:
3358:
3099:"US Farms, Inc. – A Different Kind of Natural Resource Company"
2287:
Vol. 2 pp. , 561–1200, , . Holmiae : Impensis Laurentii Salvii.
3202:"Aloe Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database"
1932:"Aloe vera: A review of toxicity and adverse clinical effects"
1253:
1148:
1125:
1065:
684:
415:
403:
476:, which can be used for topical purposes. Aloe skin contains
2965:. Gardening Australia, Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
2196:
Wang H, Li F, Wang T, Li J, Li J, Yang X, Li J (2004). "".
1292:
California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
406:
394:
388:
2151:. Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève
1218:
ingested in high amounts may induce side effects, such as
620:
Lam. Some literature identifies the white-spotted form of
382:
697:, a species endemic to Yemen. Similar techniques, using
2999:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 6 December 2005.
2851:
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
2749:"Aloe vera (Linnaeus) Burman f., Fl. Indica. 83. 1768."
1076:
for skin conditions, such as burns, wounds, frostbite,
705:
profiling have also suggested it is closely related to
3046:. Jamaica Gleaner, jamaica-gleaner.com. Archived from
1936:
J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev
472:
contain significant amounts of the polysaccharide gel
1320:
which in turn can decrease the absorption of drugs.
1190:, a compound found in the semi-liquid latex of some
1092:. Aloe latex may be obtained in a dried form called
412:
400:
385:
4301:
3772:
3695:
3659:
3608:
3390:
1619:
Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International
379:
1786:Surjushe, Amar; Vasani, Resham; Saple, Dg (2008).
1202:products in the United States until 2002 when the
926:is considered to be native only to the south-east
735:. With the exception of the South African species
3030:"India experiments with farming medicinal plants"
2303:The Cactus and Succulent Journal of Great Britain
439:. It is widely distributed, and is considered an
2076:Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (2007).
1234:, weight loss, and cardiac or kidney disorders.
1099:There is conflicting evidence regarding whether
1048:There is large-scale agricultural production of
2883:. Missouri Botanic Gardens, USA. Archived from
2385:. California Bill's Automotive Publishers. USA.
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
525:, meaning "bitter and shiny substance" or from
491:There are many products containing aloe vera's
3133:Mill. and its hybrids), folii succus siccatus"
2625:Domingues de Almeida, J & Freitas (2006).
2580:
2578:
2454:Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
819:under study for possible bioactivity, such as
3370:
3138:. European Medicines Agency. 22 November 2016
1136:Topical medication and potential side effects
8:
3071:"Kenya: Imported Gel Hurts Aloe Vera Market"
2341:
2339:
2261:. Huntington Botanic Gardens. Archived from
538:
529:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3129:Mill. and on Aloe (various species, mainly
3011:"Korea interested in Dominican 'aloe vera'"
2934:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2707:Cultivation of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops
2013:Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (1879).
1307:International Agency for Research on Cancer
573:with a region of its distribution, such as
3760:
3377:
3363:
3355:
2943:. DK Penguin Random House. pp. 38–39.
2705:Farooqi, A. A. and Sreeramu, B. S. (2001)
2595:World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
2297:Newton LE (1979). "In defense of the name
42:
31:
2668:
1963:
1821:
1803:
1762:
1744:
1128:is used commercially as an ingredient in
2447:
2445:
2395:
2393:
2391:
1930:Guo, Xiaoqing; Mei, Nan (2 April 2016).
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1328:Ingested aloe products may have adverse
2777:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2139:
2137:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1556:L. Burm.f. Fl. Indica : 83 (1768)"
1528:
1363:
1294:among "chemicals known to the state to
1175:Digestive system inflammation reduction
1115:, but topical application may cause an
3101:. resourceinvestor.com. Archived from
3044:"Harnessing the potential of our aloe"
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1863:
1861:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1597:
2952:
2950:
2525:Gong M.; Wang F.; Chen Y (2002). "".
2248:
2246:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1546:
1544:
656:, and was described again in 1768 by
644:. The species was first described by
7:
4141:88686aff-53ca-4663-9ea7-4855da0430a0
3341:U.S. National Plant Germplasm System
2324:spp. using RAPD and AFLP analysis".
2149:, African flowering plants database"
2034:Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture
1993:Balashon - Hebrew Language Detective
1330:interactions with prescription drugs
1194:species, was a common ingredient in
847:, and other anthraquinones, such as
3028:Varma, Vaibhav (11 December 2005).
2957:Coleby-Williams, J (21 June 2008).
2877:"Kemper Center for Home Gardening:
989:Aloe vera plant with mite infection
539:
530:
4401:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60476901-2
2819:. British Broadcasting Corporation
2730:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2016
1324:Interactions with prescribed drugs
676:some ten days after Burman in the
25:
2693:"Aloe Vera Cultivation in Murcia"
2503:. Random House Publishers. 2001.
954:. It has also naturalized in the
691:is relatively closely related to
4242:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:530017-1
3750:List of plants used in herbalism
3338:"Taxon: Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f."
3069:Mburu, Solomon (2 August 2007).
2969:from the original on 6 July 2008
2793:. Mayo Clinic. 17 September 2017
2171:"Taxon: Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f."
1699:Perkins, Cyndi (13 March 2013).
1508:
1496:
1484:
1472:
1460:
1448:
1436:
1424:
1412:
1393:
1378:
1366:
521:is derived from the Arabic word
375:
60:
2993:producer signs $ 3m China deal"
2941:How Not to Kill Your Houseplant
1987:Curwin, David (16 March 2008).
1256:. It is also written of in the
51:Plant with flower detail inset
4460:Flora of the Arabian Peninsula
3087:. ABC-Córdoba. 23 August 2015.
1562:. World flora Consortium. 2022
1332:, such as those used to treat
1:
2381:Jones WD, Sacamano C. (2000)
1956:10.1080/10590501.2016.1166826
1894:. Online Etymology Dictionary
1792:Indian Journal of Dermatology
1680:. Drugs.com. 30 December 2020
1210:has potential toxicity, with
1163:, skin reactions may include
1204:Food and Drug Administration
703:inter simple sequence repeat
701:DNA sequence comparison and
3314:. World Health Organization
3191:2015;24(3):275-280.26405698
3161:Reynolds, Tom (Ed.) (2004)
2939:Peerless, Veronica (2017).
1788:"Aloe vera: A short review"
1701:"Is Aloe a tropical plant?"
1023:Royal Horticultural Society
809:and has small white teeth.
4481:
2600:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2403:. Harper Collins Australia
2223:Gao W, Xiao P (1997). "".
2021:. Perseus Digital Library.
1348:-lowering agents (such as
1096:or as "aloe dried juice".
767:Spotted forms, also named
632:; and the spotted form of
488:usually only use the gel.
3746:
3385:Medicinal herbs and fungi
2709:. Orient Longman, India.
2661:10.25223/brad.n27.2009.a4
2466:10.1080/10408690490424694
2428:10.5326/15473317-31-5-439
2225:Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi
2097:10.1080/10915810701351186
1746:10.3390/molecules24081554
1587:Dictionary.com Unabridged
1491:Plants of different sizes
453:, it originates from the
210:
203:
181:
174:
57:Scientific classification
55:
50:
41:
34:
1890:Harper, Douglas (2021).
1169:mild redness and itching
596:The species has several
4465:Garden plants of Africa
4455:Drought-tolerant plants
2515:Random House Australia/
2046:10.1023/a:1025868515705
1805:10.4103/0019-5154.44785
1615:"Aloe vera (true aloe)"
1536:Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.
658:Nicolaas Laurens Burman
511:Teeth on the leaf edges
443:in many world regions.
3708:Doctrine of signatures
3125:"Assessment report on
3032:. channelnewsasia.com.
2753:Flora of North America
2326:J Med. Arom. Plant Sci
990:
982:
787:
782:Historical image from
775:
743:species are native to
512:
2283:Linnaeus, C. (1753).
1143:may be prepared as a
1027:Award of Garden Merit
988:
977:
909:arbuscular mycorrhiza
781:
766:
678:Gardener's Dictionary
510:
484:. Products made from
3703:Alternative medicine
3105:on 17 September 2008
2911:AGM / RHS Gardening"
2907:"RHS Plant Selector
2557:wcsp.science.kew.org
2416:J Am Anim Hosp Assoc
2177:on 24 September 2015
1259:Juliana Anicia Codex
1245:Traditional medicine
1060:Two substances from
683:Techniques based on
315:Mill. (illegitimate)
3626:Echigoshirayukidake
3017:on 6 December 2008.
2122:on 15 December 2017
1948:2016JESHC..34...77G
1074:topical medications
687:comparison suggest
3682:Japanese herbology
3660:Regional practices
2606:on 1 November 2022
2563:on 1 November 2022
2401:Yates Garden Guide
2231:(11): 653–4, 702.
2019:A Latin Dictionary
1621:. 13 February 2019
1560:World Flora Online
1373:Leaf and inner gel
1183:Dietary supplement
1165:contact dermatitis
991:
983:
788:
776:
668:on 6 April and by
557:meaning "true" in
513:
4437:
4436:
4175:Open Tree of Life
3766:Taxon identifiers
3757:
3756:
3677:Islamic herbology
3667:Chinese herbology
3535:Purple coneflower
3260:10.1345/aph.1K132
2913:. Apps.rhs.org.uk
2845:Aloephagus myersi
2091:(Suppl 2): 1–50.
1117:allergic reaction
934:in north-eastern
928:Arabian Peninsula
720:Aloe scobinifolia
569:Common names use
455:Arabian Peninsula
366:
365:
360:
352:
351:J.Koenig ex Baker
340:
328:
316:
307:
299:
291:
278:
270:
262:
254:
246:
238:
230:
218:
16:(Redirected from
4472:
4430:
4429:
4417:
4416:
4404:
4403:
4391:
4390:
4378:
4377:
4365:
4364:
4352:
4351:
4339:
4338:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4306:
4303:Aloe perfoliata
4294:
4293:
4281:
4280:
4271:
4270:
4258:
4257:
4245:
4244:
4232:
4231:
4219:
4218:
4206:
4205:
4196:
4195:
4183:
4182:
4170:
4169:
4157:
4156:
4144:
4143:
4134:
4133:
4121:
4120:
4108:
4107:
4095:
4094:
4082:
4081:
4069:
4068:
4056:
4055:
4043:
4042:
4030:
4029:
4017:
4016:
4004:
4003:
3991:
3990:
3978:
3977:
3968:
3967:
3955:
3954:
3942:
3941:
3929:
3928:
3916:
3915:
3903:
3902:
3890:
3889:
3877:
3876:
3864:
3863:
3854:
3853:
3841:
3840:
3828:
3827:
3818:
3817:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3761:
3738:Medicinal plants
3696:Related subjects
3687:Korean herbology
3672:Indian herbology
3631:Lingzhi mushroom
3379:
3372:
3365:
3356:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3248:Ann Pharmacother
3243:
3237:
3236:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3198:
3192:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3173:
3159:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3137:
3127:Aloe barbadensis
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3095:
3089:
3088:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3073:. allafrica.com.
3066:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3050:on 24 March 2008
3040:
3034:
3033:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2954:
2945:
2944:
2936:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2853:. Archived from
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2813:"BBC Gardening,
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2779:
2756:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2724:
2718:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2672:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2631:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2602:. Archived from
2582:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2559:. Archived from
2549:
2543:
2542:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2497:
2486:
2485:
2449:
2440:
2439:
2410:
2404:
2399:Yates A. (2002)
2397:
2386:
2379:
2373:
2372:
2343:
2334:
2333:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2294:
2288:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2255:"The Definitive
2250:
2241:
2240:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2167:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2141:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2121:
2115:. Archived from
2082:
2073:
2058:
2057:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2010:
2004:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1967:
1927:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1865:
1836:
1835:
1825:
1807:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1766:
1748:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1674:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1611:
1592:
1591:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1548:
1539:
1533:
1512:
1500:
1488:
1476:
1464:
1452:
1440:
1428:
1416:
1403:, an Indonesian
1397:
1382:
1370:
1356:, among others.
1314:abdominal cramps
1196:over-the-counter
1119:in some people.
1064:– a clear
980:ornamental plant
960:region of Murcia
891: in) long.
890:
889:
885:
882:
876:
875:
871:
674:Aloe barbadensis
602:Aloe barbadensis
548:specific epithet
542:
541:
533:
532:
441:invasive species
422:
421:
418:
417:
414:
409:
408:
405:
402:
397:
396:
391:
390:
387:
384:
381:
358:
350:
338:
327:(Haw.) A. Berger
326:
314:
305:
297:
289:
276:
268:
260:
252:
244:
236:
228:
222:Aloe barbadensis
216:
214:Aloe barbadensis
187:
65:
64:
46:
32:
27:Species of plant
21:
4480:
4479:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4440:
4439:
4438:
4433:
4425:
4420:
4412:
4407:
4399:
4394:
4386:
4381:
4373:
4368:
4360:
4355:
4347:
4342:
4334:
4329:
4320:
4319:
4314:
4304:
4297:
4289:
4284:
4276:
4274:
4266:
4261:
4253:
4248:
4240:
4235:
4227:
4222:
4214:
4209:
4201:
4199:
4191:
4186:
4178:
4173:
4165:
4160:
4152:
4149:Observation.org
4147:
4139:
4137:
4129:
4124:
4116:
4111:
4103:
4098:
4090:
4085:
4077:
4072:
4064:
4059:
4051:
4046:
4038:
4033:
4025:
4020:
4012:
4007:
3999:
3994:
3986:
3981:
3973:
3971:
3963:
3958:
3950:
3945:
3937:
3932:
3924:
3919:
3911:
3906:
3898:
3893:
3885:
3880:
3872:
3867:
3859:
3857:
3849:
3844:
3836:
3831:
3823:
3821:
3813:
3811:
3802:
3801:
3796:
3787:
3786:
3781:
3768:
3758:
3753:
3742:
3691:
3655:
3616:Almond mushroom
3604:
3386:
3383:
3345:
3343:
3336:
3333:
3328:
3327:
3317:
3315:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3295:
3293:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3227:(90): 31125–7.
3218:
3217:
3213:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3160:
3151:
3141:
3139:
3135:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3068:
3067:
3063:
3053:
3051:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3009:
3008:
3004:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2956:
2955:
2948:
2938:
2937:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2890:
2888:
2875:
2874:
2870:
2860:
2858:
2857:on 12 June 2008
2837:
2836:
2832:
2822:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2781:
2780:
2759:
2755:Vol. 26, p. 411
2747:
2743:
2733:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2704:
2700:
2695:. 9 April 2015.
2691:
2690:
2686:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2609:
2607:
2584:
2583:
2576:
2566:
2564:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2511:
2499:
2498:
2489:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2389:
2380:
2376:
2361:10.2307/3647389
2345:
2344:
2337:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2282:
2278:
2268:
2266:
2265:on 25 July 2008
2252:
2251:
2244:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2154:
2152:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2085:Int. J. Toxicol
2080:
2075:
2074:
2061:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1995:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1929:
1928:
1907:
1897:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1867:
1866:
1839:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1711:
1709:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1675:
1634:
1624:
1622:
1613:
1612:
1595:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1563:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1518:
1513:
1504:
1501:
1492:
1489:
1480:
1477:
1468:
1465:
1456:
1453:
1444:
1441:
1432:
1429:
1420:
1417:
1408:
1398:
1389:
1383:
1374:
1371:
1362:
1326:
1288:
1268:
1247:
1185:
1177:
1138:
1068:and its yellow
1058:
998:medicinal plant
972:
952:Madeira Islands
932:Hajar Mountains
921:
897:
887:
883:
880:
878:
873:
869:
868:
861:
835:, polymannans,
815:leaves contain
803:
784:Acta Eruditorum
761:
650:Aloe perfoliata
610:Aloe perfoliata
594:
567:
515:The genus name
505:
425:succulent plant
411:
399:
393:
378:
374:
283:Aloe perfoliata
199:
189:
183:
170:
59:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4478:
4476:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4442:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4427:wfo-0000758653
4418:
4405:
4392:
4379:
4366:
4353:
4340:
4327:
4311:
4309:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4291:wfo-0000758976
4282:
4272:
4259:
4246:
4233:
4220:
4207:
4197:
4184:
4171:
4158:
4145:
4135:
4122:
4109:
4096:
4083:
4070:
4057:
4044:
4031:
4018:
4005:
3992:
3979:
3969:
3956:
3943:
3930:
3917:
3904:
3891:
3878:
3865:
3855:
3842:
3829:
3819:
3809:
3794:
3778:
3776:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3755:
3754:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3646:Morel mushroom
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3621:Chaga mushroom
3618:
3612:
3610:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3359:
3353:
3352:
3332:
3331:External links
3329:
3326:
3325:
3303:
3281:
3254:(10): 1740–3.
3238:
3211:
3193:
3183:
3174:
3171:978-0415306720
3149:
3116:
3090:
3076:
3061:
3035:
3020:
3002:
2980:
2946:
2924:
2898:
2887:on 27 May 2005
2868:
2830:
2804:
2757:
2741:
2719:
2698:
2684:
2643:
2617:
2574:
2544:
2529:(in Chinese).
2517:
2509:
2487:
2441:
2422:(5): 439–447.
2405:
2387:
2374:
2355:(2): 193–207.
2335:
2312:
2289:
2276:
2242:
2227:(in Chinese).
2215:
2200:(in Chinese).
2188:
2162:
2133:
2059:
2024:
2005:
1979:
1905:
1882:
1837:
1798:(4): 163–166.
1778:
1719:
1691:
1632:
1593:
1590:(Online). n.d.
1573:
1540:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1507:
1505:
1503:A potted plant
1502:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1411:
1409:
1401:Es lidah buaya
1399:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1325:
1322:
1287:
1284:
1275:facial tissues
1267:
1264:
1246:
1243:
1220:abdominal pain
1184:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1137:
1134:
1057:
1054:
971:
968:
944:Canary Islands
920:
917:
896:
893:
860:
857:
837:anthraquinones
817:phytochemicals
802:
799:
760:
757:
726:Aloe sinkatana
593:
590:
566:
563:
504:
501:
468:The leaves of
364:
363:
362:
361:
353:
341:
329:
317:
309:
308:(illegitimate)
303:Aloe variegata
300:
295:Aloe rubescens
292:
280:
279:(illegitimate)
271:
263:
255:
247:
239:
234:Aloe chinensis
231:
219:
208:
207:
201:
200:
190:
179:
178:
172:
171:
164:
162:
158:
157:
150:
146:
145:
143:Asphodeloideae
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
84:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
53:
52:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4477:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4428:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4410:
4406:
4402:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4345:
4341:
4337:
4332:
4328:
4323:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4308:
4300:
4292:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4273:
4269:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4198:
4194:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4163:
4159:
4155:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3997:
3993:
3989:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3970:
3966:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3856:
3852:
3847:
3843:
3839:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3820:
3816:
3810:
3805:
3799:
3795:
3790:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3762:
3752:
3751:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
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3555:Summer savory
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3165:. CRC Press.
3164:
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2959:"Fact Sheet:
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2839:"Pest Alert:
2834:
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1396:
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1385:Gel used for
1381:
1376:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1342:heart disease
1339:
1335:
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1323:
1321:
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1120:
1118:
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1097:
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1087:
1083:
1079:
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1071:
1067:
1063:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1015:scale insects
1012:
1008:
1004:
999:
995:
987:
981:
976:
969:
967:
963:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
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918:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
894:
892:
867:2–3 cm (
866:
858:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
831:, acetylated
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
808:
800:
798:
796:
792:
785:
780:
774:
770:
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746:
742:
738:
734:
733:
728:
727:
722:
721:
716:
715:
710:
709:
708:Aloe forbesii
704:
700:
696:
695:
690:
686:
681:
679:
675:
671:
670:Philip Miller
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
646:Carl Linnaeus
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
618:Aloe vulgaris
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
591:
589:
587:
585:
580:
576:
572:
564:
562:
560:
556:
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460:
456:
452:
449:
444:
442:
438:
437:
433:
429:
426:
420:
372:
371:
357:
356:Aloe vulgaris
354:
349:
345:
342:
337:
333:
330:
325:
321:
318:
313:
310:
304:
301:
296:
293:
288:
284:
281:
275:
274:Aloe maculata
272:
267:
264:
259:
256:
251:
248:
243:
242:Aloe elongata
240:
235:
232:
227:
223:
220:
215:
212:
211:
209:
206:
202:
198:
194:
188:
186:
180:
177:
176:Binomial name
173:
169:
168:
163:
160:
159:
156:
155:
151:
148:
147:
144:
141:
138:
137:
134:
133:Asphodelaceae
131:
128:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
87:Tracheophytes
85:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
63:
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
4302:
3773:
3748:
3590:White willow
3560:Tea tree oil
3510:Marsh-mallow
3418:Asthma-plant
3402:
3344:. Retrieved
3340:
3316:. Retrieved
3306:
3294:. Retrieved
3284:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3205:
3196:
3186:
3177:
3162:
3140:. Retrieved
3130:
3126:
3119:
3107:. Retrieved
3103:the original
3093:
3079:
3064:
3052:. Retrieved
3048:the original
3038:
3023:
3015:the original
3005:
2996:
2990:
2983:
2971:. Retrieved
2960:
2940:
2915:. Retrieved
2908:
2901:
2889:. Retrieved
2885:the original
2878:
2871:
2859:. Retrieved
2855:the original
2844:
2840:
2833:
2821:. Retrieved
2814:
2807:
2795:. Retrieved
2788:
2784:
2752:
2744:
2732:. Retrieved
2722:
2706:
2701:
2687:
2652:
2646:
2634:. Retrieved
2632:. core.ac.uk
2620:
2608:. Retrieved
2604:the original
2593:
2587:
2565:. Retrieved
2561:the original
2556:
2547:
2530:
2526:
2520:
2500:
2460:(2): 91–96.
2457:
2453:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2400:
2382:
2377:
2352:
2348:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2284:
2279:
2267:. Retrieved
2263:the original
2256:
2228:
2224:
2218:
2204:(9): 627–8.
2201:
2197:
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2175:the original
2165:
2153:. Retrieved
2146:
2124:. Retrieved
2117:the original
2088:
2084:
2040:(1): 83–86.
2037:
2033:
2027:
2018:
2008:
1996:. Retrieved
1992:
1982:
1942:(2): 77–96.
1939:
1935:
1896:. Retrieved
1885:
1873:. Retrieved
1795:
1791:
1781:
1736:
1732:
1722:
1710:. Retrieved
1704:
1694:
1682:. Retrieved
1623:. Retrieved
1585:
1576:
1564:. Retrieved
1559:
1553:
1538:Tropicos.org
1531:
1404:
1400:
1327:
1311:
1300:
1296:cause cancer
1289:
1278:
1270:
1269:
1257:
1249:
1248:
1237:
1236:
1215:
1212:side effects
1207:
1191:
1186:
1178:
1160:
1140:
1139:
1122:
1121:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1090:constipation
1061:
1059:
1049:
1047:
1034:
1031:
1007:spider mites
993:
992:
964:
938:and eastern
923:
922:
919:Distribution
904:
900:
898:
862:
851:and various
825:phytosterols
812:
811:
804:
790:
789:
772:
768:
748:
740:
736:
732:Aloe striata
730:
724:
718:
714:Aloe inermis
712:
706:
692:
688:
682:
677:
673:
666:Flora Indica
665:
661:
653:
649:
642:A. massawana
641:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
595:
582:
578:
575:Chinese aloe
574:
570:
568:
565:Common names
554:
550:
543:
537:, plural of
534:
522:
516:
514:
497:
492:
490:
485:
469:
467:
463:potted plant
445:
434:
369:
368:
367:
355:
347:
343:
335:
331:
323:
319:
311:
302:
294:
286:
282:
273:
265:
257:
249:
241:
237:(Haw.) Baker
233:
225:
221:
213:
184:
182:
167:A. vera
166:
165:
153:
106:
93:
80:
35:
29:
4087:NatureServe
4009:iNaturalist
3798:Wikispecies
3713:Herb garden
3520:Opium poppy
3433:medical use
3296:21 February
2728:"Aloe vera"
2610:19 November
2155:19 November
1998:16 December
1869:"Aloe vera"
1739:(8): 1554.
1712:13 February
1582:"aloe vera"
1566:16 December
1467:Flower buds
1334:blood clots
1273:is used on
1266:Commodities
1262:of 512 CE.
970:Cultivation
899:Like other
829:polyphenols
759:Description
699:chloroplast
694:Aloe perryi
648:in 1753 as
638:conspecific
606:Aloe indica
553:comes from
266:Aloe lanzae
258:Aloe indica
139:Subfamily:
123:Asparagales
100:Angiosperms
4444:Categories
4375:60476901-2
4216:kew-298116
4211:Plant List
3733:Homeopathy
3723:Herbal tea
3575:Umckaloabo
3550:Star anise
3530:Peppermint
3495:Lemon balm
3490:Goldenseal
3423:Astragalus
3221:Fed Regist
3142:29 January
3131:Aloe ferox
2797:21 January
2715:8173712514
2670:2263/14380
2655:. bioone.
2567:7 December
2533:(1): 1–3.
1625:15 October
1523:References
1407:iced drink
1151:, soap or
1086:cold sores
1011:mealy bugs
948:Cape Verde
841:glycosides
751:may be of
737:A. striata
348:littoralis
250:Aloe flava
4193:Aloe vera
4118:Aloe~vera
3965:200027555
3952:Aloe vera
3939:200027555
3921:FloraBase
3851:aloe-vera
3804:Aloe vera
3774:Aloe vera
3728:Herbalism
3500:Liquorice
3460:Fenugreek
3455:Chaparral
3450:Chamomile
3403:Aloe vera
3206:Drugs.com
2991:Aloe vera
2909:Aloe vera
2879:Aloe vera
2841:Aloe vera
2815:Aloe vera
2789:Aloe vera
2734:10 August
2588:Aloe vera
2299:Aloe vera
2257:Aloe vera
2253:Lyons G.
2147:Aloe vera
1814:0019-5154
1755:1420-3049
1733:Molecules
1554:Aloe vera
1405:Aloe vera
1354:diuretics
1346:potassium
1305:) by the
1279:Aloe vera
1271:Aloe vera
1250:Aloe vera
1238:Aloe vera
1232:hematuria
1228:hepatitis
1216:Aloe vera
1208:Aloe vera
1161:Aloe vera
1157:allergies
1153:cosmetics
1141:Aloe vera
1123:Aloe vera
1105:psoriasis
1101:Aloe vera
1082:psoriasis
1062:Aloe vera
1050:Aloe vera
1039:haworthia
1035:Aloe vera
994:Aloe vera
924:Aloe vera
913:symbiosis
911:, a root
905:Aloe vera
903:species,
845:anthrones
813:Aloe vera
791:Aloe vera
773:chinensis
769:Aloe vera
749:Aloe vera
689:Aloe vera
662:Aloe vera
634:Aloe vera
630:chinensis
626:Aloe vera
622:Aloe vera
579:Cape aloe
503:Etymology
493:acemannan
486:Aloe vera
480:which is
474:acemannan
470:Aloe vera
451:perennial
448:evergreen
370:Aloe vera
344:Aloe vera
332:Aloe vera
324:chinensis
320:Aloe vera
312:Aloe vera
226:chinensis
185:Aloe vera
161:Species:
70:Kingdom:
36:Aloe vera
18:True aloe
4414:18404145
4409:Tropicos
4322:Q9606827
4316:Wikidata
4268:18403421
4263:Tropicos
4113:NSWFlora
4092:2.147299
4040:10589155
4027:530017-1
3858:BioLib:
3783:Wikidata
3651:Shiitake
3580:Valerian
3570:Turmeric
3540:Rosemary
3505:Marigold
3470:Flaxseed
3465:Feverfew
3445:Cardamom
3428:Cannabis
3413:Borututu
3318:27 April
3276:25553593
3268:17726067
3233:12001972
2997:ABC News
2967:Archived
2717:. p. 25.
2679:82872880
2653:Bradleya
2539:12583231
2482:21241302
2474:15116756
2309:: 29–30.
2259:, vera?"
2237:11243179
2210:15704580
2113:86018076
2105:17613130
2054:41623664
1974:26986231
1832:19882025
1773:31010204
1431:Cut leaf
1387:desserts
1338:diabetes
1318:diarrhea
1303:group 2B
1286:Toxicity
1224:diarrhea
1200:laxative
807:serrated
755:origin.
739:, these
612:L. var.
598:synonyms
592:Taxonomy
584:Barbados
205:Synonyms
129:Family:
113:Monocots
4349:2777739
4278:5788823
4167:1492140
4126:NTFlora
4074:MoBotPF
3988:2777724
3900:1085598
3641:Meshima
3636:Maitake
3600:Za'atar
3585:Verbena
3525:Oregano
3485:Ginseng
3440:Caraway
3398:Alfalfa
3346:8 March
3109:19 July
3054:19 July
2917:9 April
2891:11 July
2861:11 July
2823:11 July
2636:16 July
2436:8542364
2369:3647389
2269:11 July
2181:16 July
2015:"vērus"
1965:6349368
1944:Bibcode
1823:2763764
1764:6515206
1479:Flowers
1360:Gallery
1352:), and
1350:Digoxin
1130:yogurts
956:Algarve
930:in the
886:⁄
872:⁄
865:corolla
859:Flowers
853:lectins
833:mannans
821:lignans
795:offsets
745:Socotra
636:may be
608:Royle,
604:Mill.,
459:topical
430:of the
428:species
423:) is a
306:Forssk.
277:Forssk.
197:Burm.f.
149:Genus:
119:Order:
74:Plantae
4388:185466
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