36:
2310:
155:
399:
clarified Lack's statement in her
January 23 press briefing, saying "would the U.S. Government put those three in the same category? No, we wouldn't. However, there are concerns...that Russia's own independent media space is shrinking and the Kremlin continues to apply pressure on the few remaining
466:. By law, no more than four members could be from the same political party, in an effort to limit partisanship. The president designated one member (other than the Secretary of State) to serve as Chairman. The Board served as a "firewall" against political interference in the journalistic product.
473:
on
December 23, 2016 the agency was placed under the direction of a single CEO. The board, officially renamed as the International Broadcasting Advisory Board, was reduced to five members appointed by the president to serve in an advisory role. Previously appointed board members in excess of five
649:
President Biden's budget request for 2023 includes $ 840 million for USAGM, which the Agency says will enable them to continue their "vital mission to inform, engage, and connect people around the world in support of freedom and democracy." This is an increase of $ 29.6 million from the 2022
419:
law firm to investigate USAGM employees and the OTF at a cost of over $ 2 million in the last quarter of 2020, bypassing US government investigators including USAGM's own Office of Human
Resources, and called for further investigation of what it termed a gross misuse of taxpayer dollars.
1578:
670:
magazine, BBG's Public
Affairs Director responded to the controversy, stating "the BBG 'firewall' served to protect the integrity and credibility of our journalistic products. An official policy statement by a senior management official of the agency is not a journalistic product."
478:, who had been selected and approved in 2015 by the BBG Board holding a Democratic majority during the Obama administration, was not nominated by President Obama nor confirmed by the Republican-controlled U.S. Senate, as this was not required under previous legislation.
474:
could continue to serve, but would not be replaced when their term expired. Under the 2016 reform legislation, any new agency CEO is to be nominated by the U.S. president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate with authority to select key agency personnel. Former USAGM CEO
294:, a journalist and writer, began the VOA's first radio show by saying "We bring you voices from America. Today, and daily from now on, we shall speak to you about America and the War. The news may be good for us. The news may be bad. But we shall tell you the truth."
701:
in August 2010 citing "longstanding concerns regarding transparency and effectiveness of our taxpayer funded international broadcasting agencies under the purview of the
Broadcasting Board of Governors." Though a report on BBG was eventually given to the
630:
sided with the BBG agreeing to language that the organization would "expand unrestricted access to information on the
Internet." The BBG received $ 10 million from Congress for the purpose of fighting Internet censorship in China and other countries.
1570:
1544:
696:
also attempted to use the nominations to force a hearing on the BBG after frustrations with a perceived lack of congressional oversight over the organization. Coburn had written an open letter to then–Senate
Minority Leader
354:, a Persian-language radio program targeting youth. In 2006, VOA initiated TV Ashna, a one-hour televised news broadcast, and Radio Deewa, a daily radio program of sports, music, and local and international news.
719:, referred to the BBG as the "propaganda arm" of the U.S. government and speculated that its alleged role in spreading propaganda on behalf of the U.S. government was the reason Shell was denied entry to Russia.
2540:
1247:
485:
to head the agency. He was confirmed by the Senate two years later, and served from June 5, 2020 until
January 20, 2021, when he was asked to resign at the request of newly-inaugurated President
1533:
906:
2545:
1430:
840:
1960:
1337:
470:
379:
378:
The board of USAGM has an advisory role. It previously supervised USAGM media networks directly, but was replaced with a single appointed chief executive officer (CEO) as part of the
324:
In 2004, Alhurra TV was created as a televised sister network to Radio Sawa and began broadcasting throughout the Middle East. Since its founding, it has established programs such as
492:
President Biden then nominated Amanda
Bennett for CEO. She received bipartisan confirmation from the U.S. Senate in September 2022 and was sworn into the position in December 2022.
2368:
1368:
392:(OTF), launched in 2019, works to advance internet freedom, so USAGM journalists and audiences can have uncensored internet access. Over 2 billion people worldwide use OTF daily.
231:. The act established a bipartisan board that consisted of nine voting members, eight of whom were to be appointed by the president for a three–year term. The ninth was the
1308:
1221:
88:
1768:"U.S. Broadcasting Board Governor Norman Pattiz to Address Nation's Talk Radio Hosts About Middle East Broadcasting Pattiz To Receive NARTSH Freedom of Speech Award for 2002"
703:
2082:
945:
180:
2550:
2535:
2525:
1608:
2530:
1510:
446:, a journalist and Pulitzer Prize-winning author, received bipartisan confirmation by the U.S. Senate to become CEO. Bennett was sworn in as CEO on December 6, 2022.
385:
In 2018, the BBG changed its name to the U.S. Agency for Global Media (USAGM). The name change was initiated to help constituents better understand what USAGM does.
2171:
1062:
692:
magazine: "The BBG is the most worthless organization in the federal government. It's full of people who know nothing about media or foreign policy." Senator
998:
412:
1243:
754:
458:. Until 2016, it was headed by a bi-partisan board with nine members; eight were appointed by the president with Senate confirmation, and the ninth member
2361:
2202:
1399:
2241:
1277:
1088:
2044:
898:
659:
1987:
872:
832:
2354:
1952:
1422:
939:
1333:
2472:
2140:
1689:
643:
368:
1360:
1300:
2486:
1630:
1036:
1767:
1217:
2401:
1797:
1534:"Protected Whistleblower Disclosure of Gross Misuse of at Least $ 2 Million in Taxpayer Dollars by the U.S. Agency for Global Media"
1012:
1004:
782:
592:
404:
344:
207:
2074:
279:
On
October 1, 1999, the BBG was established as an independent agency by the Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998.
2289:
2111:
929:
463:
98:
72:
2423:
2009:
575:
298:
199:
1843:
1745:
1600:
997:
Zollman, Florian (September 2, 2021). "The Propaganda Apparatus of the National Security State". In Ward, Stephen J.A. (ed.).
686:
to the board, with the aim of drawing attention to the organization's perceived ineffectiveness, stating in an interview with
635:
2264:
408:
228:
2467:
610:
407:, representing fired USAGM employees and whistleblowers, sent a letter to the congressional foreign affairs committees, the
1502:
1715:
2555:
1904:
350:
Other networks were also expanded under the BBG. Voice of America worked with Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty to launch
20:
2163:
454:
USAGM is led by a single chief executive officer appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the
363:, the then newly appointed CEO of the BBG, Andrew Lack, said "We are facing a number of challenges from entities like
321:, a 24/7 Arabic language radio network that broadcasts news and a mix of Western and Arabic music in the Middle East.
302:
195:
1135:
1058:
745:
that the label "causes unwarranted and unjustified concern about the accuracy and objectivity of news coverage".
2317:
1157:
1187:
2194:
35:
332:
in English), a daily three-hour news program broadcast from five countries on three different continents; and
2225:
1873:
1391:
1269:
975:
242:
2328:
1084:
1029:"22 U.S. Code § 6203 - Establishment of the Chief Executive Officer of the Broadcasting Board of Governors"
2034:
241:
board member for the duration of their term as secretary. At this point, BBG was considered a part of the
1655:
1897:"U.S. Agency for Global Media: Additional Actions Needed to Improve Oversight of Broadcasting Networks"
19:"Broadcasting Board of Governors" redirects here. For the similarly named organization in Canada, see
2460:
2286:
U.S. Agency for Global Media: Additional Actions Needed to Improve Oversight of Broadcasting Networks
639:
518:
475:
389:
211:
1983:
741:
decided to label the Voice of America's account as government-funded media, a VOA spokesperson told
731:
862:
623:
As a federal agency, USAGM's budget request is part of the president's budget request to Congress.
291:
359:
232:
2337:
2136:
1681:
2233:
1008:
935:
679:
424:
later reported that a second law firm, Caplin & Drysdale, had also been granted a similar
2389:
2322:
1838:
570:
500:
481:
In June 2018, President Trump announced his intention to nominate documentary film producer
283:
253:
191:
102:
1028:
804:
2450:
2438:
2418:
2341:
2039:
1807:
1775:
698:
587:
580:
524:
428:
in possible violation of federal contracting regulations for a total cost of $ 4 million.
425:
306:
273:
261:
203:
774:
375:. But I firmly believe that this agency has a role to play in facing those challenges."
2346:
248:
The first voting members of the BBG, confirmed on August 11, 1995, were David W. Burke,
2309:
706:, Coburn was ultimately unsuccessful in trying to block the appointments to the board.
688:
542:
506:
443:
269:
265:
257:
184:
154:
127:
282:
The Agency has five broadcasting entities that were established from 1942 - 2004. The
2519:
2443:
1829:
663:
227:
The Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) was formed in 1994 with the passing of the
340:
in English), a program that focuses on women's issues and rights in the Arab world.
2104:
1833:
1737:
627:
482:
436:
416:
364:
287:
1571:"Former Voice of America overseer hired law firms to $ 4 million no-bid contracts"
642:. This funding was frozen in June 2020 as China was preparing to introduce a new
2433:
2428:
683:
548:
536:
530:
512:
455:
351:
249:
113:
2411:
710:
693:
675:
602:
372:
318:
237:
2501:
2488:
2285:
2237:
1984:"Trump Administration Freezes Funds Intended to Benefit Hong Kong Protesters"
1896:
1711:
557:
556:
In October 2021, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) published a
1953:"Obama circumvents State Department, supports plan to give BBG $ 10 million"
1452:
1110:
658:
In February 2010, BBG Executive Director Jeff Trimble collaborated with the
486:
432:
396:
2265:"NPR quits Twitter after being falsely labeled as 'state-affiliated media'"
1061:(Report). Vol. 141. U.S. Government Publishing Office. July 20, 1995.
1244:"VOA's TV Ashna Signs 5 Year Agreement with Radio Television Afghanistan"
727:
713:, was denied entry into Russia. Matt Novak, writing for the tech website
2406:
1165:
867:
738:
715:
626:
During the federal funding dispute for the fiscal year 2011, President
597:
1477:
928:
Garner, Robert; Ferdinand, Peter; Lawson, Stephanie (March 15, 2020).
2455:
1802:
1926:
1631:"USAGM applauds bipartisan confirmation of Amanda Bennett to be CEO"
1195:
709:
In July 2016, the chairman of the Broadcasting Board of Governors,
2035:"BBC joins international protests against Iranian TV interference"
1865:
967:
1423:"Trump Arrives in Time to Gain Influence Over Broadcasting Board"
183:
that broadcasts news and information. It is considered an arm of
2394:
489:. President Biden then appointed Kelu Chao as acting USAGM CEO.
2350:
742:
435:
was appointed acting CEO of the USAGM, replacing outgoing CEO
1218:"US-Sponsored Arab TV Station Spotlights Women Others Ignore"
1601:"Biden Administration requests USAGM CEO Pack's resignation"
1334:"Technical amendments to the International Broadcasting Act"
1392:"Trump to inherit state-run TV network with expanded reach"
833:"'Most Worthless' US Government Agency May Become Trump TV"
2541:
United States federal boards, commissions, and committees
2105:"U.S. International Broadcasting - Is Anybody Listening?"
734:, a law "to protect Americans from domestic propaganda".
2303:
899:"The Ultimate Symbol of America's Diminished Soft Power"
145:
471:
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017
380:
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017
726:
reported that the Agency had targeted Americans with
2164:"NBCUniversal Executive Is Denied Entry Into Russia"
730:
ads for one of its outlets, which would violate the
235:, also a political appointee, who would serve as an
2226:"U.S.-Funded Broadcaster Directed Ads to Americans"
678:held up the Obama administration's appointments of
140:
120:
108:
94:
84:
65:
47:
42:
181:independent agency of the United States government
2546:United States government propaganda organizations
1361:"Defense Bill Would Abolish BBG Governing Board"
892:
890:
367:which is out there pushing a point of view, the
77:Office of Affiliate Relations and Media Training
2195:"Chair of US Propaganda Arm Booted From Russia"
2162:Nixon, Ron; Kramer, Andrew E. (July 13, 2016).
413:Inspector General of the US Department of State
2075:"Chaos at the Broadcasting Board of Governors"
1059:Committee Meetings for Thursday, July 20, 1995
2362:
972:United States Agency for Global Media (USAGM)
8:
666:of international satellites. In an email to
634:The agency has $ 2 million earmarked to the
28:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
1834:"Bully Pulpit - Public broadcasting abroad"
1301:"U.S. Seeking a Stronger World Media Voice"
755:Title 22 of the Code of Federal Regulations
2369:
2355:
2347:
2308:
415:. The letter said that Pack had hired the
153:
34:
1503:"Daily Press Briefing - January 23, 2015"
495:Past members of the board have included:
2551:Public broadcasting in the United States
2536:Mass media companies established in 1994
2526:1994 establishments in the United States
1895:U. S. Government Accountability Office.
662:to publish a VOA statement about Iran's
2531:Government agencies established in 1994
766:
2117:from the original on November 26, 2012
1846:from the original on November 14, 2009
1656:"Amanda Bennett sworn in as USAGM CEO"
1402:from the original on December 16, 2019
1224:from the original on November 24, 2017
27:
16:Agency of the United States government
2085:from the original on November 1, 2014
1907:from the original on February 2, 2022
1581:from the original on January 26, 2021
1550:from the original on January 21, 2021
1543:. Government Accountability Project.
1421:Clark, Charles S. (January 3, 2017).
1371:from the original on February 2, 2018
1328:
1326:
1065:from the original on February 2, 2018
897:Serhan, Yasmeen (February 23, 2021).
704:Senate Committee on Foreign Relations
165:United States Agency for Global Media
7:
2473:Worldnet Television and Film Service
2263:Folkenflik, David (April 12, 2023).
2244:from the original on January 9, 2021
2205:from the original on August 19, 2017
1990:from the original on January 6, 2021
948:from the original on October 9, 2021
827:
825:
347:, Inc (MBN) was initiated in 2005.
2047:from the original on March 29, 2020
1748:from the original on August 3, 2021
1692:from the original on March 10, 2016
1611:from the original on August 1, 2021
1390:Palmeri, Tara (December 12, 2016).
1359:Eggerton, John (December 1, 2016).
1336:. Broadcasting Board of Governors.
1311:from the original on April 17, 2016
1091:from the original on April 17, 2021
1039:from the original on April 18, 2021
909:from the original on March 27, 2022
875:from the original on March 18, 2022
843:from the original on April 11, 2019
644:national security law for Hong Kong
403:On January 19, 2021, the nonprofit
371:in the Middle East and groups like
1963:from the original on March 6, 2022
1513:from the original on March 4, 2020
1433:from the original on June 29, 2019
1280:from the original on March 9, 2021
1250:from the original on June 14, 2018
978:from the original on March 8, 2022
785:from the original on March 8, 2022
343:To oversee Arabic broadcasts, the
286:(VOA) has been in operation since
14:
2402:Middle East Broadcasting Networks
1876:from the original on June 5, 2016
1718:from the original on July 9, 2016
1662:. United States. December 9, 2022
1340:from the original on June 5, 2019
1085:"Broadcasting Board of Governors"
1033:LII / Legal Information Institute
1005:Springer International Publishing
593:Middle East Broadcasting Networks
405:Government Accountability Project
357:In a January 2015 interview with
208:Middle East Broadcasting Networks
2290:Government Accountability Office
2174:from the original on May 3, 2021
2143:from the original on May 4, 2016
1982:Perrigo, Billy (June 26, 2020).
1569:Farhi, Paul (January 25, 2021).
431:On January 20, 2021, journalist
345:Middle East Broadcasting Network
99:Wilbur J. Cohen Federal Building
73:United States Information Agency
2424:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2329:Broadcasting Board of Governors
1772:Broadcasting Board of Governors
1299:Nixon, Ron (January 21, 2015).
1137:VOA Celebrates 80th Anniversary
1000:Handbook of Global Media Ethics
576:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
299:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
200:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
173:Broadcasting Board of Governors
2224:Roose, Kevin (July 19, 2018).
2073:Rogin, Josh (April 30, 2010).
863:"U.S. Agency for Global Media"
409:U.S. Office of Special Counsel
301:(RFE/RL) went on the air. The
229:International Broadcasting Act
1:
2193:Novak, Matt (July 13, 2016).
1951:Bluey, Rob (April 11, 2011).
609:Office of Cuba Broadcasting (
515:(August 1995 – December 2008)
395:State Department Spokeswoman
2378:U.S. Agency for Global Media
2338:U.S. Agency for Global Media
1660:U.S. Agency for Global Media
560:about USAGM's organization.
29:U.S. Agency for Global Media
21:Board of Broadcast Governors
934:. Oxford University Press.
533:(July 2010 – December 2012)
382:, passed in December 2016.
309:(RFA) was founded in 1996.
305:(OCB) was started in 1985.
303:Office of Cuba Broadcasting
196:Office of Cuba Broadcasting
171:), known until 2018 as the
2572:
636:2019–20 Hong Kong protests
527:(July 2010 – January 2012)
469:Upon the enactment of the
133:Kelu Chao, Deputy Director
18:
2385:
674:Later that year, Senator
660:National Security Council
33:
2468:Radio y Televisión Martí
1507:U.S. Department of State
1365:Broadcasting & Cable
931:Introduction to Politics
611:Radio y Televisión Martí
198:as well as state-funded
2502:38.887333°N 77.017222°W
2318:Agency for Global Media
1957:The Washington Examiner
503:(May 2000 – March 2006)
243:U.S. Information Agency
2288:(October 27, 2021) by
2137:"Former BBG Governors"
551:(July 2010 – May 2014)
545:(July 2010 – May 2013)
317:In 2002, BBG launched
53:; 24 years ago
2507:38.887333; -77.017222
190:The USAGM supervises
2461:Open Technology Fund
2043:. January 14, 2010.
1607:. January 21, 2021.
1427:Government Executive
640:Open Technology Fund
519:Kenneth Y. Tomlinson
509:(August 1995 – 2002)
390:Open Technology Fund
212:Open Technology Fund
51:October 1, 1999
2556:Democracy promotion
2498: /
1866:"Susan McCue - BBG"
1832:(August 15, 2005).
1575:The Washington Post
839:. August 23, 2018.
442:In September 2022,
422:The Washington Post
292:William Harlan Hale
30:
2230:The New York Times
2168:The New York Times
1798:"Norman J. Pattiz"
1220:. April 15, 2010.
1188:"About Alhurra TV"
1158:"About Radio Sawa"
724:The New York Times
539:(June 2010 – 2013)
464:Secretary of State
360:The New York Times
233:secretary of state
66:Preceding agencies
2481:
2480:
1541:whistleblower.org
1270:"VOA Deewa Radio"
941:978-0-19-882061-1
680:Michael P. Meehan
650:requested level.
161:
160:
121:Agency executives
2563:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2390:Voice of America
2371:
2364:
2357:
2348:
2333:Federal Register
2323:Federal Register
2312:
2307:
2306:
2304:Official website
2273:
2272:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2201:. Gawker Media.
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2159:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2116:
2110:. June 9, 2010.
2109:
2101:
2095:
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2070:
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2031:
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2024:
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2020:
2006:
2000:
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1997:
1995:
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1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1839:The New Republic
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1810:on July 20, 2011
1806:. Archived from
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1774:. Archived from
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1738:"Pub.L. 114-328"
1734:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1708:
1702:
1701:
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1678:
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1671:
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1591:
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1588:
1586:
1566:
1560:
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1557:
1555:
1549:
1538:
1532:Seide, David Z.
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1490:
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1474:
1468:
1467:
1465:
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1376:
1356:
1350:
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1345:
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1318:
1316:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1246:. June 1, 2011.
1240:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1194:. Archived from
1184:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1168:on June 18, 2016
1164:. Archived from
1154:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1081:
1075:
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1072:
1070:
1055:
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1044:
1025:
1019:
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994:
988:
987:
985:
983:
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925:
919:
918:
916:
914:
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885:
884:
882:
880:
859:
853:
852:
850:
848:
829:
820:
819:
817:
815:
805:"Amanda Bennett"
801:
795:
794:
792:
790:
771:
571:Voice of America
501:Norman J. Pattiz
284:Voice of America
254:Tom C. Korologos
192:Voice of America
157:
152:
149:
147:
103:Washington, D.C.
61:
59:
54:
38:
31:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2516:
2515:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2497:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2477:
2451:Radio Free Asia
2439:Radio Free Iraq
2419:Current Time TV
2381:
2375:
2342:USAspending.gov
2302:
2301:
2298:
2282:
2280:Further reading
2277:
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2262:
2261:
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2223:
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2098:
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2072:
2071:
2060:
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2048:
2040:TheGuardian.com
2033:
2032:
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462:was the
338:Equality
2407:Alhurra
2331:in the
2320:in the
2199:Gizmodo
2010:"USAGM"
1994:July 5,
1967:May 15,
1927:"USAGM"
1880:May 16,
1478:"USAGM"
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1254:June 4,
1228:June 4,
1192:Alhurra
1111:"USAGM"
1069:July 6,
1043:July 6,
968:"USAGM"
868:USA.gov
775:"USAGM"
739:Twitter
716:Gizmodo
664:jamming
619:Funding
598:Alhurra
564:Outlets
334:Musawat
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218:History
141:Website
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2456:WHYNOT
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2115:(PDF)
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1548:(PDF)
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1115:USAGM
330:Today
169:USAGM
130:, CEO
116:2022)
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2149:2016
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1317:2016
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