460:" deferred doctors who were taking their residency, so that the Army would get the benefit of their advanced education. Eventually, GME became both a recruiting and a retention tool for the AMEDD, and board-certified specialists were attracted in steady numbers. Those MC officers who did not elect Option 1, or who were not needed immediately, were "deferred." Some were allowed Option 3, to complete their residency training and then entered active duty as a fully trained specialist. Those who were deferred for only one year of residency were termed "partially trained specialists" and were usually given military assignments that allowed them to work within their specialty. Many residency programs would give a year's credit toward completion of residency for their time in military service to physicians who served under Option 2. (This triple option program continued for 19 years until the US military draft ended in 1973.)
987:
months in theater, and 3 months for "stabilization" after return to the assigned units home station). This means that primary care physicians are deployed for longer periods than most specialist
Physicians. A specialist (ie..General Surgeon, Trauma Surgeon, Rheumatologist) will usually be deployed for 6 months. Operational Physicians should expect that greater than 60% of their time will be spent in administrative roles and non-patient care. 40% of the Operational providers time is spent caring for Soldiers or supervising unit Physician Assistants(PAs). With the recent BCT (Brigade Combat Team) restructuring, the demand for Operational Surgeons have increased. Likely, the poor retention of Captains and junior Major Physicians in the primary care fields is due to the relative inequality of deployment length and deployment frequency.
507:(MOS) classification system provides the MC officer with his/her officer branch, area of concentration (AOC), branch skill code (degree of proficiency), special qualifications identifiers (SQIs), additional skill identifiers (ASIs), language identification, and reporting classifications. The MC is one of the Special Branches of the Army, and thus is not classified as a Basic Branch. Special Branches are a grouping of branches and officers primarily concerned with providing combat service support and/or administration to the Army as a whole, but managed separately from
369:
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36:
337:, the first to hold that specific title) and since then a succession of Surgeons General and a permanent Corps organization in the Army Medical Department have followed. Physicians assigned to the U.S. Army were finally accorded military rank in 1847, although the old Regimental Surgeon system of additional designations ("Assistant Surgeon", "Surgeon") was also retained until 1908.
483:. Eventually, USUHS graduates made up about 25% of all doctors in the military. (Now it graduates about 164 physicians each year; around 90% of all USUHS graduates remain on active duty until reaching retirement eligibility.) By the mid-1990s, the strength of the Army's MC had risen to about 5,400 active duty officers, but cutbacks soon ensued.
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or through permanent assignment (PCS). Deployments with units to combat theaters are for the duration of a deployment and the jobs are mostly filled by primary care physicians. A PROFIS provider can expect to be deployed away from their family for a total of 16 months (1 month before deployment, 12
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is the field of Army medicine that provides medical support to the
Soldier and his/her Chain of Command. Many Operational Physicians serve as Division, Brigade and Battalion level Surgeons (the word "surgeon" is used to identify a physician that is assigned to a unit as a primary care provider and
303:
Both the Army
Medical Department and the Medical Corps trace their origins to 27 July 1775, when the Continental Congress established the first Army Hospital to be headed by a "Director General and Chief Physician". The language of the Congressional resolution spoke of "an Hospital" which in those
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is the field of Army medicine where a
Physician in uniform basically functions like a Physician in the Civilian arena. These Physicians are assigned to the various Army MEDCENs (Medical Centers) and MEDDACs (Medical Department Activities, i.e., hospitals and clinics). Each of these Physicians are
563:(GME). They may later specialize following completion of residency training in a military (or less often, civilian) program. Later, these physicians may continue with subspecialty training or continue in operational positions providing clinical care, conducting research, or in other positions.
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keep Army physician pay competitive with civilian practitioners and allow for voluntary physician retention in the active force. The continuation pay program is tied directly to the maintenance of a state license and a board-certification bonus encourages MC officers to maintain active board
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During the period that followed (1789–1818) Congress provided for a medical organization for the Army only in time of war or emergency. For example, in 1812 Congress established the
Medical Department of the Northern Army as a response to the need for medical support during operations in the
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in at least one U.S. state and to fulfill all requirements necessary for maintaining it. (No federal physician holds a "federal medical license" to practice.) Younger MC officers are typically not boarded as they have not yet taken specialty training, but as they advance in their careers,
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certification by taking a re-certification exam every 10 years. Specialty pays incentivize the various specialties and sub-specialties with sliding rates and a variety of contracts (generally 2, 3, or 4 years) are available after any basic educational obligation has been fulfilled.
1110:
The United States Army
Battalion Surgeon: Frontline Requirement or Relic of a Bygone Era? A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Military Art and Science, General
927:—Intern in an approved first year GME training program which, upon successful completion, will result in the Medical Proficiency of 9D. While an intern, the officer will be awarded the AOC specialty in which he/she is training with the medical proficiency skill identifier of 9E.
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proposed establishment of an "Army
Medical School" in which medical cadets and others seeking admission to the MC could receive such post-graduate instruction as would better fit them for military commissions. It was over 30 years, however, before Surgeon General
471:, who had previously been excluded from active military service, were first admitted to the MC. To avoid reinstating another "doctor draft", the US Congress took steps to encourage medical students to enter the military as physicians. Completing this trend,
406:
in 1921. Its purpose was to train both new medical officers and newly enlisted medics in the practice of field medicine. (This school was transferred to Texas in 1946, became the
Academy of Health Sciences in 1973, and became the
479:(USUHS) was established in 1972, graduating its first class in 1980. USUHS is the United States' center for military medical education. Its primary mission is to prepare its graduates for service in the medical corps of all the
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333:. In 1816, medical officers were given uniforms (but not military rank) for the first time. A permanent and continuous Medical Department was not established until 1818. That year a "Surgeon General" was appointed (
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brought a realization of the need to provide more than the "finishing school" approach of the AMS to military medical education and indoctrination and in 1920, the
Medical Department first established hospital
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physicians representing all the specialties and subspecialties of civilian medicine. They may be assigned to fixed military medical facilities, to deployable combat units or to military medical
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assigned to a PROFIS unit. Usually primary care physicians deploy to fill
Battalion level Surgeon positions. Medical Specialists deploy to support CSH (combat support hospitals).
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442:. Upon assuming office one of his first acts was to propose a plan for young military physicians to follow one of three pathways after completing their internship:
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Congress made official the designation "Medical Corps" in 1908, although the term had long been in use informally among the Medical Department's regular physicians.
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The branch skill code is appended to the MC officer's AOC. For example, "60H9C" designates a board-eligible, but not yet board-certified, Army cardiologist.
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days meant a hospital system or medical department. Among the accomplishments of Army surgeons during the years of the Revolution was completion (in 1778, at
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made official the designation "Medical Corps" in 1908, although the term had long been in use informally among the Medical Department's regular physicians.
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958:(CCQAS) in which practitioner credentials files are monitored and validated at the local medical treatment facility (MTF) level. In addition to the basic
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531:(HPSP). By so participating they have their expenses paid for them and incur a four-year service obligation. A smaller number graduate from the
915:—Completion of formal subspecialty training to meet the ABMS requirement of an approved residency or fellowship in a recognized teaching center.
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printed in America. In 1789, the Department of the Hospital was disbanded and a system of "Regimental Surgeons" was established in its place.
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The MC consists of 41 areas of concentration (AOC) within officer branches 60, 61 and 62. A young MC officer typically starts out as a
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The most common source of new physicians for the Army are medical students attending civilian medical schools and participating in the
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is filled by the minority of military physicians. Most of these research Physicians are based in larger Army Medical Centers.
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As of mid-2008, the number of active duty doctors serving in the MC nearly met the requirement of 4,448 authorized positions.
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U.S. Army physicians serve in one of three general career fields that are not formal parts of the MOS classification system:
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The MC traces its earliest origins to the first physicians recruited by the Medical Department of the Army, created by the
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1946:
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as a method of acquiring new officers for the MC. Meanwhile, part of the role of the AMS (which would become part of the
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2011:
2006:
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627:
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for MC officers were introduced into the Medical Department, providing for the first time the full spectrum of
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467:, serious physician shortfalls were experienced by the Defense Department and it was at this time (1966) that
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Enter the armed services immediately and return to their residencies after fulfilling their obligated service;
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available to all officers, a continuation pay program and a variety of bonuses and entitlements under the
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Enter the armed services two years after medical school and complete their residencies after service;
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1222:, Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. (Series: Army Historical Series)
1213:, Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. (Series: Army Historical Series)
1204:, Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. (Series: Army Historical Series)
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The horseman in the foreground is an infantry surgeon in the uniform adopted in January 1812.
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Department of the Army Pamphlet 611–2, "Military Occupational Classification and Structure"
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921:—Successful completion of the first year (internship) of an approved GME training program.
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Virtual Naval Hospital – a digital library of military medicine and humanitarian medicine
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not necessarily as a General Surgeon). These Physicians are either assigned through the
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543:) while students, incurring a seven-year obligation. Some MC officers are accessed via
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after completion of specialty or sub-specialty training before entry on active duty.
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1161:(AMEDD website), "AMEDD FAQ and General Info"; Available from www.amedd.army.mil/
1178:, The Historical Unit of the US Army Medical Department, Fort Detrick, Maryland.
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board-certification becomes a virtual necessity for promotion to the rank of
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for U.S. Army medical officer uniforms popularized it throughout the world.
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The first woman to receive a Regular Army commission in the MC was Major
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Armed Forces Physicians' Appointment And Residency Consideration Program
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specialties represented the greatest shortfall in endstrength numbers.
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U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID)
1138:, "Army Medical Department Officer Development and Career Management"
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U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD)
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soldiers. The Chief of the Medical Corps Branch (under the Army's
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combat service support branches. (Other Special Branches are the
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U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM)
1272:
27:
Non-combat specialty branch of the U.S. Army Medical Department
29:
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Enter the service after the completion of residency training.
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and the senior-most Medical Corps officer in the Army is the
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872:. The 1902 adoption of this ancient symbol of the Greek god
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United States Army Medical Research Unit- Europe (USAMRU-E)
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Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science (AFRIMS)
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training has been provided for military students since the
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U.S. Army Medical Information Technology Center (USAMITC)
1251:
Essay and Video on Military Medicine in the War of 1812
933:—Fellow in an approved fellowship GME training program.
430:(GME) to prospective MC officers. In 1954, a prominent
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895:—Determination is on a basis of individual merit by
559:(AOC 62B) following completion of the first year of
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Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
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Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
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Military medical organizations of the United States
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954:and higher. The Army's Surgeon General maintains a
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2349:U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research
1261:is available for free viewing and download at the
418:in 1943. She was assigned as Chief Surgeon to the
382:building in Washington, DC, between 1893 and 1910.
1307:Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs
941:Licensures, boards, credentials, and special pays
909:(ABMS) in a particular specialty or subspecialty.
2375:U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya (USAMRU-K)
1064:(MODS), "AMEDD Deployment Data"; Available from
2431:Medical Communications for Combat Casualty Care
2400:List of former United States Army medical units
2380:Makerere University Walter Reed Project (MUWRP)
1174:Engleman, Rose C. and Robert T. J. Joy (1975),
440:Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs)
2339:U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research (ISR)
2324:Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)
1462:U.S. Army Medical Research & Materiel Cmd
1189:United States Army Center of Military History
232:medical officers – physicians with either an
8:
1239:Medical Corps Professional Development Guide
1016:United States Army Medical Department Museum
956:Central Credentials Quality Assurance System
945:All Army MC officers are required to hold a
353:(AMS), the precursor institution to today's
242:one year of post-graduate clinical training
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1302:Surgeon General of the United States Army
868:The traditional U.S. Army version of the
262:Currently, the MC consists of over 4,400
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1233:"Home of the Army Medical Corps" website
1042:
2246:National Museum of Health and Medicine
1219:The Army Medical Department, 1917–1941
1210:The Army Medical Department, 1865–1917
1201:The Army Medical Department, 1818–1865
1184:The Army Medical Department, 1775–1818
884:("degree of proficiency" designators)
529:Health Professions Scholarship Program
355:Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
131:
2225:U.S. Army School of Aviation Medicine
1140:Washington, DC (27 June 2007), pg 45.
1136:Department of the Army Pamphlet 600–4
1026:United States Air Force Medical Corps
907:American Board of Medical Specialties
224:(non-combat specialty branch) of the
7:
2272:Walter Reed Tropical Medicine Course
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2296:War Surgery in Afghanistan and Iraq
1952:10th Field Hospital (United States)
984:PROFIS (Professional Filler System)
398:in 1923) was taken over by the new
2462:Branches of the United States Army
1275:United States Army Medical Command
1149:DA PAM 600–4, 27 June 2007, pg 47.
568:AOC identifiers for the US Army MC
270:duties. They are considered fully
69:"United States Army Medical Corps"
25:
2467:Army medical administrative corps
2405:United States Army Hospital Corps
2310:Research Institutes & Centers
1098:; Washington, DC (31 March 1999).
481:uniformed services of the country
1472:U.S. Army Warrior Transition Cmd
1315:
1159:History, Training, and Education
1021:United States Navy Medical Corps
194:
176:
34:
1191:, United States Army. (Series:
1062:Medical Operational Data System
505:military occupational specialty
503:As with all Army officers, the
404:Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania
380:Army Medical Museum and Library
45:needs additional citations for
2421:Walter Reed Health Care System
1176:200 Years of Military Medicine
1107:Malish, Richard Glade (2009),
438:, was appointed as the second
1:
2289:Textbook of Military Medicine
1591:Medical Department Activities
628:Obstetrician and Gynecologist
539:and serve on active duty (as
670:60Q Pediatric Sub-Specialist
400:Medical Field Service School
226:U.S. Army Medical Department
1467:U.S. Army Public Health Cmd
1286:Category:United States Army
1241:(2002) at the AMEDD website
964:Officer Special Pay Program
828:Peripheral Vascular Surgeon
253:Second Continental Congress
154:, erroneously invoking the
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1395:Major Subordinate Commands
1313:
1258:Big Picture: Army Medicine
561:graduate medical education
428:graduate medical education
2220:AMEDD Center & School
1452:AMEDD Center & School
1382:Enlisted medical soldiers
1281:
1216:Gillett, Mary C. (2009),
1207:Gillett, Mary C. (1995),
1198:Gillett, Mary C. (1987),
1181:Gillett, Mary C. (1981),
1066:http://www.mods.army.mil/
1010:U.S. Army Medical Command
409:AMEDD Center & School
342:William Alexander Hammond
340:In 1862, Surgeon General
284:U.S. Army Surgeon General
141:
1938:Combat Support Hospitals
1366:Medical Specialist Corps
1123:Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
971:Career assignment fields
899:'s Classification Board.
852:/General Medical Officer
579:60A Operational Medicine
268:research and development
158:as a symbol of medicine.
150:U.S. Army Medical Corps
2426:Military Vaccine Agency
1326:Army Medical Department
557:general medical officer
349:would found (1893) the
276:Human Resources Command
18:U.S. Army Medical Corps
2267:Captains Career Course
2072:Forward Surgical Teams
1193:Army Historical Series
1085:Department of the Army
931:Medical proficiency 9F
925:Medical proficiency 9E
919:Medical proficiency 9D
913:Medical proficiency 9C
905:—Certification by the
903:Medical proficiency 9B
893:Medical proficiency 9A
877:
816:Diagnostic Radiologist
551:US Army MC specialties
517:Judge Advocate General
469:osteopathic physicians
434:and Harvard graduate,
383:
325:
228:(AMEDD) consisting of
1361:Medical Service Corps
947:state medical license
867:
673:60R Child Neurologist
650:Clinical Immunologist
598:Occupational Medicine
416:Margaret D. Craighill
371:
323:
1987:115th Field Hospital
1710:DiLorenzo TRICARE HC
1457:U.S. Army Dental Cmd
979:Operational Medicine
810:Radiation Oncologist
306:Lititz, Pennsylvania
54:improve this article
1940:and Field Hospitals
1789:Field medical units
1037:Citations and notes
840:Emergency Physician
591:Preventive Medicine
396:Army Medical Center
375:Army Medical School
351:Army Medical School
347:George M. Sternberg
135:United States Army
1411:North Atlantic RMC
1187:, Washington, DC:
1116:2011-03-22 at the
1094:2012-09-15 at the
1071:2008-08-05 at the
960:pay and allowances
952:lieutenant colonel
886:for the US Army MC
882:branch skill codes
878:
797:Aerospace Medicine
787:Orthopedic Surgeon
752:Infectious disease
718:Medical Oncologist
690:Child Psychiatrist
616:Gastroenterologist
541:second lieutenants
537:Bethesda, Maryland
424:residency programs
420:Women's Army Corps
384:
378:was housed in the
326:
288:lieutenant general
202:United States Army
167:1908 – present day
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1735:Heidelberg MEDDAC
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1501:Forest Glen Annex
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998:Research Medicine
991:Clinical Medicine
861:
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850:Battalion Surgeon
605:Pulmonary Disease
545:direct commission
499:Career management
240:degree, at least
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16:(Redirected from
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2230:Borden Institute
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1845:Medical Brigades
1797:Medical Commands
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1492:Fort Sam Houston
1421:Great Plains RMC
1399:
1356:Veterinary Corps
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1263:Internet Archive
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1049:Officially, the
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771:Thoracic Surgeon
684:Otolaryngologist
660:Anesthesiologist
584:Nuclear Medicine
574:
432:thoracic surgeon
422:. In 1946, Army
402:which opened at
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2141:759th FST (ABN)
2117:541th FST (ABN)
2110:274th FST (ABN)
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1932:
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1619:Blanchfield ACH
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1511:Medical Centers
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1255:The short film
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1118:Wayback Machine
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1096:Wayback Machine
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1073:Wayback Machine
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1006:
973:
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777:Plastic Surgeon
765:General Surgeon
759:Family Medicine
728:Endocrinologist
678:Ophthalmologist
553:
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501:
489:
363:
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308:) of the first
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246:medical license
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214:Medical Corps
209:Military unit
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184:United States
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152:Branch Plaque
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137:Medical Corps
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2294:
2287:
2251:AMEDD Museum
2213:schools, etc
1947:9th Hosp Ctr
1893:65th Med BDE
1888:62nd Med BDE
1883:44th Med BDE
1878:32nd Med BDE
1873:30th Med BDE
1700:Barquist AHC
1669:Reynolds ACH
1664:Moncrief ACH
1659:McDonald ACH
1557:Beaumont AMC
1497:Fort Detrick
1351:Dental Corps
1340:
1257:
1238:
1218:
1209:
1200:
1183:
1175:
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885:
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855:
834:Neurosurgeon
722:Hematologist
708:Nephrologist
702:Psychiatrist
666:Pediatrician
622:Cardiologist
567:
565:
554:
526:
502:
493:Primary care
490:
487:21st century
462:
455:
413:
385:
373:
364:
361:20th century
339:
327:
316:19th century
302:
261:
250:
230:commissioned
216:(MC) of the
213:
211:
149:
116:
110:January 2013
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1868:8th Med BDE
1863:5th Med BDE
1858:2nd Med BDE
1853:1st Med BDE
1835:67th Med Gp
1830:55th Med Gp
1720:Fairfax FHC
1639:Ireland ACH
1624:Allgood ACH
1609:Bassett ACH
1562:Darnall AMC
1547:Madigan AMC
1537:Tripler AMC
1527:Augusta MMC
1436:Pacific RMC
1426:Western RMC
1346:Nurse Corps
822:Pathologist
804:Physiatrist
696:Neurologist
535:(USUHS) in
465:Vietnam era
463:During the
436:Frank Berry
392:internships
387:World War I
331:War of 1812
264:active duty
257:US Congress
222:staff corps
2451:Categories
2393:Historical
2192:1982nd FST
2189:1980th FST
1809:807th MCDS
1760:Munson AHC
1755:Lyster AHC
1745:Kenner AHC
1715:Dunham AHC
1654:Martin ACH
1649:Keller ACH
1552:Womack AMC
1532:Brooke AMC
1431:Europe RMC
1295:Leadership
1032:References
799:specialist
458:Berry Plan
411:in 1991).
272:deployable
80:newspapers
2317:Stateside
2204:Education
2186:948th FST
2183:947th FST
2180:946th FST
2177:945th FST
2174:936th FST
2171:934th FST
2168:933rd FST
2165:932nd FST
2162:915th FST
2159:912th FST
2156:911th FST
2153:909th FST
2150:874th FST
2147:848th FST
2144:772nd FST
2138:758th FST
2135:745th FST
2132:691st FST
2129:629th FST
2126:628th FST
2123:624th FST
2120:555th FST
2114:402nd FST
2106:250th FST
2103:240th FST
2100:160th FST
2097:135th FST
2094:126th FST
2091:102nd FST
2062:865th CSH
2057:801th CSH
2052:452th CSH
2047:405th CSH
2042:399th CSH
2037:396th CSH
2027:349th CSH
2022:345th CSH
2017:328th CSH
2012:325th CSH
2007:256th CSH
2002:228th CSH
1997:212th CSH
1992:121st CSH
1804:AR-MEDCOM
1775:Camp Zama
1765:Rader AHC
1695:Bliss AHC
1644:Irwin ACH
1629:Evans ACH
1614:Jones ACH
1601:Hospitals
1593:(MEDDACs)
1520:Stateside
1513:(MEDCENs)
746:Internist
646:Allergist
634:Urologist
218:U.S. Army
2358:Overseas
2281:Products
2211:Centers,
2088:67th FST
2032:352d CSH
1982:75th CSH
1977:48th CSH
1972:47th CSH
1967:31th CSH
1962:28th CSH
1957:14th CSH
1814:3rd MCDS
1750:Kirk AHC
1679:Winn ACH
1674:Weed ACH
1634:Wood ACH
1571:Overseas
1404:commands
1402:Regional
1375:Enlisted
1334:Officers
1114:Archived
1092:Archived
1069:Archived
1012:(MEDCOM)
1004:See also
870:caduceus
515:and the
156:caduceus
2260:Courses
2239:Museums
2085:8th FST
2082:2nd FST
2079:1st FST
1725:Fox AHC
1688:Clinics
1111:Studies
754:Officer
611:Officer
600:Officer
593:Officer
586:Officer
566:The 41
299:Origins
294:History
280:colonel
278:) is a
172:Country
94:scholar
1499:(with
1445:Others
874:Hermes
856:
509:USAHRC
199:
190:Branch
181:
164:Active
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2414:Other
888:are:
570:are:
523:Entry
456:The "
236:or a
220:is a
101:JSTOR
87:books
880:The
844:62B
838:62A
832:61Z
826:61W
820:61U
814:61R
808:61Q
802:61P
791:61N
785:61M
775:61L
769:61K
763:61J
757:61H
750:61G
744:61F
732:61D
726:61C
716:61B
706:61A
700:60W
694:60V
688:60U
682:60T
676:60S
664:60P
658:60N
644:60M
638:60L
632:60K
626:60J
620:60H
614:60G
603:60F
596:60D
589:60C
582:60B
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