Knowledge (XXG)

United States customary units

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1996:. The National Institute of Standards and Technology formerly contended that customary area units are defined in terms of the square survey foot, not the square international foot, but from 2023 it states that "although historically defined using the U.S. survey foot, the statute mile can be defined using either definition of the foot, as is the case for all other units listed in this table. However, use of definitions based on the U.S. survey foot should be avoided after December 31, 2022 except for historic and legacy applications." 40: 242:. There are anecdotal objections to the use of metric units in carpentry and the building trades, on the basis that it is easier to remember an integer number of inches plus a fraction than a measurement in millimeters, or that foot-inch measurements are more suitable when distances are frequently divided into halves, thirds, and quarters, often in parallel. The metric system also lacks a parallel measurement to the 2005: 3903:. Of these, the avoirdupois weight is the most common system used in the U.S., although Troy weight is still used to weigh precious metals. Apothecaries' weight—once used by pharmacies—has been largely replaced by metric measurements. Tower weight fell out of use in England (due to legal prohibition in 1527) centuries ago, and was never used in the U.S. The 3941:
these other units within each system varies. For example, in apothecary and troy weight, the pound and ounce are the same, but are different from the pound and ounce in avoirdupois in terms of their relationships to grains and to each other. The systems also have different units between the grain and ounce (apothecaries' has scruple and
2264:
As a non-participant in that reform, the U.S. retained the separate systems for measuring the volumes of liquids and dry material, whereas the imperial system had unified the units for both under a new imperial gallon. The U.S. uses the pre-1824 gallon (231 cubic inches, 3,790 cm) and Winchester
3940:
Troy weight, avoirdupois weight, and apothecaries' weight are all built from the same basic unit, the grain, which is the same in all three systems. However, while each system has some overlap in the names of their units of measure (all have ounces and pounds), the relationship between the grain and
3293:
is measured on a separate system, although many of the names remain the same. Small fruits and vegetables are often sold in dry pints and dry quarts. The US dry gallon is less commonly used, and was not included in the handbook that many states recognize as the authority on measurement law. However
397:
left the decision of which (if any) definition of the foot to use to the individual states (and other jurisdictions). All SPCS 1983 systems are defined in meters, but forty jurisdictions also use the survey foot, six use the international foot, and ten do not specify which, if any, foot type should
401:
In 2019, the NIST, working with the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), National Ocean Service (NOS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Department of Commerce (DOC), issued a Federal Register Notice (FRN) indicating the deprecation of the U.S. survey foot and U.S. survey mile
178:
The customary system was championed by the U.S.-based International Institute for Preserving and Perfecting Weights and Measures in the late 19th century. Some advocates of the customary system saw the French Revolutionary, or metric, system as atheistic. The president of an Ohio auxiliary of the
3068:
In the U.S., single servings of beverages are usually measured in fluid ounces. Milk is usually sold in half-pints (8 fluid ounces), pints, quarts, half gallons, and gallons. Water volume for sinks, bathtubs, ponds, swimming pools, etc., is usually stated in gallons or cubic feet. Quantities of
3968:
In the U.S., only the ounce, pound and short ton – known in the country simply as the ton – are commonly used, though the hundredweight is still used in agriculture and shipping. The grain is used to describe the mass of propellant and projectiles in small arms
3964:
For the pound and smaller units, the U.S. customary system and the British imperial system are identical. However, they differ when dealing with units larger than the pound. The definition of the pound avoirdupois in the imperial system is identical to that in the U.S. customary system.
3960:
To alleviate confusion, it is typical when publishing non-avoirdupois weights to mention the name of the system along with the unit. Precious metals, for example, are often weighed in "troy ounces", because just "ounce" would be more likely to be assumed to mean an avoirdupois ounce.
5090: 4631: 2265:
bushel (2,150.42 cubic inches, 35,239.1 cm), as opposed to British 1824 definition of 1 imperial gallon (4.5 L; 1.2 US gal) = 10 lb (4.5 kg) of water and the bushel as 8 imperial gallons (36 L; 9.6 US gal).
2253:, and many units are shared between the two systems as a whole; with respect to volume, however, this is quite the contrary. The independence of the U.S. from the British Empire decades prior to the reformation of units in 1824—most notably the 179:
Institute wrote that the traditional units were "a just weight and a just measure, which alone are acceptable to the Lord". His organization later went so far as to publish music for a song proclaiming "down with every 'metric' scheme".
4520: 3060:
for some specific commodities, including 31 gallons for beer, 40 gallons for whiskey or kerosene, and 42 gallons for petroleum. The general standard for liquids is 31.5 gal or half a hogshead. The common 55-gallon size of
116:
The United States uses customary units in commercial activities, as well as for personal and social use. In science, medicine, many sectors of industry, and some government and military areas, metric units are used. The
3048:
The saying, "a pint's a pound the world around", refers to 16 US fluid ounces of water weighing approximately (about 4% more than) one pound avoirdupois. An imperial pint of water weighs a pound and a quarter
237:
U.S. customary units are widely used on consumer products and in industrial manufacturing. Metric units are standard in science, medicine, as well as many sectors of industry and government, including the
6644: 5921: 150: 91: 90:), which was officially adopted in 1826, changing the definitions of some of its units. Consequently, while many U.S. units are essentially similar to their imperial counterparts, there are noticeable 4527: 7319: 5734:
For nutrition labeling purposes, a teaspoon means 5 milliliters (mL), a tablespoon means 15 mL, a cup means 240 mL, 1 fl oz means 30 mL, and 1 oz in weight means 28 g.
230:
to "take all appropriate measures within their authority" to use the metric system "as the preferred system of weights and measures for United States trade and commerce" and authorized the
5903: 4433: 3907:
system, which is still used for some measures in the United Kingdom and other countries, is based on avoirdupois, with variations from U.S. customary units larger than a pound.
190:"the preferred system of weights and measures for U.S. trade and commerce". The legislation states that the federal government has a responsibility to assist industry as it 6444: 5494: 5150: 369:
to distinguish it from the international foot. For most applications, the difference between the two definitions is insignificant – one international foot is exactly
129:(NIST). For newer types of measurement where there is no traditional customary unit, international units are used, sometimes mixed with customary units: for example, 6689: 5048: 234:"to charter an Interagency Council on Metric Policy ('ICMP'), which will assist the Secretary in coordinating Federal Government-wide implementation of this order." 5618: 5593: 5520: 4411:. Several U.S. technical standards are expressed in Fahrenheit temperatures, and some American medical practitioners use degrees Fahrenheit for body temperature. 1127: 126: 5640: 6639: 5058:
Tools and fasteners with sizes measured in inches are sometimes called "SAE bolts" or "SAE wrenches" to differentiate them from their metric counterparts. The
146: 198:. This is most evident in U.S. labeling requirements on food products, where SI units are almost always presented alongside customary units. According to the 6683: 5896: 3985:
is a fixed volume of 2,150.42 cubic inches (35.2391 liters). The mass of grain will therefore vary according to density. Some nominal weight examples are:
7211: 6958: 6411: 250: 7236: 7231: 6948: 6768: 5682: 5453: 5179: 393:
The NAD27 was replaced in the 1980s by the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83), which is defined in meters. The SPCSs were also updated, but the
86:
before the U.S. became an independent country. The United Kingdom's system of measures was overhauled in 1824 to create the imperial system (with
3914:
by agreement between the U.S., the United Kingdom, and other English-speaking countries in 1959. Other units of mass are defined in terms of it.
5889: 1961: 1906: 1900: 1130:, the US survey foot, and other units defined in terms of it, have been deprecated since 2023, "except for historic and legacy applications". 7267: 7262: 7216: 6867: 6857: 6758: 5256: 7272: 6842: 6780: 6437: 7206: 6993: 5543: 231: 3037:
For nutritional labeling and medicine in the US, the teaspoon and tablespoon are defined as a metric teaspoon and tablespoon—precisely
7246: 7221: 7074: 6822: 5806: 5043:(which refers to the post-1824 reform measures used throughout the British Empire & Commonwealth countries). Another term is the 7130: 6649: 5610: 5062:(SAE) originally developed fasteners standards using U.S. units for the U.S. auto industry; the organization now uses metric units. 5044: 5304: 3065:
for storing and transporting various products and wastes is sometimes confused with a barrel, though it is not a standard measure.
7100: 7064: 6973: 6711: 195: 71: 2234:
are commonly used for measuring volume. In addition, there is one group of units for measuring volumes of liquids (based on the
7186: 7171: 7125: 7003: 6978: 6963: 6923: 6847: 6430: 5747: 5848: 7181: 7166: 7156: 7146: 7084: 7054: 7024: 6988: 6913: 6832: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6790: 6494: 5791: 5710: 5555:
The recommended symbol for the liter in the United States is 'L' per National Institute of Standards and Technology. (1995.)
277:, which are the only four customary length measurements in everyday use. From 1893, the foot was legally defined as exactly 155:
The United States system of units of 1832 is based on the system in use in Britain prior to the introduction to the British
7176: 7151: 7115: 7079: 7059: 7049: 7034: 7029: 7019: 6928: 6852: 6753: 6474: 5876: 5721: 4954:
is used for the outside diameter of pipes. Below NPS14, the NPS number is not consistent with the pipe diameter in inches.
394: 387: 118: 48: 5232: 5171: 4418:
but the scales have different zero points, so conversion is not simply multiplication by a factor. Pure water freezes at
7241: 7161: 7120: 7110: 7039: 6943: 6882: 6877: 6837: 6827: 6817: 6812: 6716: 6618: 6613: 6532: 6527: 6489: 4043: 4005: 322: 110: 6566: 7069: 7044: 6983: 6933: 6918: 6908: 6872: 6763: 6726: 6695: 5630: 5283: 5542:
Barton, John W.; Bowers, Shelby L.; Butcher, Tina G, Harshman, Richard A.; Lee, G. Diane & Warfield, Lisa, eds.
7105: 6953: 6887: 6785: 6731: 6721: 3910:
The pound avoirdupois, which forms the basis of the U.S. customary system of mass, is defined as exactly 453.59237
3020:, and 8 fluid ounces respectively. The fluid ounce derives its name originally from being the volume of one ounce 7324: 6998: 6537: 6406: 4827: 4820:
Various combination units are in common use; these are straightforwardly defined based on the above basic units.
5321: 4626:{\displaystyle \{T\}_{\mathrm {^{\circ }C} }={\tfrac {5}{9}}{\bigl (}\{T\}_{\mathrm {^{\circ }F} }-32{\bigr )}.} 5406: 5164: 4923:). Since this is so small, actual wire is commonly measured in thousands of a cmil, called either kcmil or MCM. 227: 3072:
Minims, drams, gill, and pottle are rarely used currently. The gill is often referred to as a "half-cup". The
5656: 4948:(not to be confused with the American wire gauge), which is derived from weight and thus differs by material. 6561: 6512: 4866: 4862: 3888: 2239: 318: 6299: 5275: 5081: 223: 5512: 6453: 5935: 5755: 4935: 4776: 507: 498: 183: 164: 130: 5336:
Units of Weight and Measure (United States Customary and Metric}: Definitions and Tables of Equivalents
39: 6375: 6325: 5096: 5085: 4803: 4757: 4728: 4396: 2681: 2486: 330: 63: 7226: 6746: 6677: 6391: 6365: 6350: 5823: 5428: 5104: 5076: 5052: 4832: 4788: 4721: 3929:
avoirdupois is used as a unit of mass, but in some contexts, the term "pound" is used to refer to "
215: 6741: 6517: 6401: 6396: 3896: 546: 222:
on July 25, 1991, citing the Metric Conversion Act, directed departments and agencies within the
200: 5197: 5589:
Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirements for Weighing and Measuring Devices
5572: 5544:
Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirements for Weighing and Measuring Devices
5024:
The United States Code refers to these units as "traditional systems of weights and measures".
4772:= the pressure produced by 1 inch height of mercury = 3,386.39 pascals (33.8639 hPa, millibars) 4731:(Btu) ≈ 1.055 kJ (1,054–1,060 J, depending on which of several definitions of BTU is used) 4335:
The most common practical cooking measures for both liquid and dry ingredients in the U.S. are
405:
In the following tables in this and subsequent sections, the most common measures are shown in
5787: 5252: 5246: 5059: 4989: 4978: 4951: 4427: 606: 239: 219: 5350: 4515:{\displaystyle \{T\}_{\mathrm {^{\circ }F} }={\tfrac {9}{5}}\{T\}_{\mathrm {^{\circ }C} }+32} 6773: 5458: 5334: 5202: 4872: 3062: 3034:
of a US gallon. Consequently, a fluid ounce of water weighs about 1.041 ounces avoirdupois.
1556: 1263: 338: 212:) that have not adopted the metric system as their official system of weights and measures. 106: 5091:
Plan for Establishing Uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and Measures of the United States
4823:
Sizing systems are used for various items in commerce, several of which are U.S.-specific:
4375:(e.g. of butter), or portion of fruit or vegetable (e.g. a half lemon, two medium onions). 3000:
of a US gallon. The teaspoon, tablespoon, and cup are defined in terms of a fluid ounce as
6938: 6294: 6194: 5768: 5644: 5614: 5175: 4876: 4838: 4769: 4668: 4415: 3922: 2250: 1951: 209: 5605: 2008:
A 23.7 US fl oz (700 mL) bottle displaying both U.S. and metric units
409:, and approximate values are shown in parentheses; values not in parentheses are exact. 7288: 6862: 6479: 6370: 6330: 6199: 5012: 4695: 4408: 4400: 3904: 2622: 2577: 2521: 2468: 2458: 2450: 326: 314: 156: 109:
of 1893 and, in practice, for many years before. These definitions were refined by the
87: 83: 52: 31: 5559: 5124: 3957:
unit of volume is based on the weight of 1 dram of water in the apothecaries' system.
2004: 7313: 6736: 6608: 6576: 6548: 6273: 6235: 6169: 5002: 4985: 4961: 4957: 4883: 4710: 4699: 4392: 4037: 3953:). The dram in avoirdupois weighs just under half of the dram in apothecaries'. The 3900: 3679: 3638: 3585: 3575: 3567: 3543: 3533: 3525: 3323: 3249: 3243: 3057: 2928: 2842: 2836: 2752: 2746: 2312: 1745: 1633: 1627: 1069: 1060: 1052: 836: 829: 719: 709: 334: 266: 187: 172: 160: 122: 79: 67: 44: 7293: 6581: 6571: 6556: 6345: 6320: 6230: 6215: 6149: 5985: 5970: 4904: 4792: 4738:
10 BTU, one quadrillion BTU (short-scale) or 1.055×10 joule (1.055 exajoules or EJ)
4205: 4095: 3926: 3884: 3795: 3786: 3732: 3713: 3707: 3686: 3645: 3591: 3549: 3500: 3493: 3438: 3428: 3382: 3366: 3360: 3327: 2386: 2355: 2322: 2301: 2295: 1797: 1768: 1495: 1411: 1405: 1087: 985: 979: 5810: 5546:
2022 Edition. n.p.: National Institute of Standards and Technology. pp. B-7, C-20.
5361:(1). Washington DC: United States National Bureau of Standards: 18. January 1971. 6892: 6623: 6522: 6360: 6340: 6220: 6154: 6128: 6087: 6023: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5881: 5690:
United States Department of Agriculture-National Agricultural Statistics Service
5215: 4995: 4945: 4941: 4735: 4683: 4679: 4645: 4388: 4172: 3946: 3942: 3934: 3930: 3892: 3828: 3776: 3770: 3472: 3405: 3399: 3021: 2614: 2554: 2548: 2420: 2378: 2371: 2235: 2209: 2147: 1752: 1730: 1429: 1350: 1342: 1188: 1169: 1163: 934: 859: 796: 760: 701: 344: 243: 168: 1992:
The most widely used area unit with a name unrelated to any length unit is the
6355: 6335: 6304: 6278: 6123: 6092: 6082: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 5965: 5168: 5071: 4747: 4706: 4664: 4384: 4268: 4262: 4252: 4237: 4230: 4220: 4212: 4197: 4190: 4184: 4164: 4157: 4150: 4142: 4134: 4127: 4113: 4102: 4087: 4080: 4073: 4065: 4057: 3970: 3954: 3859: 3850: 3844: 3821: 3815: 3750: 3290: 2936: 2866: 2674: 2632: 2603: 2596: 2587: 2539: 2529: 2511: 2505: 2496: 2479: 2438: 2428: 2409: 2402: 2393: 2362: 2348: 2342: 2333: 2258: 2243: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2124: 2085: 2061: 2051: 2042: 1421: 1323: 1314: 688: 640: 630: 589: 579: 487: 17: 5339:. Washington DC: United States National Bureau of Standards. 1960. p. 1. 302:). Since July 1, 1959, the units of length have been defined on the basis of 6250: 6174: 6133: 5008: 4652: 4347:, along with halves, thirds, quarters, and eighths of each. Units used are 4022: 3761: 3627: 3617: 3609: 3390: 2944: 2893: 2850: 2200: 2166: 2160: 1683: 1660: 1603: 1589: 1515: 1109: 1026: 874: 819: 365:: this definition was retained for data derived from NAD27, but renamed the 6422: 6245: 6077: 5401: 5375: 5196:
Astin, A.V., Karo, H.A. and Mueller, F.H. (June 25, 1959). Doc 59-5442, "
4050: 3695: 3669: 3663: 3654: 3597: 3555: 2918: 2912: 102: 7298: 6268: 5975: 4845: 1569: 1488: 1482: 1003: 205: 6968: 6164: 6107: 5429:"State Plane Coordinate System of 1983: legislation and foot version" 4404: 4306: 4027: 3982: 3883:
There have historically been five different English systems of mass:
3299: 3274: 3265: 3223: 3217: 3204: 3170: 3164: 2797: 2787: 2779: 2254: 995: 916: 910: 386: in (3 mm) per mile – but it affects the definition of the 5155:. National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 447. p. 5–6 3973:. It was also used to measure medicine and other very small masses. 97:
The majority of U.S. customary units were redefined in terms of the
5587: 5125:"US leaves the world puzzled by dragging its feet on metric system" 2249:
Although the units and their names are similar to the units in the
253:, although "English units" is sometimes used in colloquial speech. 6225: 6102: 4324: 4318: 4296: 4290: 4278: 3865: 3507: 3465: 3458: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3178: 3143: 3137: 3124: 2962: 2952: 2903: 2857: 2827: 2817: 2809: 2767: 2760: 2737: 2721: 2711: 2703: 2691: 2185: 2176: 2131: 2100: 2092: 2003: 1537: 1525: 1472: 1461: 1452: 1395: 1383: 1373: 1286: 1250: 1234: 1220: 1101: 966: 957: 768: 735: 360: 289: 98: 38: 27:
System of units of measurement commonly used in the United States
6159: 6097: 6018: 5980: 5960: 5940: 4751: 4698:= force to accelerate 1 pound mass 1 foot/second/second ≈ 0.138 4245: 3918: 3911: 3875: 3835: 3806: 3513: 3449: 3295: 3230: 3197: 3191: 3151: 3112: 3106: 2730: 2662: 2652: 2644: 2257:, its subdivisions, and (in mass) higher combinations above the 1993: 1916: 1847: 1841: 1640: 1547: 1197: 1079: 926: 847: 804: 785: 778: 752: 745: 727: 675: 665: 657: 445: 439: 305: 274: 270: 262: 249:
The term "United States customary units" was used by the former
6426: 5885: 5784:
Makin' Leather: A Manual of Primitive and Modern Leather Skills
5402:"Frequently Asked Questions about the National Geodetic Survey" 4907:
in the U.S. and Canada, one circular mil (cmil) being equal to
151:
Comparison of the imperial and US customary measurement systems
6240: 5101:, which failed due to a measurement-units-related software bug 134: 5607:
Summary of State Laws and Regulations in Weights and Measures
5499:. National Bureau of Standards Special Publication 447. p. 36 5178:, published as Appendix 6 to the Report for 1893 of the 4414:
The relationship between the different temperature scales is
5557:
Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI).
5218:. U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2010 4032: 3069:
gases are usually given in cubic feet (at one atmosphere).
3917:
The avoirdupois pound is legally defined as a measure of
261:
For measuring length, the U.S. customary system uses the
204:, the United States is one of three nations (along with 5877:
Rowlett's Dictionary of Units of Measurement (archived)
5586:
101st Conference on Weights and Measures 2016. (2017).
4903:
Cross-sectional area of electrical wire is measured in
163:, a system which had evolved over the millennia before 5493:
republished in Barbrow, L.E. and Judson, L. V. (1976)
4562: 4468: 5454:"Deprecation of the United States (U.S.) Survey Foot" 4530: 4436: 4013:(Comparable measures listed for comparison purposes.) 5270: 5268: 4011:
Common volume measures in English-speaking countries
3921:, but the name pound is also applied to measures of 74:, since being standardized and adopted in 1832. The 7320:
Customary units of measurement in the United States
7281: 7255: 7199: 7139: 7093: 7012: 6901: 6704: 6670: 6663: 6632: 6601: 6594: 6547: 6505: 6467: 6460: 6384: 6313: 6287: 6261: 6208: 6187: 6142: 6116: 6070: 6039: 6032: 5996: 5928: 5513:"U.S. Survey Foot: Revised Unit Conversion Factors" 5167:, Superintendent of Standard Weights and Measures. 3949:, and avoirdupois has just dram, sometimes spelled 390:(SPCSs), which can stretch over hundreds of miles. 5683:"Weights and Measures of agricultural commodities" 5027:Other common ways of referring to the system are: 4625: 4514: 3937:is another unit of mass derived from pound-force. 159:on January 1, 1826. Both systems are derived from 4875:in the United States are measured according to a 325:of 1958. At the time of the agreement, the basic 5854:. Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. May 1999 5005:is used to mean 100 square feet in construction. 3995:1 bushel (barley) = 48 lb (21.7724 kg) 5198:Refinement of Values for the Yard and the Pound 3992:1 bushel (wheat) = 60 lb (27.2155 kg) 376:of a US survey foot, for a difference of about 333:of 1927 (NAD27), which had been constructed by 5619:National Institute of Standards and Technology 5594:National Institute of Standards and Technology 5521:National Institute of Standards and Technology 4900:inch, or 0.0254 mm) in the United States. 3989:1 bushel (corn) = 56 lb (25.4012 kg) 1128:National Institute of Standards and Technology 127:National Institute of Standards and Technology 6438: 5897: 4981:system is used for standard pipe thicknesses. 4615: 4575: 4363:(presumed size varies depending on product), 147:Imperial and US customary measurement systems 8: 5711:"Title 21, 101.9 Nutrition labeling of food" 4667:= 1 ft × 1 ft × 1 in = 2.360  4587: 4580: 4538: 4531: 4486: 4479: 4444: 4437: 2261:—is the cause of the differences in values. 321:countries agreed on this definition per the 5507: 5505: 5192: 5190: 5188: 2246:, each with their own names and sub-units. 337:based on the definition of the foot in the 6667: 6598: 6464: 6445: 6431: 6423: 6036: 5904: 5890: 5882: 5748:"Common Measurements with Factor Labeling" 5485: 5483: 5481: 5479: 5477: 251:United States National Bureau of Standards 5657:"United States Department of Agriculture" 5496:Weights and Measures of the United States 5248:Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science 5152:Weights and Measures of the United States 4614: 4613: 4595: 4591: 4590: 4574: 4573: 4561: 4546: 4542: 4541: 4529: 4494: 4490: 4489: 4467: 4452: 4448: 4447: 4435: 3085:List of US units of volume for dry goods 3076:is often referred to as a "half-gallon". 3024:of water, but in the US it is defined as 125:, is preferred for many uses by the U.S. 5849:"Rules for SAE Use of SI (Metric) Units" 4848:is measured in ounces, 1 oz equals 4009: 3331: 3083: 2272: 2011: 1696: 1132: 887: 416: 5661:United States Department of Agriculture 5582: 5580: 5180:United States Coast and Geodetic Survey 5149:Barbrow, L.E. and Judson, L. V. (1976) 5116: 4984:Alcohol content is frequently given in 2274:List of US units of volume for liquids 5824:"US Customary System: An Origin Story" 5764: 5753: 5633:General Tables of Units of Measurement 5251:. Courier Corporation. pp. 180–. 4359:. Common sizes are also used, such as 3925:. For instance, in many contexts, the 323:International Yard and Pound Agreement 5448: 5446: 5370: 5368: 4391:in most non-scientific contexts. The 3701: 3354: 889:List of international nautical units 194:converts to the metric system, i.e., 55:, and US customary systems as of 2019 7: 5922:Comparison with imperial unit system 5020:Other names for U.S. customary units 4974:inch less than the outside diameter. 4944:in the U.S. is commonly measured in 4877:non-linear unitless numerical system 3302:are sometimes used—particularly for 5276:"References - Weights and Measures" 4841:sizes, numbered by scoops per quart 6475:International System of Units (SI) 5489:Roberts, R.W. (February 3, 1975). 5351:"Policy for NBS usage of SI Units" 5303:Robyn Williams (February 8, 1998) 4601: 4552: 4500: 4458: 167:, and which had its roots in both 25: 6412:Foot–pound–second system of units 5822:Kelechava, Brad (June 18, 2018). 5206:. Note that 999,998 = 3937 × 254. 5305:"Trouble with the Metric System" 5227:"English units of measurement". 4387:are used in the U.S. to measure 3056:There are varying standards for 5060:Society of Automotive Engineers 4998:is used for volume of firewood. 4934:is also sometimes used to mean 4709:= 1000 lbf ≈ 4.44822  4403:. Scientists worldwide use the 2240:subdivisions of the fluid ounce 182:The U.S. government passed the 92:differences between the systems 5631:NIST Handbook 44, Appendix C, 5245:Martin Gardner (May 4, 2012). 4760:(12,000 Btu/h) = 3.517 kW 4430:. The conversion formula is: 1126:Note that as announced by the 402:units from December 31, 2022. 388:State Plane Coordinate Systems 76:United States customary system 1: 6485:US customary units (USCS/USC) 5913:United States customary units 5722:US Government Printing Office 395:U.S. National Geodetic Survey 121:(SI), the modern form of the 119:International System of Units 60:United States customary units 5322:"The Trouble with the Meter" 5047:(FPS) system, as opposed to 4861:Bolts and screws follow the 4835:is used for most metal wire. 4006:Cooking weights and measures 3981:In agricultural practice, a 884:International nautical units 418:List of international units 111:international yard and pound 5718:Code of Federal Regulations 5284:Central Intelligence Agency 5174:September 30, 2012, at the 5011:in the U.S. is measured in 4655:) = 1.75 in = 44.45 mm 2013:List of US units of volume 7341: 6305:Kilopounds per square inch 5786:. Cedar Fort. p. 13. 4960:, however, is measured in 4305: 4277: 4244: 4204: 4171: 4126: 4094: 4049: 4003: 3321: 3130:(0.55061047135749 L) 144: 29: 6538:English Engineering Units 6407:English Engineering Units 5919: 5643:October 18, 2011, at the 5637:Avoirdupois Units of Mass 5613:December 5, 2011, at the 5229:The Columbia Encyclopedia 4828:US standard clothing size 3314:in agricultural regions. 3284:(115.62712358400 L) 3236:(35.239070166879 L) 3210:(8.8097675417199 L) 3184:(4.4048837708599 L) 3157:(1.1012209427149 L) 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2278: 2242:), and one for measuring 2026: 2023: 2020: 2017: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1698:List of US units of area 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 329:in North America was the 6314:Other units and measures 5782:Wells, Larry J. (1981). 5533:Updated January 4, 2023. 5407:National Geodetic Survey 4686:⋅s/ft ≈ 14.59390 kg 1806:4356 sq ft (survey) 1266:(deprecated since 2023) 1134:List of US Survey units 228:United States Government 186:of 1975, which made the 137:(SI) per thousand feet. 82:that were in use in the 30:Not to be confused with 6577:Quantum chromodynamical 5571:21CFR101.9(b)(5)(viii) 5560:Special Publication 811 5355:Technical News Bulletin 5324:. Technologyreview.com. 5320:Ed Tenner, (May 2005). 5216:Laws and Metric Program 4867:ISO metric screw thread 4863:Unified Thread Standard 4809:(ft⋅°F⋅h/Btu) ≈ 0.1761 2244:volumes of dry material 6690:centimeter–gram–second 6454:Systems of measurement 6300:Pounds per square inch 5763:Cite journal requires 5169:Order of April 5, 1893 5082:History of measurement 5049:centimeter–gram–second 4648:= 4 in = 101.6 mm 4627: 4516: 2970:One US fluid ounce is 2199:1.23348183754752  2009: 218:, signed by President 56: 7212:Biblical and Talmudic 6678:meter–kilogram–second 5936:Thousandth of an inch 5596:. p. C-6, C-11, C-16. 5053:meter–kilogram–second 4936:thousandth of an inch 4779:(psi) ≈ 6,895 Pa 4777:pound per square inch 4628: 4517: 4399:also saw some use in 4371:(e.g. of chocolate), 2361:3.6966911953125  2332:61.611519921875  2007: 1923:1 sq mi (survey) 1620:(international mile) 508:thousandth of an inch 232:Secretary of Commerce 216:Executive Order 12770 184:Metric Conversion Act 165:American independence 133:of wire expressed in 131:electrical resistance 66:commonly used in the 42: 6376:Ton of refrigeration 6326:British thermal unit 5523:. September 23, 2019 5282:. Washington, D.C.: 5098:Mars Climate Orbiter 5086:units of measurement 4858:inch (0.40 mm). 4758:ton of refrigeration 4729:British thermal unit 4528: 4434: 4397:absolute temperature 2538:44.36029434375  2437:14.78676478125  2146:0.764554857984  2141:764.554857984 L 1860: sq ft (survey) 331:North American Datum 43:Countries using the 6392:American wire gauge 6366:Pound-foot (torque) 6351:Foot-pound (energy) 5231:6th ed. 2001-2007. 5131:. December 26, 2015 5129:The Nation Thailand 5105:Standard cubic foot 5077:Conversion of units 4833:American wire gauge 4015: 3694:1,016.0469088  3334: 3086: 2990:of a US quart, and 2961:238.480942392  2902:158.987294928  2856:119.240471196  2682:imp fl oz 2495:29.5735295625  2487:imp fl oz 2392:4.92892159375  2275: 2014: 1699: 1135: 890: 419: 413:International units 113:agreement of 1959. 6480:UK imperial system 6402:Body jewelry sizes 6397:Avoirdupois system 5376:"U.S. Survey Foot" 5280:The World Factbook 4623: 4571: 4512: 4477: 4010: 3864:(13.16571429  3332: 3099:Metric equivalent 3084: 2623:US fl oz 2586:118.29411825  2578:US fl oz 2522:US fl oz 2459:US fl oz 2288:Metric equivalent 2273: 2099:28.316846592  2012: 2010: 1697: 1133: 888: 417: 201:CIA World Factbook 57: 7307: 7306: 7195: 7194: 6659: 6658: 6650:Foot–pound–second 6590: 6589: 6567:Heaviside–Lorentz 6420: 6419: 6183: 6182: 5663:. August 20, 2019 5462:. October 5, 2020 5311:, Ockham's Razor. 5258:978-0-486-13162-7 5045:foot–pound–second 4990:alcohol by volume 4952:Nominal Pipe Size 4570: 4476: 4333: 4332: 3881: 3880: 3874:373.2417216  3596:50.80234544  3448:1.771845195  3288: 3287: 2968: 2967: 2826:3.785411784  2766:1.892705892  2736:0.946352946  2690:0.473176473  2631:236.5882365  2220: 2219: 1990: 1989: 1690: 1689: 1119: 1118: 881: 880: 341:of 1893, that is 220:George H. W. Bush 64:measurement units 62:form a system of 16:(Redirected from 7332: 7325:Systems of units 6774:Mesures usuelles 6684:meter–ton–second 6668: 6599: 6465: 6447: 6440: 6433: 6424: 6037: 5906: 5899: 5892: 5883: 5864: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5853: 5845: 5839: 5838: 5836: 5834: 5819: 5813: 5804: 5798: 5797: 5779: 5773: 5772: 5766: 5761: 5759: 5751: 5746:Graham, Eunice. 5743: 5737: 5736: 5731: 5729: 5724:. April 12, 2012 5715: 5707: 5701: 5700: 5698: 5696: 5687: 5679: 5673: 5672: 5670: 5668: 5653: 5647: 5628: 5622: 5603: 5597: 5584: 5575: 5569: 5563: 5553: 5547: 5540: 5534: 5532: 5530: 5528: 5509: 5500: 5491:Federal Register 5487: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5467: 5459:Federal Register 5450: 5441: 5440: 5438: 5436: 5425: 5419: 5418: 5416: 5414: 5398: 5392: 5391: 5389: 5387: 5372: 5363: 5362: 5347: 5341: 5340: 5331: 5325: 5318: 5312: 5301: 5295: 5294: 5292: 5290: 5272: 5263: 5262: 5242: 5236: 5225: 5219: 5213: 5207: 5203:Federal Register 5194: 5183: 5162: 5156: 5147: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5121: 4973: 4972: 4968: 4922: 4920: 4914: 4912: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4873:Knitting needles 4865:rather than the 4857: 4856: 4852: 4632: 4630: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4618: 4606: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4599: 4579: 4578: 4572: 4563: 4557: 4556: 4555: 4551: 4550: 4524:or inversely as 4521: 4519: 4518: 4513: 4505: 4504: 4503: 4499: 4498: 4478: 4469: 4463: 4462: 4461: 4457: 4456: 4425: 4421: 4255: 4240: 4223: 4215: 4200: 4167: 4153: 4145: 4137: 4116: 4105: 4090: 4076: 4068: 4060: 4016: 4000:Cooking measures 3847: 3834:31.1034768  3831: 3818: 3805:1.55517384  3798: 3789: 3773: 3754: 3753: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3736: 3735: 3730: 3729: 3725: 3710: 3682: 3666: 3641: 3620: 3612: 3578: 3570: 3536: 3528: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3461: 3441: 3432: 3431: 3426: 3425: 3421: 3418: 3402: 3386: 3385: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3363: 3335: 3277: 3268: 3260: 3246: 3233: 3220: 3207: 3194: 3181: 3167: 3154: 3140: 3127: 3122: 3109: 3087: 3052: 3044: 3040: 3033: 3032: 3028: 3019: 3018: 3014: 3009: 3008: 3004: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2989: 2988: 2984: 2979: 2978: 2974: 2955: 2947: 2939: 2931: 2915: 2896: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2869: 2853: 2839: 2820: 2812: 2790: 2782: 2763: 2749: 2733: 2714: 2706: 2677: 2655: 2647: 2625: 2617: 2599: 2580: 2571: 2570: 2566: 2551: 2532: 2524: 2508: 2482: 2461: 2453: 2431: 2423: 2405: 2389: 2374: 2358: 2345: 2325: 2315: 2298: 2276: 2212: 2203: 2188: 2179: 2163: 2150: 2142: 2134: 2118: 2113: 2103: 2095: 2079: 2074: 2064: 2045: 2037: 2015: 1982: 1980: 1969: 1964: 1948: 1937: 1935: 1924: 1919: 1903: 1893: 1891: 1887: 1879: 1877: 1866: 1861: 1859: 1844: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1821: 1812: 1807: 1790: 1785: 1771: 1766: 1763: 1755: 1738: 1733: 1700: 1686: 1681: 1670: 1664: 1663: 1658: 1657: 1653: 1643: 1630: 1619: 1617: 1606: 1601: 1593: 1592: 1587: 1586: 1582: 1572: 1557:U.S. survey mile 1550: 1540: 1528: 1519: 1518: 1513: 1512: 1508: 1498: 1485: 1475: 1464: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1449: 1445: 1432: 1424: 1408: 1398: 1386: 1377: 1376: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1353: 1345: 1317: 1300: 1298: 1290: 1289: 1284: 1283: 1279: 1264:U.S. survey foot 1260: 1253: 1248: 1237: 1232: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1217: 1213: 1200: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1185: 1181: 1166: 1136: 1112: 1104: 1090: 1082: 1063: 1055: 1039: 1037: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1006: 998: 982: 969: 961: 960: 955: 954: 950: 937: 929: 913: 891: 877: 872: 862: 857: 850: 832: 822: 817: 807: 799: 781: 771: 763: 748: 738: 730: 712: 704: 691: 683: 668: 660: 643: 634: 633: 628: 627: 623: 613: 603: 592: 583: 582: 577: 576: 572: 562: 560: 559: 555: 543: 536: 531: 530: 527: 526: 522: 501: 490: 485: 473: 472: 468: 461: 460: 456: 442: 420: 385: 384: 380: 375: 374: 364: 363: 358: 357: 353: 347: 339:Mendenhall Order 313:. The U.S., the 312: 308: 301: 299: 293: 292: 287: 286: 282: 224:executive branch 107:Mendenhall Order 72:U.S. territories 21: 7340: 7339: 7335: 7334: 7333: 7331: 7330: 7329: 7310: 7309: 7308: 7303: 7277: 7251: 7191: 7135: 7089: 7008: 6897: 6700: 6655: 6628: 6586: 6543: 6501: 6456: 6451: 6421: 6416: 6385:Related systems 6380: 6309: 6295:Inch of mercury 6283: 6257: 6204: 6195:Feet per second 6179: 6138: 6112: 6066: 6028: 5992: 5924: 5915: 5910: 5873: 5868: 5867: 5857: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5846: 5842: 5832: 5830: 5821: 5820: 5816: 5805: 5801: 5794: 5781: 5780: 5776: 5762: 5752: 5745: 5744: 5740: 5727: 5725: 5713: 5709: 5708: 5704: 5694: 5692: 5685: 5681: 5680: 5676: 5666: 5664: 5655: 5654: 5650: 5645:Wayback Machine 5629: 5625: 5615:Wayback Machine 5604: 5600: 5585: 5578: 5570: 5566: 5554: 5550: 5541: 5537: 5526: 5524: 5511: 5510: 5503: 5488: 5475: 5465: 5463: 5452: 5451: 5444: 5434: 5432: 5427: 5426: 5422: 5412: 5410: 5400: 5399: 5395: 5385: 5383: 5374: 5373: 5366: 5349: 5348: 5344: 5333: 5332: 5328: 5319: 5315: 5302: 5298: 5288: 5286: 5274: 5273: 5266: 5259: 5244: 5243: 5239: 5226: 5222: 5214: 5210: 5195: 5186: 5176:Wayback Machine 5165:T.C. Mendenhall 5163: 5159: 5148: 5144: 5134: 5132: 5123: 5122: 5118: 5113: 5068: 5055:(MKS) systems. 5022: 4970: 4966: 4965: 4918: 4916: 4910: 4908: 4896: 4892: 4891: 4886:is measured in 4854: 4850: 4849: 4839:Scoop (utensil) 4815: 4770:inch of mercury 4638: 4592: 4586: 4543: 4537: 4526: 4525: 4491: 4485: 4449: 4443: 4432: 4431: 4424:212 °F = 100 °C 4423: 4419: 4381: 4250: 4235: 4218: 4210: 4195: 4162: 4148: 4140: 4132: 4111: 4100: 4085: 4071: 4063: 4055: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3979: 3871: 3842: 3826: 3813: 3802: 3793: 3784: 3768: 3757: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3740: 3739: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3722: 3721: 3705: 3691: 3677: 3661: 3653:907.18474  3650: 3636: 3623: 3615: 3607: 3581: 3573: 3565: 3554:45.359237  3539: 3531: 3523: 3512:453.59237  3491: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3456: 3445: 3436: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3413: 3397: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3372: 3371: 3358: 3330: 3322:Main articles: 3320: 3318:Mass and weight 3281: 3272: 3263: 3259:7056 cu in 3258: 3241: 3228: 3215: 3202: 3189: 3176: 3162: 3149: 3135: 3120: 3118: 3104: 3082: 3050: 3042: 3038: 3030: 3026: 3025: 3016: 3012: 3011: 3006: 3002: 3001: 2996: 2992: 2991: 2986: 2982: 2981: 2976: 2972: 2971: 2958: 2950: 2942: 2934: 2926: 2910: 2899: 2891: 2884: 2880: 2879: 2864: 2848: 2834: 2823: 2815: 2807: 2793: 2785: 2777: 2758: 2744: 2728: 2717: 2709: 2701: 2687: 2672: 2658: 2650: 2642: 2628: 2620: 2612: 2594: 2583: 2575: 2568: 2564: 2563: 2546: 2535: 2527: 2519: 2503: 2492: 2477: 2464: 2456: 2448: 2434: 2426: 2418: 2400: 2384: 2369: 2353: 2340: 2329: 2320: 2310: 2293: 2271: 2251:imperial system 2216: 2208:1,233.482  2207: 2198: 2192: 2184:1,613.333  2183: 2174: 2158: 2153: 2145: 2140: 2129: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2098: 2090: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2060:16.387064  2059: 2048: 2040: 2035: 2002: 1978: 1976: 1972: 1967: 1959: 1952:survey township 1946: 1933: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1914: 1898: 1889: 1885: 1883: 1875: 1873: 1869: 1864: 1857: 1855: 1839: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1820:404.6873 m 1819: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1750: 1741: 1736: 1728: 1695: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1668: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1650: 1649: 1638: 1625: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1599: 1597: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1567: 1564: 1545: 1535: 1532: 1523: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1505: 1504: 1493: 1480: 1470: 1467: 1459: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1435: 1427: 1419: 1403: 1393: 1390: 1381: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1363: 1362: 1356: 1348: 1340: 1334: 1312: 1304: 1296: 1294: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1276: 1275: 1258: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1230: 1228: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1210: 1209: 1203: 1195: 1187: 1183: 1179: 1178: 1177: 1161: 1124: 1122:US survey units 1115: 1107: 1099: 1093: 1085: 1077: 1066: 1058: 1050: 1042: 1035: 1033: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1016: 1015: 1009: 1001: 993: 977: 972: 964: 956: 952: 948: 947: 946: 940: 932: 924: 908: 886: 870: 868: 865: 855: 853: 845: 827: 815: 813: 810: 802: 794: 776: 766: 758: 743: 733: 725: 715: 707: 699: 686: 681: 671: 663: 655: 647: 638: 629: 625: 621: 620: 619: 611: 601: 596: 587: 578: 574: 570: 569: 568: 557: 553: 552: 551: 541: 534: 528: 524: 520: 519: 518: 515: 496: 483: 481: 477: 470: 466: 465: 458: 454: 453: 437: 415: 382: 378: 377: 372: 370: 359: 355: 351: 350: 349: 342: 310: 303: 297: 295: 294:(approximately 288: 284: 280: 279: 278: 259: 210:Myanmar (Burma) 157:imperial system 153: 143: 78:developed from 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7338: 7336: 7328: 7327: 7322: 7312: 7311: 7305: 7304: 7302: 7301: 7296: 7291: 7289:Absolute scale 7285: 7283: 7279: 7278: 7276: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7259: 7257: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7209: 7203: 7201: 7197: 7196: 7193: 7192: 7190: 7189: 7184: 7179: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7143: 7141: 7137: 7136: 7134: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7103: 7097: 7095: 7091: 7090: 7088: 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7016: 7014: 7010: 7009: 7007: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6961: 6956: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6905: 6903: 6899: 6898: 6896: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6794: 6793: 6783: 6778: 6777: 6776: 6771: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6750: 6749: 6744: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6698: 6693: 6687: 6681: 6674: 6672: 6665: 6661: 6660: 6657: 6656: 6654: 6653: 6647: 6642: 6636: 6634: 6630: 6629: 6627: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6605: 6603: 6596: 6592: 6591: 6588: 6587: 6585: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6553: 6551: 6545: 6544: 6542: 6541: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6509: 6507: 6503: 6502: 6500: 6499: 6498: 6497: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6471: 6469: 6462: 6458: 6457: 6452: 6450: 6449: 6442: 6435: 6427: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6388: 6386: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6378: 6373: 6371:Spinning count 6368: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6338: 6333: 6331:Degree (angle) 6328: 6323: 6317: 6315: 6311: 6310: 6308: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6291: 6289: 6285: 6284: 6282: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6265: 6263: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6255: 6254: 6253: 6248: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6212: 6210: 6206: 6205: 6203: 6202: 6200:Miles per hour 6197: 6191: 6189: 6185: 6184: 6181: 6180: 6178: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6152: 6146: 6144: 6140: 6139: 6137: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6120: 6118: 6114: 6113: 6111: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6074: 6072: 6068: 6067: 6065: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6043: 6041: 6034: 6030: 6029: 6027: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6000: 5998: 5994: 5993: 5991: 5990: 5989: 5988: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5932: 5930: 5926: 5925: 5920: 5917: 5916: 5911: 5909: 5908: 5901: 5894: 5886: 5880: 5879: 5872: 5871:External links 5869: 5866: 5865: 5840: 5814: 5807:15 U.S.C. 5799: 5792: 5774: 5765:|journal= 5738: 5702: 5674: 5648: 5623: 5598: 5576: 5564: 5548: 5535: 5501: 5473: 5442: 5420: 5393: 5364: 5342: 5326: 5313: 5309:Radio National 5296: 5264: 5257: 5237: 5220: 5208: 5184: 5157: 5142: 5115: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5108: 5107: 5102: 5094: 5088: 5079: 5074: 5067: 5064: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5006: 4999: 4992: 4988:, 2 × percent 4982: 4975: 4955: 4949: 4939: 4924: 4901: 4880: 4870: 4859: 4842: 4836: 4830: 4818: 4817: 4813: 4796: 4795: 4781: 4780: 4773: 4762: 4761: 4754: 4740: 4739: 4732: 4725: 4724:≈ 1.356 J 4714: 4713: 4703: 4688: 4687: 4672: 4671: 4657: 4656: 4649: 4637: 4634: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4609: 4603: 4598: 4594: 4589: 4585: 4582: 4577: 4569: 4566: 4560: 4554: 4549: 4545: 4540: 4536: 4533: 4511: 4508: 4502: 4497: 4493: 4488: 4484: 4481: 4475: 4472: 4466: 4460: 4455: 4451: 4446: 4442: 4439: 4409:degree Celsius 4401:thermodynamics 4380: 4377: 4331: 4330: 4327: 4321: 4315: 4312: 4309: 4303: 4302: 4299: 4293: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4275: 4274: 4271: 4265: 4259: 4256: 4248: 4242: 4241: 4233: 4227: 4224: 4216: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4193: 4187: 4181: 4178: 4175: 4169: 4168: 4160: 4154: 4146: 4138: 4130: 4124: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4109: 4106: 4098: 4092: 4091: 4083: 4077: 4069: 4061: 4053: 4047: 4046: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4012: 4004:Main article: 4001: 3998: 3997: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3978: 3977:Grain measures 3975: 3879: 3878: 3872: 3870: 3869: 3862: 3855: 3853: 3848: 3839: 3838: 3832: 3824: 3819: 3810: 3809: 3803: 3801: 3800: 3790: 3781: 3779: 3774: 3765: 3764: 3760:64.79891  3758: 3756: 3755: 3737: 3718: 3716: 3711: 3703: 3699: 3698: 3692: 3690: 3689: 3683: 3674: 3672: 3667: 3658: 3657: 3651: 3649: 3648: 3642: 3633: 3631: 3624: 3622: 3621: 3613: 3604: 3601: 3600: 3594: 3588: 3582: 3580: 3579: 3571: 3562: 3559: 3558: 3552: 3546: 3540: 3538: 3537: 3529: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3510: 3504: 3497: 3488: 3487: 3475: 3469: 3462: 3453: 3452: 3446: 3444: 3443: 3433: 3410: 3408: 3403: 3394: 3393: 3389:64.79891  3387: 3369: 3364: 3356: 3352: 3351: 3350:SI equivalent 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3319: 3316: 3286: 3285: 3282: 3280: 3279: 3269: 3261: 3255: 3253: 3247: 3238: 3237: 3234: 3226: 3221: 3212: 3211: 3208: 3200: 3195: 3186: 3185: 3182: 3174: 3168: 3159: 3158: 3155: 3147: 3141: 3132: 3131: 3128: 3116: 3110: 3101: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3081: 3078: 3045:respectively. 2980:of a US pint, 2966: 2965: 2959: 2957: 2956: 2951:8.421875  2948: 2940: 2932: 2923: 2921: 2916: 2907: 2906: 2900: 2898: 2897: 2889: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2861: 2860: 2854: 2846: 2840: 2831: 2830: 2824: 2822: 2821: 2813: 2804: 2802: 2794: 2792: 2791: 2783: 2774: 2771: 2770: 2764: 2756: 2750: 2741: 2740: 2734: 2726: 2718: 2716: 2715: 2707: 2698: 2695: 2694: 2688: 2686: 2685: 2678: 2669: 2667: 2659: 2657: 2656: 2648: 2639: 2636: 2635: 2629: 2627: 2626: 2618: 2609: 2607: 2600: 2591: 2590: 2584: 2582: 2581: 2573: 2559: 2557: 2552: 2543: 2542: 2536: 2534: 2533: 2525: 2516: 2514: 2509: 2500: 2499: 2493: 2491: 2490: 2483: 2474: 2472: 2469:US fluid ounce 2465: 2463: 2462: 2454: 2445: 2442: 2441: 2435: 2433: 2432: 2424: 2415: 2413: 2406: 2397: 2396: 2390: 2382: 2375: 2366: 2365: 2359: 2351: 2346: 2337: 2336: 2330: 2328: 2327: 2317: 2306: 2304: 2299: 2290: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2270: 2267: 2218: 2217: 2215: 2214: 2204: 2195: 2193: 2191: 2190: 2180: 2171: 2169: 2164: 2155: 2154: 2152: 2151: 2143: 2137: 2135: 2127: 2122: 2120: 2119: 2114: 2108: 2105: 2104: 2096: 2088: 2083: 2081: 2080: 2075: 2069: 2066: 2065: 2057: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2046: 2038: 2032: 2029: 2028: 2027:SI equivalent 2025: 2022: 2019: 2001: 1998: 1988: 1987: 1984: 1973: 1971: 1970: 1968:16 sq lea 1965: 1956: 1954: 1949: 1943: 1942: 1939: 1928: 1926: 1925: 1920: 1911: 1909: 1904: 1895: 1894: 1881: 1870: 1868: 1867: 1862: 1852: 1850: 1845: 1836: 1835: 1823: 1816: 1814: 1813: 1811:16 sq rod 1808: 1802: 1800: 1794: 1792: 1791: 1786: 1780: 1777: 1776: 1773: 1756: 1748: 1744:square survey 1742: 1740: 1739: 1734: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1714: 1713: 1712:SI equivalent 1710: 1707: 1704: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1687: 1675: 1673: 1672: 1665: 1646: 1644: 1636: 1631: 1622: 1621: 1611: 1609: 1608: 1594: 1575: 1573: 1565: 1563: 1562: 1561:"statute mile" 1559: 1553: 1551: 1542: 1541: 1533: 1531: 1530: 1520: 1501: 1499: 1491: 1486: 1477: 1476: 1468: 1466: 1465: 1457: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1433: 1425: 1416: 1414: 1409: 1400: 1399: 1391: 1389: 1388: 1378: 1359: 1357: 1355: 1354: 1346: 1337: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1320: 1318: 1309: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1302: 1291: 1272: 1270: 1267: 1261: 1255: 1254: 1242: 1240: 1239: 1225: 1206: 1204: 1202: 1201: 1193: 1174: 1172: 1167: 1158: 1157: 1154: 1150: 1149: 1148:SI equivalent 1146: 1143: 1140: 1123: 1120: 1117: 1116: 1114: 1113: 1105: 1096: 1094: 1092: 1091: 1083: 1074: 1072: 1067: 1065: 1064: 1056: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1041: 1040: 1031: 1012: 1010: 1008: 1007: 999: 990: 988: 983: 974: 973: 971: 970: 962: 943: 941: 939: 938: 930: 921: 919: 914: 905: 904: 903:SI equivalent 901: 898: 895: 885: 882: 879: 878: 866: 864: 863: 851: 842: 840: 833: 824: 823: 811: 809: 808: 800: 791: 789: 782: 773: 772: 764: 756: 749: 740: 739: 731: 723: 716: 714: 713: 705: 696: 693: 692: 684: 679: 672: 670: 669: 661: 652: 649: 648: 646: 645: 635: 616: 614: 609: 604: 598: 597: 595: 594: 584: 565: 563: 549: 544: 538: 537: 532: 516: 514: 513: 510: 504: 502: 493: 492: 478: 476: 475: 463: 450: 448: 443: 434: 433: 432:SI equivalent 430: 427: 424: 414: 411: 367:US survey foot 327:geodetic datum 315:United Kingdom 258: 255: 142: 139: 88:imperial units 84:British Empire 32:Imperial units 26: 24: 18:US fluid ounce 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7337: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7317: 7315: 7300: 7297: 7295: 7292: 7290: 7287: 7286: 7284: 7280: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7260: 7258: 7256:List articles 7254: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7208: 7205: 7204: 7202: 7198: 7188: 7185: 7183: 7180: 7178: 7175: 7173: 7170: 7168: 7165: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7142: 7140:South America 7138: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7102: 7099: 7098: 7096: 7094:North America 7092: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7075:South African 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7017: 7015: 7011: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6960: 6957: 6955: 6952: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6906: 6904: 6900: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6823:Luxembourgian 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6792: 6789: 6788: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6766: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6739: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6703: 6697: 6696:gravitational 6694: 6691: 6688: 6685: 6682: 6679: 6676: 6675: 6673: 6669: 6666: 6662: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6637: 6635: 6631: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6606: 6604: 6600: 6597: 6593: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6554: 6552: 6550: 6546: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6516: 6514: 6513:Apothecaries' 6511: 6510: 6508: 6504: 6496: 6493: 6492: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6459: 6455: 6448: 6443: 6441: 6436: 6434: 6429: 6428: 6425: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6389: 6387: 6383: 6377: 6374: 6372: 6369: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6324: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6316: 6312: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6292: 6290: 6286: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6260: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6243: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6236:Hundredweight 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6207: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6190: 6186: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6141: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6121: 6119: 6115: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6075: 6073: 6069: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6044: 6042: 6038: 6035: 6031: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5995: 5987: 5984: 5983: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5933: 5931: 5927: 5923: 5918: 5914: 5907: 5902: 5900: 5895: 5893: 5888: 5887: 5884: 5878: 5875: 5874: 5870: 5850: 5844: 5841: 5829: 5828:The ANSI Blog 5825: 5818: 5815: 5812: 5808: 5803: 5800: 5795: 5789: 5785: 5778: 5775: 5770: 5757: 5749: 5742: 5739: 5735: 5723: 5719: 5712: 5706: 5703: 5691: 5684: 5678: 5675: 5662: 5658: 5652: 5649: 5646: 5642: 5639: 5638: 5634: 5627: 5624: 5620: 5616: 5612: 5609: 5608: 5602: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5590: 5583: 5581: 5577: 5574: 5568: 5565: 5561: 5558: 5552: 5549: 5545: 5539: 5536: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5508: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5497: 5492: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5474: 5461: 5460: 5455: 5449: 5447: 5443: 5430: 5424: 5421: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5397: 5394: 5381: 5377: 5371: 5369: 5365: 5360: 5356: 5352: 5346: 5343: 5338: 5337: 5330: 5327: 5323: 5317: 5314: 5310: 5307:. Australian 5306: 5300: 5297: 5285: 5281: 5277: 5271: 5269: 5265: 5260: 5254: 5250: 5249: 5241: 5238: 5234: 5233:archived copy 5230: 5224: 5221: 5217: 5212: 5209: 5205: 5204: 5199: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5177: 5173: 5170: 5166: 5161: 5158: 5154: 5153: 5146: 5143: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5117: 5110: 5106: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5095: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5063: 5061: 5056: 5054: 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5025: 5019: 5014: 5010: 5007: 5004: 5000: 4997: 4993: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4980: 4976: 4963: 4959: 4958:Copper tubing 4956: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4943: 4940: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4906: 4905:circular mils 4902: 4889: 4885: 4884:aluminum foil 4882:Thickness of 4881: 4878: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4847: 4844:Thickness of 4843: 4840: 4837: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4824: 4821: 4812: 4808: 4806: 4801: 4800: 4799: 4794: 4791:≈ 1.356  4790: 4786: 4785: 4784: 4778: 4774: 4771: 4767: 4766: 4765: 4759: 4755: 4753: 4750:≈ 745.7  4749: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4737: 4733: 4730: 4726: 4723: 4719: 4718: 4717: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4692: 4691: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4676: 4675: 4670: 4666: 4662: 4661: 4660: 4654: 4650: 4647: 4643: 4642: 4641: 4635: 4633: 4620: 4610: 4607: 4596: 4593: 4583: 4567: 4564: 4558: 4547: 4544: 4534: 4522: 4509: 4506: 4495: 4492: 4482: 4473: 4470: 4464: 4453: 4450: 4440: 4429: 4422:and boils at 4417: 4412: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4393:Rankine scale 4390: 4386: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4328: 4326: 4322: 4320: 4316: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4292: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4270: 4266: 4264: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4249: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4225: 4222: 4217: 4214: 4209: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4194: 4192: 4188: 4186: 4182: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4161: 4159: 4155: 4152: 4147: 4144: 4139: 4136: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4118: 4115: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4099: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4084: 4082: 4078: 4075: 4070: 4067: 4062: 4059: 4054: 4052: 4048: 4045: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4007: 3999: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3987: 3986: 3984: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3938: 3936: 3932: 3928: 3924: 3920: 3915: 3913: 3908: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3889:apothecaries' 3886: 3877: 3873: 3867: 3863: 3861: 3857: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3846: 3841: 3840: 3837: 3833: 3830: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3812: 3811: 3808: 3804: 3797: 3791: 3788: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3767: 3766: 3763: 3759: 3752: 3738: 3734: 3720: 3719: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3709: 3704: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3688: 3684: 3681: 3676: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3665: 3660: 3659: 3656: 3652: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3635: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3629: 3625: 3619: 3614: 3611: 3606: 3605: 3603: 3602: 3599: 3595: 3593: 3589: 3587: 3586:hundredweight 3583: 3577: 3572: 3569: 3564: 3563: 3561: 3560: 3557: 3553: 3551: 3547: 3545: 3544:hundredweight 3541: 3535: 3530: 3527: 3522: 3521: 3519: 3518: 3515: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3503: 3502: 3498: 3495: 3490: 3489: 3476: 3474: 3470: 3468: 3467: 3463: 3460: 3455: 3454: 3451: 3447: 3440: 3434: 3430: 3412: 3411: 3409: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3396: 3395: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3336: 3329: 3325: 3324:Pound (force) 3317: 3315: 3313: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3297: 3292: 3283: 3276: 3270: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3240: 3239: 3235: 3232: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3214: 3213: 3209: 3206: 3201: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3188: 3187: 3183: 3180: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3166: 3161: 3160: 3156: 3153: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3134: 3133: 3129: 3126: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3103: 3102: 3088: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3070: 3066: 3064: 3059: 3054: 3046: 3035: 3023: 2964: 2960: 2954: 2949: 2946: 2941: 2938: 2933: 2930: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2917: 2914: 2909: 2908: 2905: 2901: 2895: 2890: 2877: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2863: 2862: 2859: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2833: 2832: 2829: 2825: 2819: 2814: 2811: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2800: 2799: 2795: 2789: 2784: 2781: 2776: 2775: 2773: 2772: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2743: 2742: 2739: 2735: 2732: 2727: 2724: 2723: 2719: 2713: 2708: 2705: 2700: 2699: 2697: 2696: 2693: 2689: 2683: 2679: 2676: 2671: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2660: 2654: 2649: 2646: 2641: 2640: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2624: 2619: 2616: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2605: 2601: 2598: 2593: 2592: 2589: 2585: 2579: 2574: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2545: 2544: 2541: 2537: 2531: 2526: 2523: 2518: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2502: 2501: 2498: 2494: 2488: 2485:(1.0408  2484: 2481: 2476: 2475: 2473: 2471: 2470: 2466: 2460: 2455: 2452: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2443: 2440: 2436: 2430: 2425: 2422: 2417: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2411: 2407: 2404: 2399: 2398: 2395: 2391: 2388: 2383: 2381: 2380: 2376: 2373: 2368: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2357: 2352: 2350: 2349:US fluid dram 2347: 2344: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2331: 2324: 2318: 2314: 2308: 2307: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2297: 2292: 2291: 2277: 2268: 2266: 2262: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2247: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2211: 2205: 2202: 2197: 2196: 2194: 2187: 2181: 2178: 2173: 2172: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2157: 2156: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2128: 2126: 2123: 2115: 2110: 2109: 2107: 2106: 2102: 2097: 2094: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2076: 2071: 2070: 2068: 2067: 2063: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2033: 2031: 2030: 2016: 2006: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1985: 1974: 1966: 1963: 1958: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1945: 1944: 1940: 1929: 1921: 1918: 1913: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1897: 1896: 1882: 1871: 1865:10 sq ch 1863: 1854: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1843: 1838: 1837: 1824: 1817: 1809: 1804: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1787: 1782: 1781: 1779: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1757: 1754: 1749: 1747: 1743: 1735: 1732: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1723: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1701: 1692: 1685: 1676: 1669:4.828 km 1666: 1662: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1642: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1624: 1623: 1612: 1605: 1595: 1591: 1577: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1566: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1552: 1549: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1536:201.168  1534: 1527: 1524:201.168  1521: 1517: 1503: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1492: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1471:20.1168  1469: 1463: 1458: 1454: 1440: 1439: 1437: 1431: 1426: 1423: 1418: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1402: 1401: 1397: 1392: 1385: 1379: 1375: 1361: 1360: 1358: 1352: 1347: 1344: 1339: 1338: 1336: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1311: 1310: 1306: 1292: 1288: 1274: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1257: 1256: 1252: 1243: 1236: 1226: 1222: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1199: 1194: 1190: 1176: 1175: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1160: 1159: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1137: 1131: 1129: 1121: 1111: 1106: 1103: 1098: 1097: 1095: 1089: 1084: 1081: 1076: 1075: 1073: 1071: 1070:nautical mile 1068: 1062: 1057: 1054: 1049: 1048: 1046: 1045: 1032: 1028: 1014: 1013: 1011: 1005: 1000: 997: 992: 991: 989: 987: 984: 981: 976: 975: 968: 963: 959: 945: 944: 942: 936: 931: 928: 923: 922: 920: 918: 915: 912: 907: 906: 902: 899: 896: 893: 892: 883: 876: 867: 861: 852: 849: 844: 843: 841: 839: 838: 834: 831: 826: 825: 821: 812: 806: 801: 798: 793: 792: 790: 788: 787: 783: 780: 775: 774: 770: 765: 762: 757: 755: 754: 750: 747: 742: 741: 737: 732: 729: 724: 722: 721: 717: 711: 706: 703: 698: 697: 695: 694: 690: 685: 680: 678: 677: 673: 667: 662: 659: 654: 653: 651: 650: 642: 636: 632: 618: 617: 615: 610: 608: 605: 600: 599: 591: 588:352.778  585: 581: 567: 566: 564: 550: 548: 545: 540: 539: 533: 517: 511: 509: 506: 505: 503: 500: 495: 494: 489: 479: 464: 452: 451: 449: 447: 444: 441: 436: 435: 431: 428: 425: 422: 421: 412: 410: 408: 403: 399: 396: 391: 389: 368: 362: 346: 340: 336: 335:triangulation 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 311:0.9144 m 307: 291: 276: 272: 268: 264: 256: 254: 252: 247: 245: 241: 235: 233: 229: 225: 221: 217: 213: 211: 207: 203: 202: 197: 196:metrification 193: 189: 188:metric system 185: 180: 176: 174: 170: 166: 162: 161:English units 158: 152: 148: 140: 138: 136: 132: 128: 124: 123:metric system 120: 114: 112: 108: 104: 100: 95: 93: 89: 85: 81: 80:English units 77: 73: 69: 68:United States 65: 61: 54: 50: 46: 41: 37: 33: 19: 7237:Mesopotamian 7131:Puerto Rican 6528:Astronomical 6484: 6346:Foot-lambert 6321:Bolt (cloth) 5912: 5856:. Retrieved 5843: 5833:February 25, 5831:. Retrieved 5827: 5817: 5802: 5783: 5777: 5756:cite journal 5741: 5733: 5726:. Retrieved 5717: 5705: 5693:. Retrieved 5689: 5677: 5665:. Retrieved 5660: 5651: 5636: 5632: 5626: 5606: 5601: 5588: 5567: 5556: 5551: 5538: 5527:December 14, 5525:. Retrieved 5516: 5495: 5490: 5464:. Retrieved 5457: 5435:February 25, 5433:. Retrieved 5423: 5411:. Retrieved 5405: 5396: 5384:. Retrieved 5379: 5358: 5354: 5345: 5335: 5329: 5316: 5308: 5299: 5287:. Retrieved 5279: 5247: 5240: 5228: 5223: 5211: 5201: 5160: 5151: 5145: 5133:. Retrieved 5128: 5119: 5097: 5057: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5028: 5026: 5023: 4962:nominal size 4931: 4927: 4887: 4822: 4819: 4810: 4804: 4797: 4782: 4763: 4741: 4715: 4689: 4673: 4658: 4639: 4523: 4420:32 °F = 0 °C 4413: 4389:temperatures 4382: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4357:fluid ounces 4356: 4352: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4336: 4334: 4267:473.18  4261:568.26  4229:236.59  4096:Dessertspoon 3980: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3950: 3939: 3916: 3909: 3882: 3626: 3499: 3464: 3355:Avoirdupois 3333:Conversions 3328:Pound (mass) 3310:and similar 3289: 3073: 3071: 3067: 3055: 3047: 3036: 2969: 2929:bbl (liquid) 2888:bbl (liquid) 2796: 2720: 2680:(16.65  2661: 2602: 2467: 2408: 2377: 2269:Fluid volume 2263: 2248: 2221: 2175:43,560  2112:1 cu yd 2073:1 cu ft 2036:1 cu in 1991: 1784:1 sq ch 1460:20.117  1394:5.0292  1125: 965:1.8288  835: 784: 767:0.9144  751: 734:0.3048  718: 674: 535:25.4 μm 406: 404: 400: 392: 366: 319:Commonwealth 260: 248: 236: 214: 199: 191: 181: 177: 154: 115: 96: 75: 59: 58: 36: 7101:Costa Rican 7065:Seychellois 6974:Singaporean 6769:Traditional 6624:Metrication 6562:Geometrized 6518:Avoirdupois 6341:Foot-candle 6274:Pound-force 6088:Fluid ounce 6024:Square mile 6014:Square yard 6009:Square foot 6004:Square inch 5811:§ 205b 5728:November 2, 5635:, page C-6 5573:2 1CFR101.9 5466:October 19, 5135:January 28, 4942:Sheet metal 4798:Insulation 4636:Other units 4379:Temperature 4189:29.57  4183:28.41  4173:Fluid ounce 4156:14.79  3947:pennyweight 3945:, troy has 3931:pound-force 3897:avoirdupois 3794:7.776  3777:pennyweight 3685:2,240  3644:2,000  3542:US (short) 3437:8.859  3273:3.281  3264:26.25  3022:avoirdupois 2945:US gal 2894:US gal 2872:oil barrel 2851:US gal 2236:wine gallon 2091:1,728  1878:.873 m 1717:Before 2023 1382:5.029  1153:Before 2023 1108:1.852  1086:8.439  1078:1.151  1002:1.091  639:4.233  192:voluntarily 173:Anglo-Saxon 7314:Categories 7187:Venezuelan 7172:Paraguayan 7126:Nicaraguan 7004:Vietnamese 6979:Sri Lankan 6964:Philippine 6924:Indonesian 6848:Portuguese 6742:Winchester 6645:Comparison 6595:Background 6533:Electrical 6356:Horsepower 6336:Fahrenheit 6124:Board foot 6083:Tablespoon 6062:Cubic mile 6057:Cubic yard 6052:Cubic foot 6047:Cubic inch 5793:0882908359 5111:References 5072:Board foot 5051:(CGS) and 4921:10 in 4913:10 mm 4789:pound-foot 4748:horsepower 4722:foot-pound 4665:board-foot 4385:Fahrenheit 4341:tablespoon 4323:3.79  4317:4.55  4295:0.95  4289:1.14  4128:Tablespoon 4079:4.93  3971:ammunition 3955:fluid dram 3851:troy pound 3822:troy ounce 3291:Dry volume 3096:Divisions 3080:Dry volume 3051:20 oz 3043:15 mL 2849:31.5  2731:US pt 2653:US pt 2410:tablespoon 2326:) of water 2321:0.95  2316:) of water 2285:Divisions 2232:cubic yard 2228:cubic foot 2224:cubic inch 2125:cubic yard 2086:cubic foot 2052:cubic inch 2024:Divisions 1947:1 twp 1731:sq ft 1720:From 2023 1349:16.5  1196:7.92  1156:From 2023 1100:1852  803:1760  795:5280  687:25.4  317:and other 145:See also: 7182:Uruguayan 7167:Colombian 7157:Brazilian 7147:Argentine 7085:Tanzanian 7055:Mauritian 7025:Ethiopian 6989:Taiwanese 6959:Pakistani 6939:Mongolian 6914:Cambodian 6833:Norwegian 6803:Icelandic 6798:Hungarian 6791:Byzantine 6747:Exchequer 6495:Hong Kong 6175:Acre-foot 6134:Face cord 5617:. (2005) 5386:March 29, 5382:. c. 2022 5289:April 22, 5029:customary 5009:Heat flux 4869:standard. 4764:Pressure 4653:rack unit 4608:− 4597:∘ 4548:∘ 4496:∘ 4454:∘ 4251:570  4236:240  4219:250  4211:250  4023:Australia 3628:short ton 3618:short ton 3590:112  3548:100  3347:Divisions 3039:5 mL 2937:bbl (oil) 2935:1.5  2845:(liquid) 2816:231  2801:(liquid) 2798:US gallon 2755:(liquid) 2753:US pottle 2725:(liquid) 2684:of water) 2666:(liquid) 2520:1.5  2489:of water) 2167:acre-foot 2117:1 yd 2078:1 ft 1915:640  1789:1 ch 1751:144  1737:1 ft 1709:Divisions 1259:1 ft 1145:Divisions 994:120  900:Divisions 612:12 p 429:Divisions 398:be used. 105:with the 70:and most 7268:Obsolete 7263:Humorous 7217:Egyptian 7177:Peruvian 7152:Bolivian 7116:Honduran 7080:Tunisian 7060:Moroccan 7050:Malagasy 7035:Eritrean 7030:Egyptian 7020:Algerian 6949:Nepalese 6929:Japanese 6863:Scottish 6853:Romanian 6754:Estonian 6664:Historic 6640:Overview 6609:Overview 6506:Specific 6288:Pressure 6078:Teaspoon 5641:Archived 5611:Archived 5172:Archived 5066:See also 5041:imperial 5033:standard 5013:langleys 4979:Schedule 4383:Degrees 4337:teaspoon 4196:30  4163:15  4149:15  4141:15  4133:20  4112:10  4101:10  4051:Teaspoon 4019:Measure 3905:imperial 3858:12  3827:20  3785:24  3680:long cwt 3678:20  3670:long ton 3637:20  3576:long cwt 3506:16  2943:63  2919:hogshead 2913:hogshead 2892:42  2722:US quart 2385:80  2379:teaspoon 2354:60  2130:27  1981: km 1962:sections 1960:36  1936: km 1618: km 1494:10  1428:66  1341:25  1038: km 726:12  682:6 P 602:1 P 542:1 p 240:military 103:kilogram 53:imperial 7299:Modulor 7273:Unusual 7242:Persian 7200:Ancient 7162:Chilean 7121:Mexican 7111:Haitian 7040:Guinean 6944:Myanmar 6883:Swedish 6878:Spanish 6868:Serbian 6858:Russian 6838:Ottoman 6828:Maltese 6818:Latvian 6813:Italian 6759:Finnish 6737:English 6717:Cypriot 6712:Cornish 6619:History 6614:Outline 6549:Natural 6490:Chinese 6468:General 6461:Current 6269:Poundal 6071:Cooking 6040:Derived 5986:statute 5976:Furlong 5858:July 1, 5695:May 28, 5667:May 28, 5413:May 16, 5037:English 4969:⁄ 4895:⁄ 4853:⁄ 4846:leather 4816:(K⋅m/W) 4783:Torque 4716:Energy 4700:newtons 4696:poundal 4659:Volume 4640:Length 4086:5  4072:5  4064:5  4056:5  3933:". 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1682:  1652:19,008 1634:league 1602:  1444:79,200 1365:19,800 1328:"pole" 1249:  1233:  917:fathom 873:  858:  837:league 818:  486:  482:17.638 273:, and 257:Length 45:metric 7282:Other 7247:Roman 7227:Hindu 7222:Greek 7106:Cuban 6994:Tatar 6954:Omani 6893:Welsh 6888:Swiss 6808:Irish 6786:Greek 6732:Dutch 6722:Czech 6692:(CGS) 6686:(MTS) 6680:(MKS) 6652:(FPS) 6633:UK/US 6262:Force 6251:Short 6231:Pound 6226:Ounce 6216:Grain 6188:Speed 6150:Minim 6143:Other 6103:Quart 5971:Chain 5852:(PDF) 5714:(PDF) 5686:(PDF) 5431:. n.d 5039:, or 4986:proof 4946:gauge 4917:7.854 4909:5.067 4674:Mass 4651:1 U ( 4426:at 1 4373:stick 4279:Quart 3927:pound 3923:force 3912:grams 3885:tower 3714:grain 3702:Troy 3584:long 3501:pound 3473:drams 3466:ounce 3367:grain 3298:, or 3296:pecks 3144:quart 3125:cu in 3093:Name 3090:Unit 2953:cu ft 2818:cu in 2810:US qt 2761:US qt 2712:US qt 2429:fl dr 2343:fl dr 2323:grain 2302:minim 2282:Name 2279:Unit 2259:pound 2186:cu yd 2177:cu ft 2132:cu ft 2093:cu in 2021:Name 2018:Unit 1932:2.589 1917:acres 1798:chain 1760:0.092 1678:4.828 1614:1.609 1598:1.609 1412:chain 1295:0.304 1245:0.201 1229:0.201 1034:0.219 1022:15625 986:cable 869:4.828 814:1.609 547:point 371:0.999 296:0.304 169:Roman 99:meter 6999:Thai 6969:Pegu 6902:Asia 6540:(US) 6523:Troy 6361:Perm 6246:Long 6221:Dram 6209:Mass 6160:Peck 6155:Gill 6129:Cord 6117:Wood 6098:Pint 6019:Acre 5997:Area 5981:Mile 5961:Yard 5956:Foot 5951:Link 5946:Hand 5941:Inch 5860:2012 5835:2024 5788:ISBN 5769:help 5730:2014 5697:2020 5669:2020 5529:2023 5517:NIST 5468:2023 5437:2024 5415:2009 5388:2023 5380:NIST 5291:2021 5253:ISBN 5137:2023 5084:and 5001:The 4996:cord 4994:The 4977:The 4932:thou 4926:The 4915:(or 4897:1000 4888:mils 4736:Quad 4682:= 1 4680:slug 4646:hand 4407:and 4246:Pint 3943:dram 3935:slug 3919:mass 3893:troy 3746:5760 3728:7000 3406:dram 3378:7000 3344:Name 3341:Unit 3338:Type 3326:and 3198:peck 3121:3125 3113:pint 3063:drum 3041:and 2645:pint 2530:tbsp 2480:tbsp 2451:floz 2403:tbsp 2313:drop 2238:and 2230:and 2222:The 1994:acre 1890:4224 1888:.856 1848:acre 1842:acre 1746:foot 1706:Name 1703:Unit 1693:Area 1656:3937 1585:3937 1581:6336 1511:3937 1448:3937 1369:3937 1297:8006 1282:3937 1278:1200 1216:3937 1170:link 1142:Name 1139:Unit 1018:3429 949:1143 897:Name 894:Unit 786:mile 753:yard 720:foot 676:inch 607:pica 525:1000 484:8888 471:1440 446:twip 440:twip 426:Name 423:Unit 356:3937 352:1200 298:8006 285:3937 281:1200 275:mile 271:yard 267:foot 263:inch 244:foot 208:and 171:and 149:and 135:ohms 101:and 6279:Kip 6241:Ton 6093:Cup 5966:Rod 5200:." 4930:or 4928:mil 4793:N⋅m 4707:kip 4684:lbf 4428:atm 4395:of 4365:jar 4361:can 4345:cup 4206:Cup 4044:FDA 4042:US 3860:ozt 3845:lbt 3829:dwt 3816:ozt 3771:dwt 3751:lbt 3664:ton 3610:ton 3568:cwt 3526:cwt 3483:125 3480:523 3471:16 3266:gal 3244:bbl 3205:gal 3165:gal 3053:). 3031:128 2997:128 2867:bbl 2837:bbl 2780:gal 2747:pot 2572:jig 2506:jig 2421:tsp 2387:min 2372:tsp 2356:min 2296:min 1934:998 1886:046 1876:046 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Index

US fluid ounce
Imperial units

metric
SI
imperial
measurement units
United States
U.S. territories
English units
British Empire
imperial units
differences between the systems
meter
kilogram
Mendenhall Order
international yard and pound
International System of Units
metric system
National Institute of Standards and Technology
electrical resistance
ohms
Imperial and US customary measurement systems
Comparison of the imperial and US customary measurement systems
imperial system
English units
American independence
Roman
Anglo-Saxon
Metric Conversion Act

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