485:. At the time of his recruitment, the CIA knew about his wartime activities and probable complicity in war crimes: his file stated that he "was the chief of the political Lithuanian Security Police in Vilna during the German occupation and that he was possibly connected with the shooting of Jews in Vilna." But it nevertheless considered that there was "no derogatory information" on him, and he was cleared for duty by the CIA headquarters on 5 March 1953. Lileikis had little interest in spying and was instead interested in using his intelligence work to obtain permission to immigrate to the United States. He was paid $ 1,700 (equivalent to $ 19,400 in 2023) annually for his work recruiting Lithuanians in
361:
559:, which requires United States district attorneys to open civil proceedings against naturalized citizens suspected of lying on their immigration paperwork. At the time, Lileikis was the oldest person to be subject to such an action. The CIA tried to stop the case from being filed, threatening not to allow the disclosure of some of the classified records in court. Describing Lileikis as "one of the most important Nazi collaborators" to be investigated by the United States, OSI accused Lileikis of lying about his World War II activities on his immigration paperwork. Lileikis refused to comment on the allegations to the
548:. The same week, another Lithuanian-American named him as a Nazi collaborator in an interview. This attracted the attention of Eli Rosenblum, who was working as an investigator for the OSI. After gathering information on Lileikis, Rosenblum went to his residence to question him. Lileikis admitted his leadership of the Lithuanian Security Police, but denied his involvement in the killings, stating that he had only done routine security work. Lileikis claimed that he heard rumours that the Germans killed Jews at Ponary but that it was done without Lithuanian participation.
648:
his former deputy Gimžauskas (who had left the United States in 1995, facing denaturalization proceedings). One of the changes allowed video evidence during genocide trials. He was questioned over video on 23 June 2000 but after twenty minutes the proceedings were interrupted by an attending doctor and
Lileikis was taken to a hospital. The U.S. Department of Justice and Jewish organizations accused him of feigning illness. The
44:
415:. For example, a report from 16 February to 21 March 1942 details that the security police in Vilnius arrested 319 people and 137 of them were sent to Ponary: 73 Jews, 23 Communists, 14 members of the Polish resistance, 20 document counterfeiters, and 7 spies. The duties related to non-Jewish groups increased as the number of Jews in the
647:
by
Lithuanian prosecutors. It was the first Nazi war crimes prosecution in post-Soviet Eastern Europe. He appeared in court in November 1998, but fainted just after few minutes and was taken away in an ambulance. Three special laws were passed in order to enable continuing prosecution of Lileikis and
615:
that "All of us were collaborators—the whole nation, since it was acting according to Nazi laws" and acknowledged that he had made "mistakes". Lileikis published a memoir in
Lithuanian before his death, which is a useful source on his life if not "entirely accurate" on his World War II activities. He
584:
and several other experts submitted affidavits along with more than a thousand pages of archival documents relating to the Nazi occupation of
Lithuania, the Holocaust in Lithuania, and Lileikis' activities. On 24 May 1996, Stearns found him responsible for the deaths of tens of thousands of Jews. The
579:
ruled that
Lileikis was not entitled to Fifth Amendment protection because the government had a "legitimate need for a witness's testimony" in enforcing "the organic laws of the United States". On 16 November, he granted the prosecution's motion to compel Lileikis' testimony; since he still refused
489:
and occasional translation and intelligence work, but apparently was less than successful as the agency did not help him immigrate to the United States. He may have helped other
Lithuanian Nazi collaborators obtain CIA jobs or immigrate to the United States. In 1995, the CIA claimed that "there was
567:
when questioned by prosecutors. Lileikis refused to state even simple details on his life, such as his date and place of birth. Under federal law, the Fifth
Amendment applies only to criminal proceedings; the prosecution argued that Lileikis should not be entitled to Fifth Amendment protection
391:, non-Jews who helped Jews, and Jews suspected of Communist associations. Usually, escaped or suspected Jews were arrested by the regular police and handed over to the security police for investigation and interrogation. The security police would then hand over the Jews to the German police or
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to testify, the prosecution filed another motion on 18 December seeking that allegations which
Lileikis refused to answer be admitted as if Lileikis had confessed to them. This motion was granted by the court on 9 January 1996. The Holocaust historian
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497:
In 1955, he applied again for permission to immigrate to the United States. Although the CIA passed negative information to United States immigration authorities, his application was accepted without explanation. Lileikis' deputy,
652:
accused
Lithuanian authorities of deliberately prolonging the trial in hopes that Lileikis would die of natural causes before he could be convicted. The trial was well-publicized in Lithuania. Lileikis died of a heart attack at
426:
251:
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and the United States asserted that prosecution of
Lileikis and other war criminals would be strong evidence of adherence to "western values," a prerequisite to joining the alliance. The message was relayed by the
1382:"Po teismo posėdžio pablogėjus sveikatai, greitosios medicinos pagalbos medikai penktadienį apie vidurdienį į Santariškių klinikas iš artimųjų buto Vilniuje išvežė karo nusikaltimais kaltinamą Aleksandrą Lileikį"
568:
because he was not subject to criminal prosecution in the United States. The defense argued that Lileikis had a legitimate fear of prosecution in Lithuania, and should therefore not be compelled to testify.
529:
notes, "the presence of this mass murderer in the general population sent a signal to fellow veterans of the secret police in Nazi-occupied Lithuania that Cold War America was forgiving of these murders".
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1119:
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to fly to Vilnius. United States officials stated that he would be refused readmission to the country, and Polish authorities indicated that he could face trial in Poland for the murders of
407:, Lileikis signed documents handing at least 75 Jews to Ypatingasis būrys. Lileikis fully understood that the Jews would be murdered. The Security Police also dealt with the
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2279:
376:
564:
466:
364:
469:, but the authorities had little documentation on war crimes in Lithuania. In 1950, Lileikis was unanimously refused permission to emigrate to the United States by the
540:
In late 1982, Lileikis was mentioned in a cable from Berlin as a potential war criminal and head of the Lithuanian Security Police, who had possible connections to
330:
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in February 1998. It was the first Nazi war crimes prosecution in the post-Soviet block of Europe. He died of a heart attack in 2000 before a verdict was reached.
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in 1987—and "an instrumental cog in a wheel of mass destruction". He is suspected of responsibility in the deaths of thousands to tens of thousands of Jews.
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470:
412:
1463:
Balkeilis, Tomas (2012). "Turning Citizens into Soldiers: Baltic Paramilitary Movements after the Great War". In Gerwarth, Robert; Horne, John (eds.).
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in Vilnius. Lithuania initially indicated that he would not be prosecuted due to the lack of eyewitnesses. In 1997, he told the Lithuanian newspaper
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orders.'" Lileikis was immediately denaturalized with the judge stating that he should never have been allowed into the United States.
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no evidence that this Agency was aware of his wartime activities". This statement was described as a "gross distortion" by journalist
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lines according to instructions he received in Germany, complete with a special division (Komunistų-Žydų Skyrius) for dealing with "
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company, as well as painting houses for a living. Although he could speak English, he preferred his native language. Historian
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231:
1714:
290:
1291:
346:
342:
1938:
1759:
1597:
Rotsztain, Diego A. (1996). "The Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-incrimination and Fear of Foreign Prosecution".
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626:
518:
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474:
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473:"because of known Nazi sympathies" and because he was "under the control of the Gestapo". He was recruited for the
338:
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437:, former head of the OSI, stated that Lileikis "was as significant and probably more significant than someone like
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in Vilnius on 26 September 2000, still insisting on his innocence and that he was the victim. His funeral at the
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proceedings against him, seeking to strip Lileikis of his United States citizenship under Section 340(a) of the
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in the early 1950s. In 1955, his second application for permission to immigrate was granted and he settled in
313:. In 1931–1934, he worked in the interrogation department and was the deputy of the security police chief in
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1933:
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379:, he returned to Lithuania and reorganized the Lithuanian Security Police in Vilnius (about 130 men) on
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1976:
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The Office of Special Investigations: Striving for Accountability in the Aftermath of the Holocaust
1377:
883:
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238:. Refused permission to immigrate to the United States because of his Nazi past, he worked for the
230:, and is suspected of responsibility in the murder of thousands of Lithuanian Jews. After the 1944
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2016:
2011:
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620:. Lithuania was slow to prosecute Lileikis. At the time, the country sought membership in
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509:, and three other subordinates also immigrated to the United States. He settled in
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in April 1997 and by thirty members of Congress in a November 1997 letter to the
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1996:
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Lithuanian Collaboration in the "Final Solution": Motivations and Case Studies
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1751:
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333:, Lileikis became the deputy of the commander of the Vilnius district of the
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255:
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Loss of United States citizenship and deportation by prior Nazi affiliation
1538:"Fear of Foreign Prosecution and the Privilege Against Self-Incrimination"
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and became a naturalized citizen in 1976. Lileikis was involved in the
462:
433:, described Lileikis as "a senior-level perpetrator of the Holocaust".
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171:
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were opened in 1994 and concluded with Lileikis being stripped of his
222:. He signed documents handing at least 75 Jews in his control over to
1517:
The Nazis Next Door: How America Became a Safe Haven for Hitler's Men
633:
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Lileikis voluntarily left the United States on 18 June 1996, using a
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Aleksandras Lileikis was born on 10 June 1907 to a peasant family in
1610:
1441:
359:
1465:
War in Peace: Paramilitary Violence in Europe After the Great War
1120:"Nazi Collaborator Aleksandras Lileikis Dies at 93 in Lithuania"
621:
1755:
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judge noted that Lileikis was "attempting to turn the classic
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United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
1747:
Associated Press video of Lileikis arriving to court in 1998
888:"Prokuratūra apgailestauja, kad nespėta nuteisti A.Lileikio"
854:"Lithuanian judge delays trial of alleged Nazi war criminal"
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cemetery was attended by about a hundred people, including
643:
On 6 February 1998, Lileikis was charged with the crime of
1651:(2008). "Why the Holocaust does not matter to Estonians".
1548:(5). Executive Office for United States Attorneys.: 17–21.
765:
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1062:
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1021:
991:
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387:". The Lithuanian Security Police had jurisdiction over
206:(10 June 1907 – 26 September 2000) was the chief of the
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305:. In 1927, he began to study at the Faculty of Law at
266:. He returned to Lithuania, where he was charged with
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in 1934–1939. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1938.
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in 1944, Lileikis fled back to Germany and became a
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1947:
1854:
1847:
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In the Footsteps of Times Past: Memories, Documents
823:"Vokiečių ir lietuvių saugumo policija (1941–1944)"
741:"Nacionalistai A.Lileikio laidotuvėse kalbų nesakė"
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34:
1707:Pažadinto laiko pėdsakais: atsiminimai, dokumentai
1514:
399:which murdered an estimated 70,000 Jews at nearby
309:. He worked for the criminal police and later the
1562:. Lithuania and the Jews: The Holocaust Chapter.
955:"Boston Retiree Accused as Holocaust Perpetrator"
467:United States Army Criminal Investigation Command
345:, which was part of the official pretext for the
914:"Trial Forces Lithuanians to Look Back on WW II"
2290:List of Lithuanian Righteous Among the Nations
1767:
1631:Lietuvių policija Antrajame pasauliniame kare
1574:(2005). "The CIA and Eichmann's Associates".
1486:Feigin, Judy (2009). Richard, Mark M. (ed.).
8:
465:, he was investigated for war crimes by the
419:dwindled and the anti-Nazi resistance grew.
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1851:
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471:United States Displaced Persons Commission
331:Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty
246:, becoming a naturalized citizen in 1976.
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2336:Lithuanian emigrants to the United States
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589:on its head by arguing that 'I was only
449:CIA and immigration to the United States
349:. He fled to Germany in 1940 due to the
2280:Occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany
1564:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
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953:Skorneck, Carolyn (21 September 1994).
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1118:Reynolds, Maura (30 September 2000).
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521:and worked as an administrator for a
461:. In 1947, while living in a camp in
7:
477:(CIA) in 1952 when he was living in
2351:Lithuanian Security Police officers
2331:Holocaust perpetrators in Lithuania
1292:"Accused Nazi leaves United States"
551:In late 1994, the OSI opened civil
373:German invasion of the Soviet Union
343:death of the Soviet soldier Butayev
1180:Immigration and Naturalization Act
912:McMahon, Colin (18 October 1998).
852:Eschenazi, Gabriel (19 May 1998).
557:Immigration and Naturalization Act
254:, uncovered evidence of Lileikis'
25:
2361:Vytautas Magnus University alumni
2156:Fareinigte Partizaner Organizacje
193:At least 75 (suspected thousands)
2285:History of the Jews in Lithuania
1713:] (in Lithuanian). Vilnius:
1542:United States Attorneys Bulletin
427:Office of Special Investigations
395:, a Lithuanian collaborationist
367:with Jewish prisoners, July 1941
252:Office of Special Investigations
226:, a Lithuanian collaborationist
1576:U.S. Intelligence and the Nazis
481:, described as a member of the
337:. He worked at suppressing the
325:In 1939, when Lithuania gained
2326:CIA agents convicted of crimes
1705:Lileikis, Aleksandras (2000).
710:. 14 June 2016. Archived from
455:Red Army invasion of Lithuania
377:German occupation of Lithuania
351:Soviet occupation of Lithuania
339:Polish resistance in Lithuania
232:Soviet occupation of Lithuania
1:
1521:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
347:Soviet ultimatum to Lithuania
1449:(LXXXV): 2. 10 October 2000.
627:United States Vice President
216:Nazi occupation of Lithuania
1804:Related articles by country
597:Genocide trial in Lithuania
475:Central Intelligence Agency
291:Kelmė District Municipality
240:Central Intelligence Agency
2377:
2125:Lithuanian Security Police
1783:The Holocaust in Lithuania
1580:Cambridge University Press
1553:MacQueen, Michael (2004).
616:claimed to be part of the
519:Lithuanian Catholic church
371:In August 1941, after the
335:Lithuanian Security Police
250:, an investigator for the
234:, he fled to Germany as a
220:the Holocaust in Lithuania
208:Lithuanian Security Police
125:Lithuanian Security Police
2346:Lithuanian mass murderers
2295:Songs of the Vilna Ghetto
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2222:HKP 562 forced labor camp
1789:
1667:10.1080/01629770802461530
1654:Journal of Baltic Studies
1633:(in Lithuanian). Mintis.
1536:Mackey, David S. (1996).
1495:. Department of Justice.
859:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
827:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
672:, a radical nationalist.
535:United States v. Lileikis
483:Lithuanian National Union
311:State Security Department
264:United States citizenship
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138:
106:United States (1976–1996)
41:
18:United States v. Lileikis
2232:Kauen concentration camp
2227:Kailis forced labor camp
2196:Ninth Fort November 1941
1934:Franz Walter Stahlecker
1469:Oxford University Press
650:Simon Wiesenthal Center
523:Lithuanian encyclopedia
443:crimes against humanity
441:"—who was convicted of
365:Lithuanian collaborator
307:University of Lithuania
134:Died before trial ended
115:University of Lithuania
2191:Kaunas 29 October 1941
704:"Aleksandras Lileikis"
638:President of Lithuania
511:Norwood, Massachusetts
368:
258:; proceedings for his
244:Norwood, Massachusetts
1715:Valstiečių laikraštis
1434:"Girdėta iš Vilniaus"
886:(27 September 2000).
739:(29 September 2000).
431:Department of Justice
363:
341:and investigated the
218:and a perpetrator of
2058:Bronislovas Paukštys
1977:Shmerke Kaczerginski
1894:Aleksandras Lileikis
1582:. pp. 337–374.
1471:. pp. 126–144.
618:anti-Nazi resistance
303:War School in Kaunas
204:Aleksandras Lileikis
36:Aleksandras Lileikis
2130:Rollkommando Hamann
1929:Rudolf Joachim Seck
1599:Columbia Law Review
1343:, pp. 462–463.
1206:, pp. 223–224.
1158:, pp. 219–220.
1042:, pp. 364–365.
981:, pp. 340–341.
708:TRIAL International
603:Lithuanian passport
429:(OSI), part of the
385:Jews and Communists
329:as a result of the
289:in the present-day
157:Span of crimes
2247:Marcinkonys Ghetto
2053:Petronėlė Lastienė
2017:Yitzhak Wittenberg
2012:Elchonon Wasserman
1924:Adrian von Renteln
1889:Algirdas Klimaitis
1864:Algimantas Dailidė
1649:Weiss-Wendt, Anton
413:Polish underground
369:
355:German citizenship
293:. He attended the
94:Vilnius, Lithuania
2341:Lithuanian exiles
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2262:Švenčionys Ghetto
2169:
2168:
2140:Ypatingasis būrys
2096:
2095:
2007:Abraham Sutzkever
1982:Zelig Kalmanovich
1855:Perpetrators and
1724:978-9986-847-28-1
1640:978-5-417-00958-7
1627:Stankeras, Petras
1589:978-0-521-61794-9
1528:978-0-547-66919-9
1502:978-1-63273-001-5
1478:978-0-19-965491-8
1445:(in Lithuanian).
1266:, pp. 20–21.
890:(in Lithuanian).
829:(in Lithuanian).
743:(in Lithuanian).
587:Nuremberg defense
542:Einsatzkommando 3
393:Ypatingasis būrys
224:Ypatingasis būrys
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1605:(7): 1940–1972.
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1572:Naftali, Timothy
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1566:. pp. 1–15.
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1380:(24 June 2000).
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714:on 27 March 2020
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563:and invoked the
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553:denaturalization
517:; he attended a
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500:Kazys Gimžauskas
459:displaced person
409:Soviet partisans
353:and applied for
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2088:Jan Zwartendijk
2083:Chiune Sugihara
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2027:Wolf Durmashkin
1962:Alexander Bogen
1949:
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1869:Erich Ehrlinger
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1699:Further reading
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1611:10.2307/1123297
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1511:Lichtblau, Eric
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1390:(in Lithuanian)
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1242:, p. 1958.
1238:
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1124:Washington Post
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944:
940:, pp. 7–8.
936:
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918:Chicago Tribune
911:
910:
906:
896:
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882:
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682:
678:
670:Mindaugas Murza
661:
655:Santara Clinics
599:
573:Richard Stearns
571:In 1995, Judge
565:Fifth Amendment
538:
527:Timothy Naftali
502:
451:
323:
282:
276:
184:Lithuanian Jews
178:
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143:Criminal charge
131:Criminal status
111:Alma mater
105:
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2135:TDA battalions
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2115:Einsatzgruppen
2111:
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2048:Anna Borkowska
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2022:Jacob Wygodzki
2019:
2014:
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1733:External links
1731:
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1661:(4): 475–497.
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1423:, p. 226.
1421:Lichtblau 2014
1413:
1411:, p. 477.
1401:
1369:
1367:, p. 482.
1357:
1355:, p. 463.
1345:
1333:
1321:
1319:, p. 462.
1309:
1298:. 19 June 1996
1283:
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1256:
1244:
1240:Rotsztain 1996
1232:
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1216:Rotsztain 1996
1208:
1204:Lichtblau 2014
1196:
1194:, p. 223.
1192:Lichtblau 2014
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1156:Lichtblau 2014
1148:
1146:, p. 219.
1144:Lichtblau 2014
1136:
1101:
1099:, p. 218.
1097:Lichtblau 2014
1086:
1084:, p. 225.
1082:Lichtblau 2014
1071:
1069:, p. 365.
1056:
1054:, p. 374.
1044:
1032:
1030:, p. 364.
1017:
1015:, p. 217.
1013:Lichtblau 2014
1000:
998:, p. 363.
983:
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872:
844:
819:Bubnys, Arūnas
807:
799:Balkeilis 2012
791:
774:
772:, p. 696.
770:Stankeras 2008
757:
725:
679:
677:
674:
598:
595:
546:Einsatzgruppen
544:, part of the
537:
532:
492:Eric Lichtblau
450:
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403:. Acting as a
389:Jews in hiding
357:in June 1941.
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1799:The Holocaust
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1329:MacQueen 2004
1325:
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1287:
1284:
1281:, p. 21.
1280:
1275:
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1253:
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1229:
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938:MacQueen 2004
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787:MacQueen 2004
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423:Eli Rosenbaum
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405:desk murderer
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296:
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248:Eli Rosenbaum
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53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
27:Nazi official
19:
2267:Vilna Ghetto
2237:Kovno Ghetto
2181:Jäger Report
2108:Perpetrators
2078:Anton Schmid
2043:Kazys Binkis
1972:Jay M. Ipson
1957:Chaim Yellin
1939:Martin Weiss
1919:Helmut Rauca
1893:
1884:Bruno Kittel
1794:Main article
1739:
1710:
1706:
1658:
1652:
1630:
1602:
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1575:
1555:
1545:
1541:
1516:
1488:
1464:
1456:
1455:
1446:
1440:
1428:
1416:
1404:
1392:. Retrieved
1385:
1372:
1360:
1348:
1336:
1331:, p. 5.
1324:
1312:
1300:. Retrieved
1295:
1286:
1259:
1247:
1235:
1223:
1211:
1199:
1187:
1175:
1163:
1151:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1123:
1067:Naftali 2005
1052:Naftali 2005
1047:
1040:Naftali 2005
1035:
1028:Naftali 2005
996:Naftali 2005
979:Naftali 2005
974:
962:. Retrieved
958:
933:
921:. Retrieved
917:
907:
895:. Retrieved
863:. Retrieved
857:
847:
830:
826:
794:
789:, p. 6.
748:. Retrieved
716:. Retrieved
712:the original
707:
642:
610:
600:
590:
582:Yitzhak Arad
570:
550:
539:
534:
496:
487:East Germany
452:
439:Klaus Barbie
421:
417:Vilna Ghetto
370:
324:
321:World War II
277:
203:
202:
121:Organization
88:(2000-09-26)
61:10 June 1907
29:
2321:2000 deaths
2316:1907 births
2073:Ona Šimaitė
2063:Karl Plagge
1997:Abba Kovner
1948:Victims and
1914:Mike Pasker
1904:Franz Murer
1365:Feigin 2009
1353:Feigin 2009
1341:Feigin 2009
1317:Feigin 2009
1279:Mackey 1996
1264:Mackey 1996
1252:Mackey 1996
1228:Mackey 1996
1168:Mackey 1996
662: [
607:Polish Jews
503: [
397:death squad
315:Marijampolė
283: [
228:death squad
214:during the
167:Location(s)
101:Citizenship
68: [
2310:Categories
2252:Ninth Fort
2149:Resistance
1950:resistance
1879:Karl Jäger
1467:. Oxford:
801:, p.
676:References
612:Respublika
453:After the
280:Paprūdžiai
274:Early life
256:war crimes
65:Paprūdžiai
57:1907-06-10
1691:143954319
1675:0162-9778
839:1392-3463
435:Neal Sher
179:Target(s)
161:1941–1944
104:Lithuania
2036:Rescuers
1834:Slovakia
1683:43212850
1629:(2008).
1513:(2014).
1394:29 March
1387:Delfi.lt
1302:27 March
1182:, 340(a)
1129:27 March
964:27 March
923:29 March
897:29 March
892:Delfi.lt
865:29 March
821:(1997).
750:29 March
745:Delfi.lt
718:27 March
645:genocide
268:genocide
146:Genocide
1839:Ukraine
1814:Estonia
1809:Belarus
1619:1123297
1457:Sources
959:AP News
659:Vaiguva
630:Al Gore
591:issuing
575:of the
463:Bamberg
425:of the
381:Gestapo
327:Vilnius
299:Kražiai
295:Žiburys
212:Vilnius
172:Vilnius
151:Details
2215:Places
2201:Ponary
2174:Events
2101:Groups
1848:People
1829:Russia
1824:Poland
1819:Latvia
1743:(1996)
1721:
1689:
1681:
1673:
1637:
1617:
1586:
1525:
1499:
1475:
837:
634:Seimas
479:Munich
401:Ponary
190:Killed
1709:[
1687:S2CID
1679:JSTOR
1615:JSTOR
1560:(PDF)
1493:(PDF)
1442:Dirva
1437:(PDF)
666:]
507:]
287:]
72:]
1719:ISBN
1671:ISSN
1635:ISBN
1584:ISBN
1523:ISBN
1497:ISBN
1473:ISBN
1396:2020
1304:2020
1131:2020
966:2020
925:2020
899:2020
867:2020
835:ISSN
752:2020
720:2020
622:NATO
411:and
375:and
301:and
83:Died
51:Born
1663:doi
1607:doi
1378:BNS
1296:UPI
884:BNS
803:142
737:BNS
210:in
2312::
1717:.
1685:.
1677:.
1669:.
1659:39
1657:.
1613:.
1603:96
1601:.
1578:.
1546:44
1544:.
1540:.
1447:38
1439:.
1384:.
1294:.
1271:^
1122:.
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1089:^
1074:^
1059:^
1020:^
1003:^
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957:.
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856:.
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683:^
664:lt
640:.
505:pl
494:.
285:lt
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70:lt
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1768:t
1761:v
1727:.
1693:.
1665::
1643:.
1621:.
1609::
1592:.
1531:.
1505:.
1481:.
1398:.
1306:.
1133:.
968:.
927:.
901:.
869:.
841:.
831:1
805:.
754:.
722:.
59:)
55:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
