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332:(LHC) team announced it will begin probing a higher energy frontier in 2009, some theoretical physicists have begun to consider the properties of unparticle stuff and how it may appear in LHC experiments. One of the great hopes for the LHC is that it might come up with some discoveries that will help us update or replace our best description of the particles that make up matter and the forces that glue them together.
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These particle interactions would appear to have "missing" energy and momentum that would not be detected by the experimental apparatus. Certain distinct distributions of missing energy would signify the production of unparticle stuff. If such signatures are not observed, bounds on the model can be
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The idea of unparticles comes from conjecturing that there may be "stuff" that does not necessarily have zero mass but is still scale-invariant, with the same physics regardless of a change of length (or equivalently energy). This stuff is unlike particles, and described as unparticle. The
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proposed this theory in two 2007 papers, "Unparticle
Physics" and "Another Odd Thing About Unparticle Physics". His papers were followed by further work by other researchers into the properties and phenomenology of unparticle physics and its potential impact on
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This scale invariant sector would interact very weakly with the rest of the
Standard Model, making it possible to observe evidence for unparticle stuff, if it exists. The unparticle theory is a high-energy theory that contains both Standard Model fields and
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A similar technique could be used to search for evidence of unparticles. According to scale invariance, a distribution containing unparticles would become apparent because it would resemble a distribution for a fractional number of massless particles.
348:. Neutrinos barely interact with matter – most of the time physicists can infer their presence only by calculating the "missing" energy and momentum after an interaction. By looking at the same interaction many times, a
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is built up that tells more specifically how many and what sort of neutrinos are involved. They couple very weakly to ordinary matter at low energies, and the effect of the coupling increases as the energy increases.
365:, which have scale-invariant behavior at an infrared point. The two fields can interact through the interactions of ordinary particles if the energy of the interaction is sufficiently high.
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Such unparticle stuff has not been observed, which suggests that if it exists, it must couple with normal matter weakly at observable energies. Since the
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of particle physics, particles of the same type cannot exist in another state with all these properties scaled up or down by a common factor –
317:, for example, always have the same mass regardless of their energy or momentum. But this is not always the case: massless particles, such as
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Unparticle physics has been proposed as an explanation for anomalies in superconducting cuprate materials, where the charge measured by
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Cheung, Kingman; Wai-Yee Keung; Tzu-Chiang Yuan (2007). "Collider
Phenomenology of Unparticle Physics".
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Speculative theory that conjectures a form of matter that cannot be explained in terms of particles
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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unparticle stuff is equivalent to particles with a continuous spectrum of mass.
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Nikolić, Hrvoje (2008-10-10). "Unparticle as a particle with arbitrary mass".
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632:"Physicists Build Unparticle Models Guided by Big Bang and Supernovae"
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Howard Georgi (2007). "Another Odd Thing About
Unparticle Physics".
598:"Electrons are not enough: Cuprate superconductors defy convention"
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649:"'Unparticle' Matter may be the stuff that glues physics together"
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James P. F. LeBlanc, Adolfo G. Grushin, Arxiv preprint:
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401:Howard Georgi (2007). "Unparticle Physics".
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171:Learn how and when to remove this message
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
640:"Weird Physics Theory: Unparticle Stuff"
32:This article includes a list of general
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948:Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
107:Please improve this article by adding
581:Unparticle mediated superconductivity
195:that cannot be explained in terms of
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381:appears to exceed predictions from
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1069:Timeline of physics discoveries
385:for the quantity of electrons.
651:. whyfiles.org. Archived from
498:10.1016/j.physletb.2007.05.037
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435:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.221601
109:secondary or tertiary sources
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864:Classical electromagnetism
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551:10.1142/S021773230802820X
270:This article needs to be
970:Condensed matter physics
587:(accessed 8 August 2014)
521:Modern Physics Letters A
373:Experimental indications
350:probability distribution
404:Physical Review Letters
53:more precise citations.
1054:Nobel Prize in Physics
916:Relativistic mechanics
96:relies excessively on
1059:Philosophy of physics
330:Large Hadron Collider
243:neutrino oscillations
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120:"Unparticle physics"
1095:Theoretical physics
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832:Classical mechanics
760:branches of physics
705:2007PhRvD..76e5003C
642:. ScienceDaily.com.
543:2008MPLA...23.2645N
490:2007PhLB..650..275G
427:2007PhRvL..98v1601G
383:Luttinger's theorem
185:theoretical physics
1049:History of physics
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980:Interdisciplinary
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674:. hep.ps.uci.edu.
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363:Banks–Zaks fields
309:. In most of the
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657:. Retrieved
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601:. Retrieved
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59:August 2011
51:introducing
1084:Categories
1008:Geophysics
998:Biophysics
842:Analytical
795:Approaches
659:2008-01-29
389:References
336:Properties
253:Background
239:muon decay
199:using the
131:newspapers
98:references
34:references
958:Molecular
859:Acoustics
852:Continuum
847:Celestial
837:Newtonian
824:Classical
767:Divisions
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696:0706.3155
559:0217-7323
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481:0704.2457
342:neutrinos
315:electrons
295:particles
224:cosmology
197:particles
603:25 March
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443:17677831
303:momentum
1042:Related
926:General
921:Special
779:Applied
701:Bibcode
539:Bibcode
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423:Bibcode
319:photons
272:updated
235:flavour
145:scholar
47:improve
953:Atomic
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672:(PDF)
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447:S2CID
413:arXiv
379:ARPES
152:JSTOR
138:books
879:Wave
774:Pure
605:2013
555:ISSN
439:PMID
307:mass
305:and
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