31:
141:
The tests are most often arranged for men with enlarged prostate glands, and for women with incontinence that has either failed conservative treatment or requires surgery. Probably the most important group in whom these tests are performed are those with a neuropathy such as spinal injury. In some of
186:
Uroflowmetry: Free uroflowmetry measures how fast the patient can empty his/her bladder. Pressure uroflowmetry again measures the rate of voiding, but with simultaneous assessment of bladder and rectal pressures. It helps demonstrate the reasons for difficulty in voiding, for example bladder muscle
237:
position: sitting improves three measures — namely, the maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), voiding time (TQ) and post-void residual volume (PVR). Qmax, in particular, improves by an amount similar to that achievable with four alpha-1 blockers, medicines commonly prescribed for BPH. This information
166:
These tests may be as simple as urinating behind a curtain while a doctor listens, but are usually more extensive in western medicine. A typical urodynamic test takes about 30 minutes to perform. It involves the use of a small catheter used to fill the bladder and record measurements. What is done
194:: measures the pressure in the rectum and in the bladder, using two pressure catheters, to deduce the presence of contractions of the bladder wall, during bladder filling, or during other provocative maneuvers. The strength of the urethra can also be tested during this phase, using a cough or
256:"Protocol for the value of urodynamics prior to stress incontinence surgery (VUSIS) study: a multicenter randomized controlled trial to assess the cost effectiveness of urodynamics in women with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence in whom surgical treatment is considered"
171:
Post-void residual volume: Most tests begin with the insertion of a urinary catheter/transducer following complete bladder emptying by the patient. The urine volume is measured (this shows how efficiently the bladder empties). High volumes (180 ml) may be associated with
149:
For example, a patient complaining of urinary urgency (or rushing to the toilet), with increased frequency of urination can have overactive bladder syndrome. The cause of this might be detrusor overactivity, in which the bladder muscle (the
416:
Rosier Pfwm
Schaefer W, Lose G, Goldman HB, Guralnick M, Eustice S, Dickinson T, Hashim H (2017). "International Continence Society Good Urodynamic Practices and Terms 2016: Urodynamics, uroflowmetry, cystometry, and pressure-flow study".
145:
Symptoms reported by the patient are an unreliable guide to the underlying dysfunction of the lower urinary tract. The purpose of urodynamics is to provide objective confirmation of the pathology that a patient's symptoms would suggest.
124:
offices. Urodynamics will provide the physician with the information necessary to diagnose the cause and nature of a patient's incontinence, thus giving the best treatment options available. Urodynamics is typically conducted by
154:) contracts unexpectedly during bladder filling. Urodynamics can be used to confirm the presence of detrusor overactivity, which may help guide treatment. An overactive detrusor can be associated with
142:
these patients (dependent on the level of the lesion), the micturition reflex can be essentially out of control and the detrusor pressures generated can be life-threatening.
460:
381:
Gormley EA, Lightner DJ, Faraday M, Vasavada SP (May 2015). "Diagnosis and
Treatment of Overactive Bladder (Non-Neurogenic) in Adults: AUA/SUFU Guideline Amendment".
238:
offers a non-pharmaceutical way of managing the condition, and shows that urodynamics measurements should use a standardized position, to avoid misleading results.
674:
509:
Chang SJ, Yang SS (October 2009). "Variability, related factors and normal reference value of post-void residual urine in healthy kindergarteners".
638:
158:. The American Urogynecologic Society does not recommend that urodynamics are part of initial diagnosis for uncomplicated overactive bladder.
176:. A volume of greater than 50 ml in children has been described as constituting post-void residual urine. High levels can be associated with
544:
576:"Urinating Standing versus Sitting: Position Is of Influence in Men with Prostate Enlargement. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"
667:
474:
Truzzi JC, Almeida FM, Nunes EC, Sadi MV (July 2008). "Residual urinary volume and urinary tract infection--when are they linked?".
995:
1030:
853:
712:
660:
858:
230:
945:
647:
888:
705:
98:
65:
are performing their job of storing and releasing urine. Urodynamic tests can help explain symptoms such as:
973:
930:
173:
357:
940:
744:
898:
810:
454:
1025:
903:
777:
587:
177:
155:
69:
652:
908:
635:
863:
442:
74:
548:
988:
843:
772:
615:
526:
491:
434:
398:
338:
287:
195:
117:
85:
605:
595:
518:
483:
426:
390:
328:
318:
277:
267:
204:
91:
978:
925:
880:
797:
642:
366:
362:
130:
58:
591:
684:
610:
575:
333:
306:
282:
255:
167:
depends on what the presenting problem is, but some of the common tests conducted are;
1019:
913:
848:
446:
787:
782:
767:
734:
323:
208:
121:
574:
de Jong Y, Pinckaers JH, ten Brinck RM, Lycklama à Nijeholt A, Dekkers OM (2014).
600:
983:
935:
838:
833:
739:
727:
700:
217:
522:
487:
394:
1000:
955:
920:
815:
805:
749:
717:
191:
126:
109:
893:
722:
234:
619:
530:
495:
438:
402:
342:
291:
272:
201:
Urethral pressure profilometry: measures strength of sphincter contraction.
183:
The urine is often sent for microscopy and culture to check for infection.
30:
151:
825:
545:"loyola Univ. Health Sys. - Urology - Health Topics/Urodynamic Testing"
105:
62:
430:
759:
692:
220:(moving video x-rays) of the bladder and bladder neck during voiding.
113:
656:
307:"Contemporary diagnosis of lower urinary tract dysfunction"
214:
Assessing the "tightness" along the length of the urethra.
254:
van
Leijsen SA, Kluivers KB, Mol BW, et al. (2009).
358:"Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question"
79:
sudden, strong urges to urinate but nothing comes out
966:
879:
872:
824:
796:
758:
691:
648:
4/Feb/2012 Archive of Doug Small's urodynamic pages
40:
23:
207:(EMG) measurement of electrical activity in the
356:American Urogynecologic Society (May 5, 2015),
187:weakness or obstruction of the bladder outflow.
668:
16:Assessment of bladder and urethra performance
8:
459:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
876:
675:
661:
653:
569:
567:
565:
104:Urodynamic tests are usually performed in
90:problems emptying the bladder completely (
29:
609:
599:
332:
322:
281:
271:
198:, to confirm genuine stress incontinence.
246:
452:
20:
7:
44:storing and releasing urine analysis
683:Tests and procedures involving the
92:Vesical tenesmus, detrusor failure
14:
370:, American Urogynecologic Society
57:is a study that assesses how the
996:Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
82:problems starting a urine stream
324:10.12688/f1000research.16120.1
1:
854:Artificial urinary sphincter
713:Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
636:National Institute of Health
601:10.1371/journal.pone.0101320
859:Urethral bulking injections
231:benign prostate hyperplasia
1047:
946:Voiding cystourethrography
523:10.1016/j.juro.2009.02.086
488:10.1016/j.juro.2008.03.044
395:10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.087
28:
889:Urinary tract ultrasound
174:urinary tract infections
99:urinary tract infections
974:Urinary catheterization
931:Radioisotope renography
365:: an initiative of the
941:Retrograde urethrogram
745:Kidney transplantation
383:The Journal of Urology
273:10.1186/1472-6874-9-22
811:Suprapubic cystostomy
178:overflow incontinence
778:Ureterosigmoidostomy
1031:Urologic procedures
592:2014PLoSO...9j1320D
517:(4 Suppl): 1933–8.
951:Urodynamic testing
864:Cystourethrography
641:2008-09-20 at the
260:BMC Women's Health
233:are influenced by
137:Purpose of testing
75:frequent urination
51:Urodynamic testing
24:Urodynamic testing
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
989:Laser lithotripsy
844:Urethral sounding
773:Urinary diversion
431:10.1002/nau.23124
305:Rosier P (2019).
196:Valsalva maneuver
156:urge incontinence
118:internal medicine
86:painful urination
48:
47:
1038:
877:
677:
670:
663:
654:
624:
623:
613:
603:
571:
560:
559:
557:
556:
547:. Archived from
541:
535:
534:
506:
500:
499:
471:
465:
464:
458:
450:
425:(5): 1243–1260.
419:Neurourol Urodyn
413:
407:
406:
379:, which cites: *
378:
377:
375:
353:
347:
346:
336:
326:
302:
296:
295:
285:
275:
251:
205:Electromyography
131:urogynecologists
33:
21:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1005:
979:Kidney dialysis
962:
926:Abdominal x-ray
868:
820:
792:
754:
687:
681:
643:Wayback Machine
632:
627:
573:
572:
563:
554:
552:
543:
542:
538:
508:
507:
503:
473:
472:
468:
451:
415:
414:
410:
380:
373:
371:
367:ABIM Foundation
363:Choosing Wisely
355:
354:
350:
304:
303:
299:
253:
252:
248:
244:
227:
225:Standardization
164:
139:
36:
35:Urinary bladder
17:
12:
11:
5:
1044:
1042:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
998:
993:
992:
991:
981:
976:
970:
968:
964:
963:
961:
960:
959:
958:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
917:
916:
911:
906:
901:
891:
885:
883:
874:
870:
869:
867:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
830:
828:
822:
821:
819:
818:
813:
808:
802:
800:
794:
793:
791:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
764:
762:
756:
755:
753:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
731:
730:
720:
715:
710:
709:
708:
697:
695:
689:
688:
685:urinary system
682:
680:
679:
672:
665:
657:
651:
650:
645:
631:
630:External links
628:
626:
625:
586:(7): e101320.
561:
536:
501:
466:
408:
389:(5): 1572–80.
348:
297:
245:
243:
240:
226:
223:
222:
221:
215:
212:
202:
199:
188:
184:
181:
163:
162:Specific tests
160:
138:
135:
102:
101:
95:
88:
83:
80:
77:
72:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1043:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
990:
987:
986:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
971:
969:
965:
957:
954:
953:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
896:
895:
892:
890:
887:
886:
884:
882:
878:
875:
871:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
849:Urethroplasty
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
829:
827:
823:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
801:
799:
795:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
763:
761:
757:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
729:
726:
725:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
707:
704:
703:
702:
699:
698:
696:
694:
690:
686:
678:
673:
671:
666:
664:
659:
658:
655:
649:
646:
644:
640:
637:
634:
633:
629:
621:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
570:
568:
566:
562:
551:on 2016-03-03
550:
546:
540:
537:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
505:
502:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
470:
467:
462:
456:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
412:
409:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
369:
368:
364:
359:
352:
349:
344:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
316:
312:
308:
301:
298:
293:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
265:
261:
257:
250:
247:
241:
239:
236:
232:
224:
219:
216:
213:
210:
206:
203:
200:
197:
193:
190:Multichannel
189:
185:
182:
179:
175:
170:
169:
168:
161:
159:
157:
153:
147:
143:
136:
134:
132:
128:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
100:
96:
93:
89:
87:
84:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
67:
66:
64:
60:
56:
52:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
950:
788:Ureteroscopy
783:Ureterolysis
768:Ureterostomy
735:Renal biopsy
706:percutaneous
583:
579:
553:. Retrieved
549:the original
539:
514:
510:
504:
482:(1): 182–5.
479:
475:
469:
455:cite journal
422:
418:
411:
386:
382:
372:, retrieved
361:
351:
314:
310:
300:
263:
259:
249:
228:
209:bladder neck
165:
148:
144:
140:
122:primary care
103:
70:incontinence
54:
50:
49:
18:
1026:Urine tests
984:Lithotripsy
936:Cystography
899:Intravenous
839:Urethrotomy
834:Urethropexy
740:Nephrectomy
728:Nephroscopy
701:Nephrostomy
218:Fluoroscopy
55:urodynamics
1020:Categories
1001:Urinalysis
956:Cystometry
921:CT urogram
904:Retrograde
816:Cystoscopy
806:Cystectomy
750:Nephropexy
718:Nephrotomy
555:2010-02-12
242:References
192:cystometry
127:urologists
110:gynecology
97:recurrent
909:Antegrade
894:Pyelogram
723:Endoscopy
235:urination
229:Men with
639:Archived
620:25051345
580:PLOS ONE
531:19695621
496:18499191
447:21300887
439:27917521
403:25623739
343:31119030
311:F1000Res
292:19622153
152:detrusor
881:Imaging
873:General
826:Urethra
798:Bladder
611:4106761
588:Bibcode
511:J. Urol
476:J. Urol
374:June 1,
334:6509958
317:: 644.
283:2722584
106:urology
63:urethra
59:bladder
41:Purpose
760:Ureter
693:Kidney
618:
608:
529:
494:
445:
437:
401:
341:
331:
290:
280:
266:: 22.
120:, and
114:OB/GYN
967:Other
443:S2CID
616:PMID
527:PMID
492:PMID
461:link
435:PMID
399:PMID
376:2015
339:PMID
288:PMID
61:and
914:Gas
606:PMC
596:doi
519:doi
515:182
484:doi
480:180
427:doi
391:doi
387:193
329:PMC
319:doi
278:PMC
268:doi
129:or
53:or
1022::
614:.
604:.
594:.
582:.
578:.
564:^
525:.
513:.
490:.
478:.
457:}}
453:{{
441:.
433:.
423:36
421:.
397:.
385:.
360:,
337:.
327:.
313:.
309:.
286:.
276:.
262:.
258:.
133:.
116:,
112:,
108:,
676:e
669:t
662:v
622:.
598::
590::
584:9
558:.
533:.
521::
498:.
486::
463:)
449:.
429::
405:.
393::
345:.
321::
315:8
294:.
270::
264:9
211:.
180:.
94:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
