User talk:Itub/2006-2007 - Knowledge (XXG)

1584:"What this means is, the time derivative of the free energy vanishes, signalling a stationary point. This derivative is usually called, for certain hisorical and technical reasons, the free energy change" What rubbish! he's quoting out of context. Even when one replaces the nonsensical time derivative by derivative with respect to the reaction coordinate it still does not make sense to equate a derivative with a free energy change. There's a real dilemma here: equilibrium is taught through kinetics in schools and through thermodynamics at University. I really object to schoollchildren being told "this theory is wrong but it gives the right answer". 2545:

than the reactants). The entropy of mixing is a curve with a minimum at 50%. When you add this curve to the straight line due to the free energy of reaction, the position of the minimum shifts depending on the magnitude of the free energy change. (As we discussed above, if the free energy change is large enough, the minimum can become negligible, resulting in a practically 100% equilibrium position.) In other words, the entropy of mixing "causes" equilibrium by discouraging having pure products, but it is indeed the free energy of reaction that determines the value of the equilibrium constant, as is apparent from the equation DeltaG = -RTlnK. --

2391:

mechanism would be easier because it is only one small barrier at a time instead of one huge barrier, but sadly that's not the case. Imagine you start from P, and "climb" one step to I5. Once you are in that state, you are faced with two possibilities: climbing one more step to I4, or going back to P. Unfortunately, going back to P is much more likely because the barrier in that direction is lower. Effectively what happens is that you are establishing an (unfavorable) equilibrium between P and I5 before you can even climb the second step. And so on, until you reach TS1 and finally "fall down" to R.

2519:

a circular argument: where do the equilibrium concentrations come from? Put another way, why are the dissociation constants for ethylacetate and propylacetate different? The entropy argument is the same for both, so it must be mainly the difference in standard free energy between reactants and products that makes equilibrium constants different and hence, determines the composition of an equilibrium mixture. I just don't like separating one entropy effect for all the others such as those involved in solvation/desolvation about which we know next to nothing.

2492:. The original article was totally useless, so I set about reading the papers by Guldberg and Waage and produced the version of 13.45, 24 June, based on these readings. Loon91 immediately reverted most of it without explanation. An issue here is that many textbooks give a definition of the law which is significantly different from the one developed by G&W, so it's no use citing those sources to support such a definition. I guess you would not want to get involved, but this guy is a loose cannon and I don't know how to deal with such hostility. 2373:. Once these radicals start flying around chain reactions will occur. The radicals involved will be the same as in the forward reaction, but it's easy to see how nitrogen atoms can be produced in the back-reaction without the need for a catalyst. I'm still troubled by the idea that at equilibrium the catalyst affects both overall reaction rates in such a way that the ratio remains constant. I can see it in principle for a reaction coordinate with a single maximum, whose height is affected by the catalyst, but not for multi-step systems. 83:, in which "New Basqueland" and "The Independent Basque Country" are listed. If we had this situation, we could add a note that said: "hey, in Spain the basque is also spoken". But since the basque-speaking peoples do not have an independent state, they do not appear as an independent section in the Ibero-America article, so we don't mention them. But as we already have a section for the catalan-speaking countries (Andorra), it's good to add the note I added. I'm not sure if you understand what I mean xD 3839: 2301:

don't know the mechanism well, the barrier is possibly even larger than that for the forward reaction, given that the formation of ammonia is slightly endothermic (DeltaHf = -10 kcal/mol). Ammonia is very stable (in the kinetic sense) at room temperature; one does not see it decomposing into N2 and H2. But if you put ammonia in a Haber reactor you should see it decompose until it reached equilibrium, and it would reach it faster thanks to the catalyst. --

2805: 1587:"The most basic approach is to manipulate the various equilibrium constants till the desired concentrations are expressed in terms of measured equilibrium constants (equivalent to measuring chemical potentials) and initial conditions" again rubbish as it stands. If we say manipulate various expressions relating to the equilibrium, that's getting nearer to being meaningful, but the idea of measuring chemical potentials in this context defeats me. 2777:

Theil desselben in 2 Theilen Wasser ... mit 2½ bis 3 Theilen Manganhyperoxid... 3 Theile Schwefelsäure (1 part suggar in 2 parts water with 2½ to 3 parts Manganhyperoxide and 3 parts sulfuric acid at 60°C). There are no ants in this discription at all. The discription of furfural is small in this article and states: oil like substance smelling like almonds is a by product of the synthesis. I think we should change the article accordigly.--

2084:

reversibility. It is true that there could be side reactions involving NH and NH2, but that is true for both the forward and the reverse reactions. However, I don't imagine that these reactions will be of major importance, because they would presumably be reversible too and lead to species that are less stable than N2, H2, and NH3. The fact that the Haber process works leads me to think that, but I'm not an expert on it. --

3656: 864: 2481:. The forward reaction rate, in the absence of a catalyst, is slow. I agree that H atoms may well be present but the evidence suggests that they don't have enough energy to kick-start the reaction. Whilst the catalysed reaction may well obey the principle of microscopic reversibility it is likely that the catalyst has no effect on the dissociation process. That was my original concern. If NH 2950:". I disagree with the policy, but it's still likely to get deleted by someone else. The additions may be useful, but to pass by the more strict enforcers of the fair use rules you'll need to break it out of the gallery and add some notes about why each cover is worth mentioning. (Some notes on the history and differences between the books might be enough.) — 1685:

original I will quit editing it. Like you say, I put a lot of time and effort into the revised version. I did it because I wanted to get the science right and reverting to the original will mean that the science in the article is not right. There's no way I could put it right by an series of incremental edits such as I have done, for example, with

811: 2259:, 2nd ed. clearly states that enzymes also catalyze the reverse reaction. Although there is still some controversy regarding the best explanation for enzymatic catalysis, which can also vary from enzyme to enzyme, it is pretty clear that it is not by simply binding to the substrate as per the lock-and-key model. A more accepted explanation is 2276:

is mainly effective away from equilibrium. I find it difficult (but not impossible) to accept that at equilibrium the catalyst affects both reaction rates equally. It's also possible that at equilibrium the catalyst has no effect. The kinetics of multi-step reactions is not something that we should get into, is it! Let's leave it at that.

3460:

the nineteenth century. I suspect it was first used in the early or mid-twentieth century. I have always confidently assumed that the person who introduced it (whoever that was) chose the letter R to stand for "radical"; but that is, as I say, just an assumption. I'm sorry I am not able to give you a better answer to this question.

3236:, but the GA was put on hold with comments that are so vague as to be nearly useless. I say forget about GA and go straight for FA. At least the process is more open, with more people giving their opinion, and with more dialog where one can generally ask for specific, actionable items and ignore the objections that are not clarified. -- 2529:

substances, but this is not true of solutes; I don't think that the argument can be applied to solutions because there are entropy factors that apply to the solvent itself, particularly in reactions where ions are involved. I conclude that it needs to be stated that the entropy of mixing idea does not apply universally.

1121:. Your constant input on the peer review, your support on the FAC, your solution to the solution problem, and your edits to the article itself are all greatly appreciated. If you ever have an article being peer reviewed (and I'm not already making comments there), let me know and I'll settle up the score. -- 3459:

You asked on my talk page if I knew where the symbol "R" comes from, when used to symbolize any arbitrary hydrocarbon radical in a structural formula. I don't know the historical origin of this symbol, but I can tell you that it is either very rare or not found at all among chemical formulas used in

2748:

Can you explain why you redirected the article Energy (Chemistry) to energy. There was already a conflict with physchim62 regardingthe earlier redirect, in which Jrefree has given some suggestions. From the above post I notice that you somehow specialize in such acts. I really feel concerned with the

2539:

I think it would be good to qualify that the entropy of mixing does not apply to heterogeneous systems, which are in some ways similar to phase equilibria. It is also true that the ideal entropy of mixing is not exact for non-ideal solutions, given the entropy changes in the solvent that you mention.

2518:

I have at last obtained pdf's of the two articles you cited, and have read the one by Clugston carefully. There is no doubt that entropy maximisation and free energy minimisation are two sides of the same coin. In that sense Clugston's article is "trivial". Moreover I detect something that looks like

2275:

Many thanks for these comments. I'm still not completely convinced, but I don't want you to spend any more time on this discussion. I think there are two situations which need to be considered: at equilibrium forward and backward rates are equal, but away from equilibrium this is not so. The catalyst

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SuggestBot picks articles in a number of ways based on other articles you've edited, including straight text similarity, following wikilinks, and matching your editing patterns against those of other Wikipedians. It tries to recommend only articles that other Wikipedians have marked as needing work.

4428:

Answer to Plasmic Physics: Your group numbering may seem sensible to you, but it is not the numbering used by any chemistry book or article that I have ever seen, or that Itub has ever seen according to his answer above. Knowledge (XXG) policy is to summarize information which is accepted elsewhere,

4092:

Terminology! My mistake, I meant anion. Two atoms or ions that both have positive or negative oxidation states are not and cannot be bonded or ionically or otherwise. Negative to positive, neutral to neutral, or negative to neutral to positive, not negative to negative, or positive to positive. Just

2390:

I've made this sketch of a hypothetical six-step mechanism to illustrate a point. In this sketch, the rate in the forward direction is determined by the difference TS1-R, and in the reverse direction by TS1-P. The rate-determining step is the same in both directions. One could think that the reverse

2159:

The equilibrium constant depends on the energies of C and D independently of intermediate energies. The catalyst affects the energy of an intermediate state, but not the equilibrium composition of the mixture, so in this multi-step situation one reaction can be speeded up without affecting the final

2083:

I don't know the literature about the thermolysis of ammonia, but I'm pretty sure that the dissociation energies have been calculated. I don't see why the catalytic mechanism for the Haber process wouldn't speed up the reverse reaction, and I don't know any exceptions to the principle of microscopic

3049:

I'm done for now, but it would be good to know what format such a list should have, in case I need it in the future. Note that I'm not renaming categories, but in some cases removing categories that are too general, in others substituting them with a more specific category, and yet in others adding

2776:

Most of the literature points to 1873 not the original paper from 1870! But know I found a problem in furfural. The original publication of Döbereiner from 1832 states that he wants to introduce formic acid (Ameisensäure) for several medical issues and therefor introduces a synthesis from suggar. 1

2718:

Besides STR3DI32, there are only a few, if any, molecular mechanics based programs that can be described as quantitative versions of the VSEPR theory. Since the VSEPR theory is, and will remain, an invaluable tool in organic chemistry, an article on STR3DI32 is also valuable and important. None

2300:

It has to be affected, due to microscopic reversibility. I think you are focusing too much on the dissociation of N2, which admittedly is a highly unfavorable step which hinders the reaction. But the reverse reaction also faces quite a big barrier. Although I don't know exactly what it is because I

2254:

Enzymes can certainly catalyze the reverse reaction as well, and many reactions of metabolic interest are reversible and need the enzyme to catalyze it both directions (I think the hydrolysis of CO2 is a good example, due to its a role in the regulation of pH of the blood). At least the book I have

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D. It is assumed that A and B are always in equilibrium with one another, and that C and D are not, because the barriers from C to A and from D to B are insurmountable under the reaction conditions (i.e., have a half-life longer than hours, months, years, or billions of years, etc. depending on the

1800:

I've looked at bit at J. Chem. Ed. and couldn't find an article with this type of calculation, but I wouldn't object to adding it as a footnote as it is a relatively straightforward derivation from the equations that are already in the article. However, when I tried to do this calculation I got 271

1580:

This last statement is fundamentally unsound and is one of the reasons why I undertook a re-write. In media of constant ionic strength there is no such approximation. Even Atkins may be unaware of this, but I can't say for sure as I only have the 1st. Edition (being the old inorganic chemist that I

2544:

contribution to the free energy that explains the existence of chemical equilibrium for ideal systems. If it is excluded, a plot of free energy vs advance of reaction has no minimum but is a straight line, and one would expect 100% conversion to the products (assuming they have a lower free energy

2247:

That's a common drawing convention used in physical organic chemistry to indicate that those states (reactant, product, or intermediate) are in fact minima in the (multi-dimensional) potential energy surface. However, it is just for illustration, and some authors choose to use other illustrations,

4350:

Thanks for removing "whistogen" and "dracogen" which I had wondered about as well. I also question the same editor's group numbers for the lanthanides: IC to VIIIC with seven (!) elements numbered VIIIC. Certainly Mendeleev and Bohr would be surprised, but I would like your opinion. Have you ever

3529:

Such mass hysteria seems to be working. User BHG is one of the top-10 editors by edit count on Knowledge (XXG) and has lots of friends. I can't imagine most WWI veteran articles surviving if this trend continues. I do urge everyone who considers tracking the oldest-old, whether WWI vets or no, to

1684:

It was for these reasons that I said his editing was irresponsible and wanted to start again from my original. It's hardly my job to correct his errors is it? I should be grateful if you would post some conciliatory remarks on the chemical equilibrium talk page - if the article is reverted to the

797:

I've just spoken to him (James) on the phone and he's informed me that his account has been re-infiltrated again by whoever keeps using his laptop, most likely his son. He's been away for 3 days on a trip, so it's unlikely any of the things that were added were from him directly, and he wanted to

2894:

If I may add, I started looking for real information on this molecule precisely in an attempt to demonstrate its notability in case someone nominated it for deletion. To my surprise, I couldn't find anything, which lead me to the conclusion that it should be deleted. I'm all from saving chemical

2502:

Unfortunately I don't know much about the history of the law of mass action, and I don't think I want to get involved at this point. The only thing I can suggest is to discuss the topic calmly and try to find good recent references about it. If the textbooks are wrong, I'm sure someone must have

3433:

Good catch on that AfD - I saw the very badly written article which was posted last night and reacted a bit too hastily. Thanks for taking the time to confirm that there was a worthwhile subject there. I've withdrawn the nom, and rewritten the article from scratch with the references you found.

2864:

I saw your prod. I'm not sure if this is entirely made up by the first editor to this page since it has been mentioned elsewhere. Some chemical compounds are also rather imaginatively named (what about cubane or prismane?), so that in itself is not sufficient reason to say this name is made up.

2528:

Re-read Clugston's paper. He acknowledges that the argument does not apply to heterogeneous equilibria. That's solubility out of the window! The statement that standard free energy change refers to pure substances is not correct in general. For gases and liquids the standard states are the pure

2127:

but in any case for this particular figure the RDS for both directions is TS2. If you solve all the differential equations you'll see that the rate will change equally for both directions, regardless of which TS you modify. Also, if you could change the rate in only one direction, you would be

2037:

speeds up the reverse reaction or not not. Looking at the proposed mechanism, it seems very unlikely to me. One can imagine all sorts of free radical reactions occurring rapidly in the gas phase once the first N-H bond is thermally homolysed. I have two questions for you. 1) Do you know of any

542:

Sorry about the flub on the conversion rate. I saw "currently" without any indication how current "current" was, and wanted to insert a date (and felt the need to validate that the rate hadn't changed since whenever "current" was). In case you're curious how I messed up: I got 9¢ (US) per peso

4037:

The -1 oxidation state occurs in acetylene, in carbon 1 of ethanol, ethylamine, chloroethane, and all other similar compounds with a C(CH2)X substructure where X is an atom more electronegative than carbon. It also occurs in the central carbon of isobutane. And many, many more compounds. Read

2662:

I recently added a paragraph to the article on the anomeric effect, in which I pointed out that there are actually two conformations of the equatorial 2-tetrahydropyranyl ether that MUST show n-sigma* effects. Anyone with a molecular model of this molecule can see this. Yet you deleted my

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regarding the Catalan-speaking population of Spain. This is of course correct, but I think that it is going to be problematic to try to classify the countries by language because several countries (including, but not limited to Spain) are multi-lingual. There's also Guarani, English, Nahuatl,

1692:

May I add that I declined to enter the entropy of mixing "debate" though in fact I initiated it with a remark I made to happy camper. You were, of course, right, but loom91 would not accept your arguments. His statement "Actually, it's more general to talk about entropy, because it is a more

626:

Either I've completely lost my mind, or I'm dealing with an invariably insulting editor who has an advanced degree in chemistry, yet really doesn't understand key parts of the physics of the subject. So, I'm asking for some badly needed RfC on the chem section of this article. I'm leaving an

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in the sense that the name was not made up by the initial author of the article, but it is certainly a "made up" name in a more general sense. There are many imaginatively named molecules, such as cubane, where the names do get used in the "real world", and as such they will appear in real

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regarding the wording of the lyrics, and provided some sources at least I consider more important than the normal amateur site. It went unanswered for more than two weeks before I decided to take action and change the las phrase. You jumped to revert my edits, leaving no reference of the

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O the catalyst affects the activation energy (TS1) for the forward reaction, but not neccessarily for the reverse (TS2). It will only affect the reverse reaction rate if it happens to be also the rate-determining step and if the reverse reaction must follow the same reaction path.

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I had reverted it because I guess something had gone wrong with the coding and the page was deleted. I tried refreshing the ñ page and it kept givnig me an error that it no longer existed, so I reverted it and it came back. Sorry, not hard feeling to whatever change you had made.

2677:

You really have NOT given me any reason for your desire to delete the article on STR3DI32. I can only assume that you are in opposition to any method of molecular modeling that is not orbital based. Am I correct? Is this move just another self-appointed censoring?

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version nor any message at the talk page. What's more, you claim that to be the "real" version, providing no sources. I feel like reverting back to my version, but will let you explain youractions and source your position. I'll past this also at the article's talk page.

2477:. If this is the case, then the dissociation of ammonia at the temperature and pressure of the Haber process can reach equilibrium rapidly without the aid of a catalyst because there will be a steady state concentration of nitrogen atoms and radicals, including NH, NH 2401:

N2H and so on. Also note that in the catalytic mechanism you are not really lowering any of these steps but rather undergoing a completely different mechanism, with more steps, the first of which is probably the adsorption of N2 and H2 on the surface of the catalyst.

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Yes, I already have most of this typed up in a sub-section called "Heat and affinity" of a chapter called "Affinity and Free Energy" (chapter 11, pgs. 329-368) of a new 2007 textbook on Human Chemistry publishing soon. I'll just give you the 7-page subsection here:

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I see your point, and I agree. There are practically no limits on the number of chemicals which can and do exist, but not all are "important" in the sense of them having a practical use as a catalyst, building block, etc, or even being of academic interest.

2385: 1351: 1042:. And of course, you're always welcome to edit my templates. :-) By the way, if you have a picture of a particle in a box, that would be really nice...do you have access to a lab, where you could say, heat a cubic crystal of NaCl in some sodium vapor? -- 2424:

suggests that both molecules are dissociated on the Fe surface. What is certain is that the activation energy for breaking the N-N bond is lowered. Now consider the reverse reaction. I can imagine that nitrogen atoms are produced by such reactions as

2138:. The only exception to this principle I know of is in the case of photochemically activated reactions; in those, after the excitation the system finds itself in a different potential energy surface, which usually goes downhill to the products. -- 38:

Euskera, Gallego, etc... So I suggest getting rid of the language classification altogether (or at least try show the languages in a more general way that doesn't give the impression that there is only one language per country). What do you think?

4093:

because one book cites information doesn't mean its true. If Nitrogen in dinitrogen difluoride has a formal oxidation state of +1 then according to basic physical chemisty rules, the nitrogen cannot be bonded to the other, as I just explained.

3158:

Could you please respond to the question addressed in the RFC: whether the country is ambiguous or not? I would like to close that RFC with some conclusion and start a different one on the topic that people have been writing about. Thanks!

2285:

One last thought, after all. If the catalyst simply lowers the energy barrier to the point where the forward reaction proceeds at its "natural" rate equilibrium will be reached quickly. In the ammonia case the barrier is the dissociation of

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Smokefoot and I have been working on this page, and from my limited experience it seems to cover most of the common techniques. Do you have any comments about the style, formatting, etc.? Or, any suggestions for inclusion? Thanks for your

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Thanks Itub. I think for the moment I'm going to ask for clarification on the GA review. It can't hurt to see what the concerns might be. There's no hurry, after all. I was planning to take it through for FAC once the GA was passed. —

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such as straight horizontal lines. The minima as plotted only have a strict meaning when the reaction coordinate is well-defined, which can only be plotted for very simple reactions. I'm using the same style as this book, for example:

4294:

I'm sorry, but I can't agree with those suggestions. I see no reason for excluding organic compounds and compounds with homonuclear bonds. There's nothing special about these compounds and nothing exotic about those oxidation states.

105:. That is how things are done. See the guidelines we agreed some weeks ago on the talk page. I have recommended deletion of the external link and keeping your excellent new addition. Please keep contributing to this page. Regards, -- 568:

Thanks, I've commented about the figure in the article's talk page. The only thing I miss is the mention of the equivalent representation in terms of resonance structures. I may add it later, but it sorely needs a figure too. :)

2964:

Ok, I've move them out of the gallery, but I had put them there only in an attempt to improve the layout of the page (the floating images were screwing up the headings and stuff like that). I also expanded the history section.

2593:, 4144-4147 appears to have a proof of uniqueness. I suspect that these proofs might be difficult to convey to the general reader. Incidentally, the entropy of mixing for ideal gases is also discussed and cites M.W. Zermanski, 4467: 4310:

OK, so this is a matter of ego, since either way your oxidation states could be introduced into the article? Do we need to bring in someone more supperior, perhaps an auditor? Do you not want to put an end to this incessant

2719:

of the principles that you refer to, concerning articles in the Wiki, have been violated. Arev you simply trying to prevent other readers from knowing about the existence of a MM program that quantitates the VSEPR theory?

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2N + 6H. Note: I don't think that's the real mechanism, but rather a free radical mechanism as you suggest. That means that you wouldn't need to fully dissociate N2 as the first step, you could have something like N2 + H -:

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Physchim62 posted a bunch of evidence against me. I really didn't want to expand the case, but he's forced me to respond. I hope you understand that this isn't personal. Our conversations were going so nicely. Sigh. -

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charge that an atom would have if the electrons were partitioned according to an arbitrary set of rules (the electrons in a bond are "counted" as belonging to the most electronegative atom). In any case, even atoms with

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Hi, I rewrote this article. I apologize if I seem to have lost some of your wording. You got this article off to a great start, and I could not resist. Feel free to revise what I put up. I will insert a figure soon.

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was similarly infiltrated and the password and email changed so he was unable to recover it. Regardless, i'll see him on saturday morning and speak to him then, but i just wanted to give you the "heads up". Cheers,

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If you genuinely feel that you have a new oxidation state but, it does not comply with these rules, then add it to the main article not the info box. And state the conditions under which that oxidation state

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article; I wouldn't be surprised if he had already considered its role in equilibrium in one of his famous papers published around 1870. But I haven't read any of Gibbs's papers so I can't tell for sure.

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actually deal with different topics. My opinion is that they don't, and therefore having two articles is redundant. I don't have a strong preference regarding the title of the resulting article, though.

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Its acctually quite sensible to have seven VIIIC groups, it is no more senseless than having three VIIIB groups. Section A has one, if group 0 is concidered as group VIIIA, section B has three, section

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As far as I'm concerned, please go ahead! I don't know anything about the history of furfural so I have no reason to object. It does sound more plausible that it was obtained from sugar than from ants.

1676: 3179:! Since you indicated that you agreed with item 3.1 (use common name) or 3.2 (use names shown on the Nobel site), could you please revisit the RFC and respond to the question in the section called 2241:

It is true that the equilibrium constant depends on the energies of C and D independently of intermediate energies. However, the equilibrium is dynamic, which means that for equilibrium C <-: -->

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Ivan, let me clarify my position. It's not that I object to anyone editing the article, it's the fact that it has been done so badly. Let me give a few examples. You can still see the original at

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and can conclude that there is something relevant to say other than that some people think it looks like a penguin, they are more than welcome to create a real article under the chemical name. --

4119:

You are confusing oxidation state with charge. Atoms with the same oxidation state can and do bond to each other. What part of the definition of oxidation state you don't understand? It is a

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What about catalysis by enzymes? If you broadly accept the priciple that enzyme and substrate are like lock and key an enzyme will only speed up the forward reaction. As an example, consider

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Hi, I notice that you are interested in molecular orbitals. Thus, for you to note, I have just started the molecular orbital theory article if you are interested in contributing. Thanks: --

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written an article on J. Chem. Ed. trying to clarify the issue. (Frankly, I don't even understand what the issue is. This is a historical topic about which I really know next to nothing.) --

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and although one could loosely merge these without to much difficulty, I reason that they should remain separate. Although I need to read more in this area, from what I understand so far

2837:" link (it is located at the very top of any Knowledge (XXG) page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any 3937:

This makes the 1+ simply a hypothetical average oxidation state if you were to isolate one nitrogen from the other. It is a calculated illusion, nothing more, it does not exist in the N

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D, for example, C is being converted into D exactly at the same rate as D is being converted into C. From mass balance it follows that whatever happens to the overall rate for C -: -->

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not to provide a forum for everyone's personal unpublished ideas on better ways to do things such as numbering the groups of the periodic table. For more details on this policy, see

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Perhaps you might want to change it to a db-not notable, but that is a problem too because the non-chemist mafia uses such reasoning to attempt to delete many of our chemical stubs.

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See answer on my TALK page. And, BTW, sorry for mistakenly posting this first on your user page, rather than properly your TALK page! A breach of wiki-ettiquette I know better than!

1977:. However, I'm not that familiar with this topic, and since the ancient history of chemistry seems to be one of your favorite topics I thought you might know more about it. Cheers, 4046:

by Greenwood and Earnshaw. You'll see that their table of oxidation states lists -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 for carbon, and -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 for nitrogen. --

3549:

Thanks for doing the right thing on that user page. I had forgotten about that page -- I had meant to mark it for deletion it weeks ago. Your prompting has reminded me to do that.

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All right, but I'm going away for a few days and I won't have time to do that until Monday. Please be patient, the world won't end if the article is not perfect for a few days. --

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It's a matter of not excluding perfectly well-known and well-documented oxidations states for arbitrary reasons that you haven't even cared to explain. I've created a thread at

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I'm not wedded to this format. As long as I can understand what change you want to make, and the article titles you want to apply this change to, I can take care of the rest. --

2833:

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "

2576: 3633:, plus it looks like the template won't be deleted. Personally, I don't think the actual lame edit war for the "Nobel Prize in Economics" article is the one listed in 3368: 3358: 1784: 1194:"Despite the failure of this derivation, the equilibrium constant for a reaction is indeed a constant, independent of the activities of the various species involved "! 2063: 3913:

In the future, please resort to the discussion page, before you try to edit something you think is wrong. Or it could result in a wikiwar which is against the rules.

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in the case of heterogeneous equilibria. I haven't given this any thought, as I'm not a thermodynamicist. Do you know if anything has been published on this subject?

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if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Knowledge (XXG) (see

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energy. I really see no alternative but to get him banned from editing the thing. Otherwise we're never going to be left alone to write it. I'm open to suggestions.

3444:

No problem, and you did a great job on the rewrite! The article originally didn't have much that was salvageable, so deleting it would have been understandable. --

4221:

Both arguments are non-sequiturs. Oxidation states can and are defined for atoms in molecules and don't need to be stable "by themselves", whatever that means. --

3968:

form compounds in the +1 oxidation state (FN=NF) and in the -1 oxidation state (HN=NH). I've reverted your edit accordingly. Please look at a decent book such as

2822:, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Knowledge (XXG). If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. 3192:

I don't know if this changes anything but wanted to let you know that I've discovered what the country data is supposed to be. You can find it under the point

2398:

N2, a step which might even be barrierless, but there had to be a large series of steps that had to be climbed starting from ammonia, something like 2NH3 -: -->

4007:

Why do you think that Carbon has a -1 oxidation state. If your trying to use the carbide ion as an example, I should point out that it is the same case as in N

2244:

C. Think about what would happen if you added a catalyst to a system that is already in equilibrium, and the catalyst only affected the rate in one direction.

2148:

I'm not expert in this field, so I'll accept what you say about microscopic reversibility. However there are a couple of matters that are still not clear.

3592:. When was the last time you saw even a mention of mathematical chemistry in a computational chemistry text or review? ;-) I've reverted the last edit. -- 2730: 2132:

true that the rates in both directions are equal at equilibrium. Therefore if you changed one without changing the other you would affect the equilibrium.

1681:

He's pasted this in from the old article, but the notation is inconsistent with the notation given earlier. The same applies to the rest of the section.

3683:, which you created or substantially expanded. If you know of another interesting fact from a recently created article, then please suggest it on the 3637:-- there are others that could be put there, but I won't add them since the edit war isn't over and it would probably only exasperate the situation. 3508: 2206:

into close proximity of the O attached to Zn and c) having a basic site handy to accept the liberated proton. I don't see how the enzyme can adapt to

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I know that oxidation state is related but not the same as charge. If your theory is correct, then why is the (I) only stable in the dimer form (N

1744:

Interesting point about reactions going to completion. I've done the maths and have come up with a semi-quantitative measure. For the reaction A+B

4366:

I have never heard of these group numbers, but I decided to give them the benefit of the doubt until I have time to look at it more carefully. --

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has seven, and the g-block would have eleven. It would be like saying that Earth has one moon, why should Jupiter have more moons than Ganymede.

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I find it incredulous that one would attack even the man who invented the term 'folklore' and started the field of 'supercentenarian tracking.'

1734:

Ok, I've turned it into a redirect. I hadn't noticed that the content was identical, so I thought that a more involved merge would be needed. --

3500:

Greetings, User Brown-Haired Girl has waged a campaign to wipe out the entire 'supercentenarians' field on Knowledge (XXG). This has included:

1161: 102: 4327: 3985: 3946: 440: 2834: 2263:, which means that the enzyme binds to the transition state better than to the substrate itself, thus lowering the effective barrier. -- 672:

with the reason "non-covalent bonding is important in the field of supramolecular chemistry according to Lehn". I'm not questioning the

1021:. (Of course, most of these are not distinguished as X center, Y electron, but can be considered "types of bonds" to some extent.) -- 3868:

it and make it go away, and no hard feelings; after all, it's just a small token of appreciation. If you like it, just add your name

2946:

covers into a gallery. Unfortunately book covers are only accepted under Knowledge (XXG)'s Fair Use guidelines. Most importantly, "

1814:

You are right, I forgot the 2.303. Please put this stuff in yourself if you want to, as I won't touch the article again for a while.

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As noted, Hallen, after totally screwing up the energy article, is now going to actively prevent anybody from writing a summary of

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Take the permanganate ion for instance, in it, Manganese has a formal oxidation state of +7. There can be be no indiscrepencies.

587:

No problem, it's not like I own the article, I didn't even start it! The article is better now thanks to your contributions too.

4187:

is a formal oxidation state of oxygen then why does no molecule exist with that atom that doesn't contain the dioxygenyl cation?

2555:

Thanks for these comments. I, too have been away. To be perfectly general we also need to explain the existence of a minimum in

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D. In this case, the first step has a barrier with the difference TS1−C. However, in the context of the system discussed in the

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ca. 118 kJ mol. I doubt if this result is original. If we can find a citable source it might be worth adding it as footnote.

703:, the main founder of this field, who won the 1987 Nobel Prize for his work in SMC, defines “molecular chemistry”, as begun by 2904: 3558: 2069:? If not, would you like to amuse yourself with some juicy open-shell calculations? The point at issue is whether a catalyst 899: 131: 2814:. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Knowledge (XXG) under a 4447:

Right, I will comply, but as a final note, it was not my own research, I just lack the ability to accurately refference it.

3039:, if you give me a list of what maps to what. So, would you like a hand? It would save you a lot of typing and clicking? -- 1593: 3475: 3197: 3176: 3169: 3152: 3288:

Sorry about that! I have no idea what happened there, must have inadvertently highlighted your paragraph and overtyped it

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for a multi-stage reaction. It clearly illustrates that, for example, in the carbonic anhydrase- catalysed reaction of CO

627:

identical message for user:smokefoot and everybody else with a chem degree I can think of. Gracias for the outside view.

2290:; once this process is speeded up by the Fe catalyst the reaction proceeds "normally". The back-reaction is unaffected. 1164:

to complement these two. My qualification for making such a bold proposal is more than 30 years experience in the field

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Thanks for your note. I'm not sure what the problem is either, but I'll put the word out for some help. Thanks again! -

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of the same sign can form covalent bonds to each other too. Chemical bonds are not simple electrostatic attraction. --

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http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard/3RR#User:Itub_reported_by_User:CyclePat_.28Result:_.29

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2) You remove the same reference and sourced information, per the above example, and, this time, the second reference.

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molecule, because the two nitrogen atoms are bonded together, they form a completely covalent radicle concisting of N

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I decided to remove them too. They seem extremely dubious and I haven't found any plausible google hits for them. --

1144:

I'm pleased to see that you are following developments here. This is the broader picture: I am proposing to replace

1038:

I haven't decided what to put in that template yet, since I wanted to avoid duplicating the items that are found in

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There are several proofs of the existence and uniqueness of chemical equilibrium cited in Van Zeggeren and Storey,

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http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Categories_for_discussion/Log/2007_November_1#Category:Supercentenarian_trackers

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Anyway, I have no vested interest in this article, but I do not believe wp:made-up is an appropriate reason. --

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between supermolecules. Intermolecular forces, on the other had, is a more general term which may include the

711:. He contrasts this with the new field of “supramolecular chemistry” as related to the making and breaking of 696: 602: 399: 305: 2589:(1970). Unfortunately they are conference reports rather than publications. D.B. Shear, J. Chem. Phys. (1969) 2038:

literature on the thermolysis of ammonia? Have the dissociation energies (for loss of one hydrogen atom) of NH

1346:{\displaystyle K={\frac {k_{+}}{k_{-}}}={\frac {\{S\}^{\sigma }\{T\}^{\tau }}{\{A\}^{\alpha }\{B\}^{\beta }}}} 2396:

Back to the Haber process, let's assume for a moment that the first step is the dissociation of N2, N2 -: -->

1168:. However, I'm looking for some kind of consensus and your views will be most appreciated. Please respond at 3725:

the accronym you have provide does not meet the standards for inclusion)... I'm copying this message to the

3575: 1974: 951: 472:

Thanks for your message about this article. I've expanded it. Take a look and improve as necessary. Thanks,

315: 3895: 3655: 3568: 3004: 2983: 2955: 2597:(1957) so that idea is not very new, even if it has only recently crept into Atkins's Physical Chemistry. 1559: 1182: 757: 139: 3403: 84: 3978: 3838: 3671: 3629:. I'm pretty sure the complaints are less about the template and more about the article's inclusion in 3513: 2412:

Now we have come full circle. I agree that the catalytic mechanism probably involves the adsorption of N

1993:

with the 25-references included and I'll leave it to you to format (short on time presently). Later: --

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fundamental and universal quantity than Gibbs energy" shows him to have a poor grasp of thermodynamics.

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Ivan: Per your request, I have added a couple of diagrams to the Polyurethane page. I hope these help.

1990: 676:

of non-covalent bonding. What I'm questioning is whether the Knowledge (XXG) articles currently titled

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http://en.wikipedia.org/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Robert_Young_%28longevity_claims_researcher%29

2160:

outcome. The rate of reaction away from equilibrium conditions is not the same as that at equilibrium.

1191:

The expression for forward reaction rate has been separated from the defining equilibrium expression.

457: 4475: 4448: 4415: 4312: 4275: 4188: 4162:), why does this collapse into a different state outside of the dimer? You don't get the NF molecule. 4094: 4020: 3678: 3418: 3298: 1721: 1153: 1145: 677: 669: 431: 388: 333: 4246:

Its time to reach common ground, here is my suggestion When we add new oxidation states, they must:

3721:. Surelly you can explain in better details and provide some sources for your mis-information. (per 3626: 3603: 2896: 2846: 1010: 732: 364: 235: 76: 72: 48: 3119: 3094: 3069: 3065: 2879: 2819: 2733:, where other Knowledge (XXG) editors with no part in this dispute will help reach a consensus. -- 1063:

Nope, I'm a theoretical/computational chemist. I tend to break things when I go into a lab. ;-) --

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Depending on how specific you want the template to be, others you might want to consider include

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Occur unbonded to another atom of the same element with the same oxidation state in the example.

3916:

There are two kinds of oxidation states: Formal oxiodation sates and averaged oxidation states.

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Ok, I've followed one of Jreferee's suggestions and nominated the article for deletion. Cheers,

2128:

changing the position of equilibrium. While it is true that K=k1/k-1 is not generally valid, it

1540:{\displaystyle K{\stackrel {\mathrm {def} }{=}}{\frac {\left^{c}\left^{d}}{\left^{a}\left^{b}}}} 3060:

I'll have to key it into AWB myself anyway, so it doesn't matter. You can have something like:

4438: 4400: 4356: 3982: 3697: 3387: 3383: 3371:. Please add any evidence you may wish the Arbitrators to consider to the evidence sub-page, 2979: 2951: 2009: 1764:

AB, if one starts with 1 mol of A and 1 mol of B reaction "goes to completion" when Lg K : -->

1563: 1551: 762: 421: 287: 135: 3861: 3857: 3745: 3634: 3630: 3622: 2823: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2558: 3970: 3805: 3275: 3252: 3143: 3040: 2922: 2869: 2804: 1994: 1970: 1769: 1126: 1123: 1095: 1043: 955: 913: 736: 704: 609: 494: 473: 240: 64: 60: 56: 52: 3768: 3578:? I think it is wrong, but I do not really have time until tomorrow to address it again. -- 3233: 3214: 2693: 2048: 4471: 4039: 3808:. I've left a reply on the talk page for you. Best regards, in all humility, Thank you. -- 3291: 2099: 804: 700: 403: 270: 215: 205: 200: 169: 80: 3865: 3718: 2815: 2456: 2432: 2181: 950:

Do you have a list of all X-center, Y-electron bonds somewhere? I made a new template at

879: 4328:

Knowledge (XXG) talk:WikiProject Elements#Oxidation_states_of_the_elements_and_infoboxes

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speeds up both forward and backward reactions when the mixture is not at equilibrium.

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or an intermediate is adsorbed by the catalyst that would be yet another mechanism.

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articles from "non-chemistry mafia" deletionists, which is why I worked on rescuing

4466:

Hi there, I've made some chages to the article and replied to your comments on the

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seen these numbers before, or are they equally nonsense which should be deleted?

2384: 1855:=1 and =1/N, the result follows. Footnote or mini section? I have no preference. 1724:, so I am happy to replace the content by a redirect, or you do it if you agree. 3662: 3435: 3248: 2260: 982: 863: 501: 328: 225: 3872:, but again, there's no need to feel upset if you don't. Love and best wishes, 3312:

I really like your point about Jekyll/Hyde. That issue is worth clarifying. -

2124:

It's not that simple. The concept of rate-determining step has its limitations,

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explain also that he's looked at his page and will change it when he gets back.

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That said, I still think the entropy of mixing is important because it is the

2533: 2523: 2507: 2496: 2406: 2377: 2305: 2294: 2280: 2267: 2218: 2142: 2118: 2088: 2077: 2022: 2012: 1997: 1981: 1949: 1922: 1859: 1805: 1791: 1738: 1728: 1711: 1699: 1175: 1134: 1098: 1067: 1046: 1025: 994: 972: 965: 958: 937: 927: 904: 849: 832: 815: 782: 768: 739: 724: 689: 658: 644: 612: 591: 582: 573: 562: 547: 532: 518: 504: 486: 476: 460: 445: 406: 346: 159: 142: 119: 109: 106: 87: 3934:. In this radicle the 2+ oxidation state is shared between the participants. 3713:

I would like to invite you to take a look at the discussion happening on the

2883:

publications and indexed by CAS. But that is not the case with penguinone. --

2369:. The energy of this dissociation is much less than for the dissociation of N 1558:. Often (conditions are given below) these activities can be approximated by 4381: 4367: 4331: 4296: 4222: 4129: 4071: 4047: 3993: 3593: 3445: 3326: 3237: 3126: 3101: 3076: 3051: 2966: 2908: 2884: 2789: 2760: 2734: 2709: 2708:. If after that you still don't understand the reason, I cannot help you. -- 2613: 2546: 2504: 2403: 2302: 2264: 2163:

Why are the energies of C and D shown as minima rather than constant values?

2139: 2085: 2019: 1978: 1802: 1735: 1708: 1064: 1022: 969: 934: 829: 779: 686: 588: 570: 483: 351: 255: 190: 116: 2135:

For more information about the principle of microscopic reversibility, see

2607:

Well, the entropy of mixing was known by Gibbs, at least according to the

1969:(salt, sulphur, mercury) would be useful to add to the history section of 2770: 1118: 515: 275: 2243:

D has to be compensated by an equivalent change in the rate for D -: -->

172:

predicts that you will enjoy editing some of these articles. Have fun!

810: 380:

Your contributions make Knowledge (XXG) better -- thanks for helping.

4015:

in Nitrogen. The "-1" state does not occur anywhere out side of the C

2903:

is a joke. If anyone has the inclination to read the 11 papers about

2624: 619: 265: 4470:. Could you have a look and see if I have dealt with your concerns? 3804:

Hello Itub, I would first like to apologize for all the comotion at

3514:

http://en.wikipedia.org/Louis_Epstein_%28supercentenarian_tracker%29

1765:

2 lg N, where N is Avagadro's constant: for this reaction lg K : -->

398:

P.S. You received these suggestions because your name was listed on

75:

would not fit in what I did, because we don't have a section called

2948:

Fair use images may never be included as part of a photo gallery...

3486:

which seems the best place to discuss it, so please reply there.

2397:

N + N. The reverse step would be the formation of N2, N + N -: -->

933:

Hey, thanks for the star, and for all the work you did. Cheers! --

578:

Thank you for your patience (with my invasiveness) and guidance.--

310: 250: 68: 3375:. You may also contribute to the case on the workshop sub-page, 3035:

I see you're recatting a lot of stuff right now. I can help with

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kJ/mol. Are you sure you didn't mix up the log10 with the ln? --

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contradicts itself and says both C3v and D3h! I left a note on

2033:

I'm currently trying to puzzle out whether the catalyst in the

695:

While I appreciate your effort to organize, I have interest in

3748:

I have noticed that you violated the 3R rule. This is because:

3170:

Talk:Nobel Prize in Chemistry#RFC: Country data in Nobel lists

793:

Just thought i'd mirror what i posted to MessedRocker's page;

3417:

Hello Itub! Thank you for some userful information. Regards,

3377:

Knowledge (XXG):Requests for arbitration/Sadi Carnot/Workshop

3373:

Knowledge (XXG):Requests for arbitration/Sadi Carnot/Evidence

3153:

Talk:Nobel Prize in Chemistry#RFC: Country – ambiguous or not

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and put that and the new addition you added up for debate on

3367:

An Arbitration case in which you commented has been opened:

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is not a radical (let alone a radicle!). It is an anion. --

2799:

Orphaned non-free image (Image:Players handbook 2nd ed.jpg)

2749:

wikipedia future, if people like you are given a free hand

2152:

I think the activation energy for the first step is not ΔG

1188:

Introduction: Adding a catalyst will fasten the reaction!

4395:

Good decision, and your edit summary is well expressed.

3574:

Good work on this article. Have you seen the new lead to

3428:

Knowledge (XXG):Articles for deletion/Alka Seltzer Rocket

43:

I did so because there are three sections in the article

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I'm assuming you are talking about the process C -: -->

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Thanks for point that out. (Was late at night :-( ) --

402:. If this was in error, sorry about the confusion. -- 1671:{\displaystyle G=U+PV-TS=\sum _{i=1}^{m}\mu _{i}N_{i}} 2561: 2459: 2435: 2317: 2184: 2051: 1872: 1772: 1750: 1596: 1429: 1371: 1237: 1210: 3369:

Knowledge (XXG):Requests for arbitration/Sadi Carnot

3359:

Knowledge (XXG):Requests for arbitration/Sadi Carnot

387:

on how to make SuggestBot better, please tell me on

59:. I thought it was good to add the note next to the 3852:by placing a heart icon in the top-right corner of 3761:

3) Despite the changes, you remove both references.

3717:. You and I are heading towards a slipery slope of 3181:

Clarification & Questions related to 3.1 or 3.2

2420:on the surface of the catalyst. The article on the 654:Thanks for the help with the missing topics page - 2841:will be deleted after seven days, as described on 2570: 2465: 2441: 2361: 2190: 2057: 1878: 1778: 1756: 1670: 1566:, giving the easier to measure and use constants K 1539: 1407: 1345: 1216: 719:if fashioned so. If you don’t believe me, look at 707:in 1828, as related to the making and breaking of 668:I'm puzzled by your removal of the merge tag from 130:Heyas, thanks for your limitations section to the 2488:P.S. An edit war has broken out in regard to the 2210:a bicarbonate molecule and a proton rather than 1866:The result can be somewhat generalised. For A+nB 165:Articles you might like to edit, from SuggestBot 152:was what I wanted to say about bismuth. Thanks = 3215:WP:ANI#user:panda possible breach of good faith 1965:Hi, I was thinking that some discussion of the 1574:encountered in high-school chemistry courses. 803:He also informed me that his previous account, 3474:Are you sure it is C3v as you have stated for 2731:Knowledge (XXG):Articles for deletion/STR3DI32 2362:{\displaystyle NH_{3}\to NH_{2}\cdot +H\cdot } 1766:ca. 47.5/mols of reactant. This translates to 1917:it comes out that the criterion is Lg K : --> 1408:{\displaystyle aA+bB\rightleftharpoons cC+dD} 8: 3232:My opinion is that the article is ready for 2235:article, the "first" step is either A -: --> 1331: 1324: 1315: 1308: 1297: 1290: 1281: 1274: 855:Thanks for the help on Timeline of chemistry 4330:so other people can give their opinions. -- 3864:If you don't really like it, feel free to 3833: 3650: 968:, which were missing from the template. -- 754:the numerous contributions made by James? 3992:before deleting more oxidation states. -- 3675:was updated with a fact from the article 2560: 2458: 2434: 2341: 2325: 2316: 2225:I'll use the same numbering for clarity. 2183: 2050: 1871: 1771: 1749: 1662: 1652: 1642: 1631: 1595: 1528: 1510: 1490: 1472: 1457: 1442: 1441: 1436: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1420:The equilibrium constant K is defined as 1370: 1334: 1318: 1300: 1284: 1271: 1260: 1250: 1244: 1236: 1209: 3706:I invite you to have your discussion on 3496:Are the Oldest-Old or Final Few notable? 3382:On behalf of the Arbitration Committee, 2905:3,4,4,5-Tetramethyl-2,5-cyclohexadienone 2383: 3617:your original reason for including the 3395: 2156:, but the difference between C and TS1. 861: 3518:And, even, a man dead over 100 years: 2587:The computation of chemical equilibria 2257:Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry 1720:The content is identical with that of 1162:Determination of equilibrium constants 964:I don't have a list, but I just added 103:Talk:List of publications in chemistry 3860:but simply a small way to spread the 3825: 3522:http://en.wikipedia.org/William_Thoms 3325:I'm glad we agree about something! -- 2311:The reverse reaction must begin with 7: 4254:Provide an refference to an example. 954:and would like to add them to it. -- 750:Hi there! Just curious, why did you 3289: 1879:{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 1757:{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 1217:{\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 731:is defined by the use of the term “ 727:, in which the intro definition of 622:and the last two edits by Hallenrm? 79:. We neither have a section called 3751:1) You remove sourced information. 2818:. However, the image is currently 2562: 1773: 1449: 1446: 1443: 24: 2811:Image:Players handbook 2nd ed.jpg 2663:contribution. Please explain. 482:Wow, that was a great expansion! 174: 99:List of publications in chemistry 97:I have reverted your deletion on 93:List of publications in chemistry 3837: 3744:After looking at the history of 3654: 3198:RFC: Country data in Nobel lists 3177:RFC: Country data in Nobel lists 3175:Thanks for participating in the 2995:OpenBabel: expert system or not? 2803: 2098: 1094:? Thanks for the chuckle. :-) -- 862: 809: 3545:User:Karlhahn/ethanol2006-12-08 3299: 3292: 2238:interests of the experimenter). 2094:I've located this diagram from 3613:Perhaps you should explain to 3188:04:37, 30 September 2007 (UTC) 3164:06:01, 14 September 2007 (UTC) 2729:Please take your arguments to 2460: 2436: 2331: 2185: 828:Thanks for letting me know. -- 487:23:02, 21 September 2006 (UTC) 477:22:05, 21 September 2006 (UTC) 461:23:17, 19 September 2006 (UTC) 446:08:29, 14 September 2006 (UTC) 132:Henderson-Hasselbalch equation 33:Hi, I see you added a note to 1: 4480:10:45, 21 December 2007 (UTC) 4457:08:03, 13 December 2007 (UTC) 4443:01:57, 13 December 2007 (UTC) 4424:23:02, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4405:20:11, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4390:17:14, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4376:17:08, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4361:16:04, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4340:11:53, 13 December 2007 (UTC) 4321:10:25, 13 December 2007 (UTC) 4305:09:15, 13 December 2007 (UTC) 4284:22:40, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4257:Occur in inorganic compounds. 4231:10:51, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4197:10:09, 12 December 2007 (UTC) 4138:08:41, 11 December 2007 (UTC) 4103:07:57, 11 December 2007 (UTC) 4080:07:16, 11 December 2007 (UTC) 4056:07:14, 11 December 2007 (UTC) 4029:21:22, 10 December 2007 (UTC) 4002:12:29, 10 December 2007 (UTC) 3955:21:02, 10 December 2007 (UTC) 3904:11:30, 10 December 2007 (UTC) 3882:19:47, 21 November 2007 (UTC) 3818:19:09, 21 November 2007 (UTC) 3800:20:31, 19 November 2007 (UTC) 3781:18:52, 19 November 2007 (UTC) 3739:18:42, 19 November 2007 (UTC) 3701:18:56, 17 November 2007 (UTC) 3642:15:05, 15 November 2007 (UTC) 3597:10:08, 13 November 2007 (UTC) 3583:09:39, 13 November 2007 (UTC) 3563:16:28, 12 November 2007 (UTC) 3476:Octahedral molecular geometry 3386:19:27, 29 October 2007 (UTC) 3147:09:46, 6 September 2007 (UTC) 3055:09:33, 6 September 2007 (UTC) 3044:09:26, 6 September 2007 (UTC) 2828:our policy for non-free media 760:, your friendly neighborhood 659:10:11, 16 February 2007 (UTC) 618:Could you have a look at the 592:21:12, 28 December 2006 (UTC) 583:20:42, 28 December 2006 (UTC) 574:20:33, 28 December 2006 (UTC) 563:18:14, 28 December 2006 (UTC) 548:18:51, 12 December 2006 (UTC) 533:07:49, 10 November 2006 (UTC) 134:article. Most informative. - 3894:Thanks for the correction.-- 3540:17:08, 9 November 2007 (UTC) 3491:17:41, 7 November 2007 (UTC) 3465:16:21, 7 November 2007 (UTC) 3449:10:11, 7 November 2007 (UTC) 3439:17:49, 6 November 2007 (UTC) 3422:02:59, 3 November 2007 (UTC) 3391:19:27, 29 October 2007 (UTC) 3348:17:16, 1 November 2007 (UTC) 3330:08:45, 24 October 2007 (UTC) 3317:14:18, 23 October 2007 (UTC) 3307:14:09, 23 October 2007 (UTC) 3279:15:00, 18 October 2007 (UTC) 3259:14:43, 18 October 2007 (UTC) 3241:08:21, 18 October 2007 (UTC) 3222:19:02, 10 October 2007 (UTC) 3205:14:55, 10 October 2007 (UTC) 2843:criteria for speedy deletion 1117:Thanks for all your help on 845:From the left, of course!:-) 789:User:James.Spudeman's edits. 774:I've detailed my reasons in 645:09:34, 19 January 2007 (UTC) 120:22:39, 6 February 2006 (UTC) 110:22:15, 6 February 2006 (UTC) 3530:chime in on these debates. 3026:17:14, 18 August 2007 (UTC) 2744:Energy (chemistry) redirect 2582:18:06, 11 June 2007 (UTC) 1358: 650:Missing topics in chemistry 613:23:16, 2 January 2007 (UTC) 519:21:57, 8 October 2006 (UTC) 505:20:58, 6 October 2006 (UTC) 407:13:36, 13 August 2006 (UTC) 400:the SuggestBot request page 342:Probability interpretations 261:Law of multiple proportions 4495: 3786:You may see the report at 3455:"R" in structural formulas 1928:Xe and SF6 mixing in lungs 1918:n+1 lg N for 1 mole of B. 1556:at equilibrium composition 1197:Contradictory definitions 1135:18:21, 29 April 2007 (UTC) 1099:18:26, 24 April 2007 (UTC) 1068:17:48, 23 April 2007 (UTC) 1047:17:27, 23 April 2007 (UTC) 1026:12:37, 16 April 2007 (UTC) 973:12:30, 16 April 2007 (UTC) 959:12:27, 16 April 2007 (UTC) 946:X-center, Y-electron bonds 938:06:27, 18 April 2007 (UTC) 928:21:02, 17 April 2007 (UTC) 905:01:40, 14 April 2007 (UTC) 833:19:19, 15 March 2007 (UTC) 820:16:08, 15 March 2007 (UTC) 783:12:31, 15 March 2007 (UTC) 769:11:10, 15 March 2007 (UTC) 740:00:26, 13 March 2007 (UTC) 690:12:33, 12 March 2007 (UTC) 682:intermolecular interaction 467:Beta-methylamino L-alanine 427:"las dos patitas de atras" 395:, SuggestBot's caretaker. 177: 88:17:20, 13 April 2007 (UTC) 71:. Other languages such as 4044:Chemistry of the Elements 3975:Chemistry of the Elements 3973:; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). 3588:It is wrong, or at least 3210:your comments are invited 3008:19:00, 12 July 2007 (UTC) 2987:01:48, 13 July 2007 (UTC) 2970:08:06, 12 July 2007 (UTC) 2959:01:52, 12 July 2007 (UTC) 2926:10:36, 11 July 2007 (UTC) 2912:09:39, 11 July 2007 (UTC) 2888:09:20, 11 July 2007 (UTC) 2873:09:15, 11 July 2007 (UTC) 2850:21:50, 10 July 2007 (UTC) 2793:12:15, 28 June 2007 (UTC) 2782:16:57, 27 June 2007 (UTC) 2764:08:03, 20 June 2007 (UTC) 2754:04:11, 20 June 2007 (UTC) 2738:12:05, 14 June 2007 (UTC) 2724:11:57, 14 June 2007 (UTC) 2713:11:48, 14 June 2007 (UTC) 2683:11:38, 14 June 2007 (UTC) 2668:11:38, 14 June 2007 (UTC) 2653:21:50, 11 June 2007 (UTC) 2617:14:29, 13 June 2007 (UTC) 2602:14:21, 13 June 2007 (UTC) 2508:12:22, 25 June 2007 (UTC) 2497:11:46, 25 June 2007 (UTC) 2407:18:47, 23 June 2007 (UTC) 2378:18:44, 22 June 2007 (UTC) 2306:11:16, 22 June 2007 (UTC) 2295:09:46, 22 June 2007 (UTC) 2281:14:25, 21 June 2007 (UTC) 2268:11:06, 20 June 2007 (UTC) 2219:20:06, 19 June 2007 (UTC) 2143:09:07, 17 June 2007 (UTC) 2119:18:17, 16 June 2007 (UTC) 1361: 1170:talk:chemical equilibrium 1150:user talk:petergans/draft 1040:Category:Chemical bonding 868: 850:21:25, 6 April 2007 (UTC) 293:Gas-liquid chromatography 281: 160:04:10, 23 June 2006 (UTC) 3619:Nobel Prize in Economics 3608:Nobel Prize in Economics 3484:Talk:Hexamethyl tungsten 3017:It is currently under a 2571:{\displaystyle \Delta G} 2550:06:58, 5 June 2007 (UTC) 2534:10:18, 1 June 2007 (UTC) 2524:21:06, 31 May 2007 (UTC) 2096:Curtin-Hammett principle 2089:07:13, 5 June 2007 (UTC) 2078:16:44, 28 May 2007 (UTC) 2065:and NH: been calculated 2023:07:05, 5 June 2007 (UTC) 2013:13:01, 28 May 2007 (UTC) 1998:11:02, 24 May 2007 (UTC) 1982:08:01, 24 May 2007 (UTC) 1950:21:25, 14 May 2007 (UTC) 1923:08:01, 24 May 2007 (UTC) 1860:19:24, 23 May 2007 (UTC) 1806:17:23, 23 May 2007 (UTC) 1792:14:15, 23 May 2007 (UTC) 1739:12:37, 22 May 2007 (UTC) 1729:10:08, 22 May 2007 (UTC) 1712:06:47, 18 May 2007 (UTC) 1700:21:02, 17 May 2007 (UTC) 1577:_______________________ 987:coordinate covalent bond 869:The Chemistry Bond Star 735:. I hope this helps? -- 729:supramolecular chemistry 697:supermolecular chemistry 603:Molecular orbital theory 416:I left a message at the 306:Deposition (meteorology) 143:19:03, 18 May 2006 (UTC) 4431:WP:No original research 3767:I am reporting this to 3685:Did you know? talk page 3576:computational chemistry 3533:Sincerely, Robert Young 2595:Heat and Thermodynamics 2035:Haber process#catalysts 1975:history of the molecule 1818:Here is my derivation. 1779:{\displaystyle \Delta } 1200:______________________ 1176:09:19, 7 May 2007 (UTC) 952:Template:Chemical bonds 316:List of stable isotopes 4346:Group (periodic table) 3856:Don't worry, it's not 3569:Mathematical chemistry 3013:Spells in Harry potter 2999:Please comment on the 2934:Fair use and galleries 2572: 2467: 2443: 2388: 2363: 2192: 2059: 2058:{\displaystyle \cdot } 1880: 1780: 1758: 1672: 1647: 1550:where represents the 1541: 1409: 1347: 1218: 1183:user:petergans/sandbox 788: 543:backwards in my head. 389:SuggestBot's talk page 4462:Review of NAD article 3979:Butterworth-Heinemann 3971:Greenwood, Norman N. 2878:Maybe I extrapolated 2808:Thanks for uploading 2573: 2468: 2444: 2387: 2364: 2193: 2060: 2029:Ammonia and catalysis 1967:alchemical principles 1961:User talk:Sadi Carnot 1881: 1781: 1759: 1673: 1627: 1542: 1410: 1348: 1219: 876:Timeline of chemistry 360:Orbital hybridisation 221:Pinacol rearrangement 211:Rate-determining step 126:Henderson-Hasselbalch 3679:Mercury(IV) fluoride 3194:Country data defined 3023:Therequiembellishere 2942:you put two D&D 2559: 2466:{\displaystyle \to } 2457: 2442:{\displaystyle \to } 2433: 2315: 2191:{\displaystyle \to } 2182: 2049: 2004:Polyurethane diagram 1870: 1770: 1748: 1722:equilibrium constant 1594: 1560:molar concentrations 1427: 1369: 1235: 1208: 1154:equilibrium constant 1146:Chemical equilibrium 678:non-covalent bonding 670:non-covalent bonding 664:Non-covalent bonding 500:Good idea:) Thanks! 334:Reducing environment 115:No problem, thanks. 63:one to say that the 3402:Link redacted, per 3001:Openbabel talk page 2897:caesium perchlorate 2824:You may add it back 2658:The Anomeric Effect 1955:Chemical principles 1011:noncovalent bonding 733:noncovalent bonding 493:Note in History of 365:Pesticide poisoning 236:Ammonium persulfate 49:Portuguese-speaking 3480:Hexamethyltungsten 3470:Hexamethyltungsten 3265:Air-free technique 2978:Nice additions! — 2568: 2490:Law of Mass Action 2463: 2439: 2389: 2359: 2188: 2168:carbonic anhydrase 2055: 1963: 1876: 1776: 1754: 1687:solubility product 1668: 1537: 1405: 1343: 1214: 1158:stability constant 1140:Stability constant 713:non-covalent bonds 530:Gary van der Merwe 196:Plum pudding model 186:Physical chemistry 67:is also spoken in 47:, as you can see: 3987:978-0-08-037941-8 3896:Environnement2100 3890:Methane chemistry 3887: 3886: 3691: 3690: 2944:Player's Handbook 2816:claim of fair use 2514:Entropy of mixing 1991:Heat and affinity 1958: 1851:Since . Putting T 1564:partial pressures 1554:of the species A 1552:chemical activity 1535: 1454: 1418: 1417: 1341: 1266: 1160:. I have written 902: 896: 886: 885: 553:3-center-4e thing 444: 377: 376: 288:Inert pair effect 4486: 3991: 3841: 3834: 3806:talk:millisecond 3658: 3651: 3627:user's talk page 3537: 3407: 3400: 3305: 3303: 3296: 2835:my contributions 2807: 2644: 2639: 2577: 2575: 2574: 2569: 2472: 2470: 2469: 2464: 2448: 2446: 2445: 2440: 2368: 2366: 2365: 2360: 2346: 2345: 2330: 2329: 2197: 2195: 2194: 2189: 2102: 2064: 2062: 2061: 2056: 1973:, or perhaps to 1971:chemical element 1941: 1936: 1885: 1883: 1882: 1877: 1785: 1783: 1782: 1777: 1763: 1761: 1760: 1755: 1677: 1675: 1674: 1669: 1667: 1666: 1657: 1656: 1646: 1641: 1546: 1544: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1527: 1515: 1514: 1509: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1489: 1477: 1476: 1471: 1458: 1456: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1440: 1435: 1414: 1412: 1411: 1406: 1359: 1352: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1342: 1340: 1339: 1338: 1323: 1322: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1289: 1288: 1272: 1267: 1265: 1264: 1255: 1254: 1245: 1223: 1221: 1220: 1215: 926: 900: 894: 874:For helping get 866: 859: 858: 818: 813: 767: 705:Friedrich Wohler 636: 631: 510:Visible spectrum 495:Water (molecule) 434: 241:Pseudomonadaceae 175: 77:Guaraní-speaking 61:Catalan-speaking 57:Catalan-speaking 53:Spanish-speaking 4494: 4493: 4489: 4488: 4487: 4485: 4484: 4483: 4464: 4449:Plasmic Physics 4416:Plasmic Physics 4348: 4313:Plasmic Physics 4276:Plasmic Physics 4189:Plasmic Physics 4186: 4161: 4126:partial charges 4095:Plasmic Physics 4069: 4042:. And read the 4040:oxidation state 4021:Plasmic Physics 4018: 4014: 4010: 3988: 3969: 3962: 3947:222.153.150.124 3944: 3940: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3922:Now, take the N 3911: 3892: 3832: 3711: 3649: 3611: 3572: 3547: 3535: 3498: 3472: 3457: 3431: 3419:Masterpiece2000 3415: 3410: 3401: 3397: 3362: 3286: 3268: 3229: 3212: 3173: 3156: 3033: 3019:deletion review 3015: 2997: 2936: 2859: 2801: 2774: 2746: 2675: 2660: 2642: 2637: 2629: 2557: 2556: 2516: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2431: 2430: 2428: 2419: 2415: 2372: 2337: 2321: 2313: 2312: 2289: 2205: 2201: 2180: 2179: 2177: 2173: 2155: 2112: 2108: 2047: 2046: 2045: 2041: 2031: 2006: 1957: 1939: 1934: 1930: 1916: 1912: 1909:Assuming that T 1904: 1897: 1889: 1868: 1867: 1854: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1832: 1825: 1768: 1767: 1746: 1745: 1658: 1648: 1592: 1591: 1573: 1569: 1517: 1516: 1499: 1498: 1497: 1479: 1478: 1461: 1460: 1459: 1425: 1424: 1367: 1366: 1330: 1314: 1307: 1296: 1280: 1273: 1256: 1246: 1233: 1232: 1206: 1205: 1152:and to replace 1142: 1115: 948: 911: 857: 843: 814: 805:User:J.Spudeman 791: 755: 748: 701:Jean-Marie Lehn 666: 652: 634: 629: 624: 606: 555: 540: 526: 524:Circulene image 512: 498: 470: 453: 414: 412:Re:La Cucaracha 391:. Thanks from 271:Oxidizing agent 216:Dihydrogen bond 206:Benzimidazoline 201:Cyclopentadiene 167: 154: 128: 95: 81:Basque-speaking 29: 22: 21: 20: 12: 11: 5: 4492: 4490: 4463: 4460: 4393: 4392: 4378: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4342: 4311:argumentation? 4308: 4307: 4291: 4290: 4289: 4288: 4287: 4286: 4266: 4265: 4264: 4263: 4262: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4244: 4243: 4242: 4241: 4240: 4239: 4238: 4237: 4236: 4235: 4234: 4233: 4208: 4207: 4206: 4205: 4204: 4203: 4202: 4201: 4200: 4199: 4184: 4172: 4171: 4170: 4169: 4168: 4167: 4166: 4165: 4164: 4163: 4159: 4147: 4146: 4145: 4144: 4143: 4142: 4141: 4140: 4110: 4109: 4108: 4107: 4106: 4105: 4085: 4084: 4083: 4082: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4059: 4058: 4032: 4031: 4016: 4012: 4008: 3986: 3961: 3958: 3942: 3938: 3931: 3927: 3923: 3910: 3907: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3854:your userpage. 3842: 3831: 3824: 3823: 3822: 3821: 3820: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3710: 3704: 3689: 3688: 3659: 3648: 3645: 3615:User:NYScholar 3610: 3601: 3600: 3599: 3571: 3566: 3546: 3543: 3497: 3494: 3478:? The page on 3471: 3468: 3456: 3453: 3452: 3451: 3430: 3425: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3408: 3394: 3361: 3356: 3355: 3354: 3353: 3352: 3351: 3350: 3335: 3334: 3333: 3332: 3320: 3319: 3285: 3282: 3267: 3262: 3244: 3243: 3228: 3225: 3211: 3208: 3172: 3167: 3155: 3150: 3140: 3139: 3134: 3129: 3123: 3122: 3115: 3114: 3109: 3104: 3098: 3097: 3090: 3089: 3084: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3058: 3057: 3050:categories. -- 3032: 3029: 3014: 3011: 2996: 2993: 2992: 2991: 2990: 2989: 2973: 2972: 2935: 2932: 2931: 2930: 2929: 2928: 2915: 2914: 2891: 2890: 2858: 2853: 2847:BetacommandBot 2800: 2797: 2796: 2795: 2773: 2768: 2767: 2766: 2745: 2742: 2741: 2740: 2716: 2715: 2674: 2671: 2659: 2656: 2628: 2621: 2620: 2619: 2609:mixing paradox 2567: 2564: 2553: 2552: 2515: 2512: 2511: 2510: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2462: 2450: 2438: 2426: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2409: 2393: 2392: 2370: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2333: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2309: 2308: 2287: 2273: 2272: 2271: 2270: 2252: 2245: 2239: 2233:Curtin-Hammett 2222: 2221: 2203: 2199: 2187: 2175: 2171: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2146: 2145: 2110: 2106: 2092: 2091: 2054: 2043: 2039: 2030: 2027: 2026: 2025: 2005: 2002: 2001: 2000: 1956: 1953: 1929: 1926: 1914: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1890: 1887: 1875: 1863: 1862: 1852: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1834: 1830: 1827: 1823: 1816: 1815: 1811: 1810: 1809: 1808: 1795: 1794: 1775: 1753: 1732: 1731: 1717: 1716: 1715: 1714: 1679: 1678: 1665: 1661: 1655: 1651: 1645: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1571: 1567: 1548: 1547: 1531: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1513: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1493: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1475: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1439: 1432: 1416: 1415: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1363: 1362: 1354: 1353: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1326: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1310: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1276: 1270: 1263: 1259: 1253: 1249: 1243: 1240: 1226: 1225: 1213: 1186: 1185: 1141: 1138: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1101: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1070: 1054: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1031: 1030: 1029: 1028: 1019:quintuple bond 1015:quadruple bond 976: 975: 947: 944: 943: 942: 941: 940: 884: 883: 878:promoted as a 871: 870: 867: 856: 853: 842: 839: 838: 837: 836: 835: 823: 822: 800: 799: 790: 787: 786: 785: 747: 744: 743: 742: 709:covalent bonds 665: 662: 651: 648: 623: 616: 605: 600: 599: 598: 597: 596: 595: 594: 554: 551: 539: 536: 525: 522: 511: 508: 497: 491: 490: 489: 469: 464: 452: 449: 413: 410: 375: 374: 373: 372: 367: 362: 357: 354: 349: 344: 339: 336: 331: 326: 321: 318: 313: 308: 303: 300: 298:Cumene process 295: 290: 285: 280: 279: 278: 273: 268: 263: 258: 253: 248: 243: 238: 233: 231:Petrochemistry 228: 223: 218: 213: 208: 203: 198: 193: 188: 183: 181: 166: 163: 153: 146: 127: 124: 123: 122: 94: 91: 85:Onofre Bouvila 28: 27:Ibero-American 25: 23: 18:User talk:Itub 15: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4491: 4482: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4469: 4461: 4459: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4445: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4407: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4365: 4364: 4363: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4345: 4341: 4337: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4324: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4293: 4292: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4272: 4271: 4270: 4269: 4268: 4267: 4259: 4256: 4253: 4252: 4251: 4250: 4249: 4248: 4247: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4217: 4216: 4215: 4214: 4213: 4212: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4182: 4181: 4180: 4179: 4178: 4177: 4176: 4175: 4174: 4173: 4157: 4156: 4155: 4154: 4153: 4152: 4151: 4150: 4149: 4148: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4122: 4118: 4117: 4116: 4115: 4114: 4113: 4112: 4111: 4104: 4100: 4096: 4091: 4090: 4089: 4088: 4087: 4086: 4081: 4077: 4073: 4065: 4064: 4063: 4062: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4036: 4035: 4034: 4033: 4030: 4026: 4022: 4006: 4005: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3995: 3989: 3984: 3980: 3976: 3972: 3967: 3959: 3957: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3935: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3908: 3906: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3889: 3883: 3879: 3875: 3874:Master Redyva 3871: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3840: 3836: 3835: 3829: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3802: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3785: 3784: 3783: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3743: 3742: 3741: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3709: 3705: 3703: 3702: 3699: 3696: 3686: 3682: 3681: 3680: 3674: 3673: 3672:Did you know? 3668: 3664: 3660: 3657: 3653: 3652: 3646: 3644: 3643: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3609: 3605: 3604:Template:Lame 3602: 3598: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3586: 3585: 3584: 3581: 3577: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3564: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3544: 3542: 3541: 3538: 3531: 3527: 3524: 3523: 3519: 3516: 3515: 3511: 3510: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3495: 3493: 3492: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3477: 3469: 3467: 3466: 3463: 3454: 3450: 3447: 3443: 3442: 3441: 3440: 3437: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3423: 3420: 3412: 3405: 3399: 3396: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3385: 3380: 3378: 3374: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3357: 3349: 3346: 3341: 3340: 3339: 3338: 3337: 3336: 3331: 3328: 3324: 3323: 3322: 3321: 3318: 3315: 3311: 3310: 3309: 3308: 3304: 3302: 3297: 3295: 3283: 3281: 3280: 3277: 3271: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3255: 3250: 3242: 3239: 3235: 3231: 3230: 3226: 3224: 3223: 3220: 3216: 3209: 3207: 3206: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3190: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3178: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3165: 3162: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3148: 3145: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3121: 3117: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3108: 3105: 3103: 3100: 3099: 3096: 3092: 3091: 3088: 3085: 3083: 3080: 3078: 3075: 3074: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3062: 3061: 3056: 3053: 3048: 3047: 3046: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3037:User:Chem-awb 3030: 3028: 3027: 3024: 3020: 3012: 3010: 3009: 3006: 3002: 2994: 2988: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2976: 2975: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2963: 2962: 2961: 2960: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2933: 2927: 2924: 2919: 2918: 2917: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2893: 2892: 2889: 2886: 2881: 2877: 2876: 2875: 2874: 2871: 2866: 2862: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2851: 2848: 2845:. Thank you. 2844: 2840: 2836: 2831: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2812: 2806: 2798: 2794: 2791: 2786: 2785: 2784: 2783: 2780: 2772: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2755: 2752: 2743: 2739: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2727: 2726: 2725: 2722: 2714: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2686: 2685: 2684: 2681: 2672: 2670: 2669: 2666: 2657: 2655: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2640: 2634: 2633:science-based 2626: 2622: 2618: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2605: 2604: 2603: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2583: 2581: 2565: 2551: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2537: 2536: 2535: 2532: 2526: 2525: 2522: 2513: 2509: 2506: 2501: 2500: 2499: 2498: 2495: 2491: 2486: 2423: 2422:Haber process 2408: 2405: 2395: 2394: 2386: 2382: 2381: 2380: 2379: 2376: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2307: 2304: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2296: 2293: 2283: 2282: 2279: 2269: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2240: 2236:C or B -: --> 2234: 2227: 2226: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2169: 2165: 2162: 2158: 2151: 2150: 2149: 2144: 2141: 2137: 2134: 2131: 2126: 2123: 2122: 2121: 2120: 2117: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2090: 2087: 2082: 2081: 2080: 2079: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2052: 2036: 2028: 2024: 2021: 2017: 2016: 2015: 2014: 2011: 2003: 1999: 1996: 1992: 1987: 1986: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1962: 1954: 1952: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1937: 1927: 1925: 1924: 1921: 1900: 1893: 1892: 1865: 1864: 1861: 1858: 1850: 1835: 1828: 1821: 1820: 1819: 1813: 1812: 1807: 1804: 1799: 1798: 1797: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1743: 1742: 1741: 1740: 1737: 1730: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1718: 1713: 1710: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1703: 1702: 1701: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1688: 1682: 1663: 1659: 1653: 1649: 1643: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1590: 1589: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1578: 1575: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1529: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1511: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1491: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1473: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1437: 1430: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1365: 1364: 1360: 1357: 1335: 1327: 1319: 1311: 1301: 1293: 1285: 1277: 1268: 1261: 1257: 1251: 1247: 1241: 1238: 1231: 1230: 1229: 1203: 1202: 1201: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1184: 1180: 1179: 1178: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1139: 1137: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1128: 1125: 1120: 1112: 1100: 1097: 1093: 1092: 1087: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1061: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1056: 1055: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1027: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1003:metallic bond 1000: 999:covalent bond 996: 992: 991:hydrogen bond 988: 984: 980: 979: 978: 977: 974: 971: 967: 963: 962: 961: 960: 957: 953: 945: 939: 936: 932: 931: 929: 925: 923: 922: 917: 916: 914:Wim van Dorst 910:Fully agree! 909: 908: 907: 906: 903: 897: 891: 881: 880:featured list 877: 873: 872: 865: 860: 854: 852: 851: 848: 840: 834: 831: 827: 826: 825: 824: 821: 817: 812: 806: 802: 801: 796: 795: 794: 784: 781: 777: 773: 772: 771: 770: 765: 764: 759: 753: 745: 741: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 718: 717:covalent bond 714: 710: 706: 702: 698: 694: 693: 692: 691: 688: 683: 679: 675: 671: 663: 661: 660: 657: 649: 647: 646: 643: 640: 637: 632: 621: 617: 615: 614: 611: 604: 601: 593: 590: 586: 585: 584: 581: 577: 576: 575: 572: 567: 566: 565: 564: 561: 552: 550: 549: 546: 537: 535: 534: 531: 523: 521: 520: 517: 509: 507: 506: 503: 496: 492: 488: 485: 481: 480: 479: 478: 475: 468: 465: 463: 462: 459: 450: 448: 447: 442: 438: 433: 428: 423: 419: 411: 409: 408: 405: 401: 396: 394: 390: 386: 381: 371: 370:Haber process 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 355: 353: 350: 348: 345: 343: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 324:Atomic theory 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 301: 299: 296: 294: 291: 289: 286: 283: 282: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 247: 246:Deprotonation 244: 242: 239: 237: 234: 232: 229: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 192: 189: 187: 184: 182: 179: 178: 176: 173: 171: 164: 162: 161: 158: 151: 147: 145: 144: 141: 137: 133: 125: 121: 118: 114: 113: 112: 111: 108: 104: 100: 92: 90: 89: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 45:Ibero-America 41: 39: 36: 35:Ibero-America 26: 19: 4465: 4446: 4427: 4411: 4408: 4394: 4349: 4309: 4245: 4121:hypothetical 4120: 4043: 3974: 3965: 3963: 3936: 3921: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3893: 3845: 3826:You've been 3766: 3727:talk:1 E-3 s 3715:Talk:1 E-3 s 3712: 3708:Talk:1 E-3 s 3692: 3677: 3676: 3670: 3612: 3573: 3548: 3532: 3528: 3525: 3520: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3499: 3473: 3458: 3432: 3416: 3404:WP:BLACKLIST 3398: 3388:David Mestel 3384:David Mestel 3381: 3366: 3363: 3300: 3293: 3287: 3272: 3269: 3253: 3245: 3213: 3193: 3191: 3180: 3174: 3157: 3141: 3120:category:yyy 3095:category:xxx 3070:category:yyy 3066:category:xxx 3059: 3034: 3031:Need a hand? 3016: 2998: 2980:Alan De Smet 2952:Alan De Smet 2943: 2937: 2867: 2863: 2860: 2838: 2832: 2809: 2802: 2775: 2747: 2717: 2688:Please read 2676: 2661: 2632: 2630: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2584: 2554: 2541: 2527: 2517: 2487: 2411: 2310: 2284: 2274: 2256: 2211: 2207: 2147: 2129: 2104: 2093: 2070: 2066: 2032: 2010:P Cottontail 2007: 1964: 1931: 1908: 1817: 1733: 1695: 1691: 1683: 1680: 1586: 1583: 1579: 1576: 1555: 1549: 1419: 1355: 1227: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1166:my home page 1143: 1122: 1116: 1091:Pauli effect 1089: 1007:peptide bond 949: 920: 915: 912: 887: 844: 841:Peeling eggs 816:J O R D A N 792: 776:Talk:Halogen 763:MessedRocker 761: 749: 712: 708: 673: 667: 653: 625: 607: 556: 541: 538:Mexican Peso 527: 513: 499: 471: 454: 426: 418:La Cucaracha 415: 397: 384: 383:If you have 382: 378: 168: 155: 149: 136:SocratesJedi 129: 96: 42: 32: 30: 4472:Tim Vickers 3977:(2nd ed.). 3945:molecule.-- 3844:Hey there! 3663:17 November 3621:article in 3284:Sadi Carnot 3276:Rifleman 82 3183:? 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