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472:) unsuccessfully tried to capture Dejima. After the creation of the Kingdom of The Netherlands (1815) the trade with Japan came under the administration of the Minister of the Colonies by way of the Governor General in Batavia. The directors of the trade (Opperhoofd) became colonial civil servants. From 1855 the director of the trade with Japan,
476:, became 'Dutch Commissioner in Japan' with orders to conclude a treaty with Japan. He succeeded in 1855 to conclude a convention, changed into a treaty in January 1856. In 1857 he concluded a commercial paragraph in addition to the treaty of 1856, thus concluding the first western treaty of friendship and commerce with Japan. His successor,
496:
Hirado is a small island just off the western shore of the
Japanese island of Kyūshū. In the early 17th century, Hirado was a major center of foreign trade and included British, Chinese, and other trading stations along with the Dutch one, maintained and operated by the Dutch East India Company (VOC)
1524:
Catalog of "400th
Anniversary Exhibition Regarding Relations between Japan and the Netherlands," a joint project of the Edo-Tokyo Museum, the City of Nagasaki, the National Museum of Ethnology, the National Natuurhistorisch Museum" and the National Herbarium of the Netherlands in Leiden, the
462:). The VOC traders had to be careful not to import anything religious; and they were not allowed to bring any women, nor to bury their dead ashore. They were largely free to do as they pleased on the island; but they were explicitly ordered to work on Sunday.
563:
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harbor. The island had been built for the
Portuguese, but they had been forced to abandon it and all contacts with Japan. Only the Dutch were permitted to remain after all other Westerners had been excluded.
468:
In 1799 the VOC went bankrupt. The trade with Japan was continued by the Dutch Indian government at
Batavia, with an interruption during the English occupation of Java, during which the English (
1480:
Jan
Compagnie in Japan, 1600–1850: An Essay on the Cultural, Artistic, and Scientific Influence Exercised by the Hollanders in Japan from the Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Centuries.
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to carry out colonial activities in Asia. The VOC enjoyed unique success in Japan, in part because of the ways in which the character and other qualities of its
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unencyclopedic; excessive italicization; inclusion of badly defined list; chaotic syntax; haphazardly added images; too many foreign-language terms—re: title.
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A Very Unique
Collection of Historical Significance: The Kapitan (the Dutch Chief) Collection from the Edo Period—The Dutch Fascination with Japan.
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was Dutch Consul
General in Japan, though still a colonial civil servant. In 1862 the Dutch representation in Japan was transferred to the
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Illustrations of Japan; consisting of
Private Memoirs and Anecdotes of the reigning dynasty of The Djogouns, or Sovereigns of Japan.
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An imagined bird's-eye view of Dejima's layout and structures. Note the island's fan-shape. Japanese wood-block print made in 1780.
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The Dutch presence in Japan was closely monitored and controlled. For example, each year the VOC had to transfer the
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in the bay of
Nagasaki. This island was a Dutch trading post during Japan's period of maritime restrictions (海禁,
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Isaac
Titsingh (1745–1812): Een passie voor Japan, leven en werk van de grondlegger van de Europese Japanologie.
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Map of the bay of Hirado in 1621. Dutch East India Company trading post (Netherlands flag) on the upper right.
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Camfferman, Kees; Terry E. Cooke (2001). "Dutch accounting in Japan 1609–1850: isolation or observation?".
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For nearly 200 years a series of VOC traders lived, worked and seemed to thrive in this confined location.
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in the sense of trading post, as led by a factor, i.e. agent. The Japanese called the Dutch chief factors
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2015:
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400:. Permission for establishing this permanent facility was granted in 1609 by the first Tokugawa-shōgun
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VOC in Japan: Betrekkingen tussen Hollanders en Japanners in de Edo-periode, tussen 1602–1795
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The Court Journey to the Shogun of Japan: From a Private Account by Jan Cock Blomhoff.
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after 1609. The serial leaders of this VOC trading enclave or factory at Hirado were:
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Mémoires et Anecdotes sur la Dynastie régnante des Djogouns, Souverains du Japon.
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Pieter Albert Bik, main Dutch chief in Japan, 1842–1845, by Johann Peter Berghaus
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had to transfer all of its mercantile operations to the small man-made island of
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Kornicki, Peter F. "European Japanology at the End of the Seventeenth Century,"
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322:) which literally means 'supreme head'. In its historical usage, the word is a
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Johan Fredrik van Rheede tot de Parkeler: 22 November 1785 – 20 November 1786
404:; but the right to make use of this convenient location was revoked in 1639.
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View circa 1699 of VOC compound at Hirado island, on the west coast of Kyūshū
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1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent
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1899:
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Johan Frederik van Rheede tot de Parkeler: 1 December 1787 – 1 August 1789
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Bulletin of School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
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2005:
1938:
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The Company and the Shogun: The Dutch Encounters with Tokugawa Japan.
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439:
427:
413:
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639:
Pieter Anthonijszoon Overtwater: 24 November 1644 – 30 November 1645
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Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822.
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Jan Willem Frederik van Citters: 1 November 1830 – 30 November 1834
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1977:
1727:
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603:, 1641–1853) during the Edo period. The serial leaders of this
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Gerardus Bernardus Visscher: 13 October 1737 – 21 October 1739
458:
was expected to travel to Edo to offer tribute to the shogun (
131:
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A True Description of the Mighty Kingdoms of Japan & Siam
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1987:
1737:
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A True Description of the Mighty Kingdoms of Japan and Siam.
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The Deshima Dagregisters: Their Original Tables of Content.
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Johannes Erdewin Niemann: 1 December 1834 – 17 November 1838
1020:
Herman Christiaan Kastens: 1 November 1766 – 20 October 1767
792:
Constantin Ranst de Jonge: 5 November 1686 – 25 October 1687
783:
Constantin Ranst de Jonge: 8 November 1683 – 28 October 1684
347:
The Dutch East India Company was established in 1602 by the
1140:
Joseph Henrij Levijssohn: 1 November 1845 – 31 October 1850
1083:
Hendrik Caspar Romberg: 21 November 1786 – 30 November 1787
882:
Christiaen van Vrijbergh: 24 October 1717 – 13 October 1718
864:
Nicolaas Joan van Hoorn: 10 November 1710 – 31 October 1711
3424:. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.
975:
Abraham van Suchtelen: 25 December 1750 – 18 November 1751
930:
Bernardus Coop à Groen: 4 November 1735 – 24 October 1736
810:
Hendrick van Buijtenhem: 29 October 1692 – 19 October 1693
804:
Hendrick van Buijtenhem: 21 October 1690 – 9 November 1691
795:
Hendrick van Buijtenhem: 25 October 1687 – 13 October 1688
663:
Anthony van Brouckhorst: 5 November 1649 – 25 October 1650
1143:
Frederik Cornelis Rose: 1 November 1850 – 31 October 1852
1119:
Johan Willem de Sturler: 20 November 1823 – 5 August 1826
957:
Jacob van der Waeijen: 2 November 1744 – 28 December 1745
873:
Nicolaas Joan van Hoorn: 27 October 1714 -19 October 1715
786:
Hendrick van Buijtenhem: 25 October 1684 – 7 October 1685
1089:
Hendrik Casper Romberg: 1 August 1789 – 13 November 1790
1077:
Hendrik Caspar Romberg: 0 November 84 – 21 November 1785
1014:
Fredrik Willem Wineke: 25 October 1764 – 7 November 1765
1008:
Fredrik Willem Wineke: 3 December 1762 – 6 November 1763
951:
Jacob van der Waeijen: 17 October 1742 – 9 November 1743
945:
Jacob van der Waeijen: 9 November 1740 – 28 October 1741
822:
Cornelis van Outhoorn: 27 October 1695 – 15 October 1696
807:
Cornelis van Outhoorn: 9 November 1691 – 29 October 1692
798:
Cornelis van Outhoorn: 13 October 1688 – 1 November 1689
669:
Adriaen van der Burgh: 1 November 1651 – 3 November 1652
1053:
Arend Willem Feith: 12 November 1777 – 28 November 1779
1038:
Arend Willem Feith: 23 November 1773 – 10 November 1774
999:
Johannes Reijnouts: 12 November 1758 – 11 November 1760
933:
Jan van der Cruijsse: 24 October 1736 – 13 October 1737
1122:
Germain Felix Meijlan: 4 August 1826 – 1 November 1830
1062:
Arend Willem Feith: 6 November 1780 – 23 November 1781
1044:
Arend Willem Feith: 28 October 1775 – 22 November 1776
1032:
Arend Willem Feith: 10 November 1771 – 3 November 1772
978:
Hendrik van Homoed: 19 November 1751 – 5 December 1752
972:
Hendrik van Homoed: 8 December 1749 – 24 December 1750
861:
Hermanus Menssingh: 22 October 1709 – 10 November 1710
858:
Jasper van Mansdale: 2 November 1708 – 22 October 1709
696:
Johannes Bouchelion: 4 November 1659 – 26 October 1660
693:
Zacharias Wagenaer : 22 October 1658 – 4 November 1659
690:
Johannes Bouchelion: 27 October 1657 – 23 October 1658
488:
becoming Consul General and Political Agent in Japan.
4526:
in 1975, Curaçao and Dependencies was renamed to the
1041:
Daniel Armenault : 11 November 1774 – 28 October 1775
1035:
Daniel Armenault : 4 November 1772 – 22 November 1773
1005:
Johannes Reijnouts: 31 October 1761 – 2 December 1762
1002:
Marten Huijshoorn: 12 November 1760 – 30 October 1761
996:
Herbert Vermeulen: 1 November 1757 – 11 November 1758
984:
Hendrik van Homoed: 16 October 1753 – 3 November 1754
921:
Hendrik van de Bel: 7 November 1732 – 27 October 1733
918:
Pieter Boockestijn: 31 October 1730 – 7 November 1732
912:
Pieter Boockestijn: 22 October 1728 – 12 October 1729
906:
Pieter Boockestijn: 15 October 1726 – 3 November 1727
855:
Hermanus Menssingh: 15 October 1707 – 2 November 1708
852:
Ferdinand de Groot: 26 October 1706 – 15 October 1707
849:
Ferdinand de Groot: 18 October 1704 – 6 November 1705
843:
Ferdinand de Groot: 9 November 1702 – 30 October 1703
666:
Pieter Sterthemius: 25 October 1650 – 3 November 1651
1631:
At the bottom you will also find an image of Deshima
1029:
Daniel Armenault: 17 November 1770 – 9 November 1771
990:
Herbert Vermeulen: 25 October 1755 – 12 October 1756
966:
Jan Louis de Win: 28 October 1747 – 11 November 1748
960:
Jan Louis de Win: 30 December 1745 – 2 November 1746
915:
Abraham Minnedonk: 12 October 1729 – 31 October 1730
909:
Abraham Minnedonk: 3 November 1727 – 20 October 1728
765:
Albert Breevinck: 24 October 1679 – 11 November 1680
753:
Johannes Camphuys: 7 November 1675 – 27 October 1676
747:
Johannes Camphuys: 29 October 1673 – 19 October 1674
699:
Hendrick Indijck: 26 October 1660 – 21 November 1661
672:
Frederick Coyett: 4 November 1652 – 10 November 1653
541:
Maerten Wesselingh (or Hendrick Hagenaer), 1635–1637
532:
Pieter van Sante, 31 January 1633 – 6 September 1633
4493:
4472:
4456:
4440:
4424:
4393:
4345:
4262:
4191:
4110:
4057:
4031:
4005:
3944:
3928:
870:
Cornelis Lardijn: 7 November 1713 – 27 October 1714
867:
Cornelis Lardijn: 31 October 1711 – 7 November 1713
801:
Balthasar Sweers: 1 November 1689 – 21 October 1690
774:
Hendrick Canzius: 31 October 1681 – 20 October 1682
759:
Albert Breevinck: 16 October 1677 – 4 November 1678
744:
Martinus Caesar: 13 November 1672 – 29 October 1673
735:
Martinus Caesar: 2 November 1670 – 12 November 1671
705:
Hendrick Indijck: 6 November 1662 – 20 October 1663
569:
and a Balinese servant in Dejima, Japanese painting
162:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1137:Pieter Albert Bik: November 1842 – 31 October 1845
1065:Isaac Titsingh: 24 November 1781 – 26 October 1783
948:Thomas van Rhee: 29 October 1741 – 17 October 1742
927:David Drinckman: 16 October 1734 – 4 November 1735
924:Rogier de Laver: 27 October 1733 – 16 October 1734
903:Joan de Hartogh: 25 October 1725 – 15 October 1726
840:Abraham Douglas: 21 October 1701 – 30 October 1702
837:Hendrik Dijkman: 31 October 1700 – 21 October 1701
831:Hendrik Dijkman: 23 October 1698 – 12 October 1699
825:Hendrik Dijkman: 15 October 1696 – 3 November 1697
819:Hendrik Dijkman: 7 November 1694 – 27 October 1695
750:Martinus Caesar: 20 October 1674 – 7 November 1675
702:Dirck van Lier: 11 November 1661 – 6 November 1662
681:Joan Boucheljon: 23 October 1655 – 1 November 1656
678:Leonard Winninx: 31 October 1654 – 23 October 1655
675:Gabriel Happart: 4 November 1653 – 31 October 1654
636:Jan van Elseracq: 1 August 1643 – 24 November 1644
517:Leonardt Camps, 29 October 1621 – 21 November 1623
1110:Hendrik Doeff: 14 November 1803 – 6 December 1817
1107:Willem Wardenaar: 16 July 1800 – 14 November 1803
1026:Olphert Elias: 9 November 1769 – 16 November 1770
894:Hendrik Durven: 9 November 1721 – 18 October 1723
876:Gideon Boudaen: 19 October 1715 – 3 November 1716
789:Andreas Cleyer: 17 October 1685 – 5 November 1686
714:Willem Volger: 28 October 1665: – 27 October 1666
355:were perceived to differ from other competitors.
1074:Isaac Titsingh: _ August 1784 – 30 November 1784
969:Jacob Baelde: 12 November 1748 – 8 December 1749
954:David Brouwer: 5 November 1743 – 1 November 1744
834:Pieter de Vos: 21 October 1699 – 31 October 1700
828:Pieter de Vos: 3 November 1697 – 23 October 1698
762:Dirck de Haas: 4 November 1678 – 24 October 1679
756:Dirck de Haze: 27 October 1676 – 16 October 1677
708:Willem Volger: 20 October 1663 – 7 November 1664
3861:Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia
3851:Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago
1098:Gijsbert Hemmij: 13 November 1792 – 8 July 1798
993:David Boelen: 13 October 1756 – 31 October 1757
987:David Boelen: 4 November 1754 – 25 October 1755
981:David Boelen: 6 December 1752 – 15 October 1753
963:Jacob Baelde: 3 November 1746 – 25 October 1747
711:Jacob Gruijs: 7 November 1664 – 27 October 1665
660:Dircq Snoecq: 9 December 1648 – 5 November 1649
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
885:Joan Aouwer: 13 October 1718 – 21 October 1720
879:Joan Aouwer: 3 November 1716 – 24 October 1717
846:Gideon Tant: 30 October 1703 – 18 October 1704
726:Daniel Six : 25 October 1668 – 14 October 1669
586:
529:Cornelis van Nijenrode, 1631 – 31 January 1633
514:Jacques Specx, 6 August 1614 – 29 October 1621
392:trading outpost in Japan was on the island of
3887:
1701:
1520:Edo-Tokyo Museum exhibition catalog. (2000).
717:Daniel Six: 18 October 1666 – 6 November 1667
607:trading enclave or "factory" at Dejima were:
544:Nicolaes Couckebacker, 1637 – 3 February 1639
484:. This change was effected in Japan in 1863,
330:, for the chief executive officer of a Dutch
8:
1580:Accounting, Business & Financial History
1023:Jan Crans: 21 October 1767 – 8 November 1769
1017:Jan Crans: 8 November 1765 – 31 October 1766
1011:Jan Crans: 7 November 1763 – 24 October 1764
302:Company") in Japan during the period of the
4570:Foreign relations of the Tokugawa shogunate
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
4390:
4375:
4342:
4327:
4188:
4173:
3925:
3910:
3894:
3880:
3872:
3558:
3437:
3179:
2690:
2395:
1974:
1724:
1708:
1694:
1686:
1673:
430:("closed door" policy) was ordered by the
4530:, which was eventually dissolved in 2010.
1473:The Deshima Diaries Marginalia 1740–1800.
240:Learn how and when to remove this message
222:Learn how and when to remove this message
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1616:Original list of opperhoofden (in Dutch)
417:
379:
362:
251:
27:Heads of the Dutch trading post in Japan
3846:Portuguese colonization of the Americas
1178:
1333:"Diary of Pieter Anthonisz Overtwater"
1301:"Diary of Pieter Anthonisz Overtwater"
1621:Dejima: The Island Comes Back to Life
1605:- Published online on 18 October 2010
1167:The Thousand Autumns of Jacob de Zoet
1149:: 2 November 1852 – 28 February 1860
1095:: 13 November 1790 – 13 November 1792
1050:: 23 November 1776 – 11 November 1777
614:: 14 February 1641 – 30 October 1641
7:
2368:) and small temporary coastal bases.
1116:: 6 December 1817 – 20 November 1823
1059:: 29 November 1779 – 5 November 1780
816:: 19 October 1693: – 7 November 1694
771:: 11 November 1680 – 31 October 1681
741:: 22 October 1671 – 12 November 1672
645:: 30 November 1645 – 27 October 1646
550:, 3 February 1639 – 13 February 1641
505:, 20 September 1609 – 28 August 1612
160:adding citations to reliable sources
4518:of the Kingdom of the Netherlands;
942:: 22 October 1739 – 8 November 1740
900:: 18 October 1723 – 25 October 1725
891:: 21 October 1720 – 9 November 1721
780:: 20 October 1682 – 8 November 1683
732:: 14 October 1669 – 2 November 1670
723:: 6 November 1667 – 25 October 1668
687:: 1 November 1656 – 27 October 1657
657:: 3 November 1647 – 9 December 1648
651:: 28 October 1646 – 10 October 1647
627:: 1 November 1641 – 29 October 1642
4178:Colonies and trading posts of the
3915:Colonies and trading posts of the
3836:Evolution of the Portuguese Empire
1317:"Diary of Pieter Jan van Elseracq"
1134:: 18 November 1838 – November 1842
25:
2260:São João Baptista de Ajudá, Benin
1071:: 27 October 1783 – _ August 1784
633:: 29 October 1642 – 1 August 1643
371:(British flag) on the upper left.
349:States-General of the Netherlands
326:title, comparable to the English
285:Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie
45:This article has multiple issues.
4565:Dutch chiefs of factory in Japan
3841:Portuguese colonial architecture
3442:North America and North Atlantic
2306:Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
1964:
1207:"Diary of Nicolaes Couckebacker"
1191:"Diary of Nicolaes Couckebacker"
511:, 28 August 1612 – 6 August 1614
136:
75:
34:
4239:Sint Eustatius and Dependencies
3831:Armorial of Portuguese colonies
1421:Vol. 56, No. 3 (1993). pp. 510.
1269:"Diary of Maximiliaen Le Maire"
558:List of chief traders at Dejima
492:List of chief traders at Hirado
147:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
631:Pieter Anthoniszoon Overtwater
1:
2861:Portuguese Paliacate outpost
1243:, Charles Ralph, ed. (1935).
1147:Janus Henricus Donker Curtius
474:Janus Henricus Donker Curtius
3603:Captaincy Colonies of Brazil
3396: • 1938–1941
3373: • 1890–1999
3363: • 1851–1999
3353: • 1864–1999
3253: • 1578–1650
3240: • 1576–1605
3227: • 1522–1575
3152: • 1779–1954
3129: • 1687–1749
3066: • 1598–1610
3056: • 1579–1632
3032: • 1568–1659
3022: • 1559–1961
3009: • 1548–1658
2999: • 1540–1612
2986: • 1536–1662
2973: • 1535–1739
2950: • 1534–1661
2940: • 1534–1601
2930: • 1531–1571
2920: • 1531–1571
2904: • 1528–1666
2894: • 1523–1662
2870: • 1521–1740
2857: • 1518–1619
2824: • 1510–1961
2811: • 1507–1657
2798: • 1502–1661
2776: • 1502–1658
2762: • 1501–1663
2749: • 1500–1663
1502:de Winter, Michiel. (2006).
1255:; retrieved 1 February 2013.
1209:; retrieved 1 February 2013.
1193:; retrieved 1 February 2013.
1185:Historigraphical Institute (
1104:: 8 July 1798 – 17 July 1800
620:"new" chief trader at Dejima
486:Dirk de Graeff van Polsbroek
482:Ministry for Foreign Affairs
171:"VOC chief traders in Japan"
3563:South America and Caribbean
1548:Siebold, P.F.B. v. (1897).
1365:"Diary of Willem Verstegen"
1285:"Diary of Jan van Elseracq"
95:. The specific problem is:
4586:
4382:Kingdom of the Netherlands
3711:Nova Colónia do Sacramento
2790:(Coulão / Kollam)
1861:Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué
1610:Sources and external links
1381:"Diary of Frederick Coyet"
1349:"Diary of Renier van Tzum"
411:
269:VOC chief traders in Japan
91:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s
4509:
4389:
4374:
4341:
4326:
4298:
4187:
4172:
3924:
3909:
3826:
3568:
3557:
3447:
3436:
3189:
3178:
2912:(Porto Grande De Bengala)
2700:
2689:
2405:
2394:
1984:
1973:
1962:
1734:
1723:
1683:
1678:Links to related articles
1538:Vol. 13 (1923). Den Haag.
1253:"Diary of François Caron"
1048:Hendrik Godfried Duurkoop
721:Constantin Ranst de Jonge
587:
538:, 6 September 1633 – 1635
523:, 21 November 1623 – 1631
256:The "trade pass" (Dutch:
18:VOC Opperhoofden in Japan
4480:Curaçao and Dependencies
4214:Curaçao and Dependencies
4192:Colonies in the Americas
4180:Dutch West India Company
3917:Dutch East India Company
1659:32.743525°N 129.873022°E
1541:Screech, Timon. (2006).
1515:Herinneringen uit Japan.
1189:), University of Tokyo,
318:is a Dutch word (plural
281:Dutch East India Company
260:) issued in the name of
4263:Trading posts in Africa
3997:Northeast coast of Java
3742:Grão-Pará and Rio Negro
3661: • 1621–1815
3648: • 1578–1607
3635: • 1572–1578
3622: • 1572–1578
3609: • 1549–1572
3596: • 1534–1549
2963: • 1535
2835: • 1512–1525
2503:Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)
1536:Nederland's Patriciaat,
1449:Blomhoff, J.C. (2000).
1397:"Diary of Dircq Snoecq"
1232:17 January 2005 at the
1093:Petrus Theodorus Chassé
3732:Grão-Pará and Maranhão
3156:Dadra and Nagar Haveli
1636:WorldStatesmen – Japan
1069:Hendrik Caspar Romberg
578:
570:
521:Cornelis van Nijenrode
423:
385:
372:
265:
4516:constituent countries
4049:West coast of Sumatra
3903:Dutch colonial empire
3422:invasion by Indonesia
3184:East Asia and Oceania
2356:São Tomé and Príncipe
2129:Portuguese Mozambique
2086:Portuguese Gold Coast
1664:32.743525; 129.873022
1562:Titsingh, I. (1822).
1555:Titsingh, I. (1820).
1399:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1383:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1367:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1351:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1335:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1319:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1303:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1287:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
1271:; retrieved 2013-2-1.
576:
565:
536:Nicolaes Couckebacker
460:Dutch missions to Edo
421:
383:
366:
255:
4528:Netherlands Antilles
1478:Boxer. C.R. (1950).
612:Maximiliaen Le Maire
526:Pieter Stamper, 1631
306:, also known as the
298:, literally "United
156:improve this article
102:improve this article
4334:Noordsche Compagnie
4332:Settlements of the
4310:Society of Suriname
4156:Vietnam (1637–1643)
3929:Governorate General
2075:(São Jorge da Mina)
1926:São João da Mamora
1768:(El Qsar es Seghir)
1655: /
1552:Würzburg e Leipzig.
1528:Leguin, F. (2002).
1525:Netherlands. Tokyo.
1492:Clulow, A. (2014).
434:; and by 1641, the
426:In 1638, the harsh
4304:Society of Berbice
3788:Portuguese Guiana
3752:Maranhão and Piauí
3400:Lapa and Montanha
3211:Portuguese Malacca
3097:Portuguese Ceylon
3051:(Portuguese India)
2889:(Portuguese India)
2520: •
1979:Sub-Saharan Africa
1513:Doeff, H. (1633).
1485:Caron, F. (1671).
1102:Leopold Willem Ras
685:Zacharias Wagenaer
579:
571:
432:Tokugawa shogunate
424:
386:
373:
369:East India Company
304:Tokugawa shogunate
266:
4552:
4551:
4546:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4538:
4537:
4524:full independence
4464:Dutch East Indies
4370:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4322:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4168:
4167:
4164:
4163:
3869:
3868:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3757:
3756:
3716:
3715:
3683:
3682:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3546:
3538:
3537:
3492:
3491:
3432:
3431:
3415:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3390:Portuguese Macau
3382:
3381:
3335:
3334:
3305:
3304:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3146:Portuguese India
3138:
3137:
3123:Portuguese India
3115:
3114:
3078:
3077:
3041:
3040:
2879:
2878:
2733:
2732:
2723:Laccadive Islands
2685:
2684:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2569:
2568:
2390:
2389:
2380:Portuguese Angola
2373:Portuguese Guinea
2349:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2327:Portuguese Guinea
2311:
2310:
2277:
2276:
2232:
2231:
2202:Portuguese Angola
2101:
2100:
2096:Mascarene Islands
1960:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1843:
1842:
1811:1487–16th century
1717:Portuguese Empire
1593:10.1080/713757323
1460:eds. (1995–2001)
1437:Kornicki, p. 507.
1132:Eduard Grandisson
1114:Jan Cock Blomhoff
769:Isaac van Schinne
739:Johannes Camphuys
616:Le Maire was the
595:artificial island
593:was a fan-shaped
408:Dejima, 1639–1860
396:off the coast of
376:Hirado, 1609–1639
340:(from Portuguese
250:
249:
242:
232:
231:
224:
206:
130:
129:
122:
93:quality standards
84:This article may
68:
16:(Redirected from
4577:
4531:
4391:
4380:Colonies of the
4376:
4343:
4328:
4308:Governed by the
4302:Governed by the
4189:
4174:
3926:
3911:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3873:
3856:Portuguese India
3804:
3791:
3778:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3666:
3653:
3640:
3627:
3614:
3601:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3572:
3559:
3513:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3451:
3438:
3403:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3350:
3349:
3346:Portuguese Macau
3343:
3331:
3330:
3322:Portuguese Timor
3314:
3313:
3311:
3258:
3245:
3232:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3193:
3180:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3126:
3125:
3121:
3100:
3080:
3079:
3073:
3045:
3044:
3016:
2993:
2980:
2957:
2913:
2883:
2882:
2864:
2850:
2839:
2818:
2805:
2804:(Cochin de Cima)
2791:
2780:
2769:
2756:
2746:
2745:
2742:Portuguese India
2739:
2727:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2704:
2691:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2525:
2453:
2430:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2409:
2396:
2337:Portuguese Congo
2320:
2319:
2317:
2296:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2273:
2243:
2242:
2240:
2227:
2215:
2162:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2076:
2063:
2041:
2029:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1988:
1975:
1968:
1942:
1929:
1916:
1903:
1890:
1889:(Souira Guedima)
1877:
1864:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1828:
1805:
1782:
1769:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1738:
1725:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1687:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1626:A map of Deshima
1604:
1501:
1438:
1435:
1422:
1415:
1400:
1390:
1384:
1374:
1368:
1358:
1352:
1342:
1336:
1326:
1320:
1310:
1304:
1294:
1288:
1278:
1272:
1262:
1256:
1238:
1227:Caron chronology
1216:
1210:
1200:
1194:
1187:Shiryō hensan-jo
1183:
898:Johannes Thedens
730:François de Haze
655:Frederick Coyett
649:Willem Verstegen
625:Jan van Elseracq
592:
590:
589:
509:Hendrick Brouwer
478:Jan Karel de Wit
470:Stamford Raffles
245:
238:
227:
220:
216:
213:
207:
205:
164:
140:
132:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
4585:
4584:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4548:
4547:
4534:
4513:
4505:
4489:
4468:
4452:
4436:
4420:
4385:
4362:
4337:
4314:
4294:
4258:
4183:
4160:
4106:
4053:
4027:
4001:
3940:
3920:
3905:
3900:
3870:
3865:
3818:
3817:
3802:
3789:
3776:
3761:
3718:
3687:
3664:
3651:
3638:
3625:
3612:
3599:
3576:
3564:
3549:
3548:
3511:
3496:
3455:
3443:
3428:
3427:
3416:
3401:
3389:
3384:
3344:
3339:
3324:
3320:
3307:
3256:
3243:
3230:
3197:
3185:
3170:
3169:
3145:
3140:
3122:
3117:
3098:
3072:(Machilipatnam)
3071:
3014:
2991:
2978:
2955:
2944:Salsette Island
2915:
2911:
2910:
2862:
2852:
2848:
2847:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2816:
2803:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2767:
2754:
2740:
2735:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2708:
2696:
2681:
2680:
2573:
2515:
2451:
2428:
2413:
2401:
2386:
2385:
2382:from the 1920s.
2350:
2313:
2294:
2279:
2269:
2236:
2225:
2211:
2160:
2105:
2074:
2061:
2037:
2025:
1992:
1980:
1969:
1956:
1955:
1940:
1927:
1914:
1901:
1888:
1875:
1862:
1847:
1826:
1803:
1780:
1767:
1766:Alcácer Ceguer
1742:
1730:
1719:
1714:
1679:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1612:
1576:
1573:
1571:Further reading
1499:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1425:
1416:
1403:
1391:
1387:
1375:
1371:
1359:
1355:
1343:
1339:
1327:
1323:
1311:
1307:
1295:
1291:
1279:
1275:
1263:
1259:
1236:
1234:Wayback Machine
1217:
1213:
1201:
1197:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1162:– Dutch studies
1156:
940:Thomas van Rhee
889:Roeloff Diodati
814:Gerrit de Heere
643:Renier van Tzum
584:
560:
553:
494:
416:
410:
378:
361:
262:Tokugawa Ieyasu
246:
235:
234:
233:
228:
217:
211:
208:
165:
163:
153:
141:
126:
115:
109:
106:
99:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4583:
4581:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4557:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4536:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4510:
4507:
4506:
4504:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4466:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4434:
4428:
4426:
4422:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4397:
4395:
4387:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4355:
4349:
4347:
4339:
4338:
4331:
4324:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4306:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4266:
4264:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4254:Virgin Islands
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4229:New Netherland
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4193:
4185:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4117:
4115:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4063:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4009:
4007:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3932:
3930:
3922:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3899:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3876:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3814:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3785:
3781:
3780:
3772:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3714:
3713:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3642:Rio de Janeiro
3636:
3632:
3631:
3623:
3619:
3618:
3610:
3606:
3605:
3597:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3555:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3516:
3515:
3512:(Newfoundland)
3507:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3480:
3476:
3475:
3466:
3449:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3417:
3413:
3412:
3406:
3405:
3397:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3318:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3293:
3292:
3287:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3263:
3262:
3254:
3250:
3249:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3228:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3183:
3176:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3153:
3136:
3135:
3130:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3076:
3075:
3067:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3049:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3018:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2996:
2995:
2987:
2983:
2982:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2960:
2959:
2951:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2844:
2842:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2799:
2795:
2794:
2785:
2783:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2750:
2731:
2730:
2721:
2719:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2649:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2429:(Bandar Abbas)
2424:
2407:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2399:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2359:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2329:
2324:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2290:
2275:
2274:
2267:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2057:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1971:
1970:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1866:
1858:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1830:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1736:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1606:
1587:(3): 369–382.
1572:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1533:
1526:
1518:
1511:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1476:
1465:
1454:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1423:
1401:
1385:
1369:
1353:
1337:
1321:
1305:
1289:
1273:
1257:
1211:
1195:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1163:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:Isaac Titsingh
1054:
1051:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
907:
904:
901:
895:
892:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:Andreas Cleyer
775:
772:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
736:
733:
727:
724:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
652:
646:
640:
637:
634:
628:
622:
559:
556:
552:
551:
548:François Caron
545:
542:
539:
533:
530:
527:
524:
518:
515:
512:
506:
499:
493:
490:
412:Main article:
409:
406:
377:
374:
360:
357:
248:
247:
230:
229:
144:
142:
135:
128:
127:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4582:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4512:
4511:
4508:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4465:
4462:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4439:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4423:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4383:
4377:
4373:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4340:
4335:
4329:
4325:
4311:
4307:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4297:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4280:Loango-Angola
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4267:
4265:
4261:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4181:
4175:
4171:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4109:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4060:
4056:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4030:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4004:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3957:Banda Islands
3955:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3947:
3943:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3918:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3897:
3892:
3890:
3885:
3883:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3825:
3812:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3792:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3685:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3567:
3560:
3556:
3543:
3540:
3534:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3514:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3453:
3452:
3446:
3439:
3435:
3423:
3419:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3248:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3188:
3181:
3177:
3164:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3101:
3095:
3092:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3074:
3070:Masulipatnam
3068:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3026:Daman and Diu
3024:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3015:(Thoothukudi)
3011:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2992:(Kodungallur)
2988:
2985:
2984:
2981:
2979:(Vasai-Virar)
2975:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2843:
2833:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2784:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2728:
2726:(Lakshadweep)
2720:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2699:
2692:
2688:
2675:
2668:
2667:Bandar-e Kong
2665:
2662:
2661:
2658:
2657:Dibba Al-Hisn
2655:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2411:
2410:
2404:
2397:
2393:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2234:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2060:Fernando Poo
2058:
2055:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1983:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1950:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1868:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1733:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1711:
1706:
1704:
1699:
1697:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1682:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1471:eds. (2004).
1470:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
621:
619:
613:
610:
609:
608:
606:
602:
601:
596:
583:
575:
568:
567:Hendrik Doeff
564:
557:
555:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
503:Jacques Specx
501:
500:
498:
491:
489:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
466:
463:
461:
457:
453:
448:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
420:
415:
407:
405:
403:
399:
395:
391:
382:
375:
370:
365:
359:Trading posts
358:
356:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
334:
329:
325:
324:gubernatorial
321:
317:
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273:chief traders
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173: –
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167:Find sources:
161:
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145:This article
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4032:Commandments
4006:Directorates
3945:Governorates
3810:
3763:19th century
3762:
3760:
3720:18th century
3719:
3717:
3689:17th century
3688:
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3578:16th century
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3498:16th century
3497:
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3457:15th century
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3386:20th century
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3341:19th century
3340:
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3309:17th century
3308:
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3199:16th century
3198:
3196:
3162:
3142:18th century
3141:
3139:
3119:17th century
3118:
3116:
2817:(Nagapatnam)
2737:16th century
2736:
2734:
2710:15th century
2709:
2707:
2673:
2575:17th century
2574:
2572:
2544:Tarut Island
2415:16th century
2414:
2412:
2400:Middle East
2366:Anosy Region
2343:
2315:19th century
2314:
2312:
2281:18th century
2280:
2278:
2238:17th century
2237:
2235:
2139:Saint Helena
2107:16th century
2106:
2104:
1994:15th century
1993:
1991:
1948:
1849:16th century
1848:
1846:
1744:15th century
1743:
1741:
1729:North Africa
1640:
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1221:opperhoofden
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353:Opperhoofden
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328:chief factor
320:opperhoofden
319:
313:
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293:old-spelling
288:
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277:opperhoofden
276:
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166:
154:Please help
149:verification
146:
116:
107:
100:Please help
96:
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
4384:(1815–1975)
4358:Smeerenburg
4346:Settlements
4336:(1614–1642)
4290:Slave Coast
4182:(1621–1792)
4114:settlements
4072:Banjarmasin
4059:Residencies
3962:Cape Colony
3919:(1602–1798)
3801:Upper Peru
3775:Cisplatina
3533:Nova Scotia
3510:Terra Nova
3099:(Sri Lanka)
2990:Cranganore
2849:(Kozhikode)
2802:Pallipuram
2587:Khor Fakkan
2540:1521?–1551?
2364:A factory (
1902:(El Jadida)
1876:(Essaouira)
1804:(El Jadida)
1662: /
1650:129°52′23″E
1517:Amsterdam.
1467:Blussé, L.
1456:Blussé, L.
1247:. p. lxii;
1237:(in German)
452:opperhoofd.
300:East Indian
110:August 2019
104:if you can.
4559:Categories
4501:New Guinea
4494:Until 1962
4473:Until 1954
4457:Until 1949
4448:Gold Coast
4441:Until 1872
4425:Until 1853
4406:Coromandel
4394:Until 1825
4285:Senegambia
4275:Gold Coast
4112:Opperhoofd
3977:Coromandel
3529:1516–1579?
3519:1500–1579?
3506:1500–1579?
3377:Ilha Verde
3327:East Timor
3013:Tuticorin
2909:Chittagong
2815:Negapatam
2766:Cannanore
2695:South Asia
2530:1521–1529?
2499:1515–1633?
2375:from 1879.
2358:from 1753.
2250:Ziguinchor
2182:Madagascar
2016:Cape Verde
1915:(Azemmour)
1647:32°44′37″N
1500:(in Dutch)
1453:Amsterdam.
1223:chronology
1174:References
456:opperhoofd
388:The first
315:Opperhoofd
308:Edo period
258:handelspas
182:newspapers
50:improve it
4353:Jan Mayen
4224:Essequibo
4136:Mauritius
4102:Pontianak
4092:Palembang
3803:(Bolivia)
3784:1809–1817
3777:(Uruguay)
3771:1808–1822
3748:1772–1775
3738:1772–1775
3728:1751–1772
3707:1680–1777
3697:1621–1751
3674:1536–1620
3586:1500–1822
3402:(Hengqin)
3317:1642–1975
3296:1580–1586
3286:1557–1999
3280:Larantuka
3276:1515–1859
3266:1512–1665
3217:1512–1621
3207:1511–1641
3106:1558–1573
3093:1518–1658
3083:1518–1521
3036:Mangalore
2863:(Pulicat)
2781:1659–1661
2718:1498–1545
2653:1624–1648
2603:1621–1622
2560:1588–1648
2550:1550–1551
2509:1521–1602
2479:1515–1650
2459:1515–1648
2446:1515–1622
2436:1507–1643
2423:1506–1615
2333:1885–1974
2323:1879–1974
2302:1753–1975
2295:(Mombasa)
2293:Mombassa
2289:1728–1729
2266:1687–1974
2256:1680–1961
2246:1645–1888
2226:(Mombasa)
2224:Mombassa
2220:1593–1698
2208:1588–1974
2198:1575–1975
2188:1557–1578
2178:1508–1547
2168:1506–1511
2155:1505–1512
2145:1503–1698
2135:1502–1659
2125:1501–1975
2115:1500–1630
2092:1498–1540
2082:1482–1642
2069:1482–1637
2056:1478–1778
2046:1474–1778
2034:1471–1975
2022:1470–1975
2012:1462–1975
2002:1455–1633
1935:1577–1589
1922:1515–1541
1909:1513–1541
1896:1506–1769
1883:1506–1525
1870:1506–1525
1857:1505–1541
1821:1488–1541
1798:1485–1550
1788:1471–1662
1775:1471–1550
1762:1458–1550
1752:1415–1640
1601:154446686
1496:New York.
1482:Den Haag.
279:) of the
271:were the
212:July 2024
56:talk page
4520:Suriname
4234:Pomeroon
4219:Demerara
4097:Preanger
4082:Cheribon
3992:Moluccas
3701:Maranhão
3678:Barbados
3523:Labrador
3300:Nagasaki
3270:Makassar
3133:Mylapore
3110:Maldives
3087:Maldives
2956:(Mumbai)
2898:Mylapore
2768:(Kannur)
2518:Muharraq
2378:Part of
2371:Part of
2361:Or 1600.
2354:Part of
2149:Zanzibar
2039:Príncipe
2027:São Tomé
1941:(Asilah)
1928:(Mehdya)
1900:Mazagan
1874:Mogador
1863:(Agadir)
1838:Graciosa
1802:Mazagan
1781:(Asilah)
1230:Archived
1154:See also
444:Nagasaki
86:require
4522:gained
4514:Became
4485:Surinam
4416:Suratte
4411:Malacca
4244:Surinam
4209:Cayenne
4199:Berbice
4121:Myanmar
4077:Batavia
4044:Malabar
4023:Suratte
3987:Malacca
3982:Formosa
3967:Celebes
3936:Batavia
3790:(Amapá)
3471:Madeira
3357:Coloane
3234:Ternate
2977:Baçaím
2967:Ponnani
2954:Bombay
2846:Calicut
2755:(Kochi)
2753:Cochim
2663:1624?–?
2627:Libedia
2593:1621?–?
2513:Bahrain
2489:1515?–?
2463:Quriyat
2452:(Ormus)
2450:Hormuz
2172:Socotra
2161:(Kilwa)
2159:Quíloa
2119:Malindi
2073:Elmina
2062:(Bioko)
2050:Annobón
1939:Arzila
1913:Azamor
1815:Ouadane
1792:Tangier
1779:Arzila
1566:London.
1550:Nippon.
1545:London.
1532:Leiden.
1489:London.
1469:et al.,
1464:Leiden.
1458:et al.,
1444:Sources
1219:Dejima
1160:Rangaku
342:capitão
338:kapitan
333:factory
196:scholar
88:cleanup
4432:Dejima
4401:Bengal
4270:Arguin
4249:Tobago
4204:Brazil
4151:Tonkin
4131:Dejima
4126:Canton
4087:Malang
4067:Bantam
4039:Bantam
4018:Persia
4013:Bengal
3972:Ceylon
3811:
3668:Brazil
3665:
3655:Brazil
3652:
3639:
3626:
3616:Brazil
3613:
3600:
3590:Brazil
3542:
3485:Azores
3410:
3260:Tidore
3257:
3244:
3231:
3221:Maluku
3163:
3048:
2886:
2838:
2787:Quilon
2779:
2674:
2643:1624–?
2633:1624–?
2623:1623–?
2617:Khasab
2613:1623–?
2597:As Sib
2583:1620–?
2564:Matrah
2522:Manama
2483:Muscat
2473:Qalhat
2469:1515–?
2427:Gamru
2344:
2271:Bissau
2213:Cacheu
2006:Arguim
1949:
1827:(Safi)
1825:Safim
1599:
1559:Paris.
1475:Tokyo.
1393:Shiryō
1377:Shiryō
1361:Shiryō
1345:Shiryō
1329:Shiryō
1313:Shiryō
1297:Shiryō
1281:Shiryō
1265:Shiryō
1249:Shiryō
1203:Shiryō
600:kaikin
582:Dejima
440:Dejima
428:Sakoku
414:Dejima
402:Ieyasu
398:Kyūshū
394:Hirado
198:
191:
184:
177:
169:
4146:Timor
3952:Ambon
3629:Bahia
3367:Taipa
3290:Macau
3247:Ambon
3060:Hugli
3003:Surat
2934:Chalé
2924:Chaul
2874:Chaul
2647:Madha
2637:Kalba
2607:Qeshm
2554:Qatif
2534:Qatif
2493:Barka
2440:Sohar
2192:Accra
1887:Aguz
1756:Ceuta
1597:S2CID
1241:Boxer
618:first
454:Each
296:Dutch
203:JSTOR
189:books
4141:Siam
3797:1822
3479:1432
3465:1420
2840:1750
1834:1489
175:news
2828:Goa
1589:doi
605:VOC
442:in
436:VOC
390:VOC
344:).
291:in
289:VOC
287:or
158:by
4561::
1595:.
1585:11
1583:.
1426:^
1404:^
1395:,
1379:,
1363:,
1347:,
1331:,
1315:,
1299:,
1283:,
1267:,
1251:,
1239:;
1225:;
1205:,
588:出島
310:.
59:.
3895:e
3888:t
3881:v
3329:)
3325:(
2524:)
2516:(
1709:e
1702:t
1695:v
1603:.
1591::
1508:"
1504:"
591:)
585:(
283:(
275:(
243:)
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225:)
219:(
214:)
210:(
200:·
193:·
186:·
179:·
152:.
123:)
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112:)
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66:)
62:(
20:)
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