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Sheffield built a simple three-wheel car, allowing him to commute 11 kilometres (7 mi) between home and work without having to walk. While so traveling one evening, he discovered a break in the track, and flagged down a night freight train, thus preventing a possible accident. The railroad rewarded his efforts by bankrolling his invention. George
Sheffield obtained the patent for his device in 1879, calling it a "velocipede hand car." Originally manufactured by G.S. Sheffield & Co. and later manufactured by
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designed to be operated by a single person, which came to be known as a "railway velocipede" or "railroad velocipede". The three-wheel hand-pump rail car's invention is credited to George S. Sheffield of Three Rivers, Michigan. Legend has it that because of inadequate train service to his home,
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During the 1870s advances in metallurgy led to the development of the first all-metal velocipedes. The pedals were still attached directly to the front wheel, which became larger and larger as makers realised that the larger the wheel, the farther you could travel with one rotation of the pedals.
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While young men were risking their necks on the high wheels, ladies and dignified gentlemen such as doctors and clergymen of the 1880s favoured the less risky tricycle. Many innovations for tricycles eventually found their way into the
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Among the early velocipedes there were designs with one, two, three, four, and even five wheels. Some two-wheeled designs had pedals mounted on the front wheel, while three- and four-wheeled designs sometimes used
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and the long spokes of the large front wheel provided a much smoother ride than its predecessor. This type of velocipede was the first one to be called a bicycle ("two wheel"), and its shape led to the nickname
538:. The boneshaker was copied by many others during that time. It fell out of favor after the summer of 1869 and was replaced in 1870 with the type of bicycle called "ordinary", "high-wheel", or "
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roads of the day made for an extremely uncomfortable ride. These velocipedes also became a fad, and indoor riding academies, similar to roller rinks, could be found in large cities. In 1891
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the velocipede, from 1857 to 1871. That French design was sometimes called the boneshaker, since it was also made entirely of wood, then later with metal tires. That in combination with the
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developed between 1817 and 1880. Velocide refers especially to the forerunner of the modern bicycle that was propelled, like a modern tricycle, by cranks, i.e.
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as 'the oldest velocipede manufacturer in France', having been founded in 1876 by M. Reynard, and awarded the 'Diploma of honour' at the
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311:(German for "running machine"), which he first rode on June 12, 1817. He obtained a patent in January 1818. This was the world's first
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bicycles that became popular later in the 19th century, boneshakers were front-wheel drive, but in comparison they had smaller
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during World War I. Those that do surface from time to time command high prices, typically up to about $ 5,000 US.
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It was almost 40 years until "velocipede" came into common usage as a generic term, with the launch of the first
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in the United
Kingdom. They enjoyed a great popularity among young men in the 1880s who could afford them.
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tanks that would wick oil from soaked lamb's wool into the bearings to help them run smoothly. Like the
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Digest of Cycles Or
Velocipedes with Attachments: Patented in the United States, from 1789 to 1892
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and quickly became popular in both the United
Kingdom and France, where it was sometimes called a
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The so-called "boneshaker" was invented in the 1860s in France and first manufactured by the
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988:. All Aboard, The Frisco Railroad Museum, September 1986 (accessed on CondrenRails.com)
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Boneshaker (or bone-shaker) is a name dating from the 1860s for the first type of true
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and absorbed some of the shocks from rough road surfaces. The boneshaker also had a
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Musée McCord Museum
Gallery "A Race on the Ice – Bicycles v. Skates"
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930:, Volume 78 (1897) pp. 395 &c., Government Printing Office, Washington D.C.
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for the French translation of his advertising leaflet for his version of the
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Velocipedes from an 1887 German encyclopedia. Among the examples shown are a
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The earliest usable and much-copied velocipede was created by the German
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with one or more wheels. The most common type of velocipede today is the
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19th century picture of a
Velocipede supposedly outrunning a horse
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Few original boneshakers exist today, most having been melted for
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Animation of a handcar, based on a patent by George S. Sheffield
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January 1891. Société Parisienne de
Construction Vélocipédique
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Last week. Mr. Braithwaite and another gentleman arrived at
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Sheffield velocipede at the
Princeton Railroad Museum in
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company from 1867 to 1869 , the time of the first
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ran in lubricated bronze bearings, and some had small
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The construction of the boneshaker was similar to the
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The
Michaux velocipede had a straight downtube and a
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Single-person railroad velocipede on display at the
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Official
Gazette of the United States Patent Office
872:. Chichester, England: Summersdale Publishing Ltd.
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67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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945:, Vol. 1, U.S. Patent Office, Washington D.C.
395:'La Société Parisienne de constructions Velo'
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725:on a railroad track. It is operated by hand.
955:"A Motor-Wheel for the Railroad Velocipede"
758:Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad
2012:Bicycle- and human-powered vehicle museums
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609:European "boneshaker" bicycle, circa 1868.
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
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900:(39). London: 702. September 30, 1843.
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707:Toronto Railway Historical Association
207:The term was probably first coined by
851:Tonton Velo, pour les velos anciens.
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983:"Museum Receives Major Acquisitions"
65:adding citations to reliable sources
672:often made use of a three-wheeled
643:Estonian Sports and Olympic Museum
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399:Exposition Universelle (1878)
839:Oxford Dictionary of English
743:Nevada State Railroad Museum
518:surrounded by tires made of
32:Velocipede (disambiguation)
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298:to drive the rear wheels.
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198:human-powered land vehicle
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27:Human-powered land vehicle
1060:. Retrieved 28 June 2010.
853:L'Industrie vélocipédique
565:tires and a framework of
489:in 1869 on his velocipede
387:L'Industrie Vélocipédique
376:company was the first to
1997:Animal-powered transport
912:Eastern Counties Railway
898:The Gardeners' Chronicle
721:3-wheeled velocipede or
424:rack and pinion steering
1872:Non-vehicular transport
1095:Human-powered transport
959:Popular Science Monthly
463:The American Velocipede
2022:Zero-emissions vehicle
1042:History of the bicycle
961:Vol. 89, No. 5, p. 742
939:James T. Allen (1892)
866:Hamilton, Ray (2013).
321:(German and English),
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659:Further information:
561:: wooden wheels with
434:, the forerunners to
221:, also now called a '
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1044:at Wikimedia Commons
801:U.S. Patent 382351A
797:(reissued as RE7972)
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
1960:Alpine touring skis
1770:Hand and foot power
1360:Cold-weather biking
1300:Small-wheel bicycle
1208:Glossary of cycling
1173:Cyclo-cross bicycle
1158:Cold-weather biking
1007:George S. Sheffield
806:(Lifetime, Expired)
573:that supported the
393:magazine described
2058:History of cycling
2043:1817 introductions
1965:Cross-country skis
1629:Litter/sedan chair
1193:Flat bar road bike
908:Shoreditch station
817:Outline of cycling
793: –
790:U.S. patent 59,915
756:Velocipede at the
407:Solid rubber tires
391:(Cycling Industry)
372:in the 1860s. The
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1218:Motorized bicycle
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894:"Provincial News"
879:978-0-85765-992-7
147:and a boneshaker.
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487:Thomas McCall
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78: –
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72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
1938:Snow and ice
1757:(fixed seat)
1660:Caster board
1593:Stairclimber
1553:Baggage cart
1532:Rowing cycle
1443:Kick scooter
1433:Balance bike
1355:Wheelie bike
1344:
1320:Trailer bike
1280:Road bicycle
1153:City bicycle
1028:
1002:
990:. Retrieved
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567:wrought iron
556:
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509:wrought-iron
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428:differential
416:
403:
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378:mass-produce
351:
344:
334:
330:
329:(French), a
326:
325:(French), a
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316:
308:Laufmaschine
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288:
238:
234:
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226:
218:Laufmaschine
216:
212:
206:
152:
150:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
76:"Velocipede"
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
2048:Cycle types
2017:Human power
1863:Ornithopter
1691:Street luge
1608:Wheelbarrow
1438:Dandy horse
1270:Quadracycle
1243:Singletrack
1111:Pedal power
992:January 20,
957:(Nov 1916)
623:spoon brake
587:lubrication
559:dandy horse
547:scrap metal
514:and wooden
436:drum brakes
432:band brakes
382:cobblestone
346:Hobby horse
336:dandy horse
331:swiftwalker
263:quadracycle
223:dandy horse
2037:Categories
1950:Ice skates
1879:Foot power
1858:Helicopter
1823:Amphibious
1800:Hydrocycle
1793:Foot power
1733:Hand power
1686:Billy cart
1665:Snakeboard
1655:Pogo stick
1573:Hand truck
1558:Bath chair
1525:Row action
1516:Wheelchair
1489:Hand power
1480:Skateboard
1470:Freeskates
1460:Brakeboard
1350:Velomobile
1345:Velocipede
1250:Party bike
1148:Cargo bike
1143:Boneshaker
1029:velocipede
823:References
803:VBLOGIPEDE
795:Velocipede
591:High Wheel
495:Boneshaker
465:, 1868, a
422:, such as
420:automobile
356:-equipped
327:vélocipède
323:draisienne
303:Karl Drais
233:'swift' +
213:vélocipède
153:velocipede
87:newspapers
1977:Snowshoes
1805:Hydrofoil
1696:Snowboard
1603:Toy wagon
1598:Stretcher
1501:Handcycle
1475:Longboard
1465:Freeboard
1364:ice cycle
906:from the
904:Brentwood
666:Railroads
243:monowheel
1945:Crampons
1846:Aircraft
1701:Toboggan
1455:Kicksled
1448:Kickbike
1330:Unicycle
1325:Tricycle
1295:Sociable
1285:Roadster
1238:Downhill
1138:BMX bike
811:See also
661:Draisine
368:and the
318:draisine
292:treadles
261:and the
259:tricycle
247:unicycle
2006:outline
2002:Cycling
1922:Walking
1910:Running
1674:Gravity
1622:Carried
1506:Hobcart
1496:Handcar
1389:Pedelec
1340:Velocar
1203:Go-kart
1188:Fatbike
1127:outline
1123:Bicycle
910:of the
783:Patents
741:at the
739:handcar
723:handcar
674:handcar
641:at the
532:Michaux
526:History
501:bicycle
374:Michaux
358:bicycle
343:) or a
341:dandies
285:History
255:dicycle
251:bicycle
202:bicycle
196:) is a
101:scholar
1903:skates
1891:skates
1810:Pedalo
1783:Rowing
1777:Rowing
1755:Rowing
1650:Trikke
1377:assist
1183:Enduro
876:
761:Museum
595:wheels
575:saddle
571:spring
553:Design
516:wheels
505:pedals
430:, and
426:, the
296:levers
271:chains
267:pedals
257:, the
253:, the
249:, the
245:, the
231:veloc-
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1745:Kayak
1740:Canoe
1725:Water
986:(PDF)
579:brake
512:frame
503:with
469:from
354:pedal
279:shaft
227:velox
108:JSTOR
94:books
1851:list
1761:Punt
1613:Sled
1563:Cart
1233:27.5
1118:29er
1103:Land
994:2021
874:ISBN
637:The
583:axle
563:iron
520:iron
333:, a
294:and
277:and
275:belt
273:and
239:ped-
80:news
1955:Ski
1839:Air
668:in
645:in
542:".
235:pes
63:by
2039::
966:^
896:.
831:^
522:.
438:.
364:,
237:,
229:,
204:.
186:iː
151:A
2008:)
2004:(
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192:/
189:d
183:p
180:ə
177:s
174:ɒ
171:l
168:ˈ
165:ə
162:v
159:/
155:(
130:)
124:(
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115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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