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377:; both are designed to provide large open spaces for star preachers to reach big congregations. These orders were controlled from the Italian mainland, and their original architecture mostly reflected broader Italian styles developed by each order elsewhere, and so represented a novelty in Venice. Both became home to numerous important wall tombs inside, which has probably prevented the interiors from having Baroque makeovers, as has happened elsewhere.
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349:. The most iconic Venetian Gothic structure, the Doge's Palace, is a luxuriously decorated building that includes traits of Gothic, Moorish, and Renaissance architectural styles. In the 14th century, following two fires that destroyed the previous structure, the palace was rebuilt in its present, recognizably Gothic form.
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were high (by medieval standards) rectangular boxes, with an ornamented facade, but very often plain on the other external elevations. Nor did they have space-wasting courtyards. Hence the basic shape suited 19th-century requirements very well, and the
Venetian-ness of the style appeared mainly in
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was another large room, centrally placed and usually T-shaped, received light from the windows and was the main space for dining and entertaining. To the rear an open staircase led to a small courtyard with a well-head and often a rear door to the street. In fact there are no true wells in Venice,
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Most palaces doubled as places of business, on the ground floor, and homes above. The ground floors, which even when built were probably rather prone to periodic flooding, have relatively few rooms, and a rather grand stairway leading to the residential upper floors, where ceilings are rather low by
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Unlike the palaces or houses of wealthy families in other
Italian cities, defence was not a major concern for Venetian palaces, which in any cases often had "moats" on some sides. The crowded city centre encouraged building high by the standards of the period, and the main access for light was often
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The Gothic Period arrived in Venice during a time of great affluence, when the upper class was funding the building of new churches as well as new, opulent homes for themselves. At the same time, the religious orders were beginning to bring the Gothic style to Venice's churches from mainland Italy.
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The
Venetian Gothic, while far more intricate in style and design than previous construction types in Venice, never allowed more weight or size than necessary to support the building. Venice had always held the concern that every inch of land is valuable, because of the canals running through the
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only supported stained glass. In contrast, traceries in
Venetian Gothic supported the weight of the entire building. Therefore, the relative weight sustained by the traceries alludes to the relative weightlessness of the buildings as a whole. This (and the associated reduced use of weight-bearing
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was at the start of the stylistic development of the
Venetian Gothic arch, rather than in the middle or at the end, as elsewhere. Round arches began to sprout points on their outer rim, while initially remaining circular on the inside. But neat progressions of style are not always reflected in
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is the other large Gothic church in the city that retains its original character. This was first begun in the 1240s, but that church was too small, and the current building was probably begun in 1333, although not consecrated until 1430. Many other churches retain significant Gothic work,
129:. Even in the Middle Ages, Venetian palaces were built on very constricted sites, and were tall rectangular boxes with decoration concentrated on the front facade. The style was therefore developed for a similar architectural context to that found in late 19th-century city centre streets.
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The beginning of the style probably goes back no further than the 13th century, although the dates of early Gothic palaces, and especially features such as windows in them, are largely uncertain. It dominated the 14th century and because of the city's conservatism
Venetian Gothic buildings,
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The ogee arch is "relatively uncommon in ecclesiastical buildings", where a more conventional
Italian Gothic was adopted (and there are fewer survivals). Conversely, conventional Gothic arches are seen in palaces "only in the most solid elements". Because the unstable ground discouraged
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church. Like most medieval
Franciscan churches, this is a large plain building, built economically to hold large crowds to hear star preachers. First constructed in the 13th century, it was rebuilt in its current Gothic style over a long period in the 14th and 15th centuries.
189:, made from grinding limestone, brick and terracotta fragments, was the typical finish for interior walls, and sometimes exteriors. Flat ceilings supported with timber beams were preferred to vaults, which might crack as the building settled on the pile foundations.
281:. However, these churches were still very similar to those found in the rest of Italy, the main difference being the building materials. It was not until the increase in palace construction, that Venetian Gothic became a distinct style in itself. Influenced by the
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arch, capped with a relief ornament, and ropework reliefs, these are the most iconic characteristics of the style. Ecclesiastical Gothic architecture tended to be less distinctively
Venetian, and closer to that in the rest of Italy.
63:, reflecting Venice's trading network. Very unusually for medieval architecture, the style is at its most characteristic in secular buildings, with the great majority of surviving examples of the style being secular.
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with an elevated view of the city in 1500. Because buildings were tightly packed, Venice was even more prone than other
Italian city centres to fires, creating the need for many of the new buildings.
497:(Islamic Spain). Venetians probably saw the eastern elements in their architecture in a complex way, reflecting and celebrating both their history and the cause of their trade-derived wealth.
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One major aspect of the Venetian Gothic style change that came about during the 14th and 15th centuries was the proportion of the central hall in secular buildings. This hall, known as the
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is reflected in some features of the Venetian style, in particular the use of colour and pattern on outside walls, and sometimes stone grills on windows, and perhaps purely decorative
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of fancy coloured marble or other stones, which was certainly a Venetian taste, was also found in Byzantine and Islamic architecture, but both had derived it from imperial
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order, is mostly 14th-century, but the facade, still Gothic, dates to the 1460s. Other Gothic churches have been given makeovers in Renaissance or Baroque styles. In
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sealed from the salty groundwater, which collected rainwater from the roof and courtyard through stone gutters leading to a sand filter system and the cistern.
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Rößler, Jan-Christoph. "A Short Introduction to Palaces in Venice." The Art and Architecture of Venice. Jan-Christoph Rößler, 2007. Web. 3 October 2010. <
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of Gothic architecture – to allow the erection of higher and higher vaults, with more flexibility in ground-plan – was completely irrelevant in Venice".
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A wider view from the picture above, showing (on San Marco at left) the domes, fancy stone veneers, and at top left, two stone grilles.
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as well as Rome, and very likely much of the stripping of these from other surviving Roman buildings had not yet taken place.
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on rooflines. During the period the Venetian economy was heavily bound up with trade with both the Islamic world and the
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By the 13th century porticos at the front were often abandoned, and replaced by one or more large doorways leading to the
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Venice is built on alluvial mud, and all buildings in the city were (and mostly still are) supported by large numbers of
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The main city was already very largely built up, with buildings tightly packed in the centre; this is shown clearly by
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openings above, decoration along the roofline, and some coloured patterning to plain wall surfaces. Together with the
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actual buildings, and a variety of styles can sometimes be seen in a particular period, and in the same building.
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Venetians may also have regarded some aspects of Byzantine and Islamic architecture as reflecting the world of
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1275:"Santa Maria dei Frari." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 12 October 2010 <
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from the front facade, which therefore typically has more and larger windows than palaces elsewhere.
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especially smaller palaces, continued to be built well into the second half of the 15th century, and
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with Gothic arches. Architects favored using intricate traceries, similar to those found on the
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on a canal allowed goods to be loaded and unloaded, and led to a large space called the
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walls) gives the Venetian Gothic architectural style lightness and grace in structure.
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was later renovated with Renaissance features. On the left, Palazzo Barbaro Wolkoff.
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in the 19th century, largely through the influence of British architectural critic
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The two largest Gothic churches to remain largely unaltered are those of the main
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The most striking examples of this new architectural fashion can be seen in
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capital. There were also Venetian connections with Islamic styles though
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Ed. Jan Morris. Mount Kisco, New York: Moyer Bell Limited, 1989. Print.
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http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/522958/Santa-Maria-dei-Frari
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the elaborate windows, cornice and other decoration to the facade.
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shows the complicated mixture making up late Venetian "Gothic".
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In the 19th century, inspired in particular by the writings of
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very often retained reminiscences of its Gothic predecessor.
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http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/167924/Doges-Palace
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Venetian traders, and those of rival cities, reached into
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evolved into a long passageway that was often opened by a
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The Stones of Venice (Introductions) at Project Gutenberg
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In North America the style was popularized by architects
654:, somewhat "restored" and elaborated in the 19th century.
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Burns, Howard, "Architecture", in Jane Martineau (ed),
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936:Examples in England, the USA, and Australia
78:of closely spaced small columns, with heavy
443:As an example, decorating walls with large
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1362:, 2002, University of California Press, ,
1608:Gothic secular and domestic architecture
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1110:History of the Doge's Palace in Venice
552:, built in late Venetian Gothic style.
27:Architectural style of Medieval Venice
952:in New York, (1863–65, now destroyed)
455:(ruled by Venice from 1440 to 1509),
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788:was known to experiment in it also.
1602:List of Gothic cathedrals in Europe
1346:The Architectural History of Venice
25:
1784:Culture of the Republic of Venice
1100:Venetian Renaissance architecture
784:was an exponent of the style and
667:Palazzo Loredan dell'Ambasciatore
601:on the Grand Canal, close to the
493:and southern Italy, and possibly
97:Venetian Renaissance architecture
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237:and the well-head led down to a
150:timber piles driven into the mud
66:The best-known examples are the
1339:The Genius of Venice, 1500–1600
780:. In Australia, the architect
468:St Mark Preaching at Alexandria
451:. There are still examples in
424:Islamic and Byzantine influence
218:the standards of palaces. The
1779:Victorian architectural styles
1598:Gothic cathedrals and churches
1541:List of Brick Gothic buildings
928:Church of St. Anthony of Padua
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967:in Manchester, England (1866)
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1774:Venetian Gothic architecture
1382:Venetian Gothic architecture
305:This exterior corner of the
293:As described by Ruskin, the
289:Characteristics and examples
1672:Building a Gothic cathedral
1639:Gothic Revival architecture
1105:Italian Gothic architecture
696:Palazzo Molin del Cuoridoro
49:Italian Gothic architecture
47:is the particular form of
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950:National Academy of Design
825:Palazzo Cavalli-Franchetti
262:Palazzo Cavalli-Franchetti
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1547:Early Gothic architecture
1024:Collins Street, Melbourne
778:Frederick William Stevens
535:Palazzo Barbarigo Minotto
1344:Howard, Deborah (2004),
1164:Howard, 31-34; Burns, 24
36:Gothic arches adorn the
1044:a former carpet factory
1006:, New York City, (1878)
682:Palazzo Contarini Fasan
160:that is not strictly a
40:. Mostly 14th century.
1687:Medieval stained glass
1042:The western façade of
711:Palazzo Pisani Moretta
618:Santi Giovanni e Paolo
397:Santi Giovanni e Paolo
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275:Santi Giovanni e Paolo
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127:Victorian architecture
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57:Byzantine architecture
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1656:High Victorian Gothic
1229:The Stones of Venice.
758:Charles Amos Cummings
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38:Doge's Palace, Venice
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1682:International Gothic
1384:at Wikimedia Commons
1348:(2nd edn), Yale UP,
742:The Stones of Venice
430:Islamic architecture
325:In Northern Europe,
142:Palazzo Pesaro Orfei
61:Islamic architecture
1424:Gothic architecture
1358:Mack, Rosamond E.,
986:, England (1872-77)
770:William Robert Ware
1065:, Australia (1896)
1059:Our Boys Institute
980:Elephant Tea Rooms
930:(1912) in Istanbul
464:Early Christianity
449:Roman architecture
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318:, the "structural
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194:Jacopo de' Barbari
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1789:Culture in Venice
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1634:Dissenting Gothic
1629:Collegiate Gothic
1380:Media related to
1046:in Glasgow (1892)
882:Ismailiyya Palace
739:and his treatise
635:on the island of
428:The influence of
406:Madonna dell'Orto
16:(Redirected from
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347:Doge's Palace
344:
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1537:Brick Gothic
1476:
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1028:William Pitt
1000:Montauk Club
909:Viña del Mar
782:William Pitt
755:
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125:movement in
116:
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44:
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29:
1582:Sondergotik
1562:High Gothic
1324:Mack, 15-21
1018:The former
786:Joseph Reed
766:Norman Shaw
737:John Ruskin
569:Grand Canal
565:Ca' Barbaro
550:Ca' Foscari
479: 1505
400:especially
266:Grand Canal
119:John Ruskin
111:Grand Canal
51:typical of
1768:Categories
1567:Isabelline
1557:Flamboyant
1431:By country
1332:References
1315:Mack, 8-13
1306:Mack, 8-12
1297:Howard, 85
1218:Howard, 89
1200:Howard, 39
1191:Howard, 37
1182:Howard, 67
1137:Howard, 90
1004:Park Slope
984:Sunderland
890:Azerbaijan
520:Alexandria
514:after the
495:al-Andalus
395:church of
391:The rival
385:Franciscan
171:Terraferma
113:, 1428–30.
84:quatrefoil
1577:Rayonnant
1572:Manueline
1509:Catalonia
1484:Lithuania
1433:or region
1155:Burns, 24
1146:Burns, 24
892:(1908–13)
848:Stockholm
414:San Marco
410:Humiliati
393:Dominican
381:The Frari
327:traceries
295:ogee arch
279:the Frari
184:Marmorino
174:, now in
158:limestone
156:, a fine
107:Ca' d'Oro
72:Ca' d'Oro
1728:Category
1677:Gargoyle
1530:By style
1519:Valencia
1499:Portugal
1460:Southern
1128:Mack, 12
1094:See also
1088:, (1926)
1082:Sarasota
1078:Cà d'Zan
1063:Adelaide
869:, (1903)
850:, (1898)
831:, (1878)
812:, (1839)
719:San Polo
715:sestiere
637:Giudecca
353:Churches
339:portego,
316:vaulting
196:'s huge
70:and the
1740:Commons
1709:Tracery
1702:Swedish
1692:English
1514:Levante
1450:England
1445:Czechia
1440:Belarus
1086:Florida
867:Brescia
749:palazzi
733:revived
727:Revival
713:in the
620:, 1340s
567:on the
508:in the
487:Ottoman
453:Ravenna
445:veneers
383:is the
264:on the
252:History
246:androne
239:cistern
229:portego
224:androne
220:portico
209:Palaces
198:woodcut
176:Croatia
168:in the
133:Context
109:on the
80:tracery
76:loggias
1752:Voyage
1697:French
1649:Poland
1644:Canada
1591:By use
1494:Poland
1477:Venice
1455:France
1352:
1030:(1888)
915:(1910)
829:Venice
810:Padova
776:, and
502:Persia
491:Sicily
343:loggia
334:city.
234:salone
187:stucco
180:Verona
166:Istria
162:marble
53:Venice
1504:Spain
1472:Milan
1467:Italy
1279:>.
1257:>.
1244:>.
1116:Notes
913:Chile
457:Milan
82:with
1350:ISBN
998:The
886:Baku
504:and
277:and
260:The
88:ogee
1080:in
1026:by
1022:on
884:in
808:in
717:of
470:by
232:or
1770::
1084:,
1061:,
1002:,
982:,
911:,
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476:c.
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1539:(
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474:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
