35:
585:
761:, a VNR is the video equivalent of a press release. and presents a client's case in an attractive, informative format. The VNR placement agency seeks to garner media attention for the client's products, services, brands or other marketing goals. The VNR affords local TV stations free broadcast quality materials for use in reports offered by such stations.
771:
One critic of the VNR technique, John
Stauber, an observer and critic of the Public Relations business says, "These fellows are whistling past the graveyard, assuring themselves that this all is no big deal. There was no hint of shame, certainly no apologizing, just apparent disdain for having their
705:
and the like, where applicable. In some cases the "man on the street" segments feature persons randomly selected and interviewed spontaneously, and in other cases actors are hired and directed by VNR producers to deliver carefully scripted comments. In addition, regardless of whether real people or
832:
informs visitors: "U.S. Census Bureau Video News Feeds are available for creation of state-specific news reports. Targeted comments are provided by Census Bureau
Redistricting Data Office Chief, Marshall Turner. Companion notification material includes references to websites for the newly released
737:
listed detailed information on 77 television stations that it said had broadcast VNRs in the prior 10 months, and which VNRs had been broadcast. Most of these VNR uses were of partial feeds. However, CMD said that in each case the television station actively disguised the VNR content to make it
790:, have made and distributed hundreds of television news segments in the past four years, records and interviews show. Many were subsequently broadcast on local stations across the country without any acknowledgement of the government's role in their production."
824:
public relations firm; the contract specified, among other things, that the firm create "audio products, videos and some print materials that present clear, coherent, targeted messages regarding ED’s programs and that relate to the
Department’s legislative
701:. VNRs also often include interviews with experts (who often have legitimate, if biased, expertise); so called "man on the street" interviews with "average" people; and pictures of celebrities, products, service demonstrations, corporate
890:
In August 2006, the FCC mailed letters to the owners of 77 television stations, asking for information regarding agreements between the stations and the creators of VNRs. The letters also asked whether there was any
684:
in video form and point to the fact that editorial judgement in the worthiness, part or whole, of a VNR's content is still left in the hands of journalists, program producers or the like. The United States
730:
Commercial television stations and other media outlets often broadcast only portions of a VNR. Sometimes they use the script provided by the VNR producer but frequently they write their own script.
673:
may air VNRs, in whole or in part, at their discretion or incorporate them into news reports if they contain information appropriate to a story or of interest to viewers.
1133:
869:
In
February 2005, the "Stop Government Propaganda Act" was introduced in the U.S. Senate. It was referred to the Judiciary Committee and no further action occurred.
620:
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warned television stations that they could be fined for airing news stories provided by the government and by companies without disclosing who made them.
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was aired on a number of local news programs around the country, as conventional journalism when in fact, it was produced to promote the new
680:
technique, particularly when the segment is not identified to the viewers as a VNR. Firms producing VNRs disagree and equate their use to a
1347:
1048:
GAO decision - Matter of: Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services—Video News Releases
1147:
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appear to be its own reporting, and that more than one-third of the time, stations aired the pre-packaged VNR in its entirety.
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1352:
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862:, placing international overseas information activities, including VOA, under an Office of International Information at the
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Public
Relations agencies have their video tapes encoded allowing very accurate tracking of where such video is used. (see:
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information. Please contact...Homefront
Communications for hardcopies on Betacam SP and faxed/email notification copy."
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video, named so because of the on-screen "reporter," was ruled in May 2004 to be in violation of federal law by the
1337:
816:
had violated the law when it distributed a similar video news release using Karen Ryan as a "reporter" touting the
806:
1067:
GAO decision B-304228, "Department of
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business practices dissected on the front page of the New York Times. They are proud of their work."
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895:" given to the stations in return for airing the material. Stations were given 60 days to respond.
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ordered a review of airing of VNRs by television stations, following the April 2006 report by the
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VNRs have been used extensively in business since at least the early 1980s. Corporations such as
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1020:"The Message Machine: How the Government Makes News; Under Bush, a New Age of Prepackaged News"
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In
January 1948, the U.S. Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, also known as the
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958:"Statement of the Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) on Video News Releases (VNRs)"
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Most VNRs feature a professional news reporter, someone with on-air news experience, or an
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reported in March 2005 that "In all, at least 20 federal agencies, including the
754:, and the pharmaceutical industry generally, have all made use of the technique.
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Corporate
Propaganda and Media Manipulation, January 26, 2003, By Royce Carlson
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program of the Bush administration. In May 2003 the Department had hired the
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1110:"Local News Stations Run Propaganda Segment Scripted and Produced by Amazon"
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17:
718:, have complete discretion to excerpt and edit these "interviews" into '
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In May 2020, multiple television stations aired a PR piece produced by
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1178:"S.266 -- Stop Government Propaganda Act (Introduced in Senate - IS)"
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segment made to look like a news report, but is instead created by a
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1057:(pdf). File: B-302710. U.S. House of Representatives. May 19, 2004
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Maiberg, Lauren Kaori Gurley,Jason Koebler,Emanuel (2020-05-26).
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Here's how Conan O'Brien Gets News Anchors to Say The Same Thing
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241:
44:
1202:"FCC's Martin Orders Probe of TV Stations That Air Ads as News"
858:, was passed by Congress and signed into law by U.S. President
1308:
PBS report on U.S. Government using VNRs as covert propaganda
1084:"Video News Feed Information for Redistricting (P.L. 94-171)"
844:, with anchors reading off an identical script vertabatim.
1187:. Thomas.loc.gov. February 2, 2005. Retrieved 2011-09-05.
676:
Critics of VNRs have called the practice deceptive or a
661:. They are provided to television newsrooms to shape
1313:
Judge Jeanine - Owning a gun is my God given right!
809:(GAO), the investigative arm of the U.S. government.
722:' that help make the point they are trying to make.
16:For the airline with the ICAO identifier VNR, see
1148:"About VOA - VOA History - Historical Highlights"
689:is currently investigating the practice of VNRs.
1018:Barstow, David & Stein, Robin (2005-03-13).
812:In September, 2005, the GAO concluded that the
1282:Brand Propaganda, March 20, 2005, by Andy Lark
1262:"Under Bush, a New Age of Prepackaged TV News"
614:
8:
1294:A New Age of "Fake News", WBUR 17 March 2005
1132:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
665:, promote commercial products and services,
733:In a report released on April 6, 2006, the
941:"Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed"
649:firm, advertising agency, marketing firm,
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607:
22:
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995:"PR Execs Undeterred by Fake News "Flap""
669:individuals, or support other interests.
742:Business production in the United States
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795:Department of Health and Human Services
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404:
213:
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1226:"TV Stations' 'Fake News' Scrutinized"
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1299:Audio and video coverage of the issue
7:
966:Public Relations Society of America
759:Public Relations Society of America
939:Farsetta, Diane (March 16, 2006).
840:that defended its response to the
14:
947:, Center for Media and Democracy.
874:Federal Communications Commission
687:Federal Communications Commission
706:professional actors appear, VNR
583:
33:
916:Journalism ethics and standards
999:Center for Media and Democracy
885:Center for Media and Democracy
735:Center for Media and Democracy
1:
768:for additional information).
757:According to the trade-group
572:Pundit / commentator
1071:Government Accounting Office
968:. April 2004. Archived from
766:SIGMA (verification service)
110:Index of journalism articles
1348:Public relations techniques
1200:Roland, Neil (2006-05-26).
1088:United States Census Bureau
801:plan. The creation of the
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879:In May 2006, FCC chairman
15:
1053:December 7, 2006, at the
807:General Accounting Office
595:Category: Journalism
1037:(subscription required)
814:Department of Education
659:non-profit organization
532:Journalists (reporters)
962:Your Leaders Speak Out
793:A VNR financed by the
100:Editorial independence
1353:Propaganda techniques
1288:Video and audio links
590:Journalism portal
453:Pink-slime journalism
438:Horse race journalism
1343:Sources (journalism)
1333:Broadcast journalism
1073:. September 30, 2005
818:No Child Left Behind
428:Freedom of the press
1264:(subscription req.)
872:In April 2005, the
864:Department of State
490:Newspaper of record
1268:Video new releases
1183:2020-01-10 at the
993:(March 16, 2005).
784:Defense Department
726:Media broadcasting
635:video news release
1338:Journalism ethics
1232:. August 16, 2006
849:VNRs and U.S. law
842:COVID-19 pandemic
828:A website of the
655:government agency
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516:Alternative media
468:Yellow journalism
105:Journalism school
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1234:. Retrieved
1228:. CBS News.
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1173:
1162:. Retrieved
1158:the original
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1092:. Retrieved
1090:. 2001-05-30
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1029:. Retrieved
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970:the original
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881:Kevin Martin
860:Harry Truman
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714:, just like
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675:
638:
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567:Photographer
501:TV and radio
433:Infotainment
423:Fifth Estate
322:Interpretive
272:Comics-based
1272:SourceWatch
945:PRwatch.org
720:sound bites
716:journalists
651:corporation
552:Copy editor
382:Underground
297:Explanatory
222:Adversarial
191:Video games
146:Environment
85:Attribution
80:News values
75:Objectivity
1327:Categories
1236:2006-08-17
1211:2006-08-17
1209:Retrieved
1164:2011-09-05
1119:2020-05-27
1094:2006-08-17
1031:2006-08-17
1004:2006-08-17
976:2011-09-05
927:References
838:Amazon.com
803:Karen Ryan
678:propaganda
486:Newspapers
477:News media
443:Media bias
347:Non-profit
332:Multimedia
252:Churnalism
181:Technology
90:Defamation
27:Journalism
911:Infoganda
906:Fake news
748:Microsoft
712:directors
708:producers
667:publicize
537:Columnist
496:Magazines
413:Fake news
337:Narrative
317:Immersion
277:Community
247:Broadcast
1181:Archived
1128:cite web
1051:Archived
900:See also
799:Medicare
786:and the
506:Internet
397:Watchdog
287:Database
242:Blogging
237:Analytic
227:Advocacy
166:Politics
156:Medicine
131:Business
18:Avantair
1069:. U.S.
822:Ketchum
693:Details
641:) is a
542:Blogger
377:Tabloid
352:Opinion
257:Citizen
201:Weather
186:Traffic
171:Science
151:Fashion
70:Culture
54:Five Ws
547:Editor
392:Visual
372:Sensor
214:Genres
176:Sports
60:Ethics
1301:from
703:logos
699:actor
657:, or
643:video
524:Roles
387:Video
357:Peace
307:Gonzo
262:Civic
206:World
161:Music
118:Areas
1134:link
1114:Vice
776:The
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710:and
282:Data
136:Data
126:Arts
45:News
1270:at
639:VNR
196:War
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