192:
249:
the input voltage is applied across the inductor and the current in the inductor rises linearly. Turning off the switch causes the voltage across the inductor to reverse and the current to flow through the freewheeling diodes Da+ and Da-, decreasing linearly. By controlling the switch on-time, the topology is able to control the current in phase with the mains voltage, presenting a resistive load behavior (
760:
55:
227:
248:
It is possible to separately control the input current shape in each branch of the diode bridge by inserting a bidirectional switch into the node, as shown in Figure 3. The switch Ta controls the current by controlling the magnetization of the inductor. When the bi-directional switch is turned on,
933:
J. W. Kolar, H. Ertl, F. C. Zach, “Design and
Experimental Investigation of a Three-Phase High Power Density High Efficiency Unity Power Factor PWM (Vienna) Rectifier Employing a Novel Integrated Power Semiconductor Module”, Proceedings of the 11th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, San Jose
230:
Fig 3:Time variation of voltage-phases ua, ub, uc of the current-phases ia, ib, ic. From top to bottom: 1) mains voltages ua, ub, uc. 2) mains currents ia, ib, ic. 3) rectifier voltage at uDaM (see Fig. 1), which forms the input current. 4. Midpoint current of the output capacitors (i0 in Fig. 1).
199:
The Vienna
Rectifier is useful wherever six-switch converters are used for achieving sinusoidal mains current and controlled output voltage, when no energy feedback from the load into the mains is available. In practice, use of the Vienna Rectifier is advantageous when space is at a sufficient
951:
J. W. Kolar, U. Drofenik, F. C. Zach, “Space Vector Based
Analysis of the Variation and Control of the Neutral Point Potential of Hysteresis Current Controlled Three-Phase/Switch/Level PWM Rectifier Systems”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems,
217:
Figure 2 shows the top and bottom views of an air-cooled 10 kW-Vienna
Rectifier (400 kHz PWM), with sinusoidal input current s and controlled output voltage. Dimensions are 250mm x 120mm x 40mm, resulting in a power density of 8.5 kW/dm. The total weight of the converter is
863:
J. W. Kolar, F. C. Zach, “A Novel Three-Phase
Utility Interface Minimizing Line Current Harmonics of High-Power Telecommunications Rectifier Modules”, Record of the 16th IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference, Vancouver, Canada, Oct. 30 - Nov. 3, pp. 367-374 (1994)
22:
1000:
J. W. Kolar, U. Drofenik, F. C. Zach, “Current
Handling Capability of the Neutral Point of a Three-Phase/Switch/Level Boost-Type PWM (Vienna) Rectifier”, Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Baveno, Italy, June 24–27, Vol.II, pp.1329-1336 (1996)
239:
Figure 3 shows the system behaviour, calculated using the power-electronics circuit simulator. Between the output voltage midpoint (0) and the mains midpoint (M) the common mode voltage u0M appears, as is characteristic in three-phase converter systems.
340:
433:
1044:
S. D. Round, P. Karutz, M. L. Heldwein, J. W. Kolar, “Towards a 30 kW/liter, Three-Phase Unity Power Factor
Rectifier”, Proceedings of the 4th Power Conversion Conference (PCC'07), Nagoya, Japan, April 2–5, CD-ROM,
513:
819:
J. W. Kolar, „Dreiphasen-Dreipunkt-Pulsgleichrichter“, filed Dec. 23, 1993, File No.: AT2612/93, European Patent Appl.: EP 94 120 245.9-1242 entitled “Vorrichtung und
Verfahren zur Umformung von Drehstrom in
687:
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sector of the period T1 sa, sb, and sc characterise the switching state of the system. The arrows represent the physical direction and value of the current midpoint i0.
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5. Voltage between mains midpoint M and the output voltage midpoint 0. Note: Inner mains inductance is not considered, and therefore the voltage across the
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1050:
1112:
884:"Novel Concept for Mains Voltage Proportional Input Current Shaping of a VIENNA Rectifier Eliminating Controller Multipliers"
158:
Reliable behaviour (guaranteeing ohmic mains behaviour) under heavily unbalanced mains voltages and in case of mains failure
627:
133:
1092:
207:
756:). Fig. 4 shows the conduction states of the system, and from this we get the input space vectors shows in Fig. 5
883:
1102:
250:
565:
172:
34:
515:. The available voltage space vectors required for the input voltage are defined by the switching states
719:
979:
146:
1107:
832:"VIENNA Rectifier II—A Novel Single-Stage High-Frequency Isolated Three-Phase PWM Rectifier System"
335:{\displaystyle {\underline {i}}_{D}=G\star {\underline {u}}_{C}\approx G\star {\underline {u}}_{1}}
906:
428:{\displaystyle {\underline {u}}_{D}\star ={\underline {u}}-j\omega _{1}L_{1}{\underline {1}}_{D}}
518:
1073:
iPES (Interactive Power
Electronics Seminar): Java-Applet Animation of the Vienna Rectifier at
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Fig 5: Conduction states of the Vienna
Rectifier, for ia>0, ib,ic<0, valid in a
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Fig. 2: Top and bottom views of an air-cooled 10kW-Vienna Rectifier (400kHz PWM).
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To generate a sinusoidal power input which is in phase with the voltage
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508:{\displaystyle {\underline {u}}_{D}\star \approx {\underline {u}}_{1}}
342:
the average voltage space vector over a pulse-period must satisfy:
226:
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premium to justify the additional hardware cost. These include:
1062:
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For high switching frequencies or low inductivities we require (
972:"How to Design a 10kW Three-Phase AC/DC Interface Step by Step"
244:
Current control and balance of the neutral point at the DC-side
48:
562:
and the direction of the phase currents. For example, for
1021:"Intuitive explanation of the three phase Vienna rectifier"
139:
Simple control to stabilize the neutral point potential
76:
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The Vienna Rectifier provides the following features:
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682:{\displaystyle \phi _{1}=-30^{\circ }...+30^{\circ }}
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Miniböck, Johann; Kolar, Johann W. (February 2005).
41:, a public research university in Vienna, Austria.
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175:(PWM) rectifier. It can be seen as a three-phase
37:rectifier, invented in 1993 by Johann W. Kolar at
716:) the phase of the input current space vector is
934:(CA), USA, March 3–7, Vol.2, pp.514-523 (1996)
952:Singapore, Feb.21-24, Vol.1, pp.22-33 (1995)
8:
891:IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
839:IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
213:Input stages of AC-drive converter systems.
114:Three-wire input, no connection to neutral
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25:Fig. 1: Schematic of a Vienna Rectifier.
20:
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142:Low complexity, low realization effort
123:Boost system (continuous input current)
978:. Gecko-Research GmbH. Archived from
617:{\displaystyle iDa>0,iDb,iDc<0}
171:three-phase three-switch three-level
7:
1019:Sam Ben-Yaakov (4 November 2021).
749:{\displaystyle i_{D}\approx i_{1}}
204:Telecommunications power supplies.
14:
970:Drofenik, Dr. Uwe (22 May 2009).
53:
16:Pulse-width modulation rectifier
549:
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235:is equal to the mains voltage.
208:Uninterruptible power supplies
111:with controlled output voltage
68:format but may read better as
1:
222:Current and voltage waveforms
134:electro-magnetic interference
107:three-level three-switch PWM
1129:
870:10.1109/INTLEC.1994.396642
624:, i.e. for the phase-range
555:{\displaystyle (sa,sb,sc)}
167:The Vienna Rectifier is a
132:Low conducted common-mode
1098:Electric power conversion
709:{\displaystyle \phi _{1}}
126:Unidirectional power flow
1007:10.1109/PESC.1996.548754
958:10.1109/PEDS.1995.404952
940:10.1109/APEC.1996.500491
1113:20th-century inventions
903:10.1109/TIE.2004.841096
851:10.1109/TIE.2004.841096
251:Power-factor correction
77:converting this section
1063:www.gecko-research.com
976:www.gecko-research.com
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783:{\displaystyle 60^{o}}
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173:Pulse-width modulation
35:pulse-width modulation
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897:(1). IEEE: 162–170.
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1093:Electronic circuits
1075:www.ipes.ee.ethz.ch
179:with an integrated
982:on 14 January 2015
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451:{\displaystyle L1}
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129:High power density
79:, if appropriate.
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1103:Power electronics
830:Johann W. Kolar.
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801:Warsaw rectifier
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75:You can help by
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89:December 2021
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62:This section
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1028:. Retrieved
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980:the original
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187:Applications
177:diode bridge
166:
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81:Editing help
63:
30:
28:
18:
150: [
105:Three-phase
1108:Rectifiers
1087:Categories
986:28 January
807:References
1053:, (2007).
916:9 October
734:≈
698:ϕ
675:∘
653:∘
645:−
633:ϕ
495:_
486:≈
483:⋆
472:_
415:_
390:ω
383:−
378:_
367:⋆
356:_
322:_
313:⋆
307:≈
296:_
287:⋆
270:_
109:rectifier
1030:June 20,
911:28930599
795:See also
163:Topology
45:Features
1025:YouTube
39:TU Wien
1049:
909:
64:is in
907:S2CID
887:(PDF)
845:(4).
835:(PDF)
154:]
118:Ohmic
70:prose
33:is a
1047:ISBN
1032:2024
988:2021
918:2023
609:<
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145:Low
66:list
29:The
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