656:
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546:) is most easily identified by the band of pale yellow feathers surrounding its eyes and encircling the back of its head. Its forehead, crown and the sides of its face are slate grey flecked with golden yellow. Its eye is yellow. The foreneck and sides of the head are light brown. The back and tail are slate blue-black. Its chest, stomach, thighs and the underside of its flippers are white in colour. Juvenile birds have a greyer head with no yellow band around their eyes.
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first six weeks after hatching, the chicks are guarded during the day by one parent while the other is at sea feeding. The foraging adult returns at least daily to feed the chicks and relieve the partner. After the chicks are six weeks of age, both parents go to sea to supply food to their rapidly growing offspring. Chicks usually fledge in mid-February and are totally independent from then on. Chick fledge weights are generally between 5 and 6 kg.
99:
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603:. Jeremy Austin, a member of the team that discovered the Waitaha penguin, said, "Our findings demonstrate that yellow-eyed penguins on mainland New Zealand are not a declining remnant of a previous abundant population, but came from the subantarctic relatively recently and replaced the extinct Waitaha penguin."
685:
508:. The decrease in sea lion populations after human settlement may also have eased their expansion. Another coauthor, Dr Phil Seddon, said "these unexpected results highlight ... the dynamic nature of ecosystem change, where the loss of one species may open up opportunities for the expansion of another."
549:
It is the largest living penguin to breed on the mainland of New
Zealand and the fourth or fifth heaviest living penguin by body mass. It stands 62–79 centimetres (24–31 in) tall and weighs 3–8.5 kilograms (6.6–18.7 lb). Weight varies throughout the year, with penguins being heaviest just
467:
scientists comparing the foot bones of 500-year-old, 100-year-old and modern specimens of penguins. According to lead researcher Sanne
Boessenkool, Waitaha penguins "were around 10% smaller than the yellow-eyed penguin. The two species are very closely related, but we can't say if they had a yellow
675:
First breeding occurs at three to four years of age and long-term partnerships are formed. Nest sites are selected in August and normally two eggs are laid in
September. The incubation duties (lasting 39–51 days) are shared by both parents, who may spend several days on the nest at a time. For the
671:
Whether yellow-eyed penguins are colonial nesters has been an ongoing point of debate among zoologists in New
Zealand. Most Antarctic penguin species nest in large, high density aggregations of birds; in contrast, yellow-eyed penguins do not nest within sight of each other. While they can be seen
768:
Breeding penguins usually undertake two kinds of foraging trips: day trips where the birds leave at dawn and return in the evening ranging up to 25 km from their colonies, and shorter evening trips during which the birds are seldom away from their nest longer than four hours or range farther
2188:
Thiebot, Jean-Baptiste; Arnould, John PY; Gómez-Laich, Agustina; Ito, Kentaro; Kato, Akiko; Mattern, Thomas; Mitamura, Hiromichi; Noda, Takuji; Poupart, Timothée; Quintana, Flavio; Raclot, Thierry (2017). "Jellyfish and other gelata as food for four penguin species – insights from predator-borne
641:
between the northern and southern populations as the large stretch of ocean between the South Island and subantarctic region and the subtropical convergence act as a natural barrier. Based on monitoring between 2012-2017, there are on average 577 breeding pairs per year on
Enderby Island in the
672:
coming ashore in groups of four to six or more individuals, they then disperse along tracks to individual nest sites up to one kilometre inland. Accordingly, the consensus among New
Zealand penguin workers is to use habitat rather than colony to refer to areas where yellow-eyed penguins nest.
483:
relatively recently and replaced the extinct
Waitaha penguin," said team member Dr Jeremy Austin, deputy director of the Australasian Centre for Ancient DNA. Archaeological remains indicate that early Polynesian settlers hunted the species and that this, with possible additional predation by
1594:
Cole, Theresa L.; Zhou, Chengran; Fang, Miaoquan; Pan, Hailin; Ksepka, Daniel T.; Fiddaman, Steven R.; Emerling, Christopher A.; Thomas, Daniel B.; Bi, Xupeng; Fang, Qi; Ellegaard, Martin R.; Feng, Shaohong; Smith, Adrian L.; Heath, Tracy A.; Tennyson, Alan J. D. (19 July 2022).
773:
forager that searches for prey along the seafloor. Accordingly, up to 90% of their dives are benthic dives. This also means that their average dive depths are determined by the water depths within their home ranges, but can swim up to 240 meters below the water surface.
765:). Recently, jellyfish were found to be targeted by the penguins. While initially thought that the birds would prey on jellyfish itself, deployments of camera loggers revealed that the penguins were going after juvenile fish and fish larvae associated with jellyfish.
479:, whose tribal lands included the areas the Waitaha penguin are thought to have inhabited. "Our findings demonstrate that yellow-eyed penguins on mainland New Zealand are not a declining remnant of a previous abundant population, but came from the
2258:
Mattern, T.; Ellenberg, U.; Houston, D.M.; Lamare, M.; van Heezik, Y.; Seddon, P.J., Davis, L.S. 2013: The Pros and Cons of being a benthic forager: How anthropogenic alterations of the seafloor affect Yellow-eyed penguis. Keynote presentation.
1988:
Boessenkool, Sanne; Star, Bastiaan; Waters, Jonathan M.; Seddon, Philip J. (June 2009). "Multilocus assignment analyses reveal multiple units and rare migration events in the recently expanded yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes)".
880:, and the Catlins. In addition, commercial tourist operations on Otago Peninsula also provide hides to view yellow-eyed penguins. However, the yellow-eyed penguin cannot be found in zoos because it will not reproduce in captivity.
688:
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On the New
Zealand mainland, the species has experienced a significant decline over the past 20 years. On the Otago Peninsula, numbers have dropped by 75% since the mid-1990s and population trends indicate the possibility of
357:
is still being studied, an infectious outbreak in the mid-2000s played a large role in the drop. Human activities at sea (fisheries, pollution) may have an equal if not greater influence on the species' downward trend.
690:
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before moulting, during which they may lose 3–4 kilograms in weight. Males at around 5.53 kg (12.2 lb) on average are somewhat heavier than females at an average of 5.13 kg (11.3 lb).
1903:
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The yellow-eyed penguin may be long lived, with some individuals reaching 20 years of age. Males are generally longer lived than females, leading to a sex ratio of 2:1 around the age of 10–12 years.
2597:
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and the pathogen identified. A similar problem has affected the
Stewart Island population. Treatment of chicks in hospital has proven successful with 88% of 41 chicks treated in 2022 surviving.
2249:
Mattern, T.; Ellenberg, U.; Houston, D.M.; Davis, L.S. 2007: Consistent foraging routes and benthic foraging behaviour in yellow-eyed penguins. Marine
Ecology Progress Series 343: 295–306
410:
of the species was published as part of the Penguin Genome Consortium, and this will help resolve the origins and aid conservation by helping to inform any future breeding programmes.
2398:
1069:
2534:
800:
It had an estimated population of 4000 in 2007. The main threats include habitat degradation and introduced predators. It may be the most ancient of all living penguins.
613:
Today, yellow-eyed penguins are found in two distinct populations. The northern population extends along the southeast coast of the South Island of New Zealand, down to
5985:
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as being endangered. It was first included on the list in 1988 when it was listed as threatened. Its status has since been changed to endangered in the year 2000.
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Moore, P.J.; Wakelin, M.D. 1997: Diet of the yellow-eyed penguin Megadyptes antipodes, South Island, New Zealand, 1991–1993. Marine Ornithology 25:17–29
1553:
Cole, T.L.; Ksepka, D.T.; Mitchell, K.J.; Tennyson, A.J.; Thomas, D.B.; Pan, H.; Zhang, G.; Rawlence, N.J.; Wood, J.R.; Bover, P.; Bouzat, J.L. (2019).
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was widespread and abundant before the arrival of Polynesian settlers in New Zealand. However, genetic analysis has since revealed that its
2395:
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1848:
1443:
Boessenkool, Sanne; Austin, Jeremy J; Worthy, Trevor H; Scofield, Paul; Cooper, Alan; Seddon, Philip J; Waters, Jonathan M (7 March 2009).
1735:
1142:
Pan, Hailin; Cole, Theresa L.; Bi, Xupeng; Fang, Miaoquan; Zhou, Chengran; Yang, Zhengtao; Ksepka, Daniel T.; Hart, Tom; Bouzat, Juan L.;
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in New Zealand, the first win for a seabird in the competition's 14-year history. It was again victorious in the 2024 competition.
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1093:"Quantifying climate change impacts emphasises the importance of managing regional threats in the endangered Yellow-eyed penguin"
505:
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78:
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1933:
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633:. It is also referred to as the mainland population. The southern population includes the subantarctic Auckland Islands and
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1818:
1672:
3048:
940:
890:
2417:
2042:"Population estimate for yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) in the subantarctic Auckland Islands, New Zealand"
5920:
5714:
5600:
3056:
3021:
3016:
2490:
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Saunderson, SC; Nouioui, I; Midwinter, AC; Wilkinson, DA; Young, MJ; McInnes, KM; Watts, J; Sangal, V (29 June 2021).
2040:
Muller, Christopher G.; Chilvers, Louise; French, Rebecca K.; Hiscock, Johanna A.; Battley, Phil F. (1 January 2020).
1312:(4th ed.). Wellington, New Zealand: Te Papa Press in association with the Ornithological Society of New Zealand.
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The species breeds along the eastern and south-eastern coastlines of the South Island of New Zealand, as well as
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only expanded to include mainland New Zealand in the past 200 years. Yellow-eyed penguins expanded out of the
500:
in studies from 2019 and 2022. After their extinction, their range was occupied by yellow-eyed penguins (now
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The yellow-eyed penguin is considered one of the rarest penguin species in the world. It is listed on the
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Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands, and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica
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and are relatively accessible for those wishing to watch the birds come ashore. These include beaches at
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have no record of this subspecies, it is estimated to have perished between c. 1300 and 1500, soon after
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The yellow-eyed penguin is mostly silent. It makes a shrill bray-like call at nest and breeding sites.
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1998:
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In spring 2004, a previously undescribed disease killed off 60% of yellow-eyed penguin chicks on the
1555:"Mitogenomes uncover extinct penguin taxa and reveal island formation as a key driver of speciation"
5221:
5209:
4662:
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1703:. Onley, Derek J. (Revised and updated ed.). , New Zealand: Penguin Random House. p. 40.
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2022:
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Mattern T, Meyer S, Ellenberg U, Houston DM, Darby JD, Young M, van Heezilk Y, Seddon PJ (2017).
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is extinct. The modern population of yellow-eyed penguins does not breed on the Chatham Islands.
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A reserve protecting more than 10% of the mainland population was established at Long Point in
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2014:
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2006:
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Radiocarbon-dating and ancient DNA reveal rapid replacement of extinct prehistoric penguins
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Auckland Islands, which comprise 37-49% of the total breeding population for the species.
622:
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581:
515:
338:
234:
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2440:
Species Associated with Fatal Diphtheritic Stomatitis in Endangered Yellow-Eyed Penguins"
1445:"Relict or colonizer? Extinction and range expansion of penguins in southern New Zealand"
960:
485:
469:
385:
but new molecular research has shown it is more closely related to penguins of the genus
2712:
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2002:
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in November 2007 by the Department of Conservation and the Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust.
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Mattern, Thomas; Ellenberg, Ursula; Heezik, Yolanda Van; Seddon, Philip J (2017).
2725:
1163:
422:, yellow-eyed penguin. The only extant subspecies. Formerly most abundant in the
312:), molecular research has shown it more closely related to penguins of the genus
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5972:
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729:
630:
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319:
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2108:"The yellow-eyed penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) on Stewart and Codfish Islands"
1896:"Sentinels of change: prehistoric penguin species raise conservation conundrum"
1621:
17:
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849:
810:
In August 2010, the yellow-eyed penguin was granted protection under the U.S.
599:). The Waitaha penguin became extinct between about 1300 and 1500, soon after
341:
are a popular tourist venue, where visitors may closely observe penguins from
170:
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110:
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2018:
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Polynesian rats and dogs, was a probable cause of extinction. As the local
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than 7 km. Yellow-eyed penguins are known to be an almost exclusive
737:
721:
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Around 90% of the yellow-eyed penguin's diet is made up of fish, chiefly
698:
589:
387:
314:
130:
5654:
5579:
2731:
Yellow-eyed penguins from the International Penguin Conservation website
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2261:
8th International Penguin Conference, Bristol, UK. 2–6 September 2013
2210:
869:
535:
407:
120:
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5693:
5644:
5498:
1597:"Genomic insights into the secondary aquatic transition of penguins"
1212:
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821:
781:
683:
654:
563:
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2327:
2226:
Penguins hunting jellyfish: main course, side dish or decoration?
518:. Last dated after the 13th century. It was hunted to extinction.
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5245:
4708:
3113:
531:
140:
5951:
5502:
4188:
3698:
3138:
3052:
2775:
2685:"Rare smelly penguin wins New Zealand bird of the year contest"
5255:
4798:
1148:"High-coverage genomes to elucidate the evolution of penguins"
659:
A family of yellow-eyed penguin at the Penguin Place Lodge at
472:
399:
697:
A yellow-eyed penguin diving to the seafloor and catching an
2377:
Land set aside for yellow-eyed penguin protection in Catlins
2771:
2742:. Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand. 2001
514:, Richdale's penguin. Extinct. A dwarf subspecies from the
1503:(Press release). University of Adelaide. 19 November 2008
377:
The yellow-eyed penguin is the sole species in the genus
2415:
Five Penguins Win U.S. Endangered Species Act Protection
2366:. Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust. Accessed 28 November 2007.
2041:
1675:(Press release). Science Media Centre. 19 November 2008
1449:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
1294:
1292:
2737:"Hoiho (Megadyptes antipodes) recovery plan 2000–2025"
2721:
Official Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust site in New Zealand
2396:
12km coastal reserve declared for yellow-eyed penguins
1146:; Bertelsen, Mads F.; et al. (1 September 2019).
621:/ Whenua Hou. It includes four main breeding areas in
5464:
2276:(Rev. ed.). Auckland, N.Z: Viking. p. 227.
4137:
4106:
4054:
4023:
3918:
3901:
3877:
3867:
3850:
3840:
3809:
3786:
3756:
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3730:
3720:
3638:
3528:
3498:
3468:
3453:
3443:
3433:
3423:
3413:
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3393:
3383:
3373:
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3353:
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3333:
3323:
3313:
3290:
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3270:
3260:
3250:
3240:
3230:
3220:
3210:
3200:
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758:). They also eat some crustaceans, including krill (
245:
238:
6076:
5867:
5511:
5200:
5080:
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4605:
4222:
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2386:. The Southland Times, Wednesday, 28 November 2007.
459:. Last dated to 1347–1529 AD. It was discovered by
381:. It was previously thought closely related to the
1524:"Ancient species of penguin found in DNA of bones"
1238:
1236:
1234:
984:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22697800A182703046.en
1694:
1692:
1690:
900:'s recycling and solid waste management campaign.
842:. The disease has been linked to an infection of
402:evidence suggests it split from the ancestors of
353:in the next 20 to 40 years. While the effect of
916:In 2019 the yellow-eyed penguin was crowned the
406:around 15 million years ago. In 2019 the 1.25Gb
1699:Heather, Barrie D.; Robertson, Hugh A. (2015).
366:The yellow-eyed penguin was first described by
2819:: Spheniscidae · subfamily: Spheniscinae)
2245:
2243:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1383:"Researchers stumble upon new penguin species"
4200:
3064:
2787:
889:The hoiho appears on the reverse side of the
606:A dwarf subspecies from the Chatham Islands,
8:
2157:"Megadyptes antipodes – yellow-eyed penguin"
1352:"Waitaha penguin | New Zealand Birds Online"
903:The yellow-eyed penguin is also featured in
441:after the extinction of the Waitaha penguin.
5450:
5433:
5421:
5404:
5392:
5350:
5328:
5291:
5274:
5237:
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5213:
5188:
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5154:
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4942:
4930:
4918:
4906:
4894:
4882:
4870:
4858:
4841:
4829:
4817:
4780:
4768:
4756:
4744:
4717:
4700:
4678:
4666:
4654:
4642:
4630:
4618:
4584:
4572:
4560:
4548:
4531:
4519:
4507:
4495:
4483:
4471:
4459:
4442:
4430:
4408:
4396:
4379:
4367:
4355:
4343:
4331:
4319:
4307:
4295:
4283:
4271:
4259:
4247:
4235:
2405:, Radio New Zealand News, 27 November 2007.
2274:The field guide to the birds of New Zealand
2272:Heather, B. D.; Robertson, Hugh A. (2000).
2075:Grzelewski, Derek (January–February 2004).
1701:The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand
5499:
4207:
4193:
4185:
3708:
3695:
3464:
3148:
3135:
3071:
3057:
3049:
2794:
2780:
2772:
2436:"Phylogenomic Characterization of a Novel
1926:"New penguin species found in New Zealand"
1501:"New penguin species found in New Zealand"
1405:
1403:
601:Polynesian settlers arrived in New Zealand
496:in 2009, but reclassified as a subspecies
490:Polynesian settlers arrived in New Zealand
304:Previously thought closely related to the
254:
72:
40:
31:
2646:"Bird of the year: Hoiho takes the title"
2463:
2328:"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species"
1793:
1791:
1648:
1630:
1620:
1570:
1476:
1171:
1118:
1108:
982:
896:The yellow-eyed penguin is the mascot to
27:Species of penguin endemic to New Zealand
2191:Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
1673:"Penguin bones reveal long-lost species"
1197:"Genomic data from Yellow-eyed penguin (
5471:
1195:Pan, H.; Cole, T.; et al. (2019).
951:
848:, a genus of bacteria that also causes
752:) and cephalopods such as arrow squid (
712:that live near the seafloor, including
2497:, Sunday Star Times, 25 November 2007.
2308:from the original on 29 September 2019
1969:from the original on 29 September 2019
1829:from the original on 29 September 2019
1763:
1761:
1346:
1344:
1072:from the original on 29 September 2019
506:the subantarctic islands further south
468:crown." The penguin was named for the
6252:Taxa named by Jacques Bernard Hombron
2664:from the original on 17 November 2019
2626:from the original on 18 February 2013
2128:from the original on 24 February 2021
1953:
1951:
1730:
1728:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1337:– via New Zealand Birds Online.
1301:Ornithological Society of New Zealand
1021:
876:lighthouse, a number of beaches near
7:
6168:7a503a9f-390c-4436-b89c-ca5b3bac70e1
6027:e12c8ffd-8e43-4cfa-9cde-944fa7b0de1b
5779:bf0a3bef-d648-478d-b6a9-8e09650c267f
2540:from the original on 28 October 2022
2508:"Hoiho numbers remain disappointing"
2169:from the original on 20 January 2023
1219:from the original on 27 October 2023
1056:
1054:
1052:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
852:in humans. It has been described as
576:Until recently, it was assumed that
455:, South Island, Stewart Island, and
263:Distribution of yellow-eyed penguin
2726:Yellow-eyed penguin on PenguinWorld
2590:"$ 5 – Reserve Bank of New Zealand"
2332:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1936:from the original on 9 October 2016
1906:from the original on 1 October 2019
1411:"Rare penguin took over from rival"
1381:Askin, Pauline (20 November 2008).
1037:from the original on 11 August 2022
970:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
936:List of extinct New Zealand animals
318:. Like most penguins, it is mainly
2713:BBC Science and nature page about
2683:Corlett, Eva (16 September 2024).
2620:"Rubbish and Recycling – Services"
1884:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1768:Dunning, John B. Jr., ed. (2008).
25:
2424:Turtle Island Restoration Network
2338:from the original on 4 March 2020
2087:from the original on 17 July 2021
1771:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
1522:Fox, Rebecca (20 November 2008).
1329:from the original on 16 June 2013
6217:IUCN Red List endangered species
5486:
5474:
5359:North Island little spotted kiwi
4596:
4169:
3681:
2600:from the original on 12 May 2023
2570:from the original on 3 July 2019
2488:Mystery illness strikes penguins
2011:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04203.x
97:
2106:Darby, John T (17 April 2003).
2056:from the original on 7 May 2024
1559:Molecular Biology and Evolution
959:BirdLife International (2020).
909:, in which they complain about
864:Several mainland habitats have
504:), previously most abundant in
6257:Taxa named by Honoré Jacquinot
5310:North Island stout-legged wren
5305:South Island stout-legged wren
2298:"Population and recent trends"
1882:A Population Study of Penguins
1242:Rawlence, Nicolas J., et al. "
1199:Megadyptes antipodes antipodes
635:Campbell Island / Motu Ihupuku
502:Megadyptes antipodes antipodes
451:. Extinct. Was present in the
243:Megadyptes antipodes richdalei
230:Megadyptes antipodes antipodes
1:
6237:Birds of the Campbell Islands
6232:Birds of the Auckland Islands
1736:"Yellow-eyed penguin biology"
492:. Described as a new species
6262:Endemic birds of New Zealand
2920:(or northern little penguin)
941:List of birds of New Zealand
891:New Zealand five-dollar note
235:Megadyptes antipodes waitaha
3022:Northern rockhopper penguin
3017:Southern rockhopper penguin
2234:10.13140/RG.2.2.22929.33123
1799:Penguins: A Worldwide Guide
1774:(2nd ed.). CRC Press.
1062:"Yellow-eyed penguin/hoiho"
744:). Other species taken are
457:Codfish Island / Whenua Hou
6283:
5430:New Zealand owlet-nightjar
4504:South Island oystercatcher
2077:"Hoiho—still on the brink"
1959:"Distribution and habitat"
1801:. Sterling Publishing Co.
1622:10.1038/s41467-022-31508-9
1255:Quaternary Science Reviews
1164:10.1093/gigascience/giz117
746:New Zealand blueback sprat
742:Hemerocoetes monopterygius
629:, Otago Peninsula and the
6227:Birds of the South Island
5271:Auckland Island merganser
4594:
4167:
3707:
3694:
3679:
3147:
3134:
3096:
2815:: Sphenisciformes ·
2809:
2456:10.1128/mSystems.00320-21
2302:Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust
1963:Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust
1823:Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust
977:: e.T22697800A182703046.
588:to replace New Zealand's
542:The yellow-eyed penguin (
355:rising ocean temperatures
262:
253:
227:
222:
199:
192:
94:Scientific classification
92:
70:
61:
48:
39:
34:
5283:Chatham Island merganser
4850:Northern royal albatross
4838:New Zealand storm petrel
3091:and their extinct allies
2914:(or little blue penguin)
2622:. Dunedin City Council.
2420:28 November 2010 at the
2401:13 February 2012 at the
1356:www.nzbirdsonline.org.nz
1031:New Zealand Birds Online
786:Yellow-eyed penguins on
560:Distribution and habitat
435:Stewart Island / Rakiura
345:, trenches, or tunnels.
327:Stewart Island / Rakiura
6247:Birds described in 1841
4903:South Island saddleback
4891:North Island saddleback
4867:Orange-fronted parakeet
4639:North Island brown kiwi
2918:White-flippered penguin
2874:(brush-tailed penguins)
854:diphtheritic stomatitis
534:yellow-eyed penguin at
368:Jacques Bernard Hombron
5451:
5434:
5422:
5405:
5393:
5351:
5329:
5292:
5275:
5238:
5226:
5214:
5189:
5177:
5155:
5118:
5096:
5069:
5057:
5040:
5028:
5016:
4999:
4982:
4970:
4943:
4931:
4919:
4907:
4895:
4883:
4871:
4859:
4842:
4830:
4818:
4814:New Zealand fairy tern
4781:
4769:
4757:
4745:
4718:
4701:
4679:
4667:
4655:
4643:
4631:
4619:
4585:
4573:
4561:
4549:
4545:Variable oystercatcher
4532:
4520:
4508:
4496:
4484:
4472:
4460:
4443:
4431:
4409:
4397:
4380:
4368:
4356:
4344:
4332:
4320:
4308:
4296:
4284:
4272:
4260:
4248:
4236:
2650:The New Zealand Herald
2560:"Yellow-eyed Penguins"
2081:New Zealand Geographic
1461:10.1098/rspb.2008.1246
831:
812:Endangered Species Act
790:
705:
668:
573:
539:
465:University of Adelaide
6189:Paleobiology Database
6048:Paleobiology Database
5813:Paleobiology Database
5442:New Zealand musk duck
5389:Scarlett's shearwater
5266:South Island adzebill
5261:North Island adzebill
5151:Erect-crested penguin
4995:Chatham oystercatcher
4826:New Zealand king shag
4468:New Zealand rock wren
3012:Erect-crested penguin
2757:"Yellow-eyed Penguin"
2357:Other Penguin Species
1880:Richdale, L. (1957).
1797:Marion, Remi (1999).
1601:Nature Communications
1572:10.1093/molbev/msz017
1299:Checklist Committee,
1249:28 March 2024 at the
1027:"Yellow-eyed penguin"
906:Farce of the Penguins
825:
785:
696:
658:
567:
530:
295:species in the genus
5857:Megadyptes-antipodes
5557:megadyptes-antipodes
5543:Megadyptes antipodes
5513:Megadyptes antipodes
5092:Antipodean albatross
5082:Subantarctic islands
4405:New Zealand dotterel
4304:Double-banded plover
4216:Birds of New Zealand
2652:. 10 November 2019.
2162:Animal Diversity Web
1849:"Introduced Mammals"
1746:on 29 September 2019
1205:GigaScience Database
963:Megadyptes antipodes
931:Fauna of New Zealand
898:Dunedin City Council
276:Megadyptes antipodes
203:Megadyptes antipodes
35:Yellow-eyed penguin
5769:yellow-eyed-penguin
5401:North Island takahē
5276:rakiraki maungahuka
5222:New Zealand bittern
5210:South Island piopio
5163:Reischek's parakeet
4809:South Island kōkako
4804:North Island kōkako
4692:South Island takahē
4675:Yellow-eyed penguin
4663:Southern brown kiwi
4627:Little spotted kiwi
3472:Palaeospheniscinae
2975:Yellow-eyed penguin
2486:Kerrie Waterworth,
2362:10 May 2009 at the
2203:2017FrEE...15..437T
2003:2009MolEc..18.2390B
1930:www.adelaide.edu.au
1613:2022NatCo..13.3912C
826:Penguin calling at
755:Nototodarus sloanii
734:Pseudophycis bachus
461:University of Otago
271:yellow-eyed penguin
64:Conservation status
6108:Megadyptes waitaha
6078:Megadyptes waitaha
5369:South Island snipe
5364:North Island snipe
5185:Subantarctic snipe
5136:Campbell albatross
5126:Antipodes parakeet
5070:kawau o rangihaute
4741:Black-fronted tern
4615:Great spotted kiwi
4557:White-fronted tern
4422:North Island robin
4417:South Island robin
4376:Long-tailed cuckoo
4316:New Zealand falcon
3126:Austrodyptornithes
2995:(crested penguins)
2940:Magellanic penguin
2759:. Photo Volcaniaca
2715:Megadyptes waitaha
2493:6 May 2008 at the
2382:6 May 2008 at the
1419:. 19 November 2008
1270:Megadyptes waitaha
1257:112 (2015): 59–65.
1110:10.7717/peerj.3272
832:
791:
750:Sprattus antipodum
718:Argentina elongata
706:
669:
637:. There is little
574:
540:
337:. Colonies on the
283:, is a species of
55:Southland District
6204:
6203:
6176:Open Tree of Life
6035:Open Tree of Life
5800:Open Tree of Life
5505:Taxon identifiers
5462:
5461:
5413:New Zealand goose
5234:New Zealand quail
4978:Chatham albatross
4697:Fiordland penguin
4439:Paradise shelduck
4427:New Zealand scaup
4364:Sacred kingfisher
4352:Grey-faced petrel
4244:Black-billed gull
4182:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4165:
4164:
3813:Tytthostonychidae
3701:Procellariiformes
3690:
3689:
3677:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3557:Archaeospheniscus
3418:Palaeoapterodytes
3046:
3045:
3002:Fiordland penguin
2950:Galapagos penguin
2933:(banded penguins)
2905:(little penguins)
2886:Chinstrap penguin
2517:: 2–3. May 2022.
2375:Gwyneth Hyndman,
1997:(11): 2390–2400.
1991:Molecular Ecology
1781:978-1-4200-6444-5
1528:Otago Daily Times
1455:(1658): 815–821.
1319:978-1-877385-59-9
726:Parapercis colias
694:
291:. It is the sole
279:), known also as
267:
266:
185:M. antipodes
87:
16:(Redirected from
6274:
6197:
6196:
6184:
6183:
6171:
6170:
6161:
6160:
6151:
6150:
6138:
6137:
6125:
6124:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6097:
6096:
6095:
6069:
6068:
6056:
6055:
6043:
6042:
6030:
6029:
6020:
6019:
6007:
6006:
5994:
5993:
5981:
5980:
5968:
5967:
5955:
5954:
5942:
5941:
5929:
5928:
5916:
5915:
5903:
5902:
5901:
5888:
5887:
5886:
5860:
5859:
5847:
5846:
5834:
5833:
5821:
5820:
5808:
5807:
5795:
5794:
5782:
5781:
5772:
5771:
5762:
5761:
5749:
5748:
5736:
5735:
5723:
5722:
5710:
5709:
5697:
5696:
5684:
5683:
5671:
5670:
5658:
5657:
5648:
5647:
5635:
5634:
5622:
5621:
5609:
5608:
5596:
5595:
5583:
5582:
5573:
5572:
5570:9DF071658AA8F875
5560:
5559:
5547:
5546:
5545:
5532:
5531:
5530:
5500:
5491:
5490:
5489:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5470:
5454:
5447:New Zealand swan
5437:
5425:
5408:
5396:
5354:
5332:
5300:Long-billed wren
5295:
5278:
5241:
5229:
5217:
5192:
5180:
5158:
5121:
5099:
5072:
5060:
5043:
5031:
5019:
5007:Chatham parakeet
5002:
4990:Chatham gerygone
4985:
4973:
4946:
4934:
4922:
4910:
4898:
4886:
4874:
4862:
4845:
4833:
4821:
4784:
4772:
4760:
4748:
4721:
4704:
4682:
4670:
4658:
4646:
4634:
4622:
4600:
4588:
4576:
4564:
4552:
4535:
4523:
4511:
4499:
4487:
4475:
4463:
4446:
4434:
4412:
4400:
4383:
4371:
4359:
4347:
4335:
4323:
4311:
4299:
4287:
4280:Buff-banded rail
4275:
4263:
4251:
4239:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4186:
4173:
4139:
4108:
4056:
4025:
3920:
3903:
3879:
3869:
3852:
3842:
3811:
3788:
3758:
3743:
3732:
3722:
3709:
3696:
3685:
3640:
3530:
3502:Paraptenodytinae
3500:
3488:Palaeospheniscus
3470:
3465:
3455:
3445:
3438:Pseudaptenodytes
3435:
3425:
3415:
3405:
3395:
3385:
3375:
3365:
3355:
3345:
3335:
3325:
3315:
3292:
3282:
3272:
3262:
3252:
3242:
3232:
3222:
3212:
3202:
3192:
3182:
3172:
3162:
3149:
3136:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3050:
3032:Macaroni penguin
2945:Humboldt penguin
2848:(great penguins)
2796:
2789:
2782:
2773:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2696:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2669:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2594:www.rbnz.govt.nz
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2539:
2512:
2504:
2498:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2467:
2431:
2425:
2412:
2406:
2393:
2387:
2373:
2367:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2324:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2294:
2288:
2287:
2269:
2263:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2238:
2237:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2211:10.1002/fee.1529
2185:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2112:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2037:
2031:
2030:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1955:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1892:
1886:
1885:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1861:on 22 March 2016
1860:
1854:. Archived from
1853:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1815:
1809:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1742:. Archived from
1732:
1723:
1722:
1696:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1652:
1634:
1624:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1574:
1550:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1480:
1440:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1407:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1358:. Archived from
1348:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1328:
1311:
1296:
1287:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1264:
1258:
1240:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1175:
1144:Argilla, Lisa S.
1139:
1133:
1132:
1122:
1112:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1058:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1023:
996:
995:
993:
991:
986:
956:
918:Bird of the Year
710:demersal species
695:
608:M. a. richdalei,
437:and part of the
431:Campbell Islands
372:Honoré Jacquinot
351:local extinction
335:Campbell Islands
331:Auckland Islands
258:
247:
240:
205:
102:
101:
81:
76:
75:
44:
32:
21:
6282:
6281:
6277:
6276:
6275:
6273:
6272:
6271:
6242:Otago Peninsula
6207:
6206:
6205:
6200:
6192:
6187:
6179:
6174:
6166:
6164:
6158:waitaha-penguin
6156:
6154:
6146:
6141:
6133:
6128:
6120:
6115:
6106:
6105:
6100:
6091:
6090:
6085:
6072:
6064:
6059:
6051:
6046:
6038:
6033:
6025:
6023:
6015:
6010:
6002:
5997:
5989:
5984:
5976:
5971:
5963:
5958:
5950:
5945:
5937:
5932:
5924:
5919:
5911:
5906:
5897:
5896:
5891:
5882:
5881:
5876:
5863:
5855:
5850:
5842:
5837:
5829:
5824:
5816:
5811:
5803:
5798:
5790:
5785:
5777:
5775:
5767:
5765:
5757:
5752:
5744:
5739:
5731:
5726:
5718:
5713:
5705:
5700:
5692:
5687:
5679:
5674:
5666:
5661:
5653:
5651:
5643:
5638:
5630:
5625:
5617:
5612:
5604:
5599:
5591:
5586:
5578:
5576:
5568:
5563:
5555:
5550:
5541:
5540:
5535:
5526:
5525:
5520:
5507:
5497:
5487:
5485:
5475:
5473:
5465:
5463:
5458:
5342:Waitaha penguin
5337:Chatham penguin
5202:
5196:
5084:
5076:
4958:
4956:Chatham Islands
4950:
4879:Red-billed gull
4872:kākāriki karaka
4733:
4731:
4725:
4607:
4601:
4592:
4224:
4218:
4213:
4183:
4174:
4161:
3996:
3976:
3928:
3827:
3804:
3781:
3751:
3703:
3686:
3669:
3604:
3533:Palaeeudyptinae
3523:
3493:
3463:
3398:Marambiornopsis
3300:
3143:
3141:Sphenisciformes
3130:
3092:
3077:
3047:
3042:
3037:Chatham penguin
2985:
2980:Waitaha penguin
2959:
2955:African penguin
2923:
2895:
2881:Adélie penguin
2864:
2860:Emperor penguin
2838:
2820:
2805:
2800:
2762:
2760:
2754:
2745:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2709:
2704:
2694:
2692:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2667:
2665:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2629:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2603:
2601:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2573:
2571:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2495:Wayback Machine
2485:
2481:
2450:(3): e0032021.
2438:Corynebacterium
2433:
2432:
2428:
2422:Wayback Machine
2413:
2409:
2403:Wayback Machine
2394:
2390:
2384:Wayback Machine
2374:
2370:
2364:Wayback Machine
2355:
2351:
2341:
2339:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2311:
2309:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2257:
2253:
2248:
2241:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2172:
2170:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2125:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2088:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2059:
2057:
2039:
2038:
2034:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1957:
1956:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1909:
1907:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1832:
1830:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1767:
1766:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1711:
1698:
1697:
1688:
1678:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1552:
1551:
1542:
1532:
1530:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1506:
1504:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1442:
1441:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1409:
1408:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1365:
1363:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1309:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1251:Wayback Machine
1241:
1232:
1222:
1220:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1075:
1073:
1066:www.doc.govt.nz
1060:
1059:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1025:
1024:
999:
989:
987:
958:
957:
953:
949:
927:
886:
862:
845:Corynebacterium
836:Otago Peninsula
820:
788:Otago Peninsula
780:
703:Otago Peninsula
684:
682:
661:Otago Peninsula
653:
648:
623:Banks Peninsula
593:Waitaha penguin
578:M. a. antipodes
562:
544:M. a. antipodes
525:
516:Chatham Islands
512:M. a. richdalei
449:Waitaha penguin
433:, it colonised
420:M. a. antipodes
416:
364:
339:Otago Peninsula
310:Eudyptula minor
248:
241:
232:
218:
207:
201:
188:
151:Sphenisciformes
96:
88:
77:
73:
66:
28:
23:
22:
18:Waitaha penguin
15:
12:
11:
5:
6280:
6278:
6270:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6209:
6208:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6198:
6185:
6172:
6162:
6152:
6139:
6126:
6113:
6098:
6082:
6080:
6074:
6073:
6071:
6070:
6057:
6044:
6031:
6021:
6008:
5995:
5982:
5969:
5956:
5943:
5930:
5917:
5904:
5889:
5873:
5871:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5861:
5848:
5835:
5822:
5809:
5796:
5783:
5773:
5763:
5750:
5737:
5724:
5711:
5698:
5685:
5672:
5659:
5649:
5636:
5623:
5610:
5597:
5584:
5574:
5561:
5548:
5533:
5517:
5515:
5509:
5508:
5503:
5496:
5495:
5483:
5460:
5459:
5457:
5456:
5444:
5439:
5427:
5415:
5410:
5398:
5386:
5384:Imber's petrel
5381:
5376:
5374:Forbes's snipe
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5347:Eyles' harrier
5344:
5339:
5334:
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5285:
5280:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5231:
5219:
5206:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5182:
5173:Snares penguin
5170:
5165:
5160:
5156:tawaki nana hī
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5088:
5086:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5062:
5053:Magenta petrel
5050:
5045:
5033:
5024:Chatham pigeon
5021:
5012:Chatham petrel
5009:
5004:
4992:
4987:
4975:
4962:
4960:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4948:
4936:
4924:
4912:
4900:
4888:
4876:
4864:
4852:
4847:
4835:
4823:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4774:
4762:
4750:
4737:
4735:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4711:
4706:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4672:
4660:
4648:
4636:
4624:
4611:
4609:
4603:
4602:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4590:
4578:
4566:
4554:
4542:
4537:
4525:
4513:
4501:
4489:
4480:Shining cuckoo
4477:
4465:
4453:
4448:
4436:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4402:
4390:
4385:
4373:
4361:
4349:
4337:
4325:
4313:
4301:
4289:
4277:
4265:
4253:
4241:
4228:
4226:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4189:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4152:
4145:
4142:Pterodromoides
4135:
4128:
4125:Pseudobulweria
4121:
4114:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4021:
4014:
4006:
4004:
4002:Procellariidae
3998:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3986:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3938:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3916:
3909:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3875:
3865:
3858:
3848:
3837:
3835:
3829:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3817:
3815:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3794:
3792:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3772:
3764:
3762:
3760:Diomedeoididae
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3739:
3728:
3717:
3715:
3713:incertae sedis
3705:
3704:
3699:
3692:
3691:
3688:
3687:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3636:
3629:
3622:
3614:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3543:Anthropodyptes
3538:
3536:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3518:Paraptenodytes
3514:
3506:
3504:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3484:
3476:
3474:
3462:
3461:
3451:
3441:
3431:
3421:
3411:
3401:
3391:
3381:
3371:
3361:
3351:
3341:
3331:
3321:
3310:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3288:
3278:
3268:
3258:
3248:
3238:
3228:
3218:
3208:
3198:
3188:
3178:
3168:
3157:
3155:
3153:incertae sedis
3145:
3144:
3139:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3122:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3053:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3040:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3007:Snares penguin
3004:
2998:
2996:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2977:
2971:
2969:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2936:
2934:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2915:
2912:Little penguin
2908:
2906:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2891:Gentoo penguin
2888:
2883:
2877:
2875:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2851:
2849:
2840:
2839:
2832:
2830:
2822:
2821:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2752:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2708:
2707:External links
2705:
2703:
2702:
2675:
2637:
2611:
2581:
2551:
2499:
2479:
2426:
2407:
2388:
2368:
2349:
2319:
2289:
2282:
2264:
2251:
2239:
2216:
2197:(8): 437–441.
2180:
2148:
2139:
2098:
2067:
2052:(1): 299–319.
2032:
1980:
1947:
1917:
1887:
1872:
1840:
1810:
1787:
1780:
1757:
1740:Penguin Rescue
1724:
1709:
1686:
1664:
1586:
1565:(4): 784–797.
1540:
1514:
1492:
1430:
1399:
1373:
1362:on 22 May 2022
1340:
1318:
1288:
1259:
1230:
1213:10.5524/102172
1187:
1134:
1083:
1048:
997:
950:
948:
945:
944:
943:
938:
933:
926:
923:
922:
921:
914:
911:global warming
901:
894:
885:
882:
861:
858:
819:
816:
779:
776:
681:
678:
652:
649:
647:
644:
619:Codfish Island
617:/ Rakiura and
615:Stewart Island
561:
558:
524:
521:
520:
519:
509:
442:
415:
412:
383:little penguin
363:
360:
306:little penguin
265:
264:
260:
259:
251:
250:
225:
224:
220:
219:
208:
197:
196:
190:
189:
182:
180:
176:
175:
168:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
90:
89:
71:
68:
67:
62:
59:
58:
57:, New Zealand
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6279:
6268:
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6253:
6250:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6214:
6212:
6195:
6190:
6186:
6182:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6149:
6144:
6140:
6136:
6131:
6127:
6123:
6118:
6114:
6109:
6103:
6099:
6094:
6088:
6084:
6083:
6081:
6079:
6075:
6067:
6062:
6058:
6054:
6049:
6045:
6041:
6036:
6032:
6028:
6022:
6018:
6013:
6009:
6005:
6000:
5996:
5992:
5987:
5983:
5979:
5974:
5970:
5966:
5961:
5957:
5953:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5935:
5931:
5927:
5922:
5918:
5914:
5909:
5905:
5900:
5894:
5890:
5885:
5879:
5875:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5866:
5858:
5853:
5849:
5845:
5840:
5836:
5832:
5827:
5823:
5819:
5814:
5810:
5806:
5801:
5797:
5793:
5788:
5784:
5780:
5774:
5770:
5764:
5760:
5755:
5751:
5747:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5716:
5712:
5708:
5703:
5699:
5695:
5690:
5686:
5682:
5677:
5673:
5669:
5664:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5646:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5628:
5624:
5620:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5602:
5598:
5594:
5589:
5585:
5581:
5575:
5571:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5553:
5549:
5544:
5538:
5534:
5529:
5523:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5514:
5510:
5506:
5501:
5494:
5484:
5482:
5472:
5468:
5453:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5436:
5431:
5428:
5424:
5419:
5418:Finsch's duck
5416:
5414:
5411:
5407:
5402:
5399:
5395:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5353:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5331:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5294:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5277:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5251:Haast's eagle
5249:
5247:
5244:
5240:
5235:
5232:
5228:
5223:
5220:
5216:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5199:
5191:
5186:
5183:
5179:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5157:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5146:Campbell teal
5144:
5142:
5141:Campbell shag
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5120:
5119:tētē kākāriki
5115:
5114:Auckland teal
5112:
5110:
5109:Auckland shag
5107:
5105:
5104:Auckland rail
5102:
5098:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5087:
5083:
5079:
5071:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5048:Chatham snipe
5046:
5042:
5037:
5034:
5030:
5025:
5022:
5018:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5001:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4984:
4979:
4976:
4972:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4961:
4957:
4953:
4945:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4928:
4925:
4921:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4904:
4901:
4897:
4892:
4889:
4885:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4868:
4865:
4861:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4844:
4839:
4836:
4832:
4827:
4824:
4820:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4783:
4778:
4775:
4771:
4766:
4763:
4759:
4754:
4751:
4747:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4732:endemic birds
4728:
4720:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4681:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4664:
4661:
4657:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4640:
4637:
4633:
4632:kiwi pukupuku
4628:
4625:
4621:
4616:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4604:
4599:
4587:
4582:
4579:
4575:
4570:
4567:
4563:
4558:
4555:
4551:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4534:
4529:
4526:
4522:
4517:
4514:
4510:
4505:
4502:
4498:
4493:
4490:
4486:
4485:pīpīwharauroa
4481:
4478:
4474:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4445:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4411:
4406:
4403:
4399:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4382:
4377:
4374:
4370:
4365:
4362:
4358:
4353:
4350:
4346:
4341:
4338:
4334:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4317:
4314:
4310:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4293:
4290:
4286:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4257:
4256:Brown creeper
4254:
4250:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4221:
4217:
4210:
4205:
4203:
4198:
4196:
4191:
4190:
4187:
4172:
4158:
4157:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4143:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4113:
4112:
4105:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4022:
4020:
4019:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3908:
3907:
3900:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3856:
3849:
3847:
3846:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3807:
3801:
3800:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3697:
3693:
3684:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3654:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3628:
3627:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3616:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3592:Palaeeudyptes
3589:
3587:
3586:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3526:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3503:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3477:
3475:
3473:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3458:Tereingaornis
3452:
3450:
3449:
3442:
3440:
3439:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3338:Duntroonornis
3332:
3330:
3329:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3296:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3137:
3133:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3074:
3069:
3067:
3062:
3060:
3055:
3054:
3051:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3027:Royal penguin
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2926:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2785:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2758:
2753:
2738:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2691:. New Zealand
2690:
2686:
2679:
2676:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2569:
2565:
2564:Penguin Pedia
2561:
2555:
2552:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2483:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2466:
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2430:
2427:
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2400:
2397:
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2378:
2372:
2369:
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2358:
2353:
2350:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2285:
2279:
2275:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2255:
2252:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2220:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2184:
2181:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2099:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2071:
2068:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2036:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1984:
1981:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1891:
1888:
1883:
1876:
1873:
1857:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1808:
1807:0-8069-4232-0
1804:
1800:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1710:9780143570929
1706:
1702:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1632:11250/3049871
1628:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1541:
1529:
1525:
1518:
1515:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1388:
1384:
1377:
1374:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1325:
1321:
1315:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1084:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
998:
985:
980:
976:
972:
971:
966:
964:
955:
952:
946:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
928:
924:
919:
915:
912:
908:
907:
902:
899:
895:
892:
888:
887:
883:
881:
879:
875:
871:
867:
859:
857:
855:
851:
847:
846:
841:
837:
830:, New Zealand
829:
824:
817:
815:
813:
808:
806:
801:
798:
796:
795:IUCN Red List
789:
784:
777:
775:
772:
766:
764:
762:
757:
756:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
704:
700:
679:
677:
673:
667:, New Zealand
666:
662:
657:
650:
645:
643:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
611:
609:
604:
602:
598:
594:
591:
587:
583:
579:
572:, New Zealand
571:
566:
559:
557:
554:
551:
547:
545:
538:, New Zealand
537:
533:
529:
522:
517:
513:
510:
507:
503:
499:
498:M. a. waitaha
495:
491:
487:
482:
478:
474:
471:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:M. a. waitaha
443:
440:
436:
432:
428:
425:
421:
418:
417:
413:
411:
409:
405:
401:
398:
394:
393:Mitochondrial
390:
389:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
361:
359:
356:
352:
346:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
323:
321:
317:
316:
311:
307:
302:
300:
299:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
277:
272:
261:
257:
252:
249:
244:
237:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
212:
206:
204:
198:
195:
194:Binomial name
191:
187:
186:
181:
178:
177:
174:
173:
169:
166:
165:
162:
159:
156:
155:
152:
149:
146:
145:
142:
139:
136:
135:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
119:
116:
115:
112:
109:
106:
105:
100:
95:
91:
85:
80:
69:
65:
60:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
6222:Spheniscinae
6077:
5868:
5512:
5325:Laughing owl
5320:Chatham kākā
5315:Lyall's wren
5168:Snares snipe
5036:Chatham shag
4915:Shore plover
4789:Foveaux shag
4714:Blue penguin
4674:
4651:Okarito kiwi
4516:Spotted shag
4444:pūtangitangi
4340:Grey warbler
4154:
4147:
4140:
4130:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4101:Pelecanoides
4099:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4028:Argyrodyptes
4026:
4016:
4009:
3989:
3982:Hydrobatidae
3969:
3962:
3957:Nesofregetta
3955:
3948:
3941:
3921:
3913:Thalassarche
3911:
3904:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3870:
3860:
3853:
3843:
3822:Tytthostonyx
3820:
3797:
3774:
3769:Diomedeoides
3767:
3744:
3733:
3723:
3712:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3641:
3631:
3624:
3617:
3610:Spheniscinae
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3571:Marambiornis
3569:
3564:Delphinornis
3562:
3555:
3550:Anthropornis
3548:
3541:
3516:
3509:
3486:
3479:
3456:
3446:
3436:
3426:
3416:
3408:Marplesornis
3406:
3396:
3386:
3376:
3366:
3356:
3346:
3336:
3326:
3316:
3306:Spheniscidae
3293:
3283:
3273:
3265:Sequiwaimanu
3263:
3253:
3243:
3233:
3223:
3213:
3203:
3193:
3183:
3175:Aprosdokitos
3173:
3163:
3152:
3118:Infraclass:
2990:
2974:
2964:
2928:
2900:
2869:
2855:King penguin
2843:
2833:
2825:
2761:. Retrieved
2744:. Retrieved
2714:
2695:17 September
2693:. Retrieved
2689:The Guardian
2688:
2678:
2666:. Retrieved
2649:
2640:
2628:. Retrieved
2614:
2604:29 September
2602:. Retrieved
2593:
2584:
2572:. Retrieved
2563:
2554:
2542:. Retrieved
2514:
2502:
2482:
2447:
2443:
2437:
2429:
2410:
2391:
2371:
2352:
2342:29 September
2340:. Retrieved
2331:
2322:
2312:29 September
2310:. Retrieved
2301:
2292:
2273:
2267:
2254:
2225:
2219:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2171:. Retrieved
2160:
2151:
2142:
2130:. Retrieved
2118:
2114:
2101:
2089:. Retrieved
2080:
2070:
2058:. Retrieved
2049:
2045:
2035:
1994:
1990:
1983:
1973:29 September
1971:. Retrieved
1962:
1938:. Retrieved
1929:
1920:
1910:29 September
1908:. Retrieved
1899:
1890:
1881:
1875:
1863:. Retrieved
1856:the original
1843:
1833:29 September
1831:. Retrieved
1822:
1813:
1798:
1772:
1769:
1750:29 September
1748:. Retrieved
1744:the original
1739:
1700:
1677:. Retrieved
1667:
1604:
1600:
1589:
1562:
1558:
1531:. Retrieved
1527:
1517:
1505:. Retrieved
1495:
1452:
1448:
1421:. Retrieved
1414:
1390:. Retrieved
1386:
1376:
1364:. Retrieved
1360:the original
1355:
1331:. Retrieved
1305:
1279:. Retrieved
1276:nztcs.org.nz
1275:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1221:. Retrieved
1204:
1198:
1190:
1155:
1151:
1137:
1100:
1096:
1086:
1076:29 September
1074:. Retrieved
1065:
1041:27 September
1039:. Retrieved
1030:
988:. Retrieved
974:
968:
962:
954:
904:
863:
843:
833:
809:
802:
799:
792:
778:Conservation
767:
759:
753:
749:
741:
733:
725:
717:
707:
674:
670:
612:
607:
605:
596:
586:subantarctic
577:
575:
568:Juvenile in
555:
552:
548:
543:
541:
511:
501:
497:
493:
486:Māori people
481:subantarctic
453:North Island
448:
444:
439:South Island
424:subantarctic
419:
403:
386:
378:
376:
365:
347:
324:
313:
309:
303:
297:
296:
280:
275:
274:
270:
268:
242:
233:
229:
228:
202:
200:
184:
183:
171:
161:Spheniscidae
29:
6130:iNaturalist
6102:Wikispecies
5973:iNaturalist
5893:Wikispecies
5826:SeaLifeBase
5689:iNaturalist
5537:Wikispecies
5493:New Zealand
5435:ruru hinapō
5131:Bounty shag
4966:Black robin
4753:Black stilt
4586:ngutuparore
4550:tōrea pango
4461:tītipounamu
4410:tūturiwhatu
4285:moho-pererū
4156:Thalassoica
4118:Procellaria
4080:Macronectes
4042:Calonectris
3971:Pelagodroma
3934:Oceanitidae
3889:Phoebastria
3833:Diomedeidae
3790:Marinavidae
3735:Lonchodytes
3643:Madrynornis
3619:Aptenodytes
3599:Platydyptes
3585:Pachydyptes
3578:Mesetaornis
3511:Arthrodytes
3318:Crossvallia
3255:Petradyptes
3235:Orthopteryx
3215:Muriwaimanu
3165:Arthrodytes
3089:albatrosses
2845:Aptenodytes
2755:Roscoe, R.
2668:17 November
2173:2 September
1607:(1): 3912.
1533:20 November
1423:20 November
1392:21 November
1152:GigaScience
990:12 November
840:North Otago
805:the Catlins
761:Nyctiphanes
714:silversides
627:North Otago
570:The Catlins
523:Description
320:piscivorous
289:New Zealand
287:endemic to
223:Subspecies
6211:Categories
5913:Megadyptes
5899:Megadyptes
5869:Megadyptes
5852:Xeno-canto
5423:manutahora
5379:Snipe-rail
5293:mātuhituhi
4939:Yellowhead
4927:Stitchbird
4855:Otago shag
4843:takahikare
4730:Endangered
4606:Flightless
4521:pārekareka
4333:pīwakawaka
4268:Brown teal
4132:Pterodroma
4111:Primodroma
4087:Pachyptila
4059:Eopuffinus
4011:Aphrodroma
3991:Hydrobates
3896:Phoebetria
3882:Notoleptos
3855:Diomedavus
3845:Aldiomedes
3776:Rupelornis
3664:Spheniscus
3657:Pygoscelis
3650:Megadyptes
3448:Tasidyptes
3428:Perudyptes
3295:Wimanornis
3275:Tonniornis
3245:Pakudyptes
3225:Nucleornis
3120:Neognathae
3079:Genera of
2966:Megadyptes
2930:Spheniscus
2871:Pygoscelis
2544:28 October
2283:0670893706
1819:"Moulting"
1679:2 December
1507:2 December
1223:27 October
947:References
884:In culture
850:diphtheria
597:M. waitaha
494:M. waitaha
414:Subspecies
379:Megadyptes
298:Megadyptes
172:Megadyptes
79:Endangered
5178:pokotiwha
5065:Pitt shag
4920:tūturuatu
4884:tarāpunga
4831:kawau tūī
4765:Blue duck
4746:tarapiroe
4574:pōpokotea
4569:Whitehead
4492:Silvereye
4094:Pagodroma
4073:Halobaena
3964:Oceanites
3906:Plotornis
3799:Marinavis
3725:Kievornis
3633:Eudyptula
3481:Eretiscus
3358:Icadyptes
3100:Kingdom:
3039:(extinct)
2982:(extinct)
2902:Eudyptula
2746:4 October
2658:1170-0777
2531:378525263
2523:1179-2981
2189:videos".
2060:7 January
2027:205361804
1719:946520191
1641:2041-1723
1469:0962-8452
1103:: e3272.
828:Curio Bay
763:australis
646:Behaviour
639:gene flow
374:in 1841.
215:Jacquinot
179:Species:
117:Kingdom:
111:Eukaryota
51:Curio Bay
6267:Penguins
6087:Wikidata
5884:Q2726035
5878:Wikidata
5746:22697800
5707:11021683
5593:22697800
5588:BirdLife
5577:BioLib:
5522:Wikidata
5288:Bushwren
5190:tutukiwi
4819:tara-iti
4777:Fernbird
4734:(flying)
4533:miromiro
4473:pīwauwau
4456:Rifleman
4398:pīhoihoi
4345:riroriro
4321:kārearea
4309:pohowera
4292:Dabchick
4249:tarāpuka
4237:korimako
4232:Bellbird
4149:Puffinus
4066:Fulmarus
4035:Bulweria
3950:Garrodia
3943:Fregetta
3872:Murunkus
3862:Diomedea
3746:Makahala
3626:Eudyptes
3378:Inkayacu
3205:Kupoupou
3195:Kumimanu
3108:Chordata
3106:Phylum:
3102:Animalia
3081:penguins
2992:Eudyptes
2803:Penguins
2763:13 April
2662:Archived
2630:14 March
2624:Archived
2598:Archived
2568:Archived
2535:Archived
2491:Archived
2474:34100641
2444:mSystems
2418:Archived
2399:Archived
2380:Archived
2360:Archived
2336:Archived
2306:Archived
2167:Archived
2123:Archived
2115:Notornis
2085:Archived
2054:Archived
2046:Notornis
2019:19457203
1967:Archived
1940:22 April
1934:Archived
1904:Archived
1900:Sciblogs
1827:Archived
1659:35853876
1581:30722030
1487:19019791
1416:BBC News
1324:Archived
1303:(2010).
1272:. NZTCS"
1247:Archived
1217:Archived
1182:31531675
1129:28533952
1070:Archived
1035:Archived
925:See also
738:opalfish
722:blue cod
701:off the
699:opalfish
651:Breeding
475:(tribe)
427:Auckland
404:Eudyptes
388:Eudyptes
362:Taxonomy
315:Eudyptes
157:Family:
131:Chordata
127:Phylum:
121:Animalia
107:Domain:
84:IUCN 3.1
6122:8553313
6093:Q862887
5991:1308525
5965:2481631
5681:2481632
5668:1049615
5645:yeepen1
5619:yeepen1
5565:Avibase
5528:Q206654
5467:Portals
5352:kērangi
5227:kaoriki
5201:Extinct
5017:ranguru
4668:tokoeka
4581:Wrybill
4432:pāpango
4381:koekoeā
4328:Fantail
4049:Daption
4018:Ardenna
3388:Kairuku
3285:Waimanu
3124:Clade:
3112:Class:
3085:petrels
2835:Species
2465:8269222
2199:Bibcode
2132:22 July
2121:: 152.
2091:17 July
1999:Bibcode
1650:9296559
1609:Bibcode
1478:2664357
1387:Reuters
1281:3 April
1173:6904868
1120:5436559
878:Dunedin
874:Moeraki
860:Tourism
838:and in
818:Threats
771:benthic
736:), and
730:red cod
680:Feeding
665:Dunedin
631:Catlins
590:endemic
532:Molting
477:Waitaha
397:nuclear
285:penguin
217:, 1841)
211:Hombron
167:Genus:
147:Order:
137:Class:
82: (
6194:173580
6181:917663
6165:NZOR:
6155:NZBO:
6148:577682
6135:631771
6066:225876
6040:929063
6024:NZOR:
6004:174456
5952:104380
5844:225968
5818:143764
5805:429618
5792:225968
5776:NZOR:
5766:NZBO:
5733:174457
5652:ECOS:
5552:ARKive
5394:ōiruki
5330:whēkau
5239:koreke
5215:piopio
4971:karure
4860:Matapo
4782:mātātā
4719:kororā
4702:tawaki
4687:Kākāpō
4528:Tomtit
4497:tauhou
4451:Pūkeko
4388:Kererū
4369:kōtare
4297:weweia
4273:pāteke
4261:pipipi
4223:Common
3368:Inguza
3348:Korora
3185:Kaiika
3087:, and
2817:family
2656:
2574:8 July
2529:
2521:
2472:
2462:
2280:
2025:
2017:
1865:3 July
1805:
1778:
1717:
1707:
1657:
1647:
1639:
1579:
1485:
1475:
1467:
1366:19 May
1333:17 May
1316:
1180:
1170:
1127:
1117:
872:, the
870:Oamaru
536:Oamaru
408:genome
333:, and
293:extant
213:&
6061:WoRMS
6053:39725
6017:37084
5986:IRMNG
5926:52305
5839:WoRMS
5831:73705
5759:37085
5720:75554
5702:IRMNG
5640:eBird
5632:3YTL7
5606:52306
5481:Birds
5452:poūwa
5203:birds
5097:Toroa
5085:birds
5058:tāiko
5041:papua
5029:parea
5000:tōrea
4983:toroa
4959:birds
4944:mōhua
4908:tīeke
4896:tīeke
4680:hoiho
4644:roroa
4620:roroa
4608:birds
4509:tōrea
4393:Pipit
4225:birds
3923:Tydea
2827:Genus
2813:order
2740:(PDF)
2538:(PDF)
2515:Hoiho
2511:(PDF)
2126:(PDF)
2111:(PDF)
2023:S2CID
1859:(PDF)
1852:(PDF)
1327:(PDF)
1310:(PDF)
1158:(9).
1097:PeerJ
866:hides
582:range
470:Māori
343:hides
281:hoiho
6143:NCBI
6117:GBIF
6012:NCBI
5999:ITIS
5978:3830
5960:GBIF
5939:5MNX
5921:BOLD
5787:OBIS
5754:NCBI
5741:IUCN
5728:ITIS
5694:3831
5676:GBIF
5655:4608
5601:BOLD
5580:8358
5406:moho
5246:Huia
4932:hihi
4794:Kākā
4770:whio
4758:kakī
4709:Weka
4656:rowi
4562:tara
3328:Dege
3114:Aves
2765:2008
2748:2007
2697:2024
2670:2019
2654:ISSN
2632:2011
2606:2019
2576:2019
2546:2022
2527:OCLC
2519:ISSN
2470:PMID
2344:2019
2314:2019
2278:ISBN
2175:2023
2134:2021
2093:2021
2062:2024
2015:PMID
1975:2019
1942:2022
1912:2019
1867:2012
1835:2019
1803:ISBN
1776:ISBN
1752:2019
1715:OCLC
1705:ISBN
1681:2008
1655:PMID
1637:ISSN
1577:PMID
1535:2008
1509:2008
1483:PMID
1465:ISSN
1425:2008
1394:2008
1368:2022
1335:2022
1314:ISBN
1283:2023
1225:2023
1178:PMID
1125:PMID
1078:2019
1043:2019
992:2021
975:2020
463:and
429:and
395:and
370:and
269:The
141:Aves
5947:EoL
5934:CoL
5908:ADW
5715:ISC
5663:EoL
5627:CoL
5614:BOW
5256:Moa
4799:Kea
4540:Tūī
2460:PMC
2452:doi
2230:doi
2207:doi
2007:doi
1645:PMC
1627:hdl
1617:doi
1567:doi
1473:PMC
1457:doi
1453:276
1253:".
1209:doi
1168:PMC
1160:doi
1115:PMC
1105:doi
979:doi
728:),
720:),
473:iwi
400:DNA
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