383:
263:
211:
755:
184:
893:
290:(in 1526); the provenance of its name remains uncertain. Medra is mostly likely the original name of Mandara, one letter being obliterated in Leo's Arabic notes. Leo acknowledges the Kingdom of Medra (Mandara) for their good governors and rulers. The inhabitants of Medra are rich and industrious people, visited often, and great lovers of
394:, Mandara's non-Muslim tributaries rose up, and the Fulani attacked once more. By 1850, Borno could not pass up the opportunity to attack the weakened kingdom. This renewed conflict began to sap the kingdom's strength, paving the way for the invasion of
398:
forces in the 1880s. In 1895 or 1896, Muhammad Ahmad's army destroyed Dulo, marking a further decline in
Mandara power. However, the kingdom continued to exist, repelling continual Fulani raids until it finally fell to them in 1893.
413:
into the
Mandara kingdom in February 1823; though he barely escaped with his life following the raiders' defeat, he brought back one of the first European accounts of the kingdom. In 1902, the kingdom was conquered by
378:
against
Mandara. Adama briefly seized Dulo, though the Mandara counterattack soon drove him from the kingdom's borders. Adama's defeat prompted Borno to ally with Mandara once again against the Fulani invaders.
1107:
1039:
Africa being an accurate description of the regions of Ægypt, Barbary, Lybia, and
Billedulgerid, the land of Negroes, Guinee, Æthiopia and the Abyssines by John Ogilby, Esq
921:
358:
in a major battle, further expanding their control in the region. At the peak of her power at the turn of the century, Mandara received tribute from some 15
305:
For the kingdom's first century of history, its rulers warred with neighbouring groups in an effort to expand their territories. After conquering the
1087:
1082:
950:
960:
382:
1097:
1112:
1092:
1012:
1117:
945:
977:
955:
914:
940:
262:
1102:
907:
734:
85:
754:
329:
of Borno personally installed Nanda as king in 1614. Bornu thus attained an influential position over
Mandara.
210:
992:
1013:"Leo Africanus-The History and Description of Africa, Volume 1 | PDF | Morocco | Moors, Page 128 & 199"
410:
355:
318:
1067:
Cameroon
History for Secondary Schools and Colleges: Volume 1: Prehistoric Times to the Nineteenth Century
531:
219:
675:
935:
567:
513:
495:
987:
743:
391:
332:
310:
299:
108:
477:
351:
322:
847:
711:
657:
639:
621:
588:
267:
693:
339:
c. 1715, which it would remain for nearly two hundred years. Muslim visitors converted Bukar to
982:
970:
843:
243:
549:
832:
784:
769:
314:
75:
306:
57:
897:
447:
371:
177:
774:
402:
395:
251:
215:
62:
274:
Tradition states that
Mandara was founded shortly before 1500 by a female ruler named
1076:
287:
422:
in 1918. In 1960, the
Mandara kingdom became a part of newly independent Cameroon.
406:
363:
344:
326:
295:
965:
367:
822:
812:
317:, a war leader, began. When the Dulo made an attempt to seize the throne, the
1037:
350:
The kingdom experienced a golden age of sorts under Bukar and his successor,
283:
302:
in 1570. Leo
Africanus visited the Kingdom of Medra, located in the south.
873:
607:
359:
247:
202:
386:
Sultan Bukar Afade (on horse) with a following of his people, c.1911/15.
802:
415:
291:
17:
419:
336:
239:
381:
375:
340:
261:
209:
89:
354:(1773-1828). Around 1781, the Mandara defeated the kingdom of
347:
of the kingdom would continue for most of the next century.
946:
Colonial heads of
Cameroon British Cameroon (Cameroons)
1108:
States and territories established in the 15th century
362:. However, the kingdom faced a setback in 1809, when
1058:DeLancey, Mark W., and DeLancey, Mark Dike (2000).
951:
Heads of government of British Cameroon (Cameroons)
198:
143:
133:
118:
104:
96:
81:
71:
50:
32:
1060:Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon
961:Heads of government of French Cameroon (Cameroun)
254:are descended from the kingdom's inhabitants.
915:
218:, the capital of Mandara by British explorer
8:
956:Colonial heads of French Cameroon (Cameroun)
409:accompanied a slave-raiding expedition from
978:Colonial heads of German Cameroon (Kamerun)
922:
908:
728:
29:
436:
1004:
863:
792:
761:
742:
731:
298:. The region of Medra is listed on the
282:. The kingdom was first referred to by
325:, a member of Sankre's house. Emperor
142:
132:
117:
113:
7:
1055:. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
1069:. London: Macmillan Education Ltd.
25:
278:and a non-Mandarawa hunter named
1053:The Sultanate of Mandara to 1902
891:
753:
335:, the 25th king, made Mandara a
309:and establishing the capital at
182:
941:Heads of government of Cameroon
1088:Cameroon history-related lists
1083:Cameroonian traditional rulers
1051:Barkindo, Bawuro Mubi (1989).
27:Kingdom in modern-day Cameroon
1:
124:
40:
1098:Countries in medieval Africa
86:Traditional African religion
1113:Former monarchies of Africa
1093:Lists of monarchs in Africa
430:(Dates in italics indicate
1134:
1118:Former countries in Africa
463:
157:
153:
114:
39:
688:May 1924 – 18 March 1942
434:continuation of office)
390:Upon the death of ruler
313:c. 1580, the dynasty of
993:Lists of office-holders
321:supported the claim of
387:
271:
223:
145:• Disestablished
1065:Fanso, V. G. (1989).
385:
265:
220:Edward Francis Finden
213:
72:Common languages
936:Politics of Cameroon
465:Sultanate of Mandara
135:• Islamization
34:Sultanate of Mandara
1103:History of Cameroon
988:Rulers of the Bamum
898:Cameroon portal
438:
300:Africae Tabula Nova
120:• Established
109:Early modern period
848:Southern Cameroons
606:Incorporated into
437:
418:, passing then to
388:
272:
230:(sometimes called
224:
983:Rulers of Mandara
971:The Fon of Batibo
932:
931:
885:
884:
859:
858:
844:British Cameroons
722:
721:
718:
707:
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689:
682:
671:
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653:
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635:
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602:
595:
584:
574:
563:
556:
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538:
527:
520:
509:
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491:
484:
473:
426:Rulers of Mandara
246:of what is today
244:Mandara Mountains
208:
207:
194:
193:
190:
189:
16:(Redirected from
1125:
1044:
1043:
1033:
1027:
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1024:
1023:
1009:
924:
917:
910:
896:
895:
894:
881:
870:
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833:French Cameroons
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785:Kingdom of Bamum
770:Sao civilisation
757:
747:
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471:
439:
396:Muhammad Ahmad's
236:Kingdom of Medra
186:
185:
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158:
129:
126:
45:
42:
30:
21:
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1001:
928:
892:
890:
879:
853:
850:
846:
780:Mandara Kingdom
745:
738:
727:
706:18 March 1942 –
670:1922 – May 1924
428:
372:Usman dan Fodio
307:Dulo (or Duolo)
260:
242:kingdom in the
228:Mandara Kingdom
183:
178:German Cameroon
146:
136:
127:
121:
92:(official 1715)
67:
43:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1131:
1129:
1121:
1120:
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1085:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1063:
1056:
1046:
1045:
1042:. p. 633.
1036:Ogilby, John.
1028:
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1002:
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997:
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995:
990:
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980:
975:
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818:
815:
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808:
805:
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790:
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788:
787:
782:
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775:Kotoko kingdom
772:
764:
763:
759:
758:
750:
749:
740:
739:
732:
726:
723:
720:
719:
708:
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690:
684:
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672:
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654:
648:
647:
636:
630:
629:
618:
612:
611:
603:
597:
596:
585:
576:
575:
568:Bukar Narbanha
564:
558:
557:
546:
540:
539:
532:Bukar D'Gjiama
528:
522:
521:
510:
504:
503:
496:Madi-a Makirza
492:
486:
485:
474:
468:
467:
461:
460:
457:
453:
452:
446:Foundation of
443:
427:
424:
345:Islamicisation
286:(in 1459) and
259:
256:
252:Mandara people
206:
205:
200:
196:
195:
192:
191:
188:
187:
180:
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105:Historical era
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52:
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3:
2:
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906:
905:
903:
902:
899:
889:
888:
877:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
864:Post-colonial
862:
852:
849:
845:
841:
840:
836:
834:
831:
830:
826:
824:
821:
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541:
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423:
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417:
412:
408:
404:
400:
397:
393:
392:Bukai Dgjiama
384:
380:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:Mai Bukar Aji
330:
328:
324:
320:
319:Bornu kingdom
316:
312:
308:
303:
301:
297:
293:
289:
288:Leo Africanus
285:
281:
277:
269:
264:
257:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
221:
217:
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204:
201:
199:Today part of
197:
181:
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176:
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172:
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166:
163:
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160:
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152:
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70:
64:
61:
59:
56:
55:
53:
49:
38:
31:
19:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1038:
1031:
1020:. Retrieved
1016:
1007:
779:
762:Pre-colonial
710:
692:
674:
656:
638:
620:
605:
587:
581:
566:
548:
530:
512:
494:
478:Ma Bukar Aji
476:
464:
445:
431:
429:
407:Dixon Denham
401:
389:
370:disciple of
364:Modibo Adama
352:Bukar Guiana
349:
331:
327:Idris Alaoma
323:Aldawa Nanda
304:
279:
275:
273:
235:
231:
227:
225:
165:Succeeded by
164:
966:Fon (title)
744:History of
712:Hamidu Umar
658:Umar Adjara
640:Bukar Afade
622:Umar Adjara
589:Umar Adjara
270:c. 1911/15.
268:Bukar Afade
214:Arrival at
128: 1500
44: 1500
1077:Categories
1022:2023-10-26
999:References
823:Neukamerun
813:Bafut Wars
694:Kola Adama
514:T'Kse Bldi
456:1500–1715
343:, and the
97:Government
1062:. 3rd ed.
854:1922–1961
837:1918–1960
827:1911–1916
817:1889–1907
807:1884–1919
652:1915–1922
634:1911–1915
616:1902–1911
562:1842–1894
544:1828–1842
526:1773–1828
508:1757–1773
490:1737–1757
472:1715–1737
432:de facto
405:explorer
360:chiefdoms
337:sultanate
284:Fra Mauro
238:) was an
82:Religion
874:Cameroon
793:Colonial
746:Cameroon
735:a series
733:Part of
725:See also
608:Cameroon
374:, led a
248:Cameroon
222:in 1826.
203:Cameroon
100:Monarchy
88:, later
880:present
803:Kamerun
550:Hiassae
450:Kingdom
448:Mandara
416:Germany
403:English
292:justice
266:Sultan
258:History
240:African
234:or the
232:Wandala
76:Mandara
51:Capital
18:Wandala
1017:Scribd
737:on the
717:Sultan
699:Sultan
681:Sultan
663:Sultan
645:Sultan
627:Sultan
594:Sultan
573:Sultan
555:Sultan
537:Sultan
519:Sultan
501:Sultan
483:Sultan
420:France
368:Fulani
315:Sankre
296:equity
276:Soukda
250:. The
878:1961–
676:Amada
580:1894–
442:1500
411:Borno
376:jihad
356:Borno
341:Islam
90:Islam
58:Doulo
46:–1902
601:1902
582:1902
366:, a
311:Dulo
294:and
280:Gaya
226:The
216:Mora
149:1902
139:1715
63:Mora
1079::
1015:.
715:,
697:,
679:,
661:,
643:,
625:,
592:,
571:,
553:,
535:,
517:,
499:,
481:,
459:?
125:c.
41:c.
1025:.
923:e
916:t
909:v
20:)
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