60:
1921:
25:
116:
for the first time in over 200 years. Signifying that the Roman state was no longer at war, this act reportedly pleased
Augustus, then in his 5th Consulship, more than all the other honours showered on him. This allowed him to continue perpetuating the image of himself as the bringer of peace he had
535:
Roman prisoners of war and captured standards are returned, and the acceptance of a more peaceful co-existence between the Romans and
Parthians is established. This is praised as a "bloodless" victory and further cemented the idea in the empire of universal Roman rule being accepted.
454:
Augustus, although in nominal command of the campaign against the
Astures and Callaeci, is incapacitated by illness. The campaign is brought to a successful conclusion, with the last rebels crushed, by the governors of Hispania Citerior and Ulterior, respectively
84:(218–201 BC), when Roman manpower resources were stretched to the limit. This period also saw expansion through diplomacy and annexation, without the direct use of military force. The result was a major expansion of the empire that Augustus inherited from the
272:), as well as a loose protectorate over Ethiopia itself. Despite his success, Gallus incurs Augustus' displeasure by erecting monuments to himself and is recalled to Rome, tried by the Senate and convicted of various unspecified charges and banished.
63:
Extent of the Roman Empire under
Augustus; the yellow legend represents the extent of the Empire in 31 BC, the shades of green represent gradually conquered territories under the reign of Augustus, and pink areas on the map represent
427:
of NW Arabia, whose king Obodas was a Roman ally and contributed 1,000 warriors under his chief secretary, Syllabus. But the latter allegedly sabotaged the mission throughout with poor advice. The force sails by ship from
440:
but suffers heavy losses to storms in transit, so that on arrival, Gallus is forced to spend the rest of the year at Lake Come to give his men a chance to recuperate and to effect repairs to his fleet.
173:. As a result, Augustus would establish the frontiers of the empire for centuries and further instill the idea of being "world-conquerors" in the Roman people from their Mediterranean-centered views.
616:
Drusus led three more campaigns against the
Germanic tribes in the years 11–9 BC. For the campaign of 10 BC, he was celebrated as being the Roman who traveled farthest east into
1774:
1204:
562:
523:
Augustus reaches a settlement that establishes individual rulers of
Cilicia, Emesa, Lesser Arminia, and Commagene, bringing them under Roman influence. Additionally,
331:
people. Although his vanguard is routed by a Moesi sortie, Crassus succeeds in taking the stronghold. After that, he intercepts and routs the
Bastarnae host near the
137:
in Spain. Furthermore, the closure inaugurated nearly half a century of virtually incessant warfare, during which
Augustus dramatically enlarged the Empire, annexing
420:, Eritrea) on the Ethiopian shore. The expedition consists of 10,000 troops including allies, and 130 freight-ships. Gallus was counting on the assistance of the
654:, who in AD 16 launched the final major military expedition by Rome into Germania. The Roman Empire would launch no other major incursion into Germany until
408:, which were greatly prized in Rome. In addition, occupation of Sabaea would give the Romans control of both sides of the entrance to the Red Sea, the
553:
begin to campaign throughout regions in the Alpine territories; securing land, strengthening positions, in preparation for the invasion of
Germania.
1953:
646:
and to prove that Roman military might could still overcome German lands. The last general to lead Roman forces in the region during this time was
347:. Crassus then turns his attention to the Moesi again. After a long and arduous campaign, he forces the submission of the great majority of Moesi.
304:
925:
510:
dies, but
Augustus prevents any of his sons from inheriting the kingdom, instead placing Roman governors in charge of Galatia and Lycaonia
89:
1810:
1741:
1640:
456:
80:(30 BC – AD 14). This was a period of 45 years when almost every year saw major campaigning, in some cases on a scale comparable to the
1605:
1231:
1012:
768:
1899:
1905:
1610:
1869:
1784:
1209:
983:
166:
680:
1874:
216:
109:
59:
1691:
1172:
472:
92:
of Germania ended in defeat despite the enormous deployment of resources involved. As a result of these campaigns, the
1864:
1458:
1448:
1253:
1681:
1433:
1343:
1243:
625:
343:
river, and entrench themselves in a natural strongpoint, he dislodges with the assistance of the local king of the
300:
1652:
1557:
1438:
621:
142:
285:
The Treveri revolt is quelled by the new proconsul of Gaul, C. Nonius Gallus, who is rewarded with the title of
1859:
1769:
1547:
1532:
1453:
1394:
1131:
1881:
1138:
118:
1830:
1582:
1562:
1542:
1470:
1363:
1299:
158:
1625:
1552:
1031:
1005:
240:
236:
76:
are the military campaigns undertaken by the Roman government during the sole rule of the founder-emperor
1589:
1835:
1289:
1284:
255:
39:
260:
1805:
1729:
1443:
1348:
606:
550:
327:) mountains but fails to bring them to battle. He then marches against a major fortress held by the
1664:
1420:
1384:
1891:
1143:
1113:
898:
716:
708:
507:
413:
918:
Conflict in Ancient Greece and Rome: The Definitive Political, Social, and Military Encyclopedia
567:
The Roman campaigns in Germania were a series of conflicts between the Germanic tribes and the
1948:
1926:
1658:
1511:
1506:
1379:
1333:
1328:
1321:
1269:
1197:
998:
921:
890:
764:
700:
1723:
1428:
1294:
1279:
1167:
1126:
1093:
1057:
882:
754:
692:
659:
484:
460:
377:
339:, Bulgaria), personally killing its leader in combat. Those Bastarnae who escape across the
269:
81:
1707:
1358:
1338:
1316:
1192:
655:
617:
578:
573:
38:
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
1800:
1615:
1537:
1483:
1415:
1389:
1274:
1156:
1064:
642:
637:
582:
480:
85:
1942:
1886:
1840:
1717:
1646:
1162:
1121:
1086:
720:
620:. Succeeding generals would continue attacking across the Rhine until AD 16, notably
409:
373:
220:
204:
200:
96:
assumed the borders it would hold, with a few modifications, for its entire history.
640:
stopped as a result, and all campaigns immediately after were in retaliation of the
1713:
1311:
1306:
1248:
1184:
1150:
571:. Tensions between the Germanic tribes and the Romans began as early as 17 BC with
568:
401:
389:
105:
93:
65:
211:
Germans cross the Rhine to give them support. But the Morini are defeated by the
1516:
1498:
1353:
1079:
961:
948:
247:
138:
122:
113:
746:
16:
Military campaigns undertaken by the Romans during the rule of emperor Augustus
1779:
1488:
1478:
759:
647:
894:
704:
1410:
1236:
1072:
421:
336:
320:
287:
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212:
24:
1735:
1051:
1021:
651:
633:
629:
598:
594:
590:
586:
524:
397:
385:
312:
170:
162:
146:
130:
77:
613:
in 13 BC and launched a retaliatory campaign across the Rhine in 12 BC.
902:
492:
476:
381:
308:
251:
196:
150:
134:
126:
712:
360:
Augustus takes personal command of the campaign against the Cantabri.
219:, who goes on to drive out the Suebi, for which he is awarded a joint
957:
870:
496:
340:
324:
316:
192:
154:
916:
Phang, Sara E.; Spence, Iain; Kelly, Douglas; Londey, Peter (2016),
886:
125:
himself points out, there were ongoing major operations against the
696:
264:
under a local petty king to act as a buffer-zone between Egypt and
1686:
628:. During the return trip from his campaign, Varus was betrayed by
610:
488:
424:
417:
405:
393:
344:
328:
208:
58:
602:
433:
323:, which was raiding a Roman allied tribe, back over the Haemus (
244:
994:
601:
responded by rapidly developing military infrastructure across
18:
499:, Murena deports and sells into slavery 44,000 tribespeople.
869:
Phillips, Jane E.; Scott-Kilvert, Ian; Dio, Cassius (1989).
376:(no relation to his predecessor, Cornelius Gallus) leads an
990:
483:
region of the northwestern Alps. The latter controlled the
121:. But the closure could not have been less appropriate. As
751:
The Representation and Perception of Roman Imperial Power
258:
for the first time. He establishes a puppet-state called
254:. Subsequently, he leads a Roman army South of the First
871:"Cassius Dio. The Roman History: The Reign of Augustus"
412:, since Cornelius Gallus had established a garrison at
207:
region of NE France), rebel against Roman rule and the
487:
pass, the shortest route between Italy and the Upper
396:). The key attraction was that this region produced
1849:
1823:
1793:
1762:
1755:
1700:
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1633:
1624:
1598:
1575:
1525:
1497:
1469:
1403:
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1262:
1224:
1183:
1112:
1103:
1043:
1030:Gaius Octavius · Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (
243:quells two local revolts in Heroonpolis in the
527:invades Armenia and reinstates King Tigranes.
1006:
624:in AD 9, who suffered a major humiliation at
557:Roman Campaigns in Germania (c.12 BC – AD 16)
368:Responding to a directive from Augustus, the
8:
841:
839:
632:, who was an ally of Rome and leader of the
650:, the adoptive son of Augustus' successor,
563:Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC – AD 16)
1759:
1630:
1369:
1109:
1013:
999:
991:
758:
975:Cambridge Ancient History 2nd Ed Vol X:
119:civil wars of the previous several years
108:ordered the closure of the doors to the
753:, BRILL, pp. 329–357, 2003-01-01,
671:
495:are utterly defeated and, according to
864:
862:
860:
7:
741:
739:
679:Weinstock, Stefan (November 1960).
471:Augustus despatches an army under
36:about Augustus's wars after 25 BC.
14:
609:, began building forts along the
161:, and completing the conquest of
1920:
1919:
1900:Felicior Augusto, melior Traiano
23:
1954:Wars involving the Roman Empire
1611:Augustan and Julio-Claudian art
984:Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae
1:
473:Aulus Terentius Varro Murena
585:was defeated by the tribes
315:, launches the conquest of
157:, expanding possessions in
1970:
1344:Library of Palatine Apollo
560:
1914:
1028:
920:, ABC-CLIO, p. 940,
760:10.1163/9789004401631_029
747:"Augustus, War and Peace"
681:"Pax and the 'Ara Pacis'"
622:Publius Quinctilius Varus
685:Journal of Roman Studies
658:(r. 161–180) during the
223:with Augustus in 29 BC.
117:earned after ending the
1584:Res Gestae Divi Augusti
1364:Caesareum of Alexandria
636:. Roman expansion into
319:. He chases an army of
291:("supreme commander").
1232:Constitutional Reforms
241:Gaius Cornelius Gallus
69:
34:is missing information
1882:Roman Temple of Évora
1285:Porticus Argonautarum
1139:Liberators' Civil War
457:Gaius Antistius Vetus
62:
1856:Temples of Augustus
1806:Gaius Julius Hyginus
1634:Parents and siblings
1404:Religious structures
1349:Theatre of Marcellus
1225:Legislative activity
788:Dio LI.20.5; LI.21.6
607:Nero Claudius Drusus
410:Bab-el-Mandeb strait
256:Cataract of the Nile
215:(governor) of Gaul,
1906:Cultural depictions
1665:Octavia the Younger
1590:Memoirs of Augustus
1421:Basilica of Neptune
1385:Gardens of Maecenas
977:The Augustan Empire
875:The Classical World
400:substances such as
370:prefectures Aegypti
305:M. Licinius Crassus
233:prefectures Aegypti
1892:Sodales Augustales
1114:Second Triumvirate
90:attempted conquest
70:
1936:
1935:
1819:
1818:
1751:
1750:
1659:Octavia the Elder
1649:(adoptive father)
1571:
1570:
1512:Via Julia Augusta
1507:Milliarium Aureum
1459:Rome and Augustus
1449:Castor and Pollux
1380:House of Augustus
1334:Porticus of Livia
1329:Porticus Octaviae
1322:Porticus Vipsania
1270:Forum of Augustus
1220:
1219:
1199:Bellum Batonianum
927:978-1-61069-020-1
854:Strabo XVI.4.23-5
299:The proconsul of
261:Triacontaschoenos
165:, but suffered a
129:in Gaul, and the
57:
56:
1961:
1923:
1922:
1760:
1724:Agrippa Postumus
1631:
1434:Apollo Palatinus
1370:
1295:Solarium Augusti
1280:Baths of Agrippa
1110:
1105:Wars of Augustus
1094:Pontifex maximus
1015:
1008:
1001:
992:
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743:
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725:
724:
676:
660:Marcomannic Wars
626:Teutoburg Forest
485:Great St Bernard
461:Publius Carisius
270:kingdom of Aksum
82:Second Punic War
74:wars of Augustus
52:
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43:
27:
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1567:
1521:
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1465:
1439:Apollo Sosianus
1399:
1368:
1359:Tropaeum Alpium
1339:Macellum Liviae
1317:Campus Agrippae
1258:
1216:
1193:Cantabrian Wars
1179:
1099:
1039:
1038:Caesar Augustus
1024:
1019:
972:
945:
940:
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928:
915:
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910:
887:10.2307/4350519
868:
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815:Dio LIII.23.5-7
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656:Marcus Aurelius
618:Northern Europe
605:. His general,
574:Clades Lolliana
565:
559:
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469:
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447:
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110:Temple of Janus
102:
88:, although the
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44:
37:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1801:Julius Licinus
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1744:(stepdaughter)
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1641:Gaius Octavius
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1616:Gaius Maecenas
1613:
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1244:Coinage reform
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1189:
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1157:Bellum Siculum
1153:
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1134:
1132:Forum Gallorum
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908:
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847:
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826:
817:
808:
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781:
769:
735:
726:
697:10.2307/298286
691:(1–2): 44–58.
670:
669:
667:
664:
643:Clades Variana
638:Germania Magna
583:Marcus Lollius
561:Main article:
558:
555:
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307:, grandson of
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217:Gaius Carrinas
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86:Roman Republic
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1836:Via Labicana
1811:Epaphroditus
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1395:Villa Giulia
1312:Diribitorium
1307:Saepta Julia
1249:Bierzo Edict
1238:leges Juliae
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1205:Germanic War
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1185:Roman Empire
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384:against the
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1831:Prima Porta
1730:Nero Drusus
1517:Via Augusta
1354:Roman Agora
1080:Divi filius
965:(ca. 20 AD)
962:Geographica
949:Dio Cassius
833:Dio LI.23-5
481:Val d'Aosta
380:across the
250:and in the
114:Roman Forum
1943:Categories
1841:Meroë Head
1780:Germanicus
1710:(daughter)
1606:Literature
1489:Aqua Julia
1479:Aqua Virgo
1444:Mars Ultor
1254:Propaganda
1173:Alexandria
938:References
776:2021-11-09
648:Germanicus
579:5th Legion
503:Asia Minor
378:expedition
268:(i.e. the
203:province (
199:tribes of
177:Chronology
131:Cantabrari
48:March 2019
1875:Barcelona
1824:Portraits
1785:Marcellus
1738:(adopted)
1732:(stepson)
1726:(adopted)
1720:(adopted)
1692:Scribonia
1471:Aqueducts
1411:Ara Pacis
1290:Mausoleum
1263:Buildings
1210:Teutoburg
1073:Imperator
1036:Imperator
895:0009-8418
881:(1): 55.
845:CAH X 451
806:CAH X 148
733:Dio LI.20
721:161690264
705:0075-4358
666:Citations
438:Luke Come
422:Nabataean
337:Tsibritsa
321:Bastarnae
301:Macedonia
288:imperator
266:Aethiopia
213:proconsul
40:talk page
1949:Augustus
1927:Category
1794:Freedmen
1770:Agrippa
1763:Generals
1742:Cornelia
1736:Tiberius
1701:Children
1667:(sister)
1661:(sister)
1655:(mother)
1643:(father)
1454:Augustus
1425:Temples
1416:Pantheon
1144:Philippi
1059:Augustus
1052:Princeps
1032:Octavian
1022:Augustus
652:Tiberius
634:Cherusci
630:Arminius
599:Augustus
595:Tencteri
591:Usipetes
587:Sicambri
525:Tiberius
398:aromatic
386:Sabaeans
313:triumvir
171:Germania
163:Hispania
147:Pannonia
143:Dalmatia
100:Overview
78:Augustus
1682:Claudia
1599:Culture
1373:Palaces
1300:obelisk
943:Ancient
903:4350519
824:ILS 895
531:Parthia
493:Salassi
477:Salassi
414:Arsinoe
382:Red Sea
335:river (
333:Ciabrus
309:Crassus
252:Thebaid
221:Triumph
197:Treveri
151:Noricum
135:Astures
127:Treveri
112:in the
1865:Athens
1850:Legacy
1756:Circle
1718:Lucius
1716:&
1626:Family
1558:Rimini
1548:Orange
1429:Caesar
1168:battle
1127:battle
1066:Caesar
1044:Titles
970:Modern
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593:, and
581:under
551:Drusus
497:Strabo
430:Clysma
416:(near
392:(mod.
341:Danube
325:Balkan
317:Moesia
193:Morini
159:Africa
155:Raetia
153:, and
1714:Gaius
1708:Julia
1687:Livia
1675:Wives
1576:Works
1533:Aosta
1526:Archs
1499:Roads
981:ILS (
899:JSTOR
717:S2CID
709:JSTOR
611:Rhine
540:15 BC
514:20 BC
489:Rhine
450:Spain
445:25 BC
425:Arabs
418:Assab
406:myrrh
394:Yemen
364:Egypt
356:Spain
351:26 BC
345:Getae
329:Moesi
276:29 BC
248:delta
237:Egypt
227:Egypt
209:Suebi
182:30 BC
139:Egypt
1870:Nola
1860:Rome
1653:Atia
1563:Susa
1553:Rome
1543:Fano
1538:Berà
1034:) ·
922:ISBN
891:ISSN
765:ISBN
701:ISSN
603:Gaul
545:Alps
519:Asia
467:Alps
459:and
434:Suez
404:and
311:the
281:Gaul
245:Nile
231:The
195:and
191:The
187:Gaul
133:and
72:The
883:doi
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388:of
169:in
123:Dio
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
