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together until the desired consistency is achieved. One characteristic that allows the explosive to work so well is the insoluble nature of the nitroparaffin. The effectiveness of the water gels is dependent on the dissemination of salts in the salt solution. The particles need to be very small and fine so that they can be dispersed well throughout the solution. Some salts that are commonly used include: ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, sodium perchlorate and potassium chlorate. The sensitivity of the explosive must be increased in order to improve the initiation of the detonation of the explosive. There are different techniques for increasing the sensitivity. Aluminum or other powdered metals can help increase the sensitivity of the water gel, but increasing the sensitivity also means that the explosives are more combustible. Powdered metals have not proven to be completely effective in increasing the sensitivity of the explosive because they do not uniformly mix through the solution. They also lose sensitivity as storage time increases. Liquid non-self-explosive sensitizers like
20:
112:, with an aqueous salt solution and a gelling agent. These nitroparaffins typically make up most of the water gel explosive. Different types of gelling agents are used to create the water gel explosive. One agent is insoluble in water, but able to gel with nitromethane. The gel used for nitromethane is cyanoethylether, a derivative of
214:"Securesearch Inc - Realistic Inert Explosives Products, Inert IED Training Aids, Exact Replica Ordnances, Anti-Terrorism Awareness Products, IED Posters, Anti-Personnel Mines and Bomb Training Products for Military, Law Enforcement and Security Agencies :: Water Gel Explosives—Inert Simulants"
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to manufacture, transport, and store. Water gels are also less expensive than conventional explosives. Because they are relatively safe and easy to use, they are often used in the mining industry. There are many different types of water gel explosives for use in different situations. One type, a
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gum. Other agents are water-soluble and are used for the aqueous salt solution. As mentioned above, water-soluble gums and gel modifiers (like guar) can be used for the gelling of aqueous solutions. When the salt solution and nitroparaffin are gelled, the entire mixture is combined and mixed
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into the casing. This process is laborious and the charge may begin to shrink, creating multiple voids. A final advantage of slurry is that it can be stored in non-explosive component form and sensitized into field-manufactured explosive as it is needed. The explosive may be sensitized by the
151:-based explosives like dynamite because they produce less noxious fumes. Detagel, which is very high in strength, is a specific example of a small diameter water gel explosive that is used for mining activities.
96:. Water gel explosives are also made of ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, aluminum, ethylene glycol and TNT. The proportions of these components vary depending on the desired explosiveness of the water gel.
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have not worked well either because they are difficult to hold in suspension. Liquid aliphatic mononitrates have been found to work very effectively as sensitizers when they are well mixed in the water gel.
53:-insensitive are referred to under United States safety regulations as blasting agents. Water gel explosives have a jelly-like consistency and come in sausage-like packing stapled shut on both sides.
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Water gels usually have many different ingredients. They contain a gelatinizing agent, also known as a thickener, that modifies their consistency, ranging from easily pourable gels to hard solids.
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explosives because they are much easier to load into large casings. With water gel explosives, the slurry material can simply be poured into the casing. Traditional explosives are
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resins are the typical gelling agents. Guar, specifically, is a gelling agent used for the aqueous portion of the water gel explosives. The primary component of water gels is
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small diameter slurry explosive, can be used specifically for blasting in coal undercut, midcut, and depillaring areas. They are preferable to
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http://www.skk-banjaluckapivara.com/invent/stationary_exercise_bicycle/slurry_explosive_composition.html
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358:"Toxic Fume Comparison of a Few Explosives Used in Trench Blasting"
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addition of gas, metal powder, or another explosive such as
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Water-gel explosives have almost completely displaced
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104:Water gel explosives are produced by combining
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154:Water gel explosives are frequently used as
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192:
201:The Science of Industrial Explosives.
134:Water gel explosives tend to be less
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289:"WATER GEL EXPLOSIVE (EDUCATIONAL)"
228:"WATER GEL EXPLOSIVE (EDUCATIONAL)"
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16:Fuel-sensitized explosive mixture
88:formed by the neutralization of
26:, a form of water gel explosive.
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84:. Methylamine nitrate is the
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45:solution that acts as the
41:consisting of an aqueous
49:. Water gels that are
333:"Water Gel Explosives"
321:Explomo Tovex Brochure
250:"Water Gel Explosives"
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34:is a fuel-sensitized
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76:, dextran gums, and
277:. 18 December 2007.
130:Advantages and uses
82:methylamine nitrate
32:water-gel explosive
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203:(c)1974, page 14.
78:urea-formaldehyde
70:Polyvinyl alcohol
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234:. Archived from
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299:on 2014-03-11.
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238:on 2014-03-11.
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106:nitroparaffins
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149:nitroglycerin
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138:and are less
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368:. Retrieved
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337:the original
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254:the original
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123:nitrotoluene
119:nitrobenzene
110:nitromethane
103:
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365:www.cdc.gov
275:"Chemistry"
121:and liquid
100:Preparation
94:nitric acid
90:methylamine
64:Composition
391:Explosives
370:2018-12-08
343:2013-04-20
260:2013-04-20
187:References
108:, usually
156:cartridge
140:hazardous
36:explosive
385:Category
181:aluminum
144:dynamite
74:guar gum
58:dynamite
47:oxidizer
39:mixture
361:(PDF)
175:, or
142:than
136:toxic
92:with
24:Tovex
177:PETN
160:cast
86:salt
173:HMX
169:RDX
165:TNT
51:cap
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