Knowledge (XXG)

Watercock

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Garcia-R, J.C.; Gibb, G.C.; Trewick, S.A. (2014). "Deep global evolutionary radiation in birds: Diversification and trait evolution in the cosmopolitan bird family Rallidae".
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Adult male watercocks are 43 cm (17 in) long and weigh 476–650 g (1.049–1.433 lb). They have mainly black-grey plumage with red legs,
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Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
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and horn. Young males are buff in colour, darkening as they mature. Their bill is yellow and their legs are green. Female birds are
278:. Gmelin based his description on the "crested gallinule" from China that had been described in 1785 by the English ornithologist 2678: 388:
is streaked and barred with darker markings. The bill is yellow and the legs are green. The downy chicks are black, as with all
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at 36 cm (14 in) and 298–434 g (10.5–15.3 oz). They are dark brown above and paler below. Their
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These birds probe with their bill in mud or shallow water, also picking up food by sight. They mainly eat
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Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology: a Directory to the literature and its reviewers
272: 181: 572: 332:(which the adult male visually closely resembles), it is actually a member of a mostly tropical Asian 2448: 2417: 2177: 2031: 1777: 2168: 1757: 1659: 1333: 1180: 2290: 1230: 992: 824: 647: 245: 44: 2068: 2059: 1827: 1807: 1767: 1747: 1242: 1048: 950: 2232: 2109: 1797: 1736: 1599: 1293: 1219: 1117: 1003: 74: 2320: 1884: 1817: 1787: 1706: 1649: 1629: 1367: 1357: 1303: 940: 359: 2562: 1874: 1837: 1726: 1716: 1686: 1572: 1276: 1253: 1157: 971: 960: 929: 2668: 2622: 2588: 2492: 1895: 1696: 1378: 1103: 807: 788: 764: 727: 657: 381: 1959: 1314: 603:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 2 (13th ed.). Lipsiae : Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 702. 2627: 1639: 1430: 1397: 1017: 756: 684: 567: 2461: 2609: 2422: 2272: 2186: 1323: 456: 338: 258: 227: 549: 1969: 1522: 399:
Watercock are quite secretive, but are sometimes seen out in the open. They are noisy
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Although the title page is dated 1849, the book was not published until 1852. See:
634: 598: 392:. The body of this rail is flattened laterally to allow easier passage through the 291: 158: 2484: 2523: 2544: 2402: 2241: 2221: 2207: 2139: 2098: 2000: 1993: 1921: 1904: 1609: 1454: 1147: 1034: 1027: 760: 448: 346: 141: 2635: 2302: 2279: 2262: 2255: 2248: 2193: 1976: 1935: 1864: 1666: 1589: 1511: 1168: 1062: 905: 890: 878: 848: 342: 322: 131: 2393: 2309: 2200: 2125: 2007: 1942: 1854: 1538: 1531: 1504: 1497: 1283: 1110: 1041: 982: 452: 432: 404: 318: 91: 768: 623:. Vol. 3, Part 1. London: Printed for Leigh and Sotheby. p. 435. 472:
They nest in a dry location on the ground in marsh vegetation, laying 3-6
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Male at Basai Wetlands, near Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Catalogue of the Birds in the Museum Asiatic Society
403:, especially at dawn and dusk, with a loud, gulping 2377: 2319: 2289: 2231: 2176: 2167: 2108: 2067: 2058: 1894: 1555: 1521: 1487: 1464: 1441: 1396: 1313: 1263: 1206: 1197: 1167: 1127: 1090: 1081: 1058: 1013: 916: 787:by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992), 396:or undergrowth. It has long toes and a short tail. 573:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22692789A93369824.en 218:) is a waterbird in the rail and crake family, 832: 8: 716:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names 328:Traditionally held to be closely related to 656:. Northampton, UK: Aves Press. p. 74. 2365: 2173: 2064: 1561: 1438: 1425: 1203: 1087: 913: 900: 839: 825: 817: 53: 29: 20: 571: 540: 507: 252:in his revised and expanded edition of 2684:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin 780: 778: 749:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 718:. London: Christopher Helm. pp.  695:. International Ornithologists' Union 675: 673: 262:. He placed it with the coots in the 7: 294:. The genus name combines the genus 2664:IUCN Red List least concern species 643:. Calcutta: J. Thomas. p. 283. 559:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 317:meaning "ash-grey". The species is 806:by Grimmett, Inskipp and Inskipp, 222:that is widely distributed across 14: 785:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses 248:in 1789 by the German naturalist 693:IOC World Bird List Version 12.2 522: 510: 78: 548:BirdLife International (2016). 290:that was introduced in 1852 by 1: 761:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.008 620:A General Synopsis of Birds 284:A General Synopsis of Birds 2700: 714:Jobling, James A. (2010). 415:Their breeding habitat is 1564: 1437: 1424: 912: 899: 855: 187: 180: 75:Scientific classification 73: 51: 42: 37: 28: 23: 595:Gmelin, Johann Friedrich 566:: e.T22692789A93369824. 411:Distribution and habitat 2679:Birds described in 1789 306:. The specific epithet 250:Johann Friedrich Gmelin 687:, eds. (August 2022). 364: 529:Watercock - rear view 463:Behaviour and ecology 362: 517:Watercock in flight 45:Conservation status 683:; Donsker, David; 365: 246:formally described 244:The watercock was 2651: 2650: 2641:Gallicrex-cinerea 2623:Open Tree of Life 2436:gallicrex-cinerea 2423:Gallicrex_cinerea 2409:Gallicrex cinerea 2379:Gallicrex cinerea 2371:Taxon identifiers 2362: 2361: 2358: 2357: 2354: 2353: 2350: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2163: 2162: 1420: 1419: 1416: 1415: 1392: 1391: 1388: 1387: 793:978-0-8493-4258-5 733:978-1-4081-2501-4 685:Rasmussen, Pamela 663:978-0-9568611-1-5 552:Gallicrex cinerea 215:Gallicrex cinerea 206: 205: 191:Gallicrex cinerea 162: 68: 2691: 2644: 2643: 2631: 2630: 2618: 2617: 2605: 2604: 2592: 2591: 2579: 2578: 2566: 2565: 2553: 2552: 2540: 2539: 2527: 2526: 2514: 2513: 2501: 2500: 2488: 2487: 2478: 2477: 2465: 2464: 2452: 2451: 2449:39B7A3C7FA75E312 2439: 2438: 2426: 2425: 2413: 2412: 2411: 2398: 2397: 2396: 2366: 2300: 2270: 2174: 2065: 2039: 2029: 1984: 1967: 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2406: 2401: 2392: 2391: 2386: 2373: 2363: 2342: 2315: 2285: 2227: 2187:Aenigmatolimnas 2178:Himantornithini 2159: 2104: 2054: 2032:Miohypotaenidia 1890: 1778:Paraortygometra 1551: 1517: 1483: 1460: 1433: 1412: 1384: 1309: 1259: 1193: 1163: 1123: 1077: 1054: 1009: 908: 895: 851: 845: 800: 799: 783: 776: 746: 745: 741: 734: 713: 712: 708: 698: 696: 679: 678: 671: 664: 648:Dickinson, E.C. 646: 633: 632: 628: 613: 612: 608: 593: 592: 588: 578: 576: 547: 546: 542: 537: 530: 527: 518: 515: 506: 500:on the ground. 482: 470: 465: 413: 370: 339:Aenigmatolimnas 300:with the genus 271:and coined the 259:Systema Naturae 242: 202: 195: 189: 176: 173:G. cinerea 156: 77: 69: 58: 54: 47: 17: 16:Species of bird 12: 11: 5: 2697: 2695: 2687: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2666: 2656: 2655: 2649: 2648: 2646: 2645: 2632: 2619: 2606: 2593: 2580: 2567: 2554: 2541: 2528: 2515: 2502: 2489: 2479: 2466: 2453: 2440: 2427: 2414: 2399: 2383: 2381: 2375: 2374: 2369: 2360: 2359: 2356: 2355: 2352: 2351: 2348: 2347: 2344: 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1443:incertae sedis 1435: 1434: 1429: 1422: 1421: 1418: 1417: 1414: 1413: 1411: 1410: 1409: 1408: 1402: 1400: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1385: 1383: 1382: 1372: 1361: 1351: 1344: 1337: 1327: 1319: 1317: 1311: 1310: 1308: 1307: 1297: 1287: 1280: 1269: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1258: 1257: 1247: 1235: 1224: 1212: 1210: 1208:incertae sedis 1201: 1195: 1194: 1192: 1191: 1184: 1181:Archaeopsophia 1173: 1171: 1165: 1164: 1162: 1161: 1151: 1141: 1133: 1131: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1121: 1114: 1107: 1099: 1097: 1085: 1079: 1078: 1076: 1075: 1067: 1065: 1056: 1055: 1053: 1052: 1045: 1038: 1031: 1023: 1021: 1011: 1010: 1008: 1007: 997: 986: 976: 965: 954: 944: 934: 922: 920: 918:incertae sedis 910: 909: 904: 897: 896: 894: 893: 887: 881: 875: 869: 863: 856: 853: 852: 846: 844: 843: 836: 829: 821: 815: 814: 804:Birds of India 798: 797: 774: 739: 732: 706: 669: 662: 626: 606: 586: 539: 538: 536: 533: 532: 531: 528: 521: 519: 516: 509: 505: 502: 481: 478: 469: 466: 464: 461: 412: 409: 378:frontal shield 369: 366: 276:Fulica cinerea 241: 238: 224:Southeast Asia 204: 203: 196: 185: 184: 178: 177: 170: 168: 164: 163: 149: 145: 144: 139: 135: 134: 129: 125: 124: 119: 115: 114: 109: 105: 104: 99: 95: 94: 89: 85: 84: 71: 70: 52: 49: 48: 43: 40: 39: 35: 34: 26: 25: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2696: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2674:Birds of Asia 2672: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2661: 2659: 2642: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2624: 2620: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2480: 2476: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2415: 2410: 2404: 2400: 2395: 2389: 2385: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2367: 2339: 2338: 2334: 2332: 2331: 2327: 2326: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2307: 2305: 2304: 2297: 2296: 2294: 2292: 2291:Porphyrionini 2288: 2282: 2281: 2277: 2275: 2274: 2267: 2265: 2264: 2260: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2251: 2250: 2246: 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61: 60:Least Concern 50: 46: 41: 36: 32: 27: 22: 19: 2378: 2335: 2328: 2308: 2301: 2278: 2271: 2261: 2254: 2247: 2240: 2220: 2213: 2206: 2199: 2192: 2185: 2152: 2145: 2138: 2131: 2124: 2117: 2097: 2090: 2083: 2078:Amaurolimnas 2076: 2069:Pardirallini 2060:Gallinulinae 2047: 2040: 2030: 2020: 2015:Hypotaenidia 2013: 2006: 1999: 1992: 1985: 1975: 1968: 1958: 1948: 1941: 1934: 1927: 1920: 1915:Aphanapteryx 1913: 1903: 1883: 1873: 1863: 1853: 1846: 1836: 1828:Quercyrallus 1826: 1816: 1808:Pastushkinia 1806: 1796: 1786: 1776: 1768:Palaeorallus 1766: 1756: 1748:Nesophalaris 1746: 1735: 1725: 1715: 1705: 1695: 1685: 1675: 1665: 1658: 1648: 1638: 1628: 1618: 1608: 1598: 1588: 1580:Aptenorallus 1578: 1571: 1544: 1537: 1530: 1510: 1503: 1496: 1476: 1453: 1442: 1377: 1366: 1356: 1348:Leucogeranus 1346: 1339: 1332: 1322: 1302: 1292: 1282: 1275: 1265:Balearicinae 1252: 1243:Probalearica 1241: 1229: 1218: 1207: 1186: 1179: 1156: 1146: 1136: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1095:Parvigruidae 1070: 1049:Walbeckornis 1047: 1040: 1033: 1026: 1002: 991: 981: 970: 959: 951:Bumbaniralla 949: 939: 928: 917: 877:Infraclass: 803: 784: 752: 748: 742: 715: 709: 697:. Retrieved 692: 652: 639: 629: 619: 615:Latham, John 609: 599: 589: 577:. Retrieved 563: 557: 551: 543: 483: 471: 414: 398: 371: 351: 337: 327: 314: 310:is from the 307: 301: 295: 292:Edward Blyth 287: 283: 275: 266: 257: 243: 232: 231: 226:. It is the 214: 213: 209: 207: 190: 188: 172: 171: 152: 151: 18: 2545:iNaturalist 2403:Wikispecies 2242:Coturnicops 2233:Laterallini 2222:Poliolimnas 2208:Himantornis 2140:Porphyriops 2110:Gallinulini 2099:Pardirallus 2001:Gallirallus 1994:Eulabeornis 1922:Aramidopsis 1905:Anurolimnas 1798:Parvirallus 1737:Montirallus 1610:Belgirallus 1600:Baselrallus 1455:Nesotrochis 1407:See below ↓ 1294:Eobalearica 1220:Eobalearica 1148:Badistornis 1118:Rupelrallus 1035:Messelornis 1028:Itardiornis 1004:Orthocnemus 681:Gill, Frank 579:11 November 449:Philippines 376:, extended 368:Description 363:An immature 347:Himantornis 280:John Latham 228:only member 2658:Categories 2636:Xeno-canto 2321:Zaporniini 2303:Aphanocrex 2280:Rufirallus 2263:Micropygia 2256:Laterallus 2249:Hapalocrex 2194:Amaurornis 1977:Dryolimnas 1936:Canirallus 1885:Youngornis 1865:Vitirallus 1818:Priscaweka 1788:Pararallus 1707:Litorallus 1667:Habroptila 1650:Euryonotus 1630:Creccoides 1590:Australlus 1512:Sarothrura 1368:Patagogrus 1358:Palaeogrus 1304:Geranopsis 1169:Psophiidae 1063:Songziidae 941:Bumbanipes 906:Gruiformes 891:Gruiformes 879:Neognathae 849:Gruiformes 847:Genera of 755:: 96–108. 699:14 October 535:References 488:and small 343:Amaurornis 323:subspecies 199:Gmelin, JF 132:Gruiformes 24:Watercock 2310:Porphyrio 2201:Gallicrex 2126:Gallinula 2008:Gymnocrex 1943:Crecopsis 1875:Wanshuina 1855:Rougetius 1838:Rallicrex 1727:Miorallus 1717:Miofulica 1687:Ibidopsis 1573:Aletornis 1539:Heliornis 1532:Heliopais 1505:Rallicula 1498:Mentocrex 1284:Balearica 1277:Aramornis 1254:Protogrus 1158:Papulavis 1111:Parvigrus 1042:Pellornis 983:Ludiortyx 972:Loncornis 961:Gnotornis 930:Aminornis 859:Kingdom: 453:Indonesia 435:to south 433:Sri Lanka 319:monotypic 288:Gallicrex 233:Gallicrex 210:watercock 167:Species: 153:Gallicrex 98:Kingdom: 92:Eukaryota 2669:Rallidae 2589:22692789 2563:11369289 2462:22692789 2457:BirdLife 2388:Wikidata 2337:Zapornia 2215:Megacrex 2154:Tribonyx 2085:Aramides 1896:Rallinae 1697:Latipons 1677:Hovacrex 1557:Rallidae 1478:Aptornis 1379:Pliogrus 1324:Antigone 1129:Aramidae 1104:Alhuenia 867:Chordata 865:Phylum: 861:Animalia 769:25255711 637:(1852). 617:(1785). 597:(1789). 468:Breeding 429:Pakistan 353:Megacrex 330:moorhens 315:cinereus 240:Taxonomy 220:Rallidae 142:Rallidae 138:Family: 112:Chordata 108:Phylum: 102:Animalia 88:Domain: 65:IUCN 3.1 2537:2474404 2511:waterc1 2485:waterc1 2444:Avibase 2394:Q494424 2330:Rallina 2147:Porzana 2022:Lewinia 1960:Crexica 1929:Cabalus 1334:Camusia 1315:Gruinae 1199:Gruidae 1188:Psophia 1072:Songzia 889:Order: 885:Neoaves 883:Clade: 871:Class: 504:Gallery 496:. They 486:insects 386:plumage 382:smaller 308:cinerea 282:in his 201:, 1789) 148:Genus: 128:Order: 118:Class: 63: ( 2628:943596 2602:261967 2576:560140 2519:EURING 2431:ARKive 2273:Mundia 2119:Fulica 2049:Rallus 1640:Eocrex 1546:Podica 1138:Aramus 810:  791:  767:  730:  660:  498:forage 431:, and 417:swamps 297:Gallus 268:Fulica 161:, 1852 2615:72844 2558:IRMNG 2506:eBird 2498:6K9G8 2482:BOW: 2475:90152 1431:Ralli 1398:Ralli 494:seeds 457:range 445:Japan 441:Korea 437:China 425:India 423:from 401:birds 394:reeds 390:rails 334:clade 321:: no 312:Latin 264:genus 159:Blyth 2597:NCBI 2584:IUCN 2571:ITIS 2532:GBIF 2524:4280 2470:BOLD 1950:Crex 1341:Grus 1083:Grui 873:Aves 808:ISBN 789:ISBN 765:PMID 728:ISBN 701:2022 658:ISBN 581:2021 564:2016 492:and 490:fish 474:eggs 451:and 421:Asia 405:call 374:bill 350:and 303:Crex 208:The 122:Aves 2550:535 2493:CoL 2418:ADW 757:doi 724:107 720:170 568:doi 476:. 256:'s 2660:: 2638:: 2625:: 2612:: 2599:: 2586:: 2573:: 2560:: 2547:: 2534:: 2521:: 2508:: 2495:: 2472:: 2459:: 2446:: 2433:: 2420:: 2405:: 2390:: 1246:"? 777:^ 763:. 753:81 751:. 726:. 722:, 691:. 672:^ 562:. 556:. 459:. 447:, 443:, 439:, 427:, 407:. 356:. 345:, 341:, 236:. 2299:† 2269:† 2038:† 2028:† 1983:† 1966:† 1956:† 1911:† 1881:† 1871:† 1861:† 1844:† 1834:† 1824:† 1814:† 1804:† 1794:† 1784:† 1774:† 1764:† 1754:† 1744:† 1740:? 1733:† 1723:† 1713:† 1703:† 1693:† 1683:† 1673:† 1656:† 1646:† 1636:† 1626:† 1616:† 1606:† 1596:† 1586:† 1569:† 1466:† 1451:† 1375:† 1371:? 1364:† 1354:† 1330:† 1300:† 1290:† 1273:† 1250:† 1240:" 1238:† 1234:? 1227:† 1223:? 1216:† 1177:† 1154:† 1144:† 1092:† 1060:† 1020:? 1015:† 1000:† 996:? 989:† 979:† 975:? 968:† 964:? 957:† 947:† 937:† 933:? 926:† 840:e 833:t 826:v 795:. 771:. 759:: 736:. 703:. 666:. 583:. 570:: 554:" 550:" 212:( 197:( 67:)

Index


Conservation status
Least Concern
IUCN 3.1
Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Gruiformes
Rallidae
Gallicrex
Blyth
Binomial name
Gmelin, JF
Rallidae
Southeast Asia
only member
formally described
Johann Friedrich Gmelin
Carl Linnaeus
Systema Naturae
genus
Fulica
binomial name
John Latham
Edward Blyth
Gallus
Crex

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