264:
211:
This became known as a performance scale. This scale required a subject to actively do something, such as copying symbols or pointing to a missing detail in a picture, rather than just answering questions. This was an important development, as it attempted to overcome biases that were caused by "language, culture, and education." Further, this scale also provided an opportunity to observe a different type of behavior, because something physical was required. Clinicians were able to observe how a participant reacted to the "longer interval of sustained effort, concentration, and attention" that the performance tasks required.
350:
125:, which he defined as "... the global capacity of a person to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment." He believed that intelligence was made up of specific elements that could be isolated, defined, and subsequently measured. However, these individual elements were not entirely independent, but were all interrelated. His argument, in other words, is that general intelligence is composed of various specific and interrelated functions or elements that can be individually measured.
483:
289:
893:
836:
779:
761:
681:
875:
857:
818:
800:
743:
722:
704:
659:
641:
623:
555:. There are several notable features in this version of the intelligence scale that make it unique from previous versions. Some of these changes include the removal of Picture Arrangement, Object Assembly, Mazes, Verbal IQ, and Performance IQ and the addition of five subtests that emphasize fluid reasoning and/or working memory.
198:
individual taking a Binet test would only receive credit if a certain number of the tasks were completed. This meant that falling short just one task required for the credit, resulted in no credit at all (for example, if passing three out of four tasks was required to receive credit, then passing two yielded no credit).
1011:
The WASI-II can derive 4 composite scores from a combination of the 4 subtests. A Verbal
Comprehension Index (VCI) can be derived from the raw scores on the Vocabulary and Similarities subtests. A Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI) can be derived from the raw scores on the Matrix Reasoning and Block
197:
scales (prior to the 1986 version) items were grouped according to age level. Each of these age levels was composed of a group of tasks that could be passed by two-thirds to three-quarters of the individuals in that level. This meant that items were not arranged according to content. Additionally, an
356:
The WAIS-III, a subsequent revision of the WAIS and the WAIS-R, was released in 1997. It provided scores for Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, and Full Scale IQ, along with four secondary indices (Verbal
Comprehension, Working Memory, Perceptual Organization, and Processing Speed). Some new contributors to
929:
The WAIS-5 introduces several new subtests, particularly in the working memory domain, with Digit Span
Sequencing and Running Digits now being the core subtests that compose the Working Memory Index. Digit Span Forward, Digit Span Backward, and Letter-Number Sequencing may also be used to construct
161:
These criticisms of the 1937 Binet test helped produce the
WechslerâBellevue scale, released in 1939. However, the present-day WAIS-IV has contradicted many of these criticisms, by incorporating a single overall score, using multiple timed tasks, focusing on intellective items and other ways. While
1007:
The
Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence â 2nd edition (WASI-II) is a short psychological test that was developed in 2011 by Pearson to estimate intellectual functioning in a shorter period of time than the WAIS-IV. The WASI-II only has 4 subtests: Block Design, Vocabulary, Similarities, and
933:
The
Perceptual Reasoning Index has been split into Visual Spatial Ability (Block Design, Visual Puzzles) and Fluid Reasoning (Matrix Reasoning, Figure Weights). A complementary Fluid Reasoning subtest Set Relations was also introduced, as well as an additional Processing Speed subtest Naming Speed
542:
The current version of the test, the WAIS-IV, which was released in 2008, is composed of 10 core subtests and five supplemental subtests, with the 10 core subtests yielding scaled scores that sum to derive the Full Scale IQ. With the WAIS-IV, the verbal/performance IQ scores from previous versions
214:
As the
WechslerâBellevue scale was the first to effectively use the performance scale, it also introduced the "possibility of directly comparing an individual's verbal and nonverbal intelligence". This was possible as "the results of both scales were expressed in comparable units". The Binet scale
210:
The non-verbal performance scale was also a critical difference from the Binet scale. The earlier Binet scale had been persistently and consistently criticized for its emphasis on language and verbal skills. Wechsler designed an entire scale that allowed the measurement of non-verbal intelligence.
141:
Wechsler was a very influential advocate for the concept of non-intellective factors, and he felt that the 1937 Binet scale did not do a good job of incorporating these factors into the scale (non-intellective factors are variables that contribute to the overall score in intelligence, but are not
271:
The WAIS-R, a revised form of the WAIS, was released in 1981 and consisted of six verbal and five performance subtests. The verbal tests were: Information, Comprehension, Arithmetic, Digit Span, Similarities, and
Vocabulary. The Performance subtests were: Picture Arrangement, Picture Completion,
937:
The Full Scale
Intelligence Quotient is now generated from only seven subtests (Similarities, Vocabulary, Block Design, Matrix Reasoning, Figure Weights, Digit Span Sequencing, Coding), similar to the WISC-V. Fifteen ancillary index scores, including the General Ability Index, are also present.
202:
passed. The result was a test that could be made up of different content areas (or subtests) with both an overall score and a score for each content area. In turn, this allowed for an analysis to be made of an individual's ability in a variety of content areas (as opposed to one general score).
201:
The point scale concept significantly changed the way testing was done by assigning credits or points to each item. This had two large effects. First, this allowed items to be grouped according to content. Second, participants were able to receive a set number of points or credits for each item
215:
did have performance tasks, but they were geared toward younger children. The
Wechsler-Bellevue was also unique in that there were entire tests that were considered supplements or alternatives, including "performance" measures such as the Leiter International Performance Scale.
969:(including the WAIS-IV) to assess how the individual's brain is functioning after it has been injured. Specific subtests can provide insight into specific cognitive functions; for example, the digit span subtest could be used to look for attentional difficulties.
912:
The WAIS-IV was standardized on a sample of 2,200 people in the United States, ranging in age from 16 to 90. The demographic characteristics of the sample were modeled after the proportions of different groups in an analysis of data from the
1808:
925:
The fifth edition of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale is slated to be released in late 2024. Normative data were collected in 2023â24 on a U.S. Census-reflective sample that was conormed on the Wechsler Memory Scale: Fifth Edition.
132:
which, in Wechsler's day, was generally considered the supreme authority with regard to intelligence testing. A drastically revised new version of the Binet scale, released in 1937, received a great deal of criticism from
941:
Administration is anticipated to be shorter than the WAIS-IV, especially for those who are suspected as being intellectually gifted. The test may be administered in the classic physical format or on a digital platform.
1012:
Design subtests. A Full Scale IQ-2 (FSIQ-2) can be derived from the raw scores on the Matrix Reasoning and Vocabulary subtests, while a Full Scale IQ-4 (FSIQ-4) can be derived from the raw scores on all 4 subtests.
587:
General Ability Index (GAI), based only on the six subtests that the VCI and PRI comprise; it is intended to portray a snapshot of general intelligence that is less influenced by working memory and processing speed
1226:
2109:
1801:
1008:
Matrix Reasoning, compared to the 10 core subtests that are present in the WAIS-IV. These 4 subtests have the same structure as the similarly-named subtests on the WAIS-IV, but have different questions.
227:
Intelligence Scale (WBIS), which was a battery of tests published by Wechsler in 1939. The WBIS was composed of subtests that could be found in various other intelligence tests of the time, such as
1794:
2448:
1104:
951:
543:
were removed and replaced by the index scores. The General Ability Index (GAI) was included, which consists of the Similarities, Vocabulary and Information subtests from the
500:
310:
263:
1856:
2412:
2377:
2417:
961:
Intelligence tests may be used to assess the level of cognitive functioning in individuals with psychiatric illness or brain injury. Rehabilitation psychologists and
2066:
357:
the third edition of the most commonly used test of intellectual abilities include HsinâYi Chen, Louise OâDonnell, Mark Ledbetter, David Tulsky, and Jianjun Zhu.
2099:
1992:
1070:
Put together red-and-white blocks in a pattern according to a displayed model. This is timed, and some of the more difficult puzzles award bonuses for speed.
709:
Put together red-and-white blocks in a pattern according to a displayed model. This is timed, and some of the more difficult puzzles award bonuses for speed.
2486:
1908:
551:. The GAI is clinically useful because it can be used as a measure of cognitive abilities that are less vulnerable to impairments of processing speed and
2325:
2002:
2094:
275:
This revised edition did not provide new validity data, but used the data from the original WAIS; however new norms were provided, carefully stratified.
2145:
584:
Full Scale IQ (FSIQ), based on the total combined performance of the VCI, PRI, WMI, and PSI. The WAIS-IV can generate an FSIQ in the range of 40 to 160.
157:
Wechsler criticized the then existing Binet scale because "it did not consider that intellectual performance could deteriorate as a person grew older."
1500:
2443:
1846:
1099:
955:
87:
1478:
1861:
1851:
252:
148:
Wechsler argued that the Binet scale items were not valid for adult test-takers because the items were chosen specifically for use with children.
44:
2481:
2140:
536:
162:
this scale has been revised (resulting in the present day WAIS-IV), many of the original concepts Wechsler argued for have become standards in
2283:
2268:
1755:
1456:
1372:
1355:
1327:
1166:
1135:
784:
View a stimulus book that pictures shapes on a scale (or scales) with one empty side and select the choice that keeps the scale balanced
2150:
2059:
255:
was less carefully developed than previous versions, Form I of the WAIS surpassed the StanfordâBinet tests in popularity by the 1960s.
101:(1932â1967) in NYC, as a revision of the WechslerâBellevue Intelligence Scale released in 1939. It is currently in its fourth edition (
2397:
2491:
2206:
1987:
2545:
1918:
522:
349:
336:
2507:
2458:
2227:
1881:
151:
The "Binet scale's emphasis on speed, with timed tasks scattered throughout the scale, tended to unduly handicap older adults."
137:(after whom the original WechslerâBellevue Intelligence scale and the modern Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV are named).
2453:
2237:
2165:
2052:
2033:
504:
314:
113:
set to release in the fall of 2024. It is the most widely used IQ test, for both adults and older adolescents, in the world.
2476:
2104:
1997:
1886:
142:
made up of intelligence-related items. These include things such as lack of confidence, fear of failure, attitudes, etc.).
129:
2196:
2186:
2028:
1414:
2540:
2433:
2345:
2288:
2125:
1871:
1866:
1531:
914:
299:
2521:
2304:
2278:
2222:
2160:
1949:
1936:
548:
544:
950:
The WAIS-IV measure is acceptable for use with people who are 16â90 years of age. For people younger than 16, the
493:
318:
303:
2330:
2018:
1965:
1750:. Practical Resources for the Mental Health Professional. Alan S. Kaufman (Foreword). Amsterdam: Academic Press.
1081:
View an array of pictures with one missing square, and select the picture that fits the array from five options.
727:
View an array of pictures with one missing square, and select the picture that fits the array from five options.
2382:
2361:
2232:
962:
224:
51:
272:
Block Design, Object Assembly, and Digit Symbol. A verbal IQ, performance IQ and full scale IQ were obtained.
805:
Listen to sequences of numbers orally and to repeat them as heard, in reverse order, and in ascending order.
2392:
2387:
2075:
1979:
973:
966:
2468:
2407:
2252:
2191:
2023:
1833:
1825:
862:
View rows of symbols and target symbols, and mark whether or not the target symbols appear in each row.
748:
View a puzzle in a stimulus book and choose from among pieces of which three could construct the puzzle
163:
1786:
421:
Included six tests and it also provided two sub-indices; perceptual organization and processing speed.
121:
The WAIS was founded to get to know Wechsler's patients at Bellevue Hospital and on his definition of
2335:
2309:
2130:
1960:
580:
Two broad scores, which can be used to summarize general intellectual ability, can also be derived:
2181:
1557:
1085:
989:
981:
917:. An extension of the standardization has been conducted with 688 Canadians in the same age range.
731:
444:
2402:
2273:
2155:
1913:
1653:
1187:
Kaufman, Alan S.; Flanagan, Dawn P.; Alfonso, Vincent C.; Mascolo, Jennifer T. (September 2006).
1633:
408:
Supplementary subtest(s) (Only to be used for total VIQ index scoring and specified sub-index):
178:
gathered tasks created for nonclinical purposes for administration as a "clinical test battery",
2340:
1876:
1771:
1751:
1452:
1368:
1351:
1323:
1208:
1162:
1131:
697:
668:
461:
Supplementary subtests (Only to be used for total PIQ index scoring and specified sub-index):
428:
236:
98:
83:
39:
2242:
1896:
1696:
1645:
1444:
1200:
898:
Scan arrangements of shapes and mark specific target shapes within a limited amount of time
1188:
2135:
1928:
1343:
1315:
1154:
1123:
977:
1728:
1443:, Analog Circuits And Signal Processing, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 1â9,
1945:
1746:
Weiss, Lawrence G.; Saklofske, Donald H.; Coalson, Diane; Raiford, Susan, eds. (2010).
1724:
1712:
1701:
1684:
1251:
552:
535:
366:
240:
134:
94:
1772:
FAQ/Finding Information About Psychological Tests (American Psychological Association)
1607:
2534:
1941:
1817:
1657:
228:
1634:"Review of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Second Edition (WASI-II)"
2201:
248:
232:
194:
122:
79:
841:
Recall a series of numbers in increasing order and letters in alphabetical order.
1189:"Test Review: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-IV)"
57:
2515:
1955:
1821:
1448:
1001:
482:
288:
145:
Wechsler did not agree with the idea of a single score that the Binet test gave.
106:
1406:
2247:
1479:"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition Now Available From Pearson"
1436:
1649:
1212:
1204:
2089:
1748:
WAIS-IV Clinical Use and Interpretation: Scientist-Practitioner Perspectives
547:
and the Block Design, Matrix Reasoning and Visual Puzzles subtests from the
365:
Included seven tests and provided two sub-indices; verbal comprehension and
247:) as well as verbal items for all test-takers, and because the 1960 form of
86:
in adults and older adolescents. For children between the ages of 6 and 16,
2044:
563:
There are four index scores representing major components of intelligence:
154:
Wechsler believed that "mental age norms clearly did not apply to adults."
1073:
Visual spatial processing and problem solving; visual motor construction
985:
712:
Visual spatial processing and problem solving; visual motor construction
507: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
174:
The WechslerâBellevue tests were innovative in the 1930s because they:
166:, including the point-scale concept and the performance-scale concept.
75:
29:
1582:
880:
Transcribe a digit-symbol code using a key. The task is time-limited.
689:
Ability to express abstract social conventions, rules and expressions
2501:
1000:"WASI" redirects here. For the system interface for WebAssembly, see
1685:"Wechsler's Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence, 5th ed"
372:
The Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) included the following tests:
2110:
Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status
348:
262:
1776:
1367:. La Mesa (CA): Jerome M. Sattler, publisher. inside back cover.
243:. Because the Wechsler tests included non-verbal items (known as
2048:
1790:
1678:(5th and enlarged ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Witkins.
476:
282:
267:
Cubes and a target pattern of the WAIS-R's "Block Design" test
1302:
Psychological Testing: Principles, Applications, & Issues
223:
The WAIS was initially created as a revision of the Wechslerâ
93:
The original WAIS (Form I) was published in February 1955 by
1149:
1147:
1056:
Name objects in pictures or define words presented to them.
646:
Name objects in pictures or define words presented to them.
1390:
Psychological testing: Principles, applications, and issues
826:
Quantitative reasoning, concentration, mental manipulation
1676:
Wechsler's Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence
1532:"Psychological Testing: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale"
181:
used the point scale concept instead of the age scale, and
1304:(8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage learning.
808:
Working memory, attention, encoding, auditory processing
1059:
Semantic knowledge; verbal comprehension and expression
883:
Processing speed, associative memory, graphomotor speed
649:
Semantic knowledge; verbal comprehension and expression
976:, and are commonly accepted as qualifying evidence for
934:
Quantity, which was originally featured in the WISC-V.
239:
scale. The WAIS was first released in February 1955 by
1733:(4th ed.). Baltimore (MD): Williams & Witkins
1258:. Baltimore (MD): Williams & Witkins. p. 229.
686:
Questions about social situations or common concepts.
1781:
1435:
Silva, Paulo G. R.; Huijsing, Johan H., eds. (2008),
823:
Orally administered arithmetic word problems. Timed.
2449:
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence
1441:
High-Resolution If-To-Baseband ÎŁÎ Adc For Car Radios
1411:
LIST OF TESTS Available from the CPS Testing Library
1105:
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence
952:
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence
2514:
2500:
2467:
2426:
2370:
2354:
2318:
2297:
2261:
2215:
2174:
2118:
2082:
2011:
1978:
1927:
1895:
1832:
1730:
The Measurement and Appraisal of Adult Intelligence
1227:"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale | Fifth Edition"
50:
38:
28:
23:
424:The Perceptual Organization Index (POI) included:
16:IQ test designed to measure intelligence in adults
2413:Pediatric Attention Disorders Diagnostic Screener
2378:British Columbia Postconcussion Symptom Inventory
2418:Rivermead post-concussion symptoms questionnaire
1322:(3rd ed.). Hoboken (NJ): Wiley. p. 6.
1161:(3rd ed.). Hoboken (NJ): Wiley. p. 7.
1045:Describe how two words or concepts are similar.
972:The Wechsler tests can also be used to identify
628:Describe how two words or concepts are similar.
2003:Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS)
1350:. New York: Springer Publishing. p. 112.
1048:Abstract verbal reasoning; semantic knowledge
631:Abstract verbal reasoning; semantic knowledge
2060:
1857:WoodcockâJohnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities
1802:
1526:
1524:
1365:Assessment of Children: Cognitive Foundations
8:
2487:General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition
1401:
1399:
453:Subtest(s) not included in the sub-indices:
400:Subtest(s) not included in the sub-indices:
1909:Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
1407:"Wechsler Adult Intelligence ScaleâRevised"
1320:Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence
1159:Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence
1128:Assessing Adolescent and Adult Intelligence
769:Ability to quickly perceive visual details
440:The Processing Speed Index (PSI) included:
317:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2095:Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery
2067:
2053:
2045:
1901:
1809:
1795:
1787:
844:Working memory, attention, mental control
2100:LuriaâNebraska Neuropsychological Battery
1993:LuriaâNebraska Neuropsychological Battery
1719:. Baltimore (MD): Williams & Witkins.
1700:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
523:Learn how and when to remove this message
386:The Working Memory Index (WMI) included:
337:Learn how and when to remove this message
2444:Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
1847:Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
1481:(Press release). Pearson. 28 August 2008
1283:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1100:Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
1019:
956:Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
591:
534:
184:included a non-verbal performance scale.
88:Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
1862:Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
1638:Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment
1392:(7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
1388:Kaplan, R. M.; Saccuzzo, D. P. (2009).
1300:Kaplan, R. M.; Saccuzzo, D. P. (2010).
1193:Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment
1115:
2326:DelisâKaplan Executive Function System
2141:Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test
1689:British Journal of Industrial Medicine
1413:. Center for Psychological Studies at
954:(WPPSI, 2Âœâ7 years, 7 months) and the
128:This theory differed greatly from the
20:
2284:Controlled Oral Word Association Test
2269:Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination
2146:Morningnessâeveningness questionnaire
1777:Classics in the History of Psychology
1717:The Measurement of Adult Intelligence
1256:The Measurement of Adult Intelligence
1130:(3rd ed.). Hoboken (NJ): Wiley.
766:Select the missing part of a picture
7:
1988:Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
1182:
1180:
1178:
1084:Nonverbal abstract problem solving,
730:Nonverbal abstract problem solving,
505:adding citations to reliable sources
315:adding citations to reliable sources
170:WechslerâBellevue Intelligence Scale
2482:Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination
2151:Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test
1318:; Lichtenberger, Elizabeth (2006).
1157:; Lichtenberger, Elizabeth (2006).
1126:; Lichtenberger, Elizabeth (2006).
930:the Expanded Working Memory Index.
2398:Florida Cognitive Activities Scale
1852:StanfordâBinet Intelligence Scales
593:WAIS-IV subtests grouped by index
253:StanfordâBinet Intelligence Scales
14:
2439:Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
1919:Revised NEO Personality Inventory
1842:Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
1016:WASI-II Subtests grouped by index
68:Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
24:Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
2508:Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale
891:
873:
855:
834:
816:
798:
777:
759:
741:
720:
702:
679:
657:
639:
621:
570:Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI)
567:Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI)
481:
287:
206:The Non-Verbal Performance Scale
2228:California Verbal Learning Test
492:needs additional citations for
231:' army testing program and the
2454:Wechsler Test of Adult Reading
2238:Digit symbol substitution test
2166:Test of Variables of Attention
2034:Vineland Social Maturity Scale
1:
2492:Miniâmental state examination
2477:Abbreviated mental test score
2207:ReyâOsterrieth complex figure
2105:Montreal Cognitive Assessment
1998:Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure
1887:Binet-Simon Intelligence Test
1674:Matarazzo, Joseph D. (1972).
958:(WISC, 6â16 years) are used.
130:Binet-Simon Intelligence Test
2459:Raven's Progressive Matrices
2197:Judgment of Line Orientation
2187:Benton Visual Retention Test
2029:Benton Visual Retention Test
1882:Raven's Progressive Matrices
1415:Nova Southeastern University
1034:Proposed abilities measured
664:General knowledge questions
610:Proposed abilities measured
576:Processing Speed Index (PSI)
2434:National Adult Reading Test
2346:Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
2289:Thurstone Word Fluency Test
2126:Continuous performance task
1872:Differential Ability Scales
1867:Cognitive Assessment System
1683:R. D. Savage (April 1974).
1449:10.1007/978-1-4020-8164-4_1
1363:Sattler, Jerome M. (2008).
874:
856:
817:
799:
742:
721:
703:
658:
640:
622:
2562:
2522:Test of Memory Malingering
2305:Compensatory tracking task
2279:Comprehensive aphasia test
2223:1-2-AX working memory task
2161:Test of everyday attention
1937:Thematic apperception test
1501:"WAIS-5 Overview Brochure"
1231:www.pearsonassessments.com
999:
892:
835:
778:
760:
680:
573:Working Memory Index (WMI)
549:Perceptual Reasoning Index
545:Verbal Comprehension Index
109:, with the fifth edition (
90:(WISC) is commonly used.
2331:Hayling and Brixton tests
2019:Mental status examination
1966:Sentence completion tests
1904:
1063:
1038:
887:
869:
851:
848:
831:Letter-Number Sequencing
830:
812:
794:
791:
773:
755:
751:Visual spatial reasoning
737:
716:
696:
693:
675:
653:
635:
617:
614:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
2546:Neuropsychological tests
2383:Clinical Dementia Rating
2362:Epworth Sleepiness Scale
2233:Corsi block-tapping test
2076:Neuropsychological tests
1650:10.1177/0734282912467756
1632:Weschler, David (2011).
1558:"Qualifying test scores"
1205:10.1177/0734282906288389
967:neuropsychological tests
412:Letter-Number-Sequencing
396:Letter-Number-Sequencing
97:, Chief Psychologist at
2393:Disability Rating Scale
2388:Digit Cancellation Test
1980:Neuropsychological test
1002:Webassembly § WASI
974:intellectual giftedness
787:Quantitative reasoning
559:Index scores and scales
105:), released in 2008 by
671:acquired from culture
539:
353:
268:
2408:Glasgow Outcome Scale
2253:Wechsler Memory Scale
2192:Dot cancellation test
2024:Wechsler Memory Scale
1950:Holtzman inkblot test
1064:Perceptual Reasoning
1039:Verbal Comprehension
694:Perceptual Reasoning
615:Verbal Comprehension
538:
352:
266:
164:psychological testing
2371:Specific impairments
2336:Tower of London test
2310:Purdue Pegboard Test
2175:Sensation/Perception
2131:D2 Test of Attention
1961:Animal Metaphor Test
1583:"Intertel â Join us"
501:improve this article
417:Performance IQ (PIQ)
311:improve this section
78:designed to measure
2182:Bender-Gestalt Test
1587:www.intertel-iq.org
1086:inductive reasoning
1021:
990:Triple Nine Society
756:Picture Completion
732:inductive reasoning
669:general information
594:
457:Picture Arrangement
445:Digit Symbol-Coding
189:Point scale concept
2541:Intelligence tests
2403:Glasgow Coma Scale
2274:Boston Naming Test
2156:Posner cueing task
1914:16PF Questionnaire
1834:Intelligence tests
1612:www.triplenine.org
1020:
963:neuropsychologists
946:Age range and uses
915:U.S. Census Bureau
592:
540:
436:Picture Completion
354:
269:
245:performance scales
2528:
2527:
2341:Trail Making Test
2119:Arousal/Attention
2042:
2041:
1974:
1973:
1897:Personality tests
1877:Ammons Quick Test
1757:978-0-12-375035-8
1458:978-1-4020-8164-4
1374:978-0-9702671-4-6
1357:978-0-8261-0629-2
1329:978-0-471-73553-3
1168:978-0-471-73553-3
1137:978-0-471-73553-3
1091:
1090:
1078:Matrix Reasoning
978:high-IQ societies
905:
904:
901:Processing speed
865:Processing speed
849:Processing Speed
717:Matrix Reasoning
533:
532:
525:
347:
346:
339:
99:Bellevue Hospital
84:cognitive ability
64:
63:
2553:
2243:Doors and People
2069:
2062:
2055:
2046:
1929:Projective tests
1902:
1811:
1804:
1797:
1788:
1761:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1720:
1706:
1704:
1679:
1662:
1661:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1528:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1505:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1361:
1344:Kaufman, Alan S.
1340:
1334:
1333:
1316:Kaufman, Alan S.
1312:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1260:
1259:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1184:
1173:
1172:
1155:Kaufman, Alan S.
1151:
1142:
1141:
1124:Kaufman, Alan S.
1120:
1022:
895:
894:
877:
876:
859:
858:
838:
837:
820:
819:
802:
801:
781:
780:
763:
762:
745:
744:
724:
723:
706:
705:
683:
682:
661:
660:
643:
642:
625:
624:
595:
528:
521:
517:
514:
508:
485:
477:
433:Matrix Reasoning
342:
335:
331:
328:
322:
291:
283:
60:
21:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2510:
2496:
2463:
2422:
2366:
2350:
2319:Problem-solving
2314:
2293:
2257:
2211:
2170:
2136:Four boxes test
2114:
2078:
2073:
2043:
2038:
2007:
1970:
1923:
1891:
1828:
1824:evaluation and
1815:
1768:
1758:
1745:
1736:
1734:
1725:Wechsler, David
1723:
1713:Wechsler, David
1711:
1682:
1673:
1670:
1668:Further reading
1665:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1616:
1614:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1541:
1539:
1538:. 17 March 2019
1530:
1529:
1522:
1512:
1510:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1417:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1375:
1362:
1358:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1298:
1263:
1252:Wechsler, David
1250:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1233:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1186:
1185:
1176:
1169:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1096:
1005:
998:
948:
923:
910:
908:Standardization
792:Working Memory
774:Figure Weights
738:Visual Puzzles
561:
529:
518:
512:
509:
498:
486:
475:
465:Object Assembly
419:
363:
361:Verbal IQ (VIQ)
343:
332:
326:
323:
308:
292:
281:
261:
221:
208:
191:
172:
119:
56:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2559:
2557:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2533:
2532:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2473:
2471:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2049:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1946:Rorschach test
1939:
1933:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1905:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1782:WAIS Estimator
1779:
1774:
1767:
1766:External links
1764:
1763:
1762:
1756:
1743:
1721:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1644:(3): 337â341.
1624:
1599:
1574:
1562:American Mensa
1549:
1536:mentalhelp.net
1520:
1492:
1470:
1457:
1437:"Introduction"
1427:
1395:
1380:
1373:
1356:
1348:IQ Testing 101
1335:
1328:
1307:
1261:
1243:
1218:
1199:(3): 278â295.
1174:
1167:
1143:
1136:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
997:
994:
947:
944:
922:
919:
909:
906:
903:
902:
899:
896:
889:
885:
884:
881:
878:
871:
867:
866:
863:
860:
853:
852:Symbol Search
850:
846:
845:
842:
839:
832:
828:
827:
824:
821:
814:
810:
809:
806:
803:
796:
793:
789:
788:
785:
782:
775:
771:
770:
767:
764:
757:
753:
752:
749:
746:
739:
735:
734:
728:
725:
718:
714:
713:
710:
707:
700:
695:
691:
690:
687:
684:
677:
676:Comprehension
673:
672:
665:
662:
655:
651:
650:
647:
644:
637:
633:
632:
629:
626:
619:
616:
612:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
590:
589:
585:
578:
577:
574:
571:
568:
560:
557:
553:working memory
531:
530:
489:
487:
480:
474:
471:
470:
469:
466:
459:
458:
451:
450:
447:
438:
437:
434:
431:
418:
415:
414:
413:
406:
405:
398:
397:
394:
391:
384:
383:
380:
377:
367:working memory
362:
359:
345:
344:
295:
293:
286:
280:
277:
260:
257:
241:David Wechsler
220:
217:
207:
204:
190:
187:
186:
185:
182:
179:
171:
168:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
146:
143:
135:David Wechsler
118:
115:
95:David Wechsler
62:
61:
54:
48:
47:
42:
36:
35:
32:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2558:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2523:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2070:
2065:
2063:
2058:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1942:Ink blot test
1940:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:Psychological
1812:
1807:
1805:
1800:
1798:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1628:
1625:
1613:
1609:
1608:"Test Scores"
1603:
1600:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1575:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1537:
1533:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1509:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1480:
1474:
1471:
1460:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1359:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1232:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1067:Block Design
1066:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1042:Similarities
1041:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1003:
995:
993:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
970:
968:
964:
959:
957:
953:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
920:
918:
916:
907:
900:
897:
890:
888:Cancellation
886:
882:
879:
872:
868:
864:
861:
854:
847:
843:
840:
833:
829:
825:
822:
815:
811:
807:
804:
797:
790:
786:
783:
776:
772:
768:
765:
758:
754:
750:
747:
740:
736:
733:
729:
726:
719:
715:
711:
708:
701:
699:
692:
688:
685:
678:
674:
670:
666:
663:
656:
652:
648:
645:
638:
634:
630:
627:
620:
618:Similarities
613:
596:
586:
583:
582:
581:
575:
572:
569:
566:
565:
564:
558:
556:
554:
550:
546:
537:
527:
524:
516:
513:November 2016
506:
502:
496:
495:
490:This section
488:
484:
479:
478:
472:
468:Symbol Search
467:
464:
463:
462:
456:
455:
454:
449:Symbol Search
448:
446:
443:
442:
441:
435:
432:
430:
427:
426:
425:
422:
416:
411:
410:
409:
404:Comprehension
403:
402:
401:
395:
392:
389:
388:
387:
381:
378:
375:
374:
373:
370:
368:
360:
358:
351:
341:
338:
330:
327:November 2016
320:
316:
312:
306:
305:
301:
296:This section
294:
290:
285:
284:
278:
276:
273:
265:
258:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:Robert Yerkes
226:
218:
216:
212:
205:
203:
199:
196:
188:
183:
180:
177:
176:
175:
169:
167:
165:
156:
153:
150:
147:
144:
140:
139:
138:
136:
131:
126:
124:
116:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
59:
55:
53:
49:
46:
43:
41:
37:
33:
31:
27:
22:
19:
2438:
2427:Intelligence
2202:Navon figure
1841:
1747:
1735:. Retrieved
1729:
1716:
1692:
1688:
1675:
1641:
1637:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1611:
1602:
1590:. Retrieved
1586:
1577:
1565:. Retrieved
1561:
1552:
1540:. Retrieved
1535:
1511:. Retrieved
1507:
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1473:
1462:, retrieved
1440:
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1410:
1389:
1383:
1364:
1347:
1338:
1319:
1310:
1301:
1255:
1246:
1234:. Retrieved
1230:
1221:
1196:
1192:
1158:
1127:
1118:
1031:Description
1015:
1014:
1010:
1006:
971:
960:
949:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
911:
698:Block Design
654:Information
607:Description
579:
562:
541:
519:
510:
499:Please help
494:verification
491:
460:
452:
439:
429:Block Design
423:
420:
407:
399:
385:
379:Similarities
371:
364:
355:
333:
324:
309:Please help
297:
274:
270:
249:Lewis Terman
244:
222:
213:
209:
200:
192:
173:
160:
127:
123:intelligence
120:
110:
102:
92:
80:intelligence
71:
67:
65:
18:
2516:Malingering
2012:Other tests
1956:Szondi test
1822:psychiatric
1542:23 December
1053:Vocabulary
813:Arithmetic
795:Digit Span
636:Vocabulary
376:Information
2535:Categories
2248:MCI Screen
1695:(2): 169.
1691:(Review).
1464:3 December
1236:6 February
1111:References
980:, such as
667:Degree of
393:Digit Span
390:Arithmetic
382:Vocabulary
34:WAIS, WISC
2090:Cognistat
1658:146832097
1213:0734-2829
298:does not
2469:Bed-side
2262:Language
1727:(1958).
1715:(1939).
1617:25 April
1592:25 April
1567:25 April
1513:18 April
1485:20 March
1420:31 March
1346:(2009).
1254:(1939).
1094:See also
1028:Subtest
988:and the
986:Intertel
601:Subtest
588:demands.
279:WAIS-III
225:Bellevue
74:) is an
40:ICD-9-CM
30:Synonyms
2083:Battery
1826:testing
1702:1009574
1508:Pearson
996:WASI-II
870:Coding
473:WAIS-IV
319:removed
304:sources
193:In the
117:History
111:WAIS-5)
107:Pearson
103:WAIS-IV
76:IQ test
58:D014888
2502:Social
2216:Memory
1754:
1737:4 June
1699:
1656:
1455:
1371:
1354:
1326:
1211:
1165:
1134:
1025:Index
921:WAIS-5
604:Core?
598:Index
259:WAIS-R
2355:Sleep
2298:Motor
1654:S2CID
1504:(PDF)
982:Mensa
237:Simon
233:Binet
195:Binet
45:94.01
1820:and
1752:ISBN
1739:2013
1619:2021
1594:2021
1569:2021
1544:2020
1515:2024
1487:2012
1466:2023
1453:ISBN
1422:2009
1369:ISBN
1352:ISBN
1324:ISBN
1238:2024
1209:ISSN
1163:ISBN
1132:ISBN
965:use
302:any
300:cite
219:WAIS
82:and
72:WAIS
66:The
52:MeSH
1697:PMC
1646:doi
1445:doi
1201:doi
503:by
313:by
251:'s
2537::
1948:,
1693:31
1687:.
1652:.
1642:31
1640:.
1636:.
1610:.
1585:.
1560:.
1534:.
1523:^
1506:.
1451:,
1439:,
1409:.
1398:^
1264:^
1229:.
1207:.
1197:24
1195:.
1191:.
1177:^
1146:^
992:.
984:,
369:.
2068:e
2061:t
2054:v
1952:)
1944:(
1810:e
1803:t
1796:v
1760:.
1741:.
1705:.
1660:.
1648::
1621:.
1596:.
1571:.
1546:.
1517:.
1489:.
1447::
1424:.
1377:.
1360:.
1332:.
1240:.
1215:.
1203::
1171:.
1140:.
1004:.
526:)
520:(
515:)
511:(
497:.
340:)
334:(
329:)
325:(
321:.
307:.
235:-
70:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
