604:
1601:
192:
speakers today) had a historically attested population of Tangut people in 945 AD. As a result, based on both historiographical and linguistic evidence, Lai et al. (2020) place the ultimate homeland of the Tangut in present-day western
1016:
1007:
128:
to West
Gyalrongic. Beaudouin (2023) through a morphosyntactic analysis based on phonetic correspondences, shows that Tangut should be included within the Horpa languages.
1642:
401:
1258:
1666:
372:
Guillaume
Jacques; Yunfan Lai; Anton Antonov; Lobsang Nima. 2017. "Stau (Ergong, Horpa)." In Graham Thurgood and Randy J. LaPolla (eds.),
1635:
394:
1251:
603:
1128:
1628:
387:
161:
Sagart et al. (2019) estimate that West and East
Gyalrongic had diverged from each other about 3,000 years before present.
1244:
1133:
789:
1186:
834:
472:
1179:
756:
1661:
224:
Lai, Yunfan; Gong, Xun; Gates, Jesse P.; Jacques, Guillaume (2020-12-01). "Tangut as a West
Gyalrongic language".
1079:
526:
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576:
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from 881AD, which indicates another scenario, as they could not migrate to a place they were already situated.
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44:
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121:
54:
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185:
132:
77:
1415:
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588:
454:
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1433:
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861:
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626:
534:
480:
460:
342:
302:
280:
241:
49:
1612:
124:. On the basis of both morphological and lexical evidence, Lai et al. (2020) add the extinct
1482:
1346:
1304:
1108:
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1038:
1012:
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920:
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806:
699:
686:
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561:
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332:
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1495:
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1428:
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1054:
913:
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734:
568:
515:
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492:
177:
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148:
125:
88:
39:
1584:
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740:
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429:
313:(2019), "Dated language phylogenies shed light on the history of Sino-Tibetan",
315:
Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
284:
245:
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indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
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237:
165:
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379:
1236:
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194:
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261:"Tangut and Horpa languages: Some shared morphosyntactic features"
32:
355:"Origin of Sino-Tibetan language family revealed by new research"
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71:
38:
26:
21:
16:Branch of the Gyalrongic languages of Sino-Tibetan
305:; Lai, Yunfan; Ryder, Robin; Thouzeau, Valentin;
164:Although Tangut is most commonly associated with
200:However, the Tangut were already rulers of the
1636:
1252:
395:
184:; roughly located between the territories of
8:
376:, 597â613. London & New York: Routledge.
232:(s41âs1). Walter de Gruyter GmbH: 171â203.
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1615:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
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259:Beaudouin, Mathieu (2023-09-14).
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602:
1:
361:(Press release). May 6, 2019.
176:(Chinese: éć·çžŁ JÄ«nchuÄn XiĂ n,
172:, Zhoushan (ćšć±±, ZhĆushÄn) in
1667:Sino-Tibetan language stubs
1683:
1594:
374:The Sino-Tibetan Languages
1577:
1224:
600:
118:West Gyalrongic languages
40:Linguistic classification
265:Language and Linguistics
328:10.1073/pnas.1817972116
1611:-related article is a
1609:Sino-Tibetan languages
277:10.1075/lali.00142.bea
238:10.1515/flih-2020-0006
120:constitute a group of
1129:Central Tibeto-Burman
168:, the capital of the
1267:Na-Qiangic languages
122:Gyalrongic languages
1187:Proto-Tibeto-Burman
321:(21): 10317â10322,
311:List, Johann-Mattis
307:Greenhill, Simon J.
135:(formerly known as
1180:Proto-Sino-Tibetan
1122:Proposed groupings
303:Jacques, Guillaume
1662:Qiangic languages
1624:
1623:
1592:
1591:
1585:extinct languages
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1341:
1340:
1234:
1233:
1117:
1116:
1002:
1001:
843:
842:
598:
597:
226:Folia Linguistica
114:
113:
109:(West Gyalrongic)
1674:
1645:
1638:
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1603:
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1412:
1380:
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1261:
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1247:
1238:
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771:
606:
523:
404:
397:
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381:
365:
362:
350:
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295:
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202:Dingnan Jiedushi
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19:
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1649:
1593:
1588:
1569:
1553:
1537:
1521:
1505:
1473:
1449:West Gyalrongic
1443:
1416:East Gyalrongic
1401:
1369:
1337:
1309:
1293:
1268:
1265:
1235:
1230:
1220:
1171:Proto-languages
1165:
1113:
1080:Greater Siangic
1074:
1011:
998:
935:
839:
811:
769:
713:
704:
616:
607:
594:
527:Greater Magaric
521:
448:West Himalayish
428:
414:
408:
369:
368:
353:
299:Sagart, Laurent
297:
296:
292:
258:
257:
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223:
222:
215:
210:
178:Written Tibetan
174:Jinchuan County
159:
126:Tangut language
108:
102:
60:West Gyalrongic
28:
22:West Gyalrongic
17:
12:
11:
5:
1680:
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1579:Cross (â ) and
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1403:
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1397:Southern Qiang
1394:
1392:Northern Qiang
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1211:
1204:
1197:
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1164:
1163:
1161:Tibeto-Kanauri
1158:
1151:
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1141:
1136:
1134:Kuki-ChinâNaga
1131:
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917:
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865:
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853:Southeast Asia
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837:
832:
827:
821:
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790:AngamiâPochuri
787:
781:
779:
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714:Burmese border
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409:
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271:(4): 611â673.
251:
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1242:
1239:
1228:
1223:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1201:Proto-Karenic
1198:
1196:
1195:
1194:Proto-Loloish
1191:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:
1155:Tibeto-Burman
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1107:
1103:
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1098:
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1089:
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1083:
1081:
1077:
1071:
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1057:
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1029:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1005:
993:
992:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
977:
976:
975:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
957:
954:
953:
952:
951:
947:
946:
944:
942:
941:Burmo-Qiangic
938:
930:
929:
925:
923:
922:
918:
916:
915:
911:
910:
909:
906:
904:
903:
899:
897:
896:
892:
890:
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883:
880:
878:
877:
873:
871:
870:
866:
864:
863:
859:
858:
856:
854:
850:
846:
836:
835:JingphoâLuish
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
822:
820:
818:
814:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
797:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
782:
780:
777:
772:
766:
765:
761:
759:
758:
754:
750:
749:
745:
743:
742:
738:
737:
736:
733:
731:
730:
726:
724:
723:
719:
718:
716:
711:
707:
701:
698:
696:
695:
691:
689:
688:
684:
682:
681:
677:
672:
671:
667:
665:
664:
660:
658:
657:
653:
651:
648:
646:
645:
641:
640:
639:
638:
634:
633:
631:
628:
624:
620:
615:
610:
605:
591:
590:
585:
584:
580:
578:
575:
571:
570:
566:
564:
563:
559:
558:
557:
554:
550:
549:
545:
543:
542:
538:
537:
536:
533:
532:
530:
528:
524:
518:
517:
513:
509:
508:
504:
502:
501:
497:
495:
494:
490:
489:
488:
485:
483:
482:
478:
474:
473:BaramâThangmi
471:
469:
468:
464:
463:
462:
459:
457:
456:
452:
450:
449:
445:
444:
442:
439:
435:
431:
426:
422:
417:
412:
405:
400:
398:
393:
391:
386:
385:
382:
375:
371:
370:
360:
356:
352:
351:
348:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
294:
291:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
255:
252:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
220:
218:
214:
207:
205:
203:
198:
196:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:Tangut Empire
167:
162:
156:
150:
146:
145:
144:
141:
138:
134:
131:
130:
129:
127:
123:
119:
105:
101:
99:
95:
90:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
75:
74:
61:
58:
57:
56:
53:
52:
51:
48:
47:
46:
43:
41:
37:
34:
31:
25:
20:
1617:expanding it
1606:
1580:
1466:
1448:
1226:
1213:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1153:
1099:
1092:
1067:
1053:
1046:
1037:
1030:
989:
974:Lolo-Burmese
972:
948:
926:
919:
912:
900:
893:
886:
874:
867:
860:
794:
762:
755:
746:
739:
727:
720:
692:
685:
678:
668:
661:
654:
642:
635:
587:
581:
567:
560:
546:
539:
514:
505:
498:
491:
479:
465:
453:
446:
411:Sino-Tibetan
373:
359:ScienceDaily
358:
318:
314:
293:
268:
264:
254:
229:
225:
199:
181:
163:
160:
136:
117:
115:
72:Subdivisions
59:
45:Sino-Tibetan
29:distribution
1215:Proto-Hakka
1144:Mahakiranti
650:East Bodish
430:Uttarakhand
1656:Categories
1462:Khroskyabs
1407:Gyalrongic
1109:IduâTaraon
1063:MijuâMeyor
956:Gyalrongic
802:Tangkhulic
577:RajiâRaute
208:References
186:Khroskyabs
133:Khroskyabs
78:Khroskyabs
55:Gyalrongic
27:Geographic
1583:indicate
1208:Proto-Min
1139:Macro-Bai
1017:Arunachal
1010:(possible
825:BoroâGaro
729:Kuki-Chin
712:and Indo-
627:Arunachal
614:Himalayas
589:Tandrange
556:Chepangic
487:Dhimalish
421:Himalayas
285:1606-822X
246:1614-7308
98:Glottolog
1501:Drag-yab
1434:Tshobdun
1013:isolates
980:Mondzish
908:CaiâLong
656:Tshangla
612:Eastern
455:Tamangic
425:Himachal
419:Western
413:branches
347:31061123
166:Yinchuan
104:west2973
1581:italics
1375:Qiangic
1305:Shixing
1298:Shixing
1227:Italics
1088:Siangic
1069:Songlin
1048:Kho-Bwa
1026:Hrusish
1008:Dubious
991:Loloish
985:Burmish
950:Qiangic
921:Longjia
888:Karenic
882:Nungish
862:Sinitic
748:Hkongso
710:Myanmar
680:Gongduk
644:Tibetic
562:Chepang
535:Magaric
481:Kiranti
461:Newaric
338:6534992
195:Sichuan
182:Chuchen
157:History
137:Lavrung
107:
50:Qiangic
1496:Larong
1483:Chamdo
1468:Tangut
1429:Japhug
1347:Ersuic
1289:Namuyi
1282:Namuyi
1101:Milang
1055:Puroik
1039:Mijiic
963:Ersuic
914:Caijia
830:Konyak
796:Meitei
700:Chamdo
637:Bodish
623:Bhutan
569:Bhujel
516:Lepcha
507:Lhokpu
493:Dhimal
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