598:, Nevada on September 24, 1964 that provided six minutes of continuous operation. By April 23, 1965 the NRX-A3 provided sixteen minutes of operation and a three-minute restart and incorporated pulse cooling for the first time. In 1966 the NRX-A5/EST delivered two separate periods of full power totaling 30 minutes. On December, 1967 the NRX-A6 delivered sixty minutes of operation at full power and on June 11, 1969 the XE engine was started twenty times for a total of three hours and forty-eight minutes, eleven of which were at full power. By 1970, the proposed NERVA I concept vehicle that evolved out of this work was projected to be capable of delivering 1500 MW of power and 75,000 pounds of thrust. It also had a projected lifetime runtime of ten hours and could be started and stopped up to 60 times while delivering a specific impulse of 850 seconds. Its total weight was less than 15,000 pounds. Westinghouse and Aerojet were ready to begin construction of the first flight engines to be launched from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida beginning in 1973 when the program was canceled. The total amount spent on the project up to that time was $ 1.45 billion and more than 1,100 people were employed by the project. A NASA plan released in 1969 to land the first humans on Mars by 1981 using the NERVA engines was also quietly shelved at that time. Government funding for the NERVA program was ended in 1972 due to "lack of clear requirements for its capabilities." However, work on the project helped achieve major milestones in developing high-temperature/high-strength materials technology, which finds application in aerospace and a myriad of private-sector industries.
633:(part of Southern Company) and the U.S. Department of Energy, STEP operated from 1982 until 1989. Covering more than 5 acres (20,000 m), it was the world's largest solar thermal cogeneration project. It consisted of 114 tracking parabolic-dish collectors (7 m dia), which heated a transfer fluid that produced high-pressure steam for generating electricity that was fed to an adjacent knitwear factory owned and operated by Bleyle of Germany. Downstream of the turbine, medium-pressure steam was piped to the plant for knitwear pressing, and low-pressure steam was used to provide air conditioning. The project was dismantled in 1989 when the turbine failed and there were no funds to replace it or provide other needed maintenance on the facility.
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614:(AESD), making it an R&D site for development of nonconventional renewable energy systems. According to the official announcement, AESD's mission would be "Engineering today's science into tomorrow's power systems." Under the leadership of Max Johnson, General Manager, AESD engineers designed and built prototype devices such as a
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at the
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) in 1982. Along with the Advanced Coal Conversion Department (ACCD) and Advanced Reactors Division (ARD), AESD and FPSD constituted the Company's Advanced Power Systems Business Unit (APSBU), which was based at the Company's Waltz Mill Site in Madison,
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In May 2010, PMTI was acquired by
Lancaster, Pennsylvania based Thermacore Inc. who renamed PMTI as Thermacore Materials Technology and moved operations to Rostraver, PA. Thermacore was acquired by Aavid and then by Boyd Corporation in 2017. Boyd Corporation subsequently shut down PMTI/Thermacore
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Other work conducted at AESD included testing of nickel metal hydride battery prototypes. A phosphoric acid fuel cell was designed, built, and tested successfully. Dendritic web silicon photocells were built and tested, and that business was later sold and transferred to Solar Power
Industries Inc.
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Under the NERVA contract, the initial objective was to build a rocket engine that could deliver at least 825 seconds of specific impulse, at least 50,000 pounds of thrust, at least 10 minutes of continuous operation at full thrust, and have the ability to start up on its own with no external energy
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Program, with a significant subcontract to WANL for development of the reactor itself. With the award, WANL selected the Large site as the base for operations and moved its personnel to the facility. Originally authorized in May 1959, WANL officially became a
Westinghouse division on July 26, 1959
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The Large distillery eventually ceased operations and the property was sold to a developer who leased it to
Westinghouse in the 1950s, and several of the warehouse buildings were adapted for developing and testing reactor plant components for the nuclear submarine development program underway at
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Historical Note: The Large site is that of the former Large
Distillery, founded by Jonathan Large (1794-1862), who came to the area as a child in 1797 after the Whiskey Rebellion. The distillery originally produced Monongahela rye whiskey, which was a local favorite. Management of the distillery
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The former WANL/AESD/FPSD Large site closed for good in the early 1990s, and space was leased to a range of commercial tenants. In 1994, a group of former employees at the site formed
Pittsburgh Materials Technology Inc. (PMTI) to build upon the capabilities developed by Westinghouse, including
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fuel elements containing pyrographite-coated beads of uranium pellets coated with niobium carbide to prevent corrosion by exposure to the hydrogen propellant. Each fuel rod cluster was supported by an inconel tie rod. The fuel pellets were provided by
Westinghouse Astrofuel's Cheswick plant in
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The PDU gasifier was eventually sold to
Kellogg-Rust, which operated it as Kellogg-Rust-Westinghouse and later KRW Energy Systems. Funding for the LMFBR project was discontinued in 1983, and ARD was merged into AESD at the Large site under Dr. W. Howard Arnold. At the same time, a new Waste
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later passed to
Jonathan's son, Henry, who ensured the distillery's success by making "Large Monongahela Rye Whiskey" a national brand. Eventually, the Large Distillery was sold to The National Distillery Company, which retired the Large label but continued to market the whiskey as
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under the leadership of John Wistar Simpson. Cornell University physicist Sidney Krasik served as the first technical director and Frank Cotter was the first marketing director. Born in 1914, Simpson graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1937 and earned an MS from the
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John Yasinsky, general manager of ACCD in the late 1970s, became general manager of the Advanced Power Systems Divisions in the early 1980s and was named CEO of Westinghouse Electric Corporation in the early 1990s. By 1995, Yasinsky had moved on to become chairman and CEO of
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source. Liquid hydrogen served as the propellant that was supplied to the reactor core by turbopumps and also provided regenerative cooling. The cylindrical graphite core was surrounded by twelve rotating control drums with beryllium on one side to reflect neutrons and
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WANL's origins can be traced to 1959 when a dozen engineers and technical specialists from Bettis set up a lab in nearby Whitehall, Pa., for the purpose of bidding on government research and development contracts. In 1960, the operation moved to a new site in
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in 1954, the first commercial nuclear power plant in the United States. Promoted the next year to general manager of the Bettis Laboratory, he was elected a Westinghouse vice president in 1958 and by 1959 was eager to take on the new challenge of developing
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of West Newton, Pa. AESD engineers also built a prototype for a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system utilizing hot plasma gases emitted by a coal-fired power plant. The exhaust gasses passed through a copper plate channel, generating additional electricity .
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Technology Services Division (WTSD), under Leo P. Duffy, was formed to address nuclear waste handling and disposal issues. Both Arnold and Duffy had decades of nuclear-related experience with Westinghouse at Bettis, WANL, and government labs.
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While other innovative projects (such as development of a fully implantable, self-contained, nuclear-powered artificial heart) were pursued into the mid-1970s, WANL ceased operations as a formal Westinghouse division shortly thereafter.
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advanced refractory metal alloys. As of 2007, PMTI was still melting, processing and testing alloys such as niobium-base, tantalum-base, and vanadium-base compositions for a range of customers, particularly in the aerospace sector.
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in 1941. Working in the switchgear division of Westinghouse's East Pittsburgh plant, Simpson helped develop the electric switchboards that could survive the extreme impacts experienced by naval vessels in the
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ACCD operated a coal gasification process demonstration unit (PDU), which was funded by DoE in the early 1970s, and conducted related research projects. ARD had the development contract for the planned
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679:, although the name "Westinghouse" endures in various forms for companies in business sectors as diverse as commercial nuclear power, light bulbs, and large and small appliances.
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The laboratory was officially founded as a Westinghouse division on July 26, 1959 with six employees and at first operated out of offices in the Pittsburgh suburb of Whitehall.
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During the time that AESD was active, the Large site also housed the Westinghouse Fusion Power Systems Department (FPSD), which had a role in development and startup of the
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on the other side to absorb neutrons to control the rate of the nuclear reaction in the core. The core consisted of clusters of hexagonal
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to familiarize himself with atomic power. Upon his return, he became assistant manager in the engineering department of the Westinghouse
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723:"Aiming for the Stars in Pennsylvania: The Forgotten Legacy of the Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory 1959-1973"
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technologies for the government, the lab was located, for most of its history, in the paradoxically small town of
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Pennsylvania, along I-70 a few miles west of the New Stanton interchange of the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-76).
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705:"American Whiskey: Distillers of Western Pennsylvania - Button Up Your Overholt, When The Wind Blows Free..."
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The first proof of concept test of an assembled Westinghouse-Aerojet rocket engine (NRX-A2) was conducted at
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Among AESD's successes was the winning site and conceptual design proposal for the
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physicist Sidney Krasik and Technical Director Frank Cotter as founding members.
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in West Mifflin, which Westinghouse operated during the same time and later.
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project at Clinch River, Tennessee, near the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
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the prime contract for its Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application
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Electrification of the New York, New Haven, and Hartford Railroad
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To the End of the Solar System, The Story of the Nuclear Rocket
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773:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. pp. 122–135.
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In 1976, the Company changed the name of the site to the
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along Pa. Rte 51, about 13 miles (21 km) south of
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1126:. Lakewood, Colorado: Polaris Books. pp. 45–83.
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1105:American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
569:. He subsequently managed the construction of the
561:. In 1946, he took a leave of absence to work at
578:to enable the exploration of the solar system.
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612:Westinghouse Advanced Energy Systems Division
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1066:Nuclear Power from Underseas to Outer Space
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1872:Engineering companies of the United States
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329:Learn how and when to remove this message
311:Learn how and when to remove this message
249:Learn how and when to remove this message
147:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1004:"Pittsburgh Materials Technology, Inc"
849:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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483:Bettis under the direction of Admiral
198:"Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory"
185:Please improve this article by adding
96:"Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory"
1052:Histories of the Astronuclear program
511:WANL's brief but important life cycle
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440:Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory
342:Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory
85:adding citations to reliable sources
1882:Research institutes in Pennsylvania
920:. February 22, 2013. Archived from
795:"Stichting Historie der Techniek -"
1887:Science parks in the United States
1124:Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Systems
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677:Westinghouse Electric Corporation
571:Shippingport Atomic Power Station
446:. Established in 1959 to develop
444:Westinghouse Electric Corporation
431:Westinghouse Electric Corporation
417:Frank Cotter (technical director)
31:This article has multiple issues.
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721:Shirk, Willis L. (Summer 2011).
641:Advanced Power Systems Divisions
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1380:Regeneron Science Talent Search
1333:Transit Expressway Revenue Line
529:Space Nuclear Propulsion Office
72:needs additional citations for
39:or discuss these issues on the
730:Pennsylvania Heritage Magazine
567:Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory
464:Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory
460:Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
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1431:Westinghouse Brake and Signal
1302:Westinghouse Electric Company
947:"Resume of Wm. Howard Arnold"
890:"Solar Power Industries, Inc"
563:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
187:secondary or tertiary sources
1031:. www.bizjournals.com. 2010
541:Aerojet General Corporation
470:Town of Large, Pennsylvania
291:the claims made and adding
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623:Solar Total Energy Project
535:, in conjunction with the
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1375:George Westinghouse Medal
1370:George Westinghouse Award
442:(WANL) was a division of
1701:Pittsburgh Parking Chair
1396:Westinghouse Works, 1904
1292:Westinghouse Electronics
1071:American Nuclear Society
550:University of Pittsburgh
537:Atomic Energy Commission
448:nuclear space propulsion
1770:2018 synagogue shooting
1099:Bruno, Claudio (2008).
625:(STEP) in Shenandoah ,
1426:Westinghouse Air Brake
1297:Westinghouse Licensing
1069:. La Grange Park, IL:
627:Coweta County, Georgia
576:nuclear rocket engines
372:; 65 years ago
174:relies excessively on
1877:Economy of Pittsburgh
1809:Notable Pittsburghers
1178:Westinghouse Electric
1122:Budin, David (2011).
769:Dewar, James (2004).
756:www.daviddarling.info
631:Georgia Power Company
503:headed the team with
1630:Allegheny Conference
1246:British Westinghouse
927:on February 22, 2013
81:improve this article
1640:Chamber of Commerce
1349:George Westinghouse
739:on August 13, 2015.
390:Large, Pennsylvania
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1730:Fictional settings
1511:City of Pittsburgh
1390:Westinghouse Tower
1323:Locomotives (list)
1282:Viacom (2005–2019)
1277:Viacom (1952–2006)
1230:White-Westinghouse
1220:Combustion Turbine
915:"Clean Coal Today"
539:, jointly awarded
505:Cornell University
370:July 26, 1959
276:possibly contains
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1572:District Attorney
1532:Convention Center
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1180:Corp. (1886–2000)
1133:978-0-9741443-3-7
1103:. Washington DC:
708:www.ellenjaye.com
485:Hyman G. Rickover
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1706:Picklesburgh
1686:cookie table
1669:Other topics
1645:Corporations
1394:
1239:Subsidiaries
1215:Broadcasting
1200:Astronuclear
1199:
1171:Westinghouse
1123:
1100:
1089:. Retrieved
1085:the original
1065:
1033:. Retrieved
1023:
1012:. Retrieved
1008:the original
998:
986:. Retrieved
979:the original
966:
955:. Retrieved
951:the original
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929:. Retrieved
922:the original
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898:. Retrieved
894:the original
884:
873:. Retrieved
869:the original
865:"Chapter 16"
859:
834:. Retrieved
827:the original
814:
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799:the original
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385:Headquarters
347:Company type
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307:
301:January 2010
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79:Please help
74:verification
71:
47:
40:
34:
33:Please help
30:
1826:Skyscrapers
1328:S2W reactor
1318:A2W reactor
1225:New England
531:'s project
1866:Categories
1743:television
1542:Courthouse
1519:Government
1265:Successors
1091:2014-05-16
1035:2021-10-27
1014:2021-10-27
957:2007-06-27
900:2007-06-25
875:2007-06-11
836:2007-06-28
805:2007-06-14
691:References
456:Pittsburgh
402:Key people
377:1959-07-26
285:improve it
209:newspapers
176:references
107:newspapers
36:improve it
1804:Nicknames
1784:Hospitals
1696:Green Man
1597:Education
1587:Libraries
1537:City Hall
1188:Divisions
988:March 14,
931:March 14,
616:heliostat
523:In 1961,
499:graduate
361:Aerospace
289:verifying
42:talk page
1850:Category
1760:timeline
1734:Filming
1655:HYP Club
1612:Regional
1562:InterGov
1459:Category
1311:Products
1256:Infinity
1205:Aviation
1063:(1995).
845:cite web
588:graphite
491:Founding
357:Industry
351:Division
1794:Museums
1750:History
1713:Dialect
1691:theatre
1681:Culture
1622:Economy
1592:Transit
1577:Sheriff
1552:Council
1527:Airport
1469:Commons
1210:Baldwin
1029:"Story"
752:"NERVA"
557:during
452:"Large"
375: (
367:Founded
283:Please
223:scholar
121:scholar
1831:Sports
1814:Region
1718:Yinzer
1567:Police
1557:Events
1342:People
1251:Bryant
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426:Parent
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1789:Media
1738:films
1602:Parks
1547:Mayor
982:(PDF)
975:(PDF)
925:(PDF)
918:(PDF)
830:(PDF)
823:(PDF)
737:(PDF)
726:(PDF)
584:boron
545:NERVA
533:NERVA
230:JSTOR
216:books
128:JSTOR
114:books
1755:name
1725:Flag
1607:Port
1582:Fire
1128:ISBN
1109:ISBN
1075:ISBN
990:2023
933:2023
851:link
775:ISBN
525:NASA
438:The
202:news
100:news
527:'s
458:in
287:by
178:to
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