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logos with one of the two newer logos. In 2012, 55 wikis that had been using the
English Wiktionary logo received localized versions of the 2006 design by "Smurrayinchester". In July 2016, the English Wiktionary adopted a variant of this logo. As of 4 July 2016, 135 wikis, representing 61% of Wiktionary's entries, use a logo based on the 2006 design by "Smurrayinchester", 33 wikis (36%) use a textual logo, and three wikis (3%) use the 2009 design by "AAEngelman".
53:
1117:
70:
488:
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476:(wiktionary.wikipedia.org) until May 1, 2004, when it switched to the current domain name. As of July 2021, Wiktionary features over 30 million articles (and even more entries) across its editions. The largest of the language editions is the English Wiktionary, with over 7.5 million entries, followed by the
1683:
711:
In April 2009, the issue was resurrected with a new contest. This time, a depiction by "AAEngelman" of an open hardbound dictionary won a head-to-head vote against the 2006 logo, but the process to refine and adopt the new logo then stalled. In the following years, some wikis replaced their textual
1211:
Is there a place for
Wiktionary? Undoubtedly. The industry and enthusiasm of its many creators are proof that there's a market. And it's wonderful to have another strong source to use when searching the odd terms that pop up in today's fast-changing world and the online environment. But as with so
559:
Dictionary
Project (FVDP), which provides free content bilingual dictionaries to and from Vietnamese. These imported entries make up virtually all of the Vietnamese edition's contents. Like the English edition, the French Wiktionary has imported approximately 20,000 entries from the
523:." Of the 1,269,938 definitions the English Wiktionary provides for 996,450 English words, 478,068 are "form of" definitions of this kind. This means that even without such entries, its coverage of English is significantly larger than that of major monolingual print dictionaries.
708:", a 3×3 grid of wooden tiles, each bearing a character from a different writing system. However, the poll did not see as much participation from the Wiktionary community as some community members had hoped, and a number of the larger wikis ultimately kept their textual logos.
720:
As of
September 2024, there are Wiktionary sites for 193 languages of which 169 are active and 24 are closed. The active sites have 41,240,529 articles, and the closed sites have 339 articles. There are 7,366,665 registered users of which 6,307 are recently active.
698:
Wiktionary has historically lacked a uniform logo across its numerous language editions. Some editions use logos that depict a dictionary entry about the term "Wiktionary", based on the previous
English Wiktionary logo, which was designed by Brooke Vibber, a
1225:
The measure of correctness of the inflections for a subset of the Polish words in the
English Wiktionary showed that this grammatical data is very stable (a study showed that only 131 out of 4,748 Polish words have had their inflection data corrected).
703:
developer. Because a purely textual logo must vary considerably from language to language, a four-phase contest to adopt a uniform logo was held at the
Wikimedia Meta-Wiki from September to October 2006. Some communities adopted the winning entry by
503:
that found creative ways to generate entries or (rarely) automatically imported thousands of entries from previously published dictionaries. Seven of the 18 bots registered at the
English Wiktionary in 2007 created 163,000 of the entries there.
436:
Because
Wiktionary is not limited by print space considerations, most of Wiktionary's language editions provide definitions and translations of terms from many languages, and some editions offer additional information typically found in
303:
241:
2874:
2907:
4169:
1475:(3) common words will be more likely to have been translated into multiple languages. These features extracted from Wiktionary entries were useful in distinguishing word types that appear in
3967:
1505::Lexicographical data" was started in 2018 to provide structured data support to Wiktionaries. It stores word data of all languages in a machine readable data model, under a dedicated "
4036:
3113:
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described it as "wild and woolly". One of the impediments to independent coverage of
Wiktionary is the continuing confusion that it is merely an extension of Knowledge (XXG).
1886:
495:
to generate large numbers of articles is visible as "growth spurts" in this graph of article counts at the largest eight Wiktionary editions. (Data as of December 2009)
1875:
4162:
568:. The French Wiktionary grew rapidly in 2006 thanks in a large part to bots copying many entries from old, freely licensed dictionaries, such as the eighth edition of the
1921:
1336:
of English Wiktionary and Russian Wiktionary. The parsed data includes language, parts of speech, definitions, quotations, semantic relations and translations. This is a
4103:
3713:
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definitions and over 1,269,938 total definitions (including different forms) for English entries alone, with a total of over 9,928,056 definitions across all languages.
1904:
4203:
4009:
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1704:
If there are several IPA notations on a Wiktionary page – either for different languages or for pronunciation variants, then the first pronunciation was extracted.
3247:
3670:
3611:
3058:
Smirnov A, Levashova T, Karpov A, Kipyatkova I, Ronzhin A, Krizhanovsky A, Krizhanovsky N (2012). "Analysis of the quotation corpus of the Russian Wiktionary".
2885:
1643:
1216:
References in other publications are fleeting and part of larger discussions of Knowledge (XXG), not progressing beyond a definition, although David Brooks in
571:
1943:
3807:
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1620:
1412:, where Wiktionary was used to automatically create pronunciation dictionaries. Word-pronunciation pairs were retrieved from 6 Wiktionary language editions (
3675:
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1325:. The data includes language, parts of speech, definitions, quotations, semantic relations, etymologies and translations. JWKTL is distributed under the
4141:
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37:
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2976:"How Many People Constitute a Crowd and What Do They Do? Quantitative Analyses of Revisions in the English and German Wiktionary Editions"
4148:
4128:
2733:
Proceedings of the 2012 Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning
1322:
2668:
Krizhanovsky, Andrew (2010). "Transformation of Wiktionary entry structure into tables and relations in a relational database schema".
2029:
1753:
581:
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4070:
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The 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Proceedings of the Conference
2084:
David Brooks, "Online, interactive encyclopedia not just for geeks anymore, because everyone seems to need it now, more than ever!"
1861:
1839:
1172:
motto. Who needs experts? Why pay good money for a dictionary written by lexicographers when we could cobble one together ourselves?
685:
310:
248:
4002:
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Lin, Feiyu; Krizhanovsky, Andrew (2011). "Multilingual ontology matching based on Wiktionary data accessible via SPARQL endpoint".
1883:
623:
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1487:. Li et al. (2012) built multilingual POS-taggers for eight resource-poor languages on the basis of English Wiktionary and
1212:
many Web sources (including this column), it's best used by sophisticated users in conjunction with more reputable sources.
3722:
3233:
1965:
1462:
detection) with the help of Wiktionary data. Properties of words extracted from Wiktionary entries (definition length and
3003:
1126:
666:
4218:
4077:
3917:
3601:
1571:
1509:" namespace in Wikidata. As of October 2021, the project has amassed over 600,000 lexeme entries of various languages.
638:
4223:
4208:
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3622:
3318:
1978:
1387:
1358:
1318:
1254:
576:(1935, around 35,000 words), and using bots to add words from other Wiktionary editions with French translations. The
484:
Wiktionary with over 3.5 million entries. Forty-three Wiktionary language editions contain over 100,000 entries each.
1476:
1654:
4029:
3947:
3898:
3783:
3549:
2685:
Krizhanovsky, Andrew (2010). "The comparison of Wiktionary thesauri transformed into the machine-readable format".
3464:
2875:"Worth its Weight in Gold or Yet Another Resource - A Comparative Study of Wiktionary, OpenThesaurus and GermaNet"
2294:
2256:
645:
3910:
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532:
342:
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Proc. 11th International Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics, Iasi, Romania
2457:
1901:
1294:, the data are extracted from English, French, German, and Russian Wiktionaries; the data includes language,
541:
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2001:
1311:
705:
652:
525:
512:
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472:. Wiktionaries in numerous other languages have since been started. Wiktionary was hosted on a temporary
456:
Wiktionary was brought online on December 12, 2002, following a proposal by Daniel Alston and an idea by
4233:
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3559:
3107:
1818:
1321:
Wiktionary Library) : provides access to English Wiktionary and German Wiktionary dumps via a Java
1299:
1250:
382:
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3526:
634:
4228:
4084:
3596:
3554:
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508:
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2735:. Jeju Island, Korea: Association for Computational Linguistics. pp. 1389–1398. Archived from
2535:
1451:
1380:
556:
552:
515:
that would not have received their own entries in standard dictionaries; for instance, it defined "
1766:"Knowledge (XXG) mailing list archive discussion announcing the opening of the Wiktionary project"
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3856:
3544:
3459:
3303:
3298:
3095:
3067:
2788:
2686:
2669:
2621:
1494:
1445:
1425:
1405:
1307:
592:
2709:. Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration. Gdansk, Poland
540:
as well, for which the English Wiktionary has an additional 34,234 gloss definitions. Detailed
2908:"OntoWiktionary – Constructing an Ontology from the Collaborative Online Dictionary Wiktionary"
1791:
Knowledge (XXG) mailing list archive discussion from Larry Sanger giving the idea on Wiktionary
1765:
69:
52:
3579:
3476:
3419:
3359:
3308:
2995:
2987:
2918:
2824:
2636:
584:" added boilerplate entries (with headings, but without definitions) for words in English and
481:
2604:"Leveraging the Crowdsourcing of Lexical Resources for Bootstrapping a Linguistic Data Cloud"
2603:
2046:
4108:
4020:
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3665:
3569:
3564:
3399:
3364:
3293:
3087:
1790:
1439:
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577:
547:
The English Wiktionary does not rely on bots to the extent that some other editions do. The
461:
346:
265:
259:
206:
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3882:
3404:
3191:
2632:
1908:
1890:
1879:
1868:
1857:
1846:
1797:
1402:
English Wiktionary for tense information (verbs), plural form and parts of speech (nouns).
1337:
585:
561:
548:
477:
469:
465:
200:
1714:
1466:, sense, and translation counts) were investigated. Medero & Ostendorf expected that
2802:
1604:
1133:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
659:
3734:
3409:
3384:
3374:
3354:
3313:
3149:
1640:
In this citation, the author refers to Wiktionary as part of the Knowledge (XXG) site:
1463:
1455:
1413:
1369:
1326:
1303:
1295:
1156:
565:
537:
319:
1749:
1376:; data of English Wiktionary, Dutch Wiktionary and Knowledge (XXG) were used with the
405:
4192:
3521:
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3389:
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3022:
2823:. Portland, Oregon, USA: The Association for Computer Linguistics. pp. 363–367.
2813:
1428:
system based on English Wiktionary has the highest word error rate, where each third
1390:
by the parser NULEX, which integrates open linguistic resources: English Wiktionary,
1191:
426:
410:
362:
3180:
3099:
516:
3647:
3574:
3414:
3394:
1518:
1399:
1246:
530:, for instance, has 475,000 entries (with many additional embedded headwords); the
500:
499:
Many of the definitions at the project's largest language editions were created by
492:
457:
422:
323:
97:
3449:
2025:
1990:
1584:
520:
414:
2950:
16th Annual Conference of the European Association of Machine Translation, EAMT11
1555:
1479:
articles from words that only appear in the Standard English comparable articles.
3730:
3591:
3511:
3501:
3379:
3369:
3328:
3208:
2953:
2757:
2704:
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at the English Wiktionary identifies accounts that have been given "bot status".
1459:
1340:
1261:
1151:
487:
473:
394:
390:
378:
121:
3196:
2975:
3516:
3496:
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2999:
1198:
1168:. There's not even an editorial staff. "Be your own lexicographer!", might be
433:, allows almost anyone with access to the website to create and edit entries.
370:
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326:
87:
17:
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2022:
2018:
1746:
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1373:
1346:
700:
438:
430:
374:
366:
3125:"Extracting Lexical Semantic Knowledge from Knowledge (XXG) and Wiktionary"
1469:(1) very common words will be more likely to have multiple parts of speech,
3691:
1559:
399:
3506:
3481:
3132:
Proceedings of the Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC)
3091:
2948:. In Forcada, Mikel L.; Depraetere, Heidi; Vandeghinste, Vincent (eds.).
1502:
1377:
1203:
4118:
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3202:
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tasks which have been solved with the help of Wiktionary data include:
1350:
1291:
1283:
1230:
338:
2567:"Using verbs and adjectives to automatically classify blog sentiment"
2355:
1506:
1333:
1187:
724:
The top ten Wiktionary language projects by mainspace article count:
334:
2465:
2041:
3072:
2785:
Proc. of the 13th Russian Conference on Digital Libraries RCDL'2011
2565:
Chesley, Paula; Vincent, Bruce; Xu, Li; Srihari, Rohini K. (2006).
445:
3027:"Grapheme-to-phoneme model generation for Indo-European languages"
2943:"Rapid rule-based machine translation between Dutch and Afrikaans"
2793:
2691:
2674:
1074:
1040:
1006:
972:
938:
904:
870:
836:
802:
768:
486:
460:, co-founder of Knowledge (XXG). On March 28, 2004, the first non-
358:
33:
1271:(2) the heterogeneity in Wiktionary language edition schemata and
2198:
1713:
The source code and the results of POS-tagging are available at
1275:
511:", was responsible for the addition of a number of third-person
386:
330:
3695:
3229:
555:
Wiktionaries, for example, imported large sections of the Free
1110:
602:
289:
227:
224:
2326:
2324:
1472:(2) common words will be more likely to have multiple senses,
2915:
Semi-Automatic Ontology Development: Processes and Resources
2315:
2157:
1653:. Northeast Texas Library System. p. 15. Archived from
1103:
For a complete list with totals see Wikimedia Statistics:
381:
of terms into other languages, among other features. It is
292:
283:
230:
3123:
Zesch, Torsten; Müller, Christof; Gurevych, Iryna (2008).
2631:. Theory and Applications of Natural Language Processing.
1420:, Polish, and German). Pronunciations are in terms of the
1268:(1) the constant and frequent changes to data and schemata
1150:
Critical reception of Wiktionary has been mixed. In 2006,
280:
221:
1678:
E.g. compare the entry structure and formatting rules in
1264:
is a complex task. There are the following difficulties:
591:
As of July 2021, the English Wiktionary has over 791,870
274:
215:
2706:
Zawilinski: a library for studying grammar in Wiktionary
2602:
Hellmann, Sebastian; Brekle, Jonas; Auer, Sören (2012).
2342:
36:. For Knowledge (XXG)'s guideline about Wiktionary, see
2522:
544:
exist to show how many entries of various kinds exist.
519:" as the "third-person singular simple present form of
2622:"Towards Web-Scale Collaborative Knowledge Extraction"
2611:
Proc. Joint Int. Semantic Technology Conference (JIST)
1715:
https://code.google.com/p/wikily-supervised-pos-tagger
1695:
Quotations are extracted only from Russian Wiktionary.
1302:
and translations. The declarative description of the
311:
286:
277:
271:
249:
218:
212:
74:
Main Page of the English Wiktionary on April 2, 2021.
2842:"Analysis of vocabulary difficulty using wiktionary"
2109:
1558:
Detailed statistics by word type are available here
526:
Merriam-Webster's Third New International Dictionary
4127:
4094:
4060:
4019:
3957:
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3767:
3729:
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3537:
3442:
3337:
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2952:. Leuven, Belgium. pp. 153–160. Archived from
2432:
2420:
2408:
2277:
2133:
268:
209:
184:
166:
158:
150:
136:
114:
104:
93:
81:
4163:Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners
3036:. Kyoto, Japan. pp. 4801–4804. Archived from
2235:
2223:
2211:
2181:
1642:Adapted from an article by Naomi DeTullio (2006).
1599:
1597:
4104:Collaborative International Dictionary of English
3112:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
1129:may be compromised due to out-of-date information
3034:Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
2974:Sascha, Wolfer; Müller-Spitzer, Carolin (2016).
444:Wiktionary's data is frequently used in various
318:; rhyming with "dictionary") is a multilingual,
2814:"NULEX: an open-license broad coverage lexicon"
2812:McFate, Clifton J.; Forbus, Kenneth D. (2011).
2498:
2486:
1810:
1538:
1229:As of 2016, Wiktionary has seen growing use in
566:Chinese, Japanese, Korean and Indian characters
2724:Li, Shen; Graça, Joao V.; Taskar, Ben (2012).
2330:
1237:Wiktionary data in natural language processing
3707:
3671:Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects
3241:
3216:(including list of all existing Wiktionaries)
2510:
2444:
2356:"Gerard de Melo's Research at ICSI, Berkeley"
2145:
2121:
1349:entries have been parsed in the Etymological
8:
3808:An Universal Etymological English Dictionary
2396:
2169:
1968:", English Wiktionary, Wikimedia Foundation.
1738:
1736:
1286:for different Wiktionary language editions:
569:
45:
3174:
3148:. Ziff Davis. April 6, 2005. Archived from
2913:. In Pazienza, M. T.; Stellato, A. (eds.).
2726:"Wiki-ly supervised part-of-speech tagging"
2014:
2012:
2010:
622:Please help improve this article by adding
4156:Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
3714:
3700:
3692:
3267:
3248:
3234:
3226:
3179:
1631:The full article is not available on-line.
1290:DBpedia Wiktionary : a subproject of
726:
580:edition grew by nearly 80,000 entries as "
409:. It is available in 193 languages and in
141:
44:
3081:
3071:
2792:
2690:
2673:
2627:. In Gurevych, Iryna; Kim, Jungi (eds.).
2384:
1314:are used in order to extract information.
686:Learn how and when to remove this message
480:Wiktionary with over 4.7 million and the
38:Knowledge (XXG):Wikimedia sister projects
2030:Data:Knowledge (XXG) statistics/data.tab
1754:Data:Knowledge (XXG) statistics/meta.tab
4204:Internet properties established in 2002
3278:Knowledge (XXG) community (Wikipedians)
2840:Medero, Julie; Ostendorf, Mari (2009).
2291:"Wikokit - Machine-readable Wiktionary"
1821:from the original on September 13, 2008
1732:
1529:
32:For the English Wiktionary itself, see
3105:
2097:
2072:
2054:from the original on September 2, 2020
1154:wrote in the article "Noah's Ark" for
2652:from the original on October 27, 2014
2259:from the original on January 23, 2021
2002:m:Wiktionary/logo#Logo use statistics
7:
4170:Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's
3817:A Dictionary of the English Language
3209:Wiktionary's multilingual statistics
3187:Knowledge (XXG):List of Wiktionaries
2787:. Voronezh, Russia. pp. 19–26.
2542:from the original on January 3, 2023
2297:from the original on October 2, 2020
1621:56 Wiktionaries got a localised logo
1554:Wiktionary total article counts are
572:Dictionnaire de l'Académie française
536:has 615,000 headwords, but includes
421:, and is written collaboratively by
2906:Meyer, C. M.; Gurevych, I. (2012).
2873:Meyer, C. M.; Gurevych, I. (2010).
2366:from the original on March 27, 2023
1981:", Meta-Wiki, Wikimedia Foundation.
528:of the English Language, Unabridged
4044:Dictionary of Newfoundland English
3681:Knowledge (XXG) for World Heritage
1946:from the original on March 6, 2023
1772:from the original on June 20, 2014
1585:Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project
1274:(3) the human-centric nature of a
25:
4010:Webster's Third New International
2433:Schlippe, Ochs & Schultz 2012
2421:Schlippe, Ochs & Schultz 2012
2409:Schlippe, Ochs & Schultz 2012
2316:Krizhanovsky, Transformation 2010
2278:Zesch, Müller & Gurevych 2008
2158:Krizhanovsky, Transformation 2010
2134:Zesch, Müller & Gurevych 2008
446:natural language processing tasks
3021:Schlippe, Tim; Ochs, Sebastian;
3006:from the original on May 9, 2023
2941:Otte, Pim; Tyers, F. M. (2011).
2917:. IGI Global. pp. 131–161.
2884:. pp. 38–49. Archived from
2236:Hellmann, Brekle & Auer 2012
2224:Hellmann, Brekle & Auer 2012
2212:Hellmann, Brekle & Auer 2012
2182:Hellmann, Brekle & Auer 2012
2110:Sascha & Müller-Spitzer 2016
2028:. Retrieved September 2024 from
1752:. Retrieved September 2024 from
1458:assessed vocabulary difficulty (
1115:
607:
264:
205:
68:
51:
3617:Monkey selfie copyright dispute
3192:List of all Wiktionary editions
3094:(inactive September 17, 2024).
2620:Hellmann, S.; Auer, S. (2013).
1966:Wiktionary talk:Wiktionary Logo
1422:International Phonetic Alphabet
1190:. And it's only as good as the
618:only references primary sources
464:Wiktionaries were initiated in
3872:Dictionary of American English
3792:The New World of English Words
3220:Pages about Wiktionary in Meta
3214:Wikimedia's page on Wiktionary
1979:Wiktionary/logo/refresh/voting
1477:Simple English Knowledge (XXG)
1366:Rule-based machine translation
425:, dubbed "Wiktionarians". Its
29:Multilingual online dictionary
1:
3465:Censorship of Knowledge (XXG)
3060:Research in Computing Science
2703:Kurmas, Zachary (July 2010).
2343:Krizhanovsky, Comparison 2010
1591:at the Vietnamese Wiktionary.
624:secondary or tertiary sources
4142:Cambridge Advanced Learner's
3602:WikiConference North America
2172:, p. 302, p. 16 in PDF.
1536:Wiktionary's current URL is
1194:books from which it pilfers.
1164:There's no show of hands at
353:. These entries may contain
3623:Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA
3319:Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight
2511:Li, Graça & Taskar 2012
2499:Medero & Ostendorf 2009
2487:Lin & Krizhanovsky 2011
1388:machine-readable dictionary
1359:natural language processing
1255:natural language processing
417:, Wiktionary is run by the
322:-based project to create a
4250:
4037:Dictionary of Canadianisms
3784:The English Schoole-Master
3676:Google and Knowledge (XXG)
3550:List of Wikimedia chapters
2629:The People's Web Meets NLP
413:. Like its sister project
343:linguistic reconstructions
57:Logo of English Wiktionary
31:
4199:Etymological dictionaries
4177:Oxford Advanced Learner's
3758:Middle English Dictionary
3751:Dictionary of Old English
3744:An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary
2580:: 233–235. Archived from
2462:conceptnet5.media.mit.edu
2445:Meyer & Gurevych 2012
2146:Meyer & Gurevych 2010
2122:Meyer & Gurevych 2012
1889:October 11, 2007, at the
1878:October 11, 2007, at the
1867:October 11, 2007, at the
1856:October 11, 2007, at the
1845:October 11, 2007, at the
1249:data can be converted to
533:Oxford English Dictionary
62:
50:
4149:Collins COBUILD Advanced
3800:A New English Dictionary
3655:Knowledge (XXG) Monument
3527:Abstract Knowledge (XXG)
2397:McFate & Forbus 2011
2170:Hellmann & Auer 2013
507:Another of these bots, "
3723:Dictionaries of English
3201:Android package at the
2042:"Wiktionary Statistics"
1954:– via Wiktionary.
1940:"Wiktionary:Statistics"
1800:– Retrieved May 3, 2011
1312:finite state transducer
1253:in order to be used in
1251:machine-readable format
452:History and development
3996:Random House Webster's
3661:Wikimedian of the Year
3345:Hampton Lintorn-Catlin
2136:, p. 4, Figure 1.
1907:July 23, 2021, at the
1796:June 20, 2014, at the
1644:"Wikis for Librarians"
1485:Part-of-speech tagging
1214:
1196:
570:
496:
383:collaboratively edited
172:; 21 years ago
170:December 12, 2002
4214:Multilingual websites
3865:World Book Dictionary
3144:. Top 101 Web Sites.
3134:. Marrakech, Morocco.
3014:– via ProQuest.
2536:"Wikidata:Wiktionary"
2385:Otte & Tyers 2011
2293:. December 19, 2022.
2184:, p. 3, Table 1.
1768:. December 12, 2002.
1209:
1162:
490:
377:, related terms, and
3825:Webster's Dictionary
3597:WikiConference India
3257:Wikimedia Foundation
3152:on December 21, 2005
3092:10.13053/rcs-56-1-11
2959:on February 25, 2021
2849:Proc. SLaTE Workshop
2760:(November 6, 2006).
2635:. pp. 287–313.
2587:on February 24, 2021
2195:"DBpedia Wiktionary"
2086:The Nashua Telegraph
1609:Wikimedia Foundation
1489:hidden Markov models
1436:Ontology engineering
1243:semi-structured data
1219:The Nashua Telegraph
419:Wikimedia Foundation
351:artificial languages
329:of terms (including
109:Wikimedia Foundation
4219:Online dictionaries
4071:Australian National
4003:Webster's New World
3989:New Oxford American
3849:Imperial Dictionary
3776:Catholicon Anglicum
2934:on October 9, 2013.
2891:on December 1, 2017
2803:2011arXiv1109.0732L
2523:Chesley et al. 2006
2468:on October 19, 2011
2331:Smirnov et al. 2012
2305:– via GitHub.
1911:as of July 21, 2021
1902:Detailed statistics
1452:Text simplification
1416:, English, French,
1398:. The parser NULEX
1381:machine translation
1332:wikokit : the
1308:regular expressions
1207:was less critical:
349:and in a number of
185:Current status
47:
4224:Wikimedia projects
4209:MediaWiki websites
4062:Australian English
3857:Century Dictionary
3545:Wikimedia movement
3460:List of Wikipedias
3304:Dariusz Jemielniak
3299:Lisa Seitz-Gruwell
3043:on October 6, 2014
2047:Meta.Wikimedia.org
1942:. March 29, 2022.
1815:www.wiktionary.org
1684:Russian Wiktionary
1680:English Wiktionary
1495:Sentiment analysis
1432:has to be changed.
1406:Speech recognition
1300:semantic relations
1282:There are several
1107:Critical reception
497:
373:, usage examples,
361:for illustration,
4186:
4185:
4078:Australian Oxford
3975:American Regional
3968:American Heritage
3689:
3688:
3477:Wikimedia Commons
3438:
3437:
3360:Florence Devouard
3309:Rebecca MacKinnon
2924:978-1-4666-0188-8
2858:on April 24, 2014
2830:978-1-932432-88-6
2642:978-3-642-35084-9
2360:gerard.demelo.org
1446:Ontology matching
1192:copyright-expired
1148:
1147:
1101:
1100:
696:
695:
688:
670:
347:natural languages
192:
191:
94:Available in
88:Online dictionary
34:en.wiktionary.org
16:(Redirected from
4241:
4109:Urban Dictionary
4021:Canadian English
3959:American English
3716:
3709:
3702:
3693:
3666:Tides Foundation
3631:Knowledge Engine
3400:Patricio Lorente
3365:Oscar van Dillen
3324:Esra'a Al Shafei
3294:Maryana Iskander
3268:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3227:
3183:
3178:
3177:
3175:Official website
3161:
3159:
3157:
3135:
3129:
3117:
3111:
3103:
3085:
3075:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3042:
3031:
3015:
3013:
3011:
2968:
2966:
2964:
2958:
2947:
2935:
2933:
2927:. Archived from
2912:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2890:
2879:
2867:
2865:
2863:
2857:
2851:. Archived from
2846:
2834:
2818:
2806:
2796:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2741:
2730:
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2697:
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2520:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2473:
2464:. Archived from
2454:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2412:
2406:
2400:
2394:
2388:
2382:
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2287:
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2266:
2264:
2245:
2239:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2197:. Archived from
2191:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2167:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2125:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2088:(August 4, 2004)
2082:
2076:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2038:
2032:
2016:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1975:
1969:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1928:on May 24, 2008.
1924:. Archived from
1918:
1912:
1899:
1893:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1807:
1801:
1788:
1782:
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1667:
1665:
1659:
1658:(PDF newsletter)
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1575:
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1546:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1534:
1440:semantic network
1386:Construction of
1143:
1140:
1134:
1127:factual accuracy
1119:
1118:
1111:
727:
706:Smurrayinchester
691:
684:
680:
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146:
143:
72:
55:
48:
21:
4249:
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4242:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4189:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4123:
4090:
4056:
4030:Canadian Oxford
4015:
3953:
3883:British English
3877:
3763:
3725:
3720:
3690:
3685:
3635:
3533:
3450:Knowledge (XXG)
3434:
3405:Katherine Maher
3333:
3282:
3259:
3254:
3173:
3172:
3169:
3164:
3155:
3153:
3140:
3127:
3122:
3104:
3083:10.1.1.694.9627
3057:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3029:
3020:
3009:
3007:
2973:
2962:
2960:
2956:
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2905:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2877:
2872:
2861:
2859:
2855:
2844:
2839:
2831:
2816:
2811:
2782:
2771:
2769:
2756:
2745:
2743:
2742:on May 22, 2013
2739:
2728:
2723:
2712:
2710:
2702:
2684:
2683:
2667:
2666:
2655:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2633:Springer-Verlag
2624:
2619:
2606:
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2590:
2588:
2584:
2569:
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2560:
2555:
2545:
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2509:
2505:
2497:
2493:
2485:
2481:
2471:
2469:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2443:
2439:
2435:, p. 4804.
2431:
2427:
2423:, p. 4802.
2419:
2415:
2407:
2403:
2395:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2369:
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2247:
2246:
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2234:
2230:
2222:
2218:
2214:, pp. 8–9.
2210:
2206:
2201:on May 4, 2013.
2193:
2192:
2188:
2180:
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2168:
2164:
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2055:
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2039:
2035:
2017:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1989:
1985:
1976:
1972:
1963:
1959:
1949:
1947:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1909:Wayback Machine
1900:
1896:
1891:Wayback Machine
1880:Wayback Machine
1869:Wayback Machine
1858:Wayback Machine
1847:Wayback Machine
1838:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1798:Wayback Machine
1789:
1785:
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1773:
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1720:
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1703:
1699:
1694:
1690:
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1673:
1663:
1661:
1660:on June 5, 2007
1657:
1651:NETLS News #142
1646:
1641:
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1619:
1615:
1605:Wiktionary/logo
1602:
1595:
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1553:
1549:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1515:
1454:. Medero &
1298:, definitions,
1296:parts of speech
1241:Wiktionary has
1239:
1174:
1173:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1124:This section's
1120:
1116:
1109:
718:
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681:
675:
672:
629:
627:
621:
612:
608:
601:
454:
415:Knowledge (XXG)
345:, etc.) in all
312:
302:
301:
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267:
258:
257:
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208:
199:
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176:
174:
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132:
115:Created by
84:
77:
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66:
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30:
23:
22:
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3895:
3887:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3853:
3845:
3842:New Dictionary
3837:
3829:
3821:
3812:
3804:
3796:
3788:
3780:
3771:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3739:
3737:
3735:Middle English
3727:
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3721:
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3704:
3696:
3687:
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3457:
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3436:
3435:
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3432:
3427:
3422:
3420:María Sefidari
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3385:Aaron Halfaker
3382:
3377:
3375:Arnnon Geshuri
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3355:Bishakha Datta
3352:
3347:
3341:
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3335:
3334:
3332:
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3314:Raju Narisetti
3311:
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3189:
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3168:
3167:External links
3165:
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3119:
3118:
3054:
3053:
3023:Schultz, Tanja
3017:
3016:
2970:
2969:
2937:
2936:
2923:
2902:
2901:
2869:
2868:
2836:
2835:
2829:
2808:
2807:
2779:
2778:
2766:The New Yorker
2753:
2752:
2720:
2719:
2699:
2698:
2681:
2663:
2662:
2641:
2616:
2615:
2613:. Nara, Japan.
2598:
2597:
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2554:
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2527:
2515:
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2491:
2479:
2458:"ConceptNet 5"
2449:
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2138:
2126:
2124:, p. 140.
2114:
2102:
2090:
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2065:
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2006:
1994:
1983:
1970:
1957:
1931:
1913:
1894:
1832:
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1783:
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1750:API:Sitematrix
1731:
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1633:
1624:
1613:
1607:", Meta-Wiki,
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1384:
1370:Dutch language
1355:
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1344:
1338:multi-licensed
1330:
1327:Apache License
1323:Wiktionary API
1315:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1269:
1238:
1235:
1201:'s review for
1178:isn't so much
1157:The New Yorker
1146:
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538:Middle English
453:
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411:Simple English
363:pronunciations
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28:
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18:Wikidictionary
14:
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10:
9:
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3:
2:
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2112:, p. 348
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2015:
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1583:Hồ Ngọc Đức,
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1460:reading level
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1260:Wiktionary's
1258:
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1247:lexicographic
1245:. Wiktionary
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716:Multi-lingual
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690:
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679:
676:February 2024
668:
665:
661:
658:
654:
651:
647:
644:
640:
637: –
636:
632:
631:Find sources:
625:
619:
616:This section
614:
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427:wiki software
424:
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397:of the words
396:
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39:
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27:
19:
4234:Larry Sanger
4175:
4168:
4161:
4154:
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3832:Worcester's
3823:
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3774:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3653:
3648:The Signpost
3646:
3621:
3471:
3415:Larry Sanger
3395:Guy Kawasaki
3197:
3156:December 16,
3154:. Retrieved
3150:the original
3145:
3142:"Wiktionary"
3131:
3108:cite journal
3063:
3059:
3045:. Retrieved
3038:the original
3033:
3008:. Retrieved
2983:
2979:
2961:. Retrieved
2954:the original
2949:
2929:the original
2914:
2893:. Retrieved
2886:the original
2881:
2860:. Retrieved
2853:the original
2848:
2820:
2784:
2770:. Retrieved
2765:
2762:"Noah's Ark"
2758:Lepore, Jill
2744:. Retrieved
2737:the original
2732:
2711:. Retrieved
2705:
2654:. Retrieved
2628:
2610:
2589:. Retrieved
2582:the original
2577:
2573:
2544:. Retrieved
2530:
2518:
2506:
2494:
2482:
2470:. Retrieved
2466:the original
2461:
2452:
2440:
2428:
2416:
2404:
2392:
2380:
2368:. Retrieved
2359:
2350:
2338:
2311:
2299:. Retrieved
2285:
2273:
2261:. Retrieved
2252:
2243:
2231:
2219:
2207:
2199:the original
2189:
2177:
2165:
2160:, p. 1.
2153:
2141:
2129:
2117:
2105:
2093:
2085:
2080:
2068:
2056:. Retrieved
2045:
2036:
2026:API:Siteinfo
1997:
1991:phab:T139255
1986:
1973:
1960:
1948:. Retrieved
1934:
1926:the original
1916:
1897:
1835:
1823:. Retrieved
1814:
1811:"Wiktionary"
1805:
1786:
1774:. Retrieved
1760:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1674:
1662:. Retrieved
1655:the original
1650:
1636:
1627:
1616:
1579:
1566:
1550:
1532:
1519:Lingua Libre
1500:
1357:Examples of
1356:
1347:Etymological
1281:
1259:
1240:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1215:
1210:
1202:
1197:
1175:
1170:Wiktionary's
1169:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1149:
1136:
1125:
1102:
754:Active users
723:
719:
710:
697:
682:
673:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:"Wiktionary"
630:
617:
590:
564:database of
546:
531:
524:
513:conjugations
509:ThirdPersBot
506:
498:
458:Larry Sanger
455:
443:
435:
404:
398:
379:translations
324:free content
315:-shə-nerr-ee
194:
193:
159:Registration
100:(169 active)
98:Multilingual
83:Type of site
42:
26:
4229:Jimmy Wales
3860:(1889–1891)
3852:(1847–1850)
3592:Wiki Indaba
3560:Deutschland
3512:Wikiversity
3502:Wikispecies
3410:Erik Möller
3380:Mike Godwin
3370:Sue Gardner
3329:Jimmy Wales
3146:PC Magazine
3066:: 101–112.
2986:: 347–371.
2546:October 12,
2301:November 7,
2253:DKPro JWKTL
2098:Kurmas 2010
2073:Lepore 2006
1851:TheCheatBot
1825:October 28,
1541:.wiktionary
1341:open-source
1304:page schema
1262:data mining
1152:Jill Lepore
983:10,114,138
949:13,496,999
847:33,489,868
813:36,027,561
779:81,597,568
491:The use of
474:domain name
395:portmanteau
371:inflections
367:etymologies
355:definitions
253:-shə-nər-ee
122:Jimmy Wales
4193:Categories
4114:Wiktionary
3834:Dictionary
3815:Johnson's
3612:Litigation
3555:Bangladesh
3517:Wikivoyage
3497:Wikisource
3472:Wiktionary
3430:Luis Villa
3205:repository
3198:Wiktionary
3073:2002.00734
3010:August 27,
3000:7211535994
2768:(Abstract)
1862:Websterbot
1840:TheDaveBot
1723:References
1199:Keir Graff
1184:democratic
1180:republican
1176:Wiktionary
1166:Wiktionary
1085:5,620,571
1051:4,059,327
1017:6,016,630
1014:1,097,078
1011:1,001,032
980:1,321,456
977:1,138,691
946:2,892,293
943:1,372,292
915:6,934,078
912:1,591,083
909:1,534,161
881:8,707,276
878:2,495,346
875:1,808,052
844:4,671,920
841:4,605,679
810:7,070,831
807:6,442,277
785:4,218,382
776:9,738,674
773:8,160,732
646:newspapers
557:Vietnamese
553:Vietnamese
542:statistics
423:volunteers
406:dictionary
375:quotations
327:dictionary
195:Wiktionary
177:2002-12-12
151:Commercial
142:wiktionary
65:Screenshot
46:Wiktionary
4085:Macquarie
3607:MediaWiki
3587:Wikimania
3492:Wikibooks
3487:Wikiquote
3078:CiteSeerX
2992:1684-4904
2794:1109.0732
2772:April 21,
2692:1006.5040
2675:1011.1368
2249:"Welcome"
2023:MediaWiki
2019:Wikimedia
1884:NanshuBot
1747:MediaWiki
1743:Wikimedia
1728:Citations
1664:April 21,
1572:user list
1456:Ostendorf
1410:synthesis
1383:platform.
1374:Afrikaans
1343:software.
833:Malagasy
701:MediaWiki
517:smoulders
431:MediaWiki
129:community
127:Wikimedia
4129:Learners
3892:Chambers
3768:Historic
3507:Wikinews
3482:Wikidata
3443:Projects
3271:Projects
3100:10726045
3025:(2012).
3004:Archived
2713:July 29,
2647:Archived
2574:Training
2540:Archived
2370:March 6,
2364:Archived
2295:Archived
2263:June 23,
2257:Archived
2052:Archived
1950:March 6,
1944:Archived
1905:Archived
1887:Archived
1876:Archived
1865:Archived
1854:Archived
1843:Archived
1819:Archived
1794:Archived
1770:Archived
1513:See also
1503:Wikidata
1378:Apertium
1368:between
1353:project.
1231:academia
1204:Booklist
1139:May 2013
1091:170,411
1082:988,690
1079:930,822
1071:Spanish
1048:990,741
1045:951,479
1037:Swedish
1003:Kurdish
989:241,333
955:320,262
935:Russian
887:122,443
867:Chinese
819:377,160
765:English
733:Language
521:smoulder
482:Malagasy
439:thesauri
391:Its name
339:proverbs
167:Launched
162:Optional
4119:Wordnik
3982:Encarta
3948:Penguin
3939:Shorter
3932:Concise
3925:Compact
3899:Collins
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