Knowledge

:Articles for deletion/Angela Stanton-King - Knowledge

Source 📝

1331:. I came by to consider closing the discussion, but I felt strongly enough about this that I would rather comment instead. The coverage cited in the article and linked here is clearly enough to pass GNG. Other guidelines like NPOL are alternative lower bars, and should not be applied in a way that invalidates the presumption of notability earned by passing GNG. To put it another way, just because she's running for an office and hasn't yet been elected doesn't mean that she can't still be notable. Other policy concerns, like BLP1E, should of course be considered, but I don't believe they apply in this case. Her claim to notability is not just her candidacy or her pardon, but the sum total of these factors. Sufficient coverage exists to write an article that complies with WP:V and WP:BLP, and that is 903:
not a manual, guidebook, textbook, or scientific journal; is not a crystal ball making prediecations; is not a newspaper article; is not an indiscriminate collection of information, which specific part from the guideline NOT is being referred to? And how it trumps GNG? (the part about censorship might come into play here, which deletion would speak to.) Is there a special place or RS one can go to check to see how this article "created exclusively to support the campaign" or is that just conjecture?
1151:. Did she testify about the bill? Did she lead an organization dedicated to it? No. She is also involved in Donald Trump's black outreach efforts, but she is only described as "one of Trump's black supporters," not an organizational leader. By that logic every Black Republican precinct captain would be eligible for a Knowledge article. Does her presidential pardon? No and I think that's fairly established receipt of a pardon does not make one notable.-- 465:. There is clearly enough material to write a useful article about more than just the campaign. I do not agree with the higher standard for politician notability (and keep in mind NPOL is only a guideline, not a policy), and there is substantial coverage in national sources, not just local sources. This includes an in depth profile in the 1095:). She fails the three tests which BLP1E lays out: reliable sources only cover her in the context of one event, she is otherwise likely to remain a low profile individual (losing an election does not have long term significance), and the event is not nearly significant enough in itself to overcome this. 902:
Since this article is not a dictionary entry; is not a publication of original thought: is not a soapbox or means of promotion, not a mirror or a repository of links, images, or media files; not a blog, web hosting service, social networking service, or memorial site; is not a directory listing; is
365:
a notable office, not just running for one. But this makes no credible claim that she has preexisting notability that would have gotten her into Knowledge independently of the candidacy, and is not referenced to anything like the sheer explosion of media coverage it would take to make her candidacy
610:
We don't keep articles for people who are only notable for being candidates. The keep !votes which mention sources exist don't actually mention all of those sources are directly tied to her candidacy - she was not notable for being pardoned, as she was merely listed in a couple articles for having
429:
Stanton-King is not getting more references than any other candidate for US house. If she were to pass notability than every US house candidate would, and we have decided that they all do not. If Stanton-King is elected she will be notable, until that happens either in this election or some future
524:
I don't get what you guys are talking about. The first par of NPOL is about people who don't meet the GNG but are still considered notable, and the rest says if you meet the GNG then you're notable. So it's a lower bar than the GNG. In this case she meets the GNG, so what am I missing here?
941:, then the article shouldn't be kept just because there are sources. I also do not like the fact you've accused me of censorship both here and at another AfD just because I'm trying to apply the same standards to this article as we apply to articles about any candidate. 1306:. No we aren't. The candidacy is not Knowledge notable. The pardon is not Knowledge notable. Feel free to scroll through the list of people who have received pardons for a full list of how many not Knowledge-notable people have received a pardon.-- 1361:
that one event. Yes, people are writing about her because she's running for office, but they're writing about more of her history than just this race. That gives us enough coverage to write a more comprehensive article and avoid BLP1E problems.
1087:. Essentially all the coverage of her which has been presented is about her run in the 2020 Congressional elections (which she is almost certainly going to lose, as far as I can see). Knowledge considers the enduring notability of people ( 993:
Because she is a current candidate with no other claim to notability! The pardon doesn't come close to GNG, someone mentioned a reality TV show but that's not mentioned in the article, and notability is not inherited through her family.
212: 1183:
Nothing I have said there should indicate that this makes the article notable. I'm literally saying that this proves she fails notability. Her activism is covered only so far as it is related to her candidacy. Thus,
591:
Thank you for clarifying that you really meant NOTNEWS and BLP1E. I don't agree that it's only one event, ant that those are reasons to delete, but at least those guidelines could possibly be a reason to delete.
1084: 329: 965:
I created this article. I didn't create it to support a political campaign, not even a little bit. Why do you keep saying it was created solely to support a campaign? What am I missing here?
304: 1169:
That dissection is very good argument why this article is not BLP1E. But, of course, we look at the whole picture and the combined activities, accomplishments, and awards in a biography.
333: 979:
Can we now agree the claim made not once, but twice, was to why the article was created is clarified and stop attempting to read minds and presume to known why articles are written?
206: 284: 52:. After extended time for discussion, consensus has fairly clearly fallen on the side of the subject's collection of points of notability establishing general notability. 611:"connections." She's extremely unlikely to win - if she does, we can recreate the article. We could redirect to the election article if we want to keep the information. 165: 1148: 688: 112: 97: 1135:? No. A car theft ring is not unusual nor do the sources about that ring indicate there was different than any other ring. Does her activism meeting 1282: 460: 451: 1201: 138: 133: 768:
it was the BET Network docu-series “From the Bottom Up." Please note: This would be considered a primary source and would not prove notability.--
172: 142: 357:. People do not automatically qualify for Knowledge articles just for being candidates in elections they have not won: the notability test at 125: 366:
markedly more special than everybody else's candidacies. Obviously no prejudice against recreation on or after election day if she wins.
1032: 1008: 955: 888: 743: 625: 577: 510: 416: 463: 934: 1192:
based off of this candidacy or any of the other few things that are cited. Finally, none of what has been described constitutes a
813:
That in of itself does not meet notability as it is a single event with minimal society-wide reprecusions (though happy for her).
496:, since almost all of her coverage is in the context of the election apart from her pardon, which wouldn't make her wiki-notable. 227: 1121: 194: 1113:
I did a quick news search and stopped looking after four pages - there's easily enough sustained coverage to write an article.
1045: 92: 85: 17: 929:
as the coverage of her isn't lasting, since it's all a part of her campaign, with the exception of two articles where she's
1132: 457: 106: 102: 188: 1131:. No one is arguing that there is not enough internet content to write an article. Does her criminal activity meet 970: 862:
No one's arguing she doesn't - almost all political candidates will meet GNG for their campaign activity. However,
597: 530: 454: 390: 1371: 1344: 1315: 1298: 1261: 1243: 1213: 1178: 1160: 1123: 1105: 1057: 1037: 1013: 988: 974: 960: 912: 893: 853: 830: 777: 748: 720: 700: 679: 662: 630: 601: 582: 534: 515: 479: 439: 421: 394: 375: 344: 316: 296: 276: 67: 1392: 435: 40: 184: 129: 1024: 1000: 947: 880: 735: 696: 617: 569: 502: 408: 234: 260: 448: 1388: 966: 593: 526: 386: 36: 1044:
An assertion is not a "because". Also, absolutely no PROMO here. Article is completely written with a
818: 817:
Multiple posters have maintained candidate in of itself does not meet notability unless it passes the
1294: 1239: 1232: 1136: 1119: 845: 476: 431: 797:
So are a lot of people. What makes her more notable than any other citizen who engages in activism?
466: 220: 121: 73: 1367: 1340: 1048:. If otherwise, please point out which language is promotional and that can be easily corrected. 1019: 995: 942: 875: 759: 730: 692: 612: 564: 497: 403: 312: 292: 272: 200: 1018:
I also want to make clear I have no issue with a merge/redirect to the article on the election.
921:
a means of promotion - it's an article created solely to support a political campaign - and it
1311: 1257: 1209: 1156: 1088: 926: 871: 826: 773: 658: 556: 371: 248: 81: 29:
The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below.
1387:
Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's
469:, a DC-based publication, as well as the usual national outlets. This is a clear keep to me. 35:
Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's
1274: 1228: 1174: 1053: 984: 908: 716: 711:. Not 1E: anti-choice activist, reality TV star, author, pardoned, candidate. Passes BASIC. 675: 340: 62: 1357:
because of one event (in this case, her candidacy) does not mean that the coverage is only
1290: 1286: 1278: 1235: 1114: 1092: 935:
Knowledge:Village_pump_(idea_lab)#Rethinking_notability_standards_for_political_candidates
867: 560: 473: 256: 252: 802: 1200:. I would argue that none of the events in questions are Knowledge notable. Please see 1140: 489: 358: 264: 1091:), and being in the news does not in itself mean that someone should have an article ( 866:
trumps GNG, and even if we assume she's not a BLP1E (she is) this article still fails
765: 1363: 1336: 938: 863: 552: 548: 544: 493: 308: 288: 268: 244: 1307: 1253: 1205: 1152: 1098: 822: 769: 654: 402:
per nom. She is not notable as a candidate, as a family member, or just generally.
367: 650:
Many reliable sources exist on the subject and also notable for being pardoned by
447:
passes GNG, and not just for her candidacy. SIGCOV sources include the following:
430:
election for a position that meets notability guidelines, she will not be notable.
385:
Multiple non-trivial reliable sources exist on the suject and are in the article.
159: 1170: 1049: 980: 904: 788: 712: 671: 336: 53: 1252:
Except we don't. That coverage is about a single event which is her campaign.--
937:. GNG is just a presumption - if something passes GNG but fails one or more of 563:(and no, getting pardoned is not a "second event") as an unelected candidate. 1188:
There is no reason to believe that in the immediate future she will become a
1202:
Knowledge:Biographies_of_living_persons#Subjects_notable_only_for_one_event
1085:
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia#District 5
1186:
reliable sources cover the person only in the context of a single event.
933:. This is accepted procedure. For discussion of how this works, check 267:
as an unelected candidate, and she's not going to beat John Lewis. –
651: 1381:
The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate.
330:
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia
870:(as it was created exclusively to support the campaign) and 805:
with no proof provided she was even in multiple episodes.
1145:"significant national spokesperson for a political issue" 874:(as all of the significant coverage is of her campaign.) 334:
List of people granted executive clemency by Donald Trump
305:
list of Georgia (U.S. state)-related deletion discussions
259:
relating to her pardon, but not much. Also notability is
155: 151: 147: 551:
and still not be eligible for an article - that's why
219: 43:). No further edits should be made to this page. 1395:). No further edits should be made to this page. 687:Note: This discussion has been included in the 303:Note: This discussion has been included in the 285:list of Politicians-related deletion discussions 283:Note: This discussion has been included in the 233: 8: 255:issues with this subject, as there are some 113:Help, my article got nominated for deletion! 1149:the common outcomes for politician articles 689:list of Women-related deletion discussions 686: 302: 282: 801:The docu-series on which she appears 7: 821:test for historical significance.-- 842:Meets GNG per the above sources. ~ 24: 543:Pretty much all candidates meet 98:Introduction to deletion process 1046:Knowledge:Neutral point of view 263:from her godmother. Also fails 18:Knowledge:Articles for deletion 1335:of the notability guideline. – 1281:. The subject also received a 1196:in which the individual had a 1143:does not meet the standard of 1: 1353:Also, just because coverage 88:(AfD)? Read these primers! 1412: 1227:we have enough SIGCOV per 663:21:48, 30 June 2020 (UTC) 480:19:46, 30 June 2020 (UTC) 440:16:36, 30 June 2020 (UTC) 422:01:16, 30 June 2020 (UTC) 395:00:53, 30 June 2020 (UTC) 376:22:42, 29 June 2020 (UTC) 345:20:52, 29 June 2020 (UTC) 317:19:03, 29 June 2020 (UTC) 297:19:03, 29 June 2020 (UTC) 277:19:03, 29 June 2020 (UTC) 68:00:46, 10 July 2020 (UTC) 1384:Please do not modify it. 1372:23:13, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1345:23:08, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1316:20:40, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1299:19:14, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1262:17:29, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1244:16:48, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1214:16:06, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1179:05:32, 9 July 2020 (UTC) 1161:03:09, 8 July 2020 (UTC) 1124:18:49, 7 July 2020 (UTC) 1106:15:50, 5 July 2020 (UTC) 1058:10:17, 5 July 2020 (UTC) 1038:03:50, 5 July 2020 (UTC) 1014:01:13, 5 July 2020 (UTC) 989:00:03, 5 July 2020 (UTC) 975:23:02, 4 July 2020 (UTC) 961:22:12, 4 July 2020 (UTC) 913:21:42, 4 July 2020 (UTC) 894:16:54, 4 July 2020 (UTC) 854:14:23, 4 July 2020 (UTC) 831:03:28, 8 July 2020 (UTC) 778:03:17, 8 July 2020 (UTC) 749:16:54, 4 July 2020 (UTC) 721:14:33, 3 July 2020 (UTC) 701:12:29, 3 July 2020 (UTC) 680:06:51, 1 July 2020 (UTC) 631:18:06, 2 July 2020 (UTC) 602:19:04, 1 July 2020 (UTC) 583:17:55, 1 July 2020 (UTC) 535:16:04, 1 July 2020 (UTC) 516:06:53, 1 July 2020 (UTC) 243:Does not appear to meet 32:Please do not modify it. 1190:high profile individual 1139:? Her advocacy for the 766:her own publicity site 795:Anti-choice activist? 492:and more importantly 86:Articles for deletion 1137:Knowledge:Politician 1285:. No such thing as 1283:Presidential Pardon 819:Christine O'Donnell 803:ran for two seasons 555:applies. She fails 547:, but you can pass 467:Washington Informer 122:Angela Stanton-King 74:Angela Stanton-King 1133:Knowledge:Criminal 1194:significant event 729:Reality TV star? 703: 432:John Pack Lambert 319: 299: 103:Guide to deletion 93:How to contribute 1403: 1386: 1333:the entire point 1289:so we are good. 1198:substantial role 1147:as described in 1101: 1035: 1027: 1011: 1003: 967:Peregrine Fisher 958: 950: 891: 883: 848: 799:Reality TV star? 792: 763: 746: 738: 628: 620: 594:Peregrine Fisher 580: 572: 527:Peregrine Fisher 513: 505: 472: 419: 411: 387:Peregrine Fisher 238: 237: 223: 175: 163: 145: 83: 60: 34: 1411: 1410: 1406: 1405: 1404: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1399: 1393:deletion review 1382: 1099: 1031: 1023: 1007: 999: 954: 946: 887: 879: 846: 786: 757: 742: 734: 624: 616: 576: 568: 509: 501: 470: 415: 407: 261:WP:NOTINHERITED 180: 171: 136: 120: 117: 80: 77: 54: 48:The result was 41:deletion review 30: 22: 21: 20: 12: 11: 5: 1409: 1407: 1398: 1397: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1374: 1348: 1347: 1325: 1324: 1323: 1322: 1321: 1320: 1319: 1318: 1265: 1264: 1247: 1246: 1221: 1220: 1219: 1218: 1217: 1216: 1164: 1163: 1141:First Step Act 1126: 1108: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1061: 1060: 1016: 897: 896: 857: 856: 836: 835: 834: 833: 783: 782: 781: 780: 752: 751: 724: 723: 705: 704: 683: 682: 670:satisfies GNG 665: 644: 643: 642: 641: 640: 639: 638: 637: 636: 635: 634: 633: 605: 604: 586: 585: 538: 537: 519: 518: 483: 482: 442: 424: 397: 379: 378: 348: 321: 320: 300: 241: 240: 177: 116: 115: 110: 100: 95: 78: 76: 71: 46: 45: 25: 23: 15: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1408: 1396: 1394: 1390: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1267: 1266: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1250: 1249: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1234: 1233:WP:NOTCLEANUP 1230: 1226: 1223: 1222: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1182: 1181: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1120: 1118: 1117: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1079: 1078: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1028: 1026: 1021: 1020:SportingFlyer 1017: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1004: 1002: 997: 996:SportingFlyer 992: 991: 990: 986: 982: 978: 977: 976: 972: 968: 964: 963: 962: 959: 957: 951: 949: 944: 943:SportingFlyer 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 916: 915: 914: 910: 906: 901: 900: 899: 898: 895: 892: 890: 884: 882: 877: 876:SportingFlyer 873: 869: 865: 861: 860: 859: 858: 855: 851: 850: 849: 841: 838: 837: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 790: 785: 784: 779: 775: 771: 767: 764:According to 761: 760:SportingFlyer 756: 755: 754: 753: 750: 747: 745: 739: 737: 732: 731:SportingFlyer 728: 727: 726: 725: 722: 718: 714: 710: 707: 706: 702: 698: 694: 693:Coolabahapple 690: 685: 684: 681: 677: 673: 669: 666: 664: 660: 656: 655:🌸 1.Ayana 🌸 653: 649: 646: 645: 632: 629: 627: 621: 619: 614: 613:SportingFlyer 609: 608: 607: 606: 603: 599: 595: 590: 589: 588: 587: 584: 581: 579: 573: 571: 566: 565:SportingFlyer 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 541: 540: 539: 536: 532: 528: 523: 522: 521: 520: 517: 514: 512: 506: 504: 499: 498:SportingFlyer 495: 491: 487: 486: 485: 484: 481: 478: 475: 468: 464: 461: 458: 455: 452: 449: 446: 443: 441: 437: 433: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 412: 410: 405: 404:SportingFlyer 401: 398: 396: 392: 388: 384: 381: 380: 377: 373: 369: 364: 360: 356: 352: 349: 347: 346: 342: 338: 335: 331: 327: 323: 322: 318: 314: 310: 306: 301: 298: 294: 290: 286: 281: 280: 279: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 236: 232: 229: 226: 222: 218: 214: 211: 208: 205: 202: 199: 196: 193: 190: 186: 183: 182:Find sources: 178: 174: 170: 167: 161: 157: 153: 149: 144: 140: 135: 131: 127: 123: 119: 118: 114: 111: 108: 104: 101: 99: 96: 94: 91: 90: 89: 87: 82: 75: 72: 70: 69: 66: 65: 61: 59: 58: 51: 44: 42: 38: 33: 27: 26: 19: 1383: 1380: 1358: 1354: 1332: 1328: 1303: 1273:: plenty of 1270: 1224: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1144: 1128: 1115: 1110: 1097: 1096: 1080: 1030: 1022: 1006: 998: 953: 945: 930: 922: 918: 886: 878: 844: 843: 839: 814: 810: 806: 798: 794: 741: 733: 708: 667: 647: 623: 615: 575: 567: 508: 500: 444: 426: 414: 406: 399: 382: 362: 354: 350: 325: 324: 242: 230: 224: 216: 209: 203: 197: 191: 181: 168: 79: 63: 56: 55: 49: 47: 31: 28: 809:Her book . 207:free images 1291:Lightburst 1236:Lightburst 1116:Ritchie333 1089:WP:NOTNEWS 927:WP:NOTNEWS 872:WP:NOTNEWS 815:Candidate? 557:WP:NOTNEWS 488:She fails 249:WP:NOTNEWS 247:. There's 1389:talk page 1277:this not 1275:WP:SIGCOV 1229:WP:NEXIST 931:mentioned 811:Pardoned? 37:talk page 1391:or in a 1364:Darkwind 1337:Darkwind 1287:WP:BLP2E 1279:WP:BLP1E 1093:WP:BLP1E 1081:Redirect 868:WP:PROMO 561:WP:BLP1E 355:redirect 326:Redirect 309:Muboshgu 289:Muboshgu 269:Muboshgu 257:WP:GHITS 253:WP:BLP1E 166:View log 107:glossary 39:or in a 1308:Mpen320 1304:Comment 1271:Comment 1254:Mpen320 1206:Mpen320 1153:Mpen320 1100:Hut 8.5 823:Mpen320 807:Author? 770:Mpen320 490:WP:NPOL 477:Jack 🌵 368:Bearcat 363:holding 359:WP:NPOL 353:and/or 265:WP:NPOL 213:WP refs 201:scholar 139:protect 134:history 84:New to 1355:exists 1171:Djflem 1129:Delete 1050:Djflem 981:Djflem 939:WP:NOT 905:Djflem 864:WP:NOT 789:Pburka 713:pburka 672:Djflem 553:WP:NOT 549:WP:GNG 545:WP:GNG 494:WP:NOT 474:Cactus 427:Delete 400:Delete 351:Delete 337:Djflem 245:WP:GNG 185:Google 143:delete 57:BD2412 1359:about 652:Trump 328:: --> 228:JSTOR 189:books 173:Stats 160:views 152:watch 148:links 16:< 1368:talk 1341:talk 1329:Keep 1312:talk 1295:talk 1258:talk 1240:talk 1225:Keep 1210:talk 1175:talk 1157:talk 1111:Keep 1054:talk 985:talk 971:talk 909:talk 847:EDDY 840:Keep 827:talk 774:talk 717:talk 709:Keep 697:talk 676:talk 668:Keep 659:talk 648:Keep 598:talk 559:and 531:talk 445:Keep 436:talk 391:talk 383:Keep 372:talk 341:talk 313:talk 307:. – 293:talk 287:. – 273:talk 251:and 221:FENS 195:news 156:logs 130:talk 126:edit 50:keep 1083:to 917:It 471:−−− 361:is 332:or 235:TWL 164:– ( 1370:) 1343:) 1314:) 1297:) 1260:) 1242:) 1231:. 1212:) 1204:-- 1177:) 1159:) 1056:) 987:) 973:) 925:a 923:is 919:is 911:) 852:~ 829:) 793:. 776:) 719:) 699:) 691:. 678:) 661:) 600:) 533:) 462:, 459:, 456:, 453:, 450:, 438:) 393:) 374:) 343:) 315:) 295:) 275:) 215:) 158:| 154:| 150:| 146:| 141:| 137:| 132:| 128:| 1366:( 1362:– 1339:( 1310:( 1293:( 1256:( 1238:( 1208:( 1173:( 1155:( 1052:( 1033:C 1029:· 1025:T 1009:C 1005:· 1001:T 983:( 969:( 956:C 952:· 948:T 907:( 889:C 885:· 881:T 825:( 791:: 787:@ 772:( 762:: 758:@ 744:C 740:· 736:T 715:( 695:( 674:( 657:( 626:C 622:· 618:T 596:( 578:C 574:· 570:T 529:( 511:C 507:· 503:T 434:( 417:C 413:· 409:T 389:( 370:( 339:( 311:( 291:( 271:( 239:) 231:· 225:· 217:· 210:· 204:· 198:· 192:· 187:( 179:( 176:) 169:· 162:) 124:( 109:) 105:( 64:T

Index

Knowledge:Articles for deletion
talk page
deletion review
BD2412
T
00:46, 10 July 2020 (UTC)
Angela Stanton-King

Articles for deletion
How to contribute
Introduction to deletion process
Guide to deletion
glossary
Help, my article got nominated for deletion!
Angela Stanton-King
edit
talk
history
protect
delete
links
watch
logs
views
View log
Stats
Google
books
news
scholar

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.