652:
India, and so forth. People in those places just buy the
British ones (often not printed in the UK; they're reprinted in India, etc., under contract, to avoid the shipping expense). In formal writing, there is no difference between Barbadian, Hong Kong, Singaporean, or Ghanan English; they're all British English, aside from some loanwords borrowed from local languages (just as in Welsh, Scottish, Cornish, and Northern Irish English within the UK itself). Some English varieties, like those of Liberia, the Philippines, and Okinawa, are based on (and in formal writing follow the norms of) American English, not British.
824:. These do not set style, but collect and average it from other sources (generally on a national basis, and sort of splitting the difference between academic, news, and business writing). Such works must be used with care for several reasons. They're typically not very current, and may insist on traditionalisms that have already slipped out of conventional usage. They are derivative, not authoritative, and may simply pick an arbitrary recommendation when more authoritative sources conflict. Thus, they are rarely of use in informing internal MoS discussions, other than when surveyed in the aggregate (i.e., "Because
309:. They are often explicit that they are offering an opinion which may conflict with other style guides and which is not based on generally accepted norms, but attempting to establish one; this is primary. In other cases, they defer to other named sources' consensus on a matter; this is secondary. When they simply aggregate and repeat what almost all style writers agree on (e.g., start a sentence with a capital letter absent some special reason not to like a trademark that starts with a digit), then they are high-quality tertiary sources.
741:(analysis by Wikipedians themselves) is not permissible in articles, but is a regular part of internal Knowledge (XXG) deliberation on talk pages (e.g., it is how we arrive at an evaluation of author and publisher reputability and thus source reliability; how we summarize multiple sources in encyclopedically compressed wording for our readers; how we decide the best way to write about transgender biography subjects; how we determine whether a novel scientific idea is
923:, though quite comprehensive, is written by an attorney, and many others are written by news editors, teachers, and other users of – not scholars of – language). Most linguists do not agree with the idea that orthography (spelling, punctuation, etc.) is a matter of dialect (nationwide or otherwise); rather, it is a matter of various publishing industries' standards – i.e., of commerce.
31:
392:. Journalistic writing uses many conventions not appropriate for scholarly books (which is what an encyclopedia is, even if you move it online). Our MoS does derive a handful of things from journalism manuals, simply because they are not covered in academic ones. But MoS does not follow journalistic punctuation, capitalization, or
120:
184:, with particular regard to the reputability of the publisher and expertise and background (thus potential biases) of the author(s). Draw a sharp distinction between presenting the real-world consensus on a language matter versus advocating a subjective "rule". Most of these works are a mixture of sourcing types, but only
587:, these style guides vary from primary through tertiary in source type. They are primary sources for their organization-specific citation styles, but often tertiary for general and field-specific writing advice, being based on the norms of journal editors as expressed in journal- or publisher-specific stylesheets.
704:
for what that entity's own subjective preferences are for its internal memos and external marketing. Be careful when doing style research; it is easy to mistake something like the "University of Foobar Style Guide" for a work intended as public advice when it is really nothing but the opinion of the
918:
Our articles, like our MoS, should steer well clear of subjective pronouncements about what is "proper", "incorrect", "standard", etc. – even when some of our sources wander into that territory. Beware also claims about "American
English", "British English", etc. made by style guide authors who are
796:
Monographs (and two-author variants of the format) range from primary to tertiary sources, and must be used carefully and accordingly; by default, treat them as primary. The writing-advice volumes are almost entirely primary, while usage dictionaries are mostly tertiary but frequently peppered with
712:
A similar case is the submission requirements style sheets of individual journals and particular journal publishers. These reflect a single company or organization's viewpoint (or simply expediently made decisions), not an industry- or discipline-wide norm. They, too, are primary sources. They may
886:
High-quality grammars of
English are, however, very good sources for use in articles on the English language. They are mostly secondary and to an extent tertiary sources, written by actual language experts. They should take precedence over individual monographs and other prescriptive matter. For
643:
The
Australian government style guide, while intended for public not just governmental use, is generally excoriated; some of its recommendations have caused minor political disputes, and even "most public servants ignore it". A new edition has been in the planning stages for years, but even if it
594:
for a particular field, often scientific. While these mostly consist of highly compressed encyclopedic entries, they may offer reliable style advice on particular things, such as the proper capitalization of a symbol for a unit of measure, how to abbreviate "subspecies" in zoology versus botany,
465:
News style guides are mostly tertiary; the bulk of their content is in the form of usage dictionaries built up from the experience and input of many professional news editors. They can sometimes be primary, however, when making "do/don't write it this way" advice that conflicts with other style
651:
Aside from single-entity house style manuals (internal documents for university departments, companies, particular newspapers, specific ministries/agencies), or self-published one-author websites, real style guides do not appear to exists for the
Englishes of Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa,
671:
There are specialized style guides for legal writing, for business letters and memos, for effective marketing, etc., but they don't have any real impact on general writing. Some of these have field-specific details drawn from them (especially in law) for MoS, but otherwise have no detectable
169:
behind our MoS – are those for mainstream book publishing. Those of journalism also influence less formal usage (e.g. news reporting, marketing, and business style), but very little from them directly affects
Knowledge (XXG) style, because it's a markedly different kind of writing. Most
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influence on
Knowledge (XXG) style. In particular, many of them are "punctuation-hostile", and like to drop hyphens, commas and other marks that don't seem absolutely necessary when professionals are communicating with other professionals in the same field, in compressed and highly
247:
are the primary style guides of non-fiction book publishers in North
America and the Commonwealth, respectively, and also have a significant impact on journals. Well-educated people who write much will often have a copy of one or the other (though not always a current edition).
360:– regulatory language. They also exert some effects on national legal style (a field with its own manuals), and business writing to an extent (which also draws heavily on journalism/marketing style, of course). And that's about it. No English class is going to recommend the
1565:
985:", adopted from textual criticism, linguistics, philosophy, computer science, and other technical writing. Most academic and news writing follows the less precise punctation conventions typical of publishers in the country of publication, but consensus has decided this is
364:
to its students, for example; nor are these works relied upon by book, news, or academic publishers, except for limited, specialized purposes. Governmentese is a quirky style, full of excessive capitalization and a hatred of hyphens, commas, and much other punctuation.
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Government style guides should always be treated as primary sources; their sole purpose is to "lay down the law", advocating a strong stance about the writing under their authority (e.g. that of government workers, or those submitting government paperwork).
906:
when writing articles here (and sometimes why), without editorializing on propriety or legitimacy. We always keep our broad readership in mind – surely the most general audience in human history, in an era of unprecedented increase in (and reliance upon)
524:. Most of these are American, and are primarily used for citation styles and the preparation and publishing of academic papers in journals. Students and other casual users (like Wikipedians) of their styles tend to buy citation style summary guides like
2130:
785:(US, though recently internationalized to an extent and actually published at Oxford). There are also many how-to guides intended for a specific genre (writing better mystery novels or TV scripts, etc.). MoS is not concerned with these, and takes
329:
Style guides issued by government agencies/ministries are usually specific to that particular legal entity. There are exceptions, intended to normalize style across an entire government, with highly variable success rates; examples include the
887:
example, no amount of punditry against split infinitives and sentence-terminating prepositions can evade the well-studied linguistic fact that there are features of the language; their deployment or condemnation is primarily a matter of
777:. They range from overall writing advice to usage dictionaries, or some combination of these, and are of debated authority, often in conflict. The two best-accepted that take the form of usage dictionaries were already mentioned above:
1595:
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174:; we draw on them only for technical material. Government and legal manuals have little impact outside their fields; like academic manuals, they provide little to Knowledge (XXG) aside from some terminology and citation formatting.
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article structure of journalism is typically only found at
Knowledge (XXG) in simple articles; for more complex topics, our pages are arranged more like an academic paper, with a number of subtopical sections, especially if
372:. Government manuals have no authority to dictate style to non-governmental writers, including Knowledge (XXG). We do borrow from national legal style manuals their citation formats for legal cases, but very little else.
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in general, then this probably tells us something about
Canadian usage, while the result from the University of Toronto's arts department, taken in isolation, tells us nothing but what that department likes. This sort of
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for general English-language matters. The legal ones are often tertiary in large part, collecting mandatory formatting requirements imposed by various court systems, not just promulgating their authors' own style ideas.
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290:. It was formerly published in the UK, and leaned British for basic typographical matters, but the last few editions have been published in the US by the University of Chicago Press, and been normalized to an extent to
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975:": in titles of published works, capitalize a preposition of five letters or longer. Journalism style tends toward four or even three, while academic style most often lower-cases all prepositions, even long ones like
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provides research-based analysis for a claim, it is secondary. Where it repeats the averaged advice of "language authorities", it is tertiary. Where it expresses the author's opinion, it is necessarily primary.
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Two sorts of things that Knowledge (XXG) has adopted from journalism stylebooks are how to write about the transgendered, and which US cities are well-known enough to not need to be identified by state unless
526:
563:
writing principles comes from these works, though they inform several discipline-specific line items in some of MoS's sub-guidelines, and provide supporting authority for some decisions in MoS adopted from
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for medical, science, and other technical topics; e.g., it's where most of our advice on units of measure comes from. This is put together by a multi-disciplinary body of science writers from all over the
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434:, put out their own widely divergent style guides). The UK/Commonwealth press have no equivalent "monolithic" stylebook; each publisher makes up its own, or chooses to follow one of the major papers' (
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979:. It is one of the only ideas that Knowledge (XXG)'s MoS has pulled from university textbook style guides, a "split the difference" approach that produces a happy medium for most readers and editors.
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about what is "correct". Textbooks below the university/collegiate level are not reliable sources; this also goes for remedial textbooks, any books written for children, and works written for the
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Not all style guides are created equal; Knowledge (XXG)'s Manual of Style is only based on a few of them, aside from particular topical details. Use of them as sources in our articles must follow
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The style manuals in English that have the strongest effect on general public writing (in the kinds of secondary sources Knowledge (XXG) cares about) – and which most directly inform the
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We have editors from all those parts of the world, and would love to hear from them if they know of "native English" style guides produced in their countries. Please see the talk page.
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is mostly tertiary, and generally provides consistent advice with that of more discipline-specific manuals from professional bodies in chemistry, medicine, and other scientific fields
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came out tomorrow, it would be too soon for it to have any effect on Australian usage any time soon, much less on Knowledge (XXG). The Cambridge book has an Australian edition,
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618:(2016), intended as a classroom manual, is just a tweaked American one, by an American author, put out with a new cover; it is not a reliable source on Canadian norms. The
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In a few cases, editors with a bee in their bonnet about the "legitimacy" or "wrongness" of some particular style nit-pick (especially along nationalistic lines) have been
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Canada's style is in flux, even aside from being a commingling of British and American influences plus Canadian innovations. There are several competing style guides, like
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be useful for providing (attributed) quotable definitions of particular terms to compare with other definitions in articles on punctuation and other usage matters.
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says so" isn't a valid rationale). They are also typically written by educators and writers who specialize in writing for that market, not by language experts.
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within anglophone countries. A standard English is an estimation of usage acceptability within a population and does not imply the existence of a
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appear to be the most influential; they're all inconsistent with each other on many points, but converge on an overall British news style). The
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style manuals. Our MoS generally does not deal with grammatical matters, strictly speaking. Knowledge (XXG) trusts that our editors already
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When they offer general writing advice, aside from citations and field-specific stuff, the topical academic guides are mostly in line with
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It contains the advice or opinions of one or more Knowledge (XXG) contributors. This page is not an encyclopedia article, nor is it one of
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Innumerable organizations produce a "house style" guide for internal use. These are not reliable sources for English usage, and are just
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648:; it is already over a decade old, and is almost word-for-word identical to the UK edition, aside from a few .au colloquialism tweaks.
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There is no official body for issuing "standards" about the English language. Some reliable sources on English use the term
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discipline-specific academic style manuals are focused on citation formats and the preparation of papers for publication in
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in the sense of published specifications being issued. When referring to a standard English in an article, please link to
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from editing about that peccadillo, or even banned from MoS-related discussion as a whole, especially if their non-neutral
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purposes. Fairly often, you can even find conflicting style guides from different departments at the same legal entity.
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There's also a never-ending stream of over-priced undergraduate textbooks that are almost entirely rather regurgitative
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for British English, and Commonwealth English more broadly. They are not necessarily the most factually correct on all
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The four most frequently used style guides for English are also those that are the main bases of our own MoS. These are
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In newswriting, the most influential manual, by both number of compliant publishers and number of news readers, is the
157:; do not impose styles that don't comply with it just because a divergent style can be found in an external stylebook.
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Beyond the above, there are few style guides of note, other than for specific fields. Some major examples include the
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Basic learner materials are not reliable sources, for the same reason that secondary-school text books are not.
614:, but they're not published very frequently, and they contradict each other a lot. One "Canadian" style guide,
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English has no global or national language authority; there is no equivalent of the French language's
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policy considers them reliable as a general class (at the university level and higher), they are not
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common in low-end journalism, sportswriting, and entertainment coverage. Our encyclopedia articles'
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One distinction between Knowledge (XXG) style and that of many news and academic publishers is the "
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for short, on which most American government department manuals are actually closely based); the UK
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shows that 17 of the top 20 results in Canadian institutional house stylesheets exclusively prefer
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matters they address, but they are by far the best-selling and thus the most influential on usage.
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915:. Please keep these things in mind if you work on improving the Knowledge (XXG) Manual of Style.
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head of the school's marketing department for how to style university brochures and webpages for
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guides even in the same field. It's just organizational opinion – a stance – in that case.
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1131:(essay: just because bloggers or entertainment journalists do something doesn't mean we do)
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For citations in articles: Highly reputable, organizationally published style guides, like
357:
345:(for British government websites; too new to assess); and the Australian government's
4017:
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Assume that everyone's assuming good faith, assuming that you are assuming good faith
1079:(policy: the information in our articles must be sourceable and usually already sourc
16:"WP:STYLEGUIDES" redirects here. For Knowledge (XXG)'s own internal style guide, see
66:. Some essays represent widespread norms; others only represent minority viewpoints.
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These are the style guides with the most direct impact on formal written English.
1143:(essay: dictionaries do not magically trump other sources, policy, and reasoning)
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patently primary opinion; little in either type is secondary. Where a work like
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In this sense, "a grammar" means 'a published study of grammar; a grammar book'.
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sources, and (being tertiary) they cannot be used for any claims that involve
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1149:(essay: opinions about word usage do not trump reliable sources on language)
1137:(essay: avoid imposing strange stylistic quirks from field-specific writing)
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Don't accuse someone of a personal attack for accusing of a personal attack
847:– these require secondary sources. It is very easy to abuse such works to
430:), used by the majority of the US press (though several papers, including
1095:(guideline: we accept lots of citation formats; don't edit-war over them)
663:
Various other types of works are sometimes referred to as style guides.
1152:
1125:(essay: includes usage dictionaries and style guides that contain them)
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and must not be written like one, but for a general audience. As with
188:
material from them can be used in our articles for claims that provide
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Knowledge (XXG) essays and information pages about the Manual of Style
1147:
Knowledge (XXG):You are probably not a lexicologist or a lexicographer
2131:
Don't overuse shortcuts to policy and guidelines to win your argument
3413:
Knowledge (XXG) is not here to tell the world about your noble cause
353:
manuals for specific organizational purposes, e.g. UN directorates.
1056:"The document the Australian government hasn't updated in 14 years"
867:
of English, which sometimes cover a few style matters, but they're
720:
sometimes useful, but only in the aggregate. E.g., if a search on
527:
A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations
1596:
Criticisms of society may be consistent with NPOV and reliability
981:
This is just one example. Another is that Knowledge (XXG) uses "
405:
349:(last updated in 2002 and widely ignored). There are also some
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for Knowledge (XXG), a work that relies on quotation precision.
950:
have leeway to unilaterally issue editor or page restrictions.
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sources for use as citations in our actual articles; while our
294:
style on such matters, without affecting the technical advice.
732:
for movie houses only, one has no preference, and zero prefer
534:, after the original author, and containing also a summary of
356:
Governmental style guides determine (or attempt to determine)
114:
25:
1089:(policy: includes misuse of sources, especially primary ones)
875:
terminology (depending on the publication in question) – not
142:
for English writing, both as informative of our own internal
3293:
Not every single thing Donald Trump does deserves an article
2465:
Most people who disagree with you on content are not vandals
1933:
Knowledge (XXG) is not being written in an organized fashion
716:
For determining what MoS should advise, such "house organs"
477:
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
575:
When working on articles, it is important to remember that
2822:
Don't demand that editors solve the problems they identify
2631:
Drop the stick and back slowly away from the horse carcass
2226:
What to do if your article gets tagged for speedy deletion
1566:
Children's lit, adult new readers, & large-print books
1278:
Editing Knowledge (XXG) is like visiting a foreign country
946:
have been authorized to deal with MoS-related disruption:
138:
This advice page examines the use of externally published
1105:
Knowledge (XXG):Identifying and using independent sources
871:
works – about everyday usage for learners, or in serious
572:(which are broad academic-writing guides at their core).
343:
Guidance for Governmental Digital Publishing and Services
279:
Knowledge (XXG)'s Manual of Style also relies heavily on
3666:
How many Wikipedians does it take to change a lightbulb?
1119:(essay: includes much that is published in style guides)
626:, except on various Briticisms used commonly in Canada (
458:(both international newswires) diverge very little from
220:, for American and to some extent Canadian English; and
3676:
How to put up a straight pole by pushing it at an angle
102:
95:
88:
81:
3228:
No amount of editing can overcome a lack of notability
2862:
Don't make a smarmy valediction part of your signature
1117:
Knowledge (XXG):Identifying and using tertiary sources
2974:
There's no need to guess someone's preferred pronouns
1611:
Don't demolish the house while it's still being built
1111:
Knowledge (XXG):Identifying and using primary sources
1101:(guideline: author and publisher reputability matter)
272:
dates to 2004, is rarely cited, and is primarily for
3418:
Knowledge (XXG) is not the place to post your résumé
1113:(essay: includes style guides that are prescriptive)
1034:
at first occurrence so that readers are not mislead.
3965:
3919:
2992:
2699:
2563:
2397:
2269:
2029:
1956:
1451:
1210:
940:
personalization of style or article-titles disputes
898:
Tone about tone – dictating what's "right" is wrong
153:Remember that Knowledge (XXG) has and uses its own
3937:Difference between policies, guidelines and essays
3716:Newcomers are delicious, so go ahead and bite them
1338:Not editing because of Knowledge (XXG) restriction
814:, though a handful are fairly well-regarded, like
684:
667:In law, business, marketing, and other professions
552:Modern Humanities Research Association Style Guide
316:
190:analysis, evaluation, interpretation, or synthesis
182:policy on primary, secondary, and tertiary sources
1908:Understanding Knowledge (XXG)'s content standards
1200:Essays on building, editing, and deleting content
845:anaysis, evaluation, interpretation, or synthesis
590:A related teritiary source is an expert-compiled
538:style), rather than the full, expensive manuals.
2061:Arguments to avoid in image deletion discussions
2006:We shouldn't be able to figure out your opinions
1758:Not every story/event/disaster needs a biography
3736:No climbing the Reichstag dressed as Spider-Man
3466:Ain't no rules says a dog can't play basketball
3143:Drafts are not checked for notability or sanity
1783:Organizing disambiguation pages by subject area
1288:Eight simple rules for editing our encyclopedia
646:The Cambridge Guide to Australian English Usage
3163:Extracting the meaning of significant coverage
2329:High-functioning autism and Asperger's editors
2096:Counting and sorting are not original research
494:abridged student edition (collectively called
347:Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers
4029:Knowledge (XXG) essays about reliable sources
3990:How to contribute to Knowledge (XXG) guidance
3606:Don't abbreviate "Knowledge (XXG)" as "Wiki"!
2126:Don't confuse stub status with non-notability
1408:The role of policies in collaborative anarchy
1168:
521:American Sociological Association Style Guide
258:New Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors
8:
3656:Seven Ages of Editor, by Will E. Spear-Shake
2420:An uncivil environment is a poor environment
2146:How to save an article proposed for deletion
1423:We are absolutely here to right great wrongs
1398:Ten Simple Rules for Editing Knowledge (XXG)
1363:POV and OR from editors, sources, and fields
1099:Knowledge (XXG):Identifying reliable sources
1016:in a special sense. The academic concept of
967:
965:
963:
902:MoS is written to provide advice on what to
501:American Medical Association Manual of Style
3188:Inclusion is not an indicator of notability
229:Fowler's Dictionary of Modern English Usage
3916:
3903:
3881:You don't have to be mad to work here, but
3453:
3440:
3268:Notability is not relevance or reliability
3223:News coverage does not decrease notability
3133:Discriminate vs indiscriminate information
3083:Arguments to avoid in deletion discussions
3060:
3047:
2266:
2253:
2076:Before commenting in a deletion discussion
2051:Arguments to avoid in deletion discussions
1207:
1194:
1175:
1161:
1153:
897:
757:. Some notable examples include those of
150:cited in our articles on English usage.
3776:Please be a giant dick, so we can ban you
2066:Arguments to make in deletion discussions
1686:Identifying and using independent sources
1135:Knowledge (XXG):Specialized-style fallacy
404:have little in common with journalistic "
307:primary, secondary, and tertiary sourcing
3942:Don't cite essays as if they were policy
3103:Big events make key participants notable
2550:Knowledge (XXG) should not be a monopoly
1928:Knowledge (XXG) is not a reliable source
1666:Formatting bilateral relations templates
934:starts affecting article content. Avoid
487:Modern Language Association Style Manual
60:Knowledge (XXG)'s policies or guidelines
3353:Solutions are mixtures and nothing else
3258:Notability is not a level playing field
3173:How the presumption of notability works
2289:Contributing to complicated discussions
2141:How the presumption of notability works
1661:Formatting bilateral relations articles
1476:Adding images improves the encyclopedia
1141:Knowledge (XXG):Tertiary-source fallacy
1123:Knowledge (XXG):Dictionaries as sources
1047:
959:
3886:You should not write meaningless lists
3183:Historical/Policy/Notability/Arguments
2490:Staying cool when the editing gets hot
2231:When in doubt, hide it in the woodwork
2056:Arguments to avoid in deletion reviews
1621:Don't hope the house will build itself
1228:All Five Pillars are equally important
1062:. Canberra: Content Group. 2 May 2016.
358:bureaucratese/governmentese/militarese
3313:One sentence does not an article make
3263:Notability is not a matter of opinion
2979:You can't squeeze blood from a turnip
2892:Don't throw your toys out of the pram
2410:A weak personal attack is still wrong
2349:Obsessive–compulsive disorder editors
1981:Don't throw more litter onto the pile
1923:Knowledge (XXG) is a work in progress
1748:Minors and persons judged incompetent
1511:An unfinished house is a real problem
1496:Alternatives to the "Expand" template
1298:External criticism of Knowledge (XXG)
1107:(essay: conflicts of interest matter)
511:American Chemical Society Style Guide
161:How Knowledge (XXG) uses style guides
7:
3866:What Knowledge (XXG) is not/Outtakes
3846:Things that should not be surprising
3541:Bad Jokes and Other Deleted Nonsense
2867:Don't remind others of past misdeeds
2812:Don't come down like a ton of bricks
2797:Don't call people by their real name
2545:Knowledge (XXG) is not about winning
2475:Profanity, civility, and discussions
1883:There are no shortcuts to neutrality
1129:Knowledge (XXG):Common-style fallacy
1087:Knowledge (XXG):No original research
722:Canadian spelling theatre OR theatre
270:The Cambridge Guide to English Usage
3741:No one cares about your garage band
3726:List of jokes about Knowledge (XXG)
3393:What is and is not routine coverage
3238:No one cares about your garage band
3158:Existence does not prove notability
2576:Assume the assumption of good faith
2505:There is no Divine Right of Editors
2359:Relationships with academic editors
2221:Why was the page I created deleted?
2216:Knowledge (XXG) is not Whack-A-Mole
1656:Featured articles may have problems
1443:Knowledge (XXG) is not RationalWiki
3786:Please do not murder the newcomers
3343:Reducing consensus to an algorithm
2827:Don't drink the consensus Kool-Aid
2041:Adjectives in your recommendations
1918:What an article should not include
1808:The problem with elegant variation
1616:Don't get hung up on minor details
1433:Knowledge (XXG) is an encyclopedia
384:Knowledge (XXG) is not written in
256:are both usage dictionaries (like
178:As sources for use in our articles
64:thoroughly vetted by the community
14:
3836:The first rule of Knowledge (XXG)
3408:Knowledge (XXG) is not Crunchbase
3108:Businesses with a single location
2389:You have a right to remain silent
1838:Restoring part of a reverted edit
1793:Potential, not just current state
1723:Ignore STRONGNAT for date formats
685:other discipline-specific manuals
2857:Don't knit beside the guillotine
2852:Don't ignore community consensus
2086:Confusing arguments mean nothing
1022:refers to the majority dialects
577:Knowledge (XXG) is not a journal
118:
44:Knowledge (XXG):Reliable sources
29:
23:Essay on editing Knowledge (XXG)
3358:Sources must be out-of-universe
3073:All high schools can be notable
2470:Old-fashioned Wikipedian values
2156:Identifying blatant advertising
1938:The world will not end tomorrow
1768:Not everything needs a template
1681:How to write a featured article
1283:Editors will sometimes be wrong
749:Monographs and how-to materials
144:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style
48:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style
18:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style
3947:Avoid writing redundant essays
3596:Don't stuff beans up your nose
3471:Akin's Laws of Article Writing
3298:Obscurity ≠ Lack of notability
3248:Notability cannot be purchased
3208:Masking the lack of notability
1971:Copyediting reception sections
1873:Temporary versions of articles
1803:Principle of Some Astonishment
1591:Creating controversial content
1491:Akin's Laws of Article Writing
1438:Knowledge (XXG) is a community
1093:Knowledge (XXG):Citing sources
351:international or world English
1:
3973:About policies and guidelines
3088:Articles with a single source
2712:Knowledge (XXG):Because I can
2535:Two wrongs don't make a right
2525:The rules of polite discourse
2455:It's not the end of the world
1763:Not everything needs a navbox
1631:Don't "teach the controversy"
1303:Here to build an encyclopedia
1077:Knowledge (XXG):Verifiability
921:Garner's Modern English Usage
787:a consistent writing approach
616:A Canadian Writer's Reference
470:Topical academic style guides
398:bombastic and unusual wording
333:US Government Printing Office
217:Garner's Modern English Usage
3861:Knowledge (XXG) is an MMORPG
3556:BOLD, revert, revert, revert
3476:Alternatives to edit warring
2339:Maintaining a friendly space
753:There are innumerable style
454:and the house-style one for
3841:The Five Pillars of Untruth
3631:Editing under the influence
3168:Google searches and numbers
2887:Don't template the regulars
2802:Don't call the kettle black
2596:Be excellent to one another
2480:Revert notification opt-out
2384:We are all Wikipedians here
1833:Put a little effort into it
1778:Obtain peer review comments
1733:Introduction to structurism
1671:Fruit of the poisonous tree
1641:Editors are not mindreaders
1546:BOLD, revert, discuss cycle
1536:Beef up that first revision
1308:Leave it to the experienced
1273:Don't search for objections
547:Scientific Style and Format
314:
311:Scientific Style and Format
282:Scientific Style and Format
203:The Chicago Manual of Style
4045:
3871:Why not create an account?
3806:Requirements for adminship
3681:How to vandalize correctly
3651:Five Fs of Knowledge (XXG)
3611:Don't delete the main page
3531:Avoid using preview button
3253:Notability comparison test
2837:Don't fight fire with fire
2832:Don't eat the troll's food
2792:Don't call a spade a spade
2787:Don't bludgeon the process
2636:Encourage full discussions
2485:Shadowless Fists of Death!
2121:Don't attack the nominator
2081:But there must be sources!
1903:Try not to leave it a stub
1853:Source your plot summaries
881:have that under their belt
654:
637:The Gregg Reference Manual
423:Associated Press Stylebook
71:
15:
3915:
3902:
3821:Sarcasm is really helpful
3761:Notability is not eternal
3686:How to win a citation war
3456:
3452:
3439:
3148:Every snowflake is unique
3068:Advanced source searching
3063:
3059:
3046:
2949:No, you can't have a pony
2897:Do not insult the vandals
2757:Don't be high-maintenance
2314:Encouraging the newcomers
2265:
2252:
1858:Specialized-style fallacy
1823:Pruning article revisions
1651:Endorsements (commercial)
1636:Editing on mobile devices
1541:Blind men and an elephant
1516:Articles have a half-life
1263:Dissent is not disloyalty
1233:Avoid vague introductions
1206:
1193:
599:For Englishes around the
3831:The Night Before Wikimas
3696:Ignore every single rule
3671:How to get away with UPE
3551:Before they were notable
3323:Overreliance upon Google
3118:Common sourcing mistakes
2691:Settle the process first
2651:Imagine others complexly
2555:Writing for the opponent
2530:There is no common sense
2211:Unopposed AFD discussion
2196:Relisting can be abusive
2071:Avoid repeated arguments
1676:Give an article a chance
1526:Avoid mission statements
1486:Advanced text formatting
1481:Advanced article editing
1428:Knowledge (XXG) in brief
1413:The rules are principles
1373:Product, process, policy
1223:Articles must be written
938:about style, especially
891:, not of "correctness".
676:professional journal or
620:Canadian Press Stylebook
612:Editing Canadian English
196:The "big four", plus one
126:This page in a nutshell:
3966:Policies and guidelines
3801:Requests for medication
3781:Please bite the newbies
3706:Mess with the templates
3273:Notability means impact
2807:Don't call things cruft
2782:Don't be the Fun Police
2591:Avoid the word "vandal"
2540:Knowledge (XXG) clichés
2405:A thank you never hurts
2176:Liar liar pants on fire
2111:Deletion is not cleanup
2021:Writing better articles
2011:Write the article first
1986:Gender-neutral language
1958:Writing article content
1948:Writing better articles
1943:Write the article first
1878:Tertiary-source fallacy
1646:Encourage the newcomers
1606:Dictionaries as sources
1551:Build content to endure
944:Discretionary sanctions
837:WP:No original research
622:pretty closely follows
592:encyclopedic dictionary
396:practices, and eschews
266:New Oxford Style Manual
3995:Policy writing is hard
3701:Is that even an essay?
3398:What notability is not
3153:Existence ≠ Notability
2762:Don't be inconsiderate
2686:Read before commenting
2671:Mind your own business
2586:Avoid personal remarks
2161:Identifying test edits
1506:A navbox on every page
1461:100K featured articles
1258:Concede lost arguments
1253:Competence is required
1184:Knowledge (XXG) essays
909:mutual intelligibility
260:, often packaged with
3791:Pledge of Tranquility
3536:Avoid using wikilinks
3363:Subjective importance
2877:Don't spite your face
2666:Keep it down to earth
2430:Beware of the tigers!
2369:Too long; didn't read
2309:Edit at your own pace
2279:Accepting other users
2046:AfD is not a war zone
1393:There is no seniority
1333:Neutrality of sources
987:not the best approach
919:not linguists (e.g.,
62:, as it has not been
3957:Quote your own essay
3826:Sausages for tasting
3601:Don't-give-a-fuckism
3571:CaPiTaLiZaTiOn MuCh?
3383:Vanispamcruftisement
3283:Notability sub-pages
3093:Avoid template creep
3053:Essays on notability
2969:There are no oracles
2752:Don't be a WikiBigot
2606:Call a spade a spade
2379:Unblock perspectives
2206:The Heymann Standard
2191:Overzealous deletion
2151:I just don't like it
1888:There is no deadline
1753:"Murder of" articles
1581:Common-style fallacy
1453:Article construction
1368:Process is important
1313:Levels of competence
1238:Be a reliable source
849:push a point of view
822:The Penguin Handbook
817:The Bedford Handbook
549:. There's also the
264:in a single volume,
3746:No one really cares
3661:Go ahead, vandalize
3423:Two prongs of merit
3368:Third-party sources
3288:Notabilitymandering
3243:No one really cares
3198:Inherent notability
3193:Independent sources
3078:Alternative outlets
2912:Nationalist editing
2882:Don't take the bait
2847:Don't help too much
2772:Don't be prejudiced
2742:Don't be an ostrich
2707:ALPHABETTISPAGHETTI
2440:Deletion as revenge
2415:Advice for hotheads
2236:No Encyclopedic Use
2116:Does deletion help?
2016:Writing about women
1898:The deadline is now
1893:There is a deadline
1773:Nothing is in stone
1403:Tendentious editing
1318:Levels of consensus
1060:ContentGroup.com.au
863:Finally, there are
610:(which is old) and
305:, are a mixture of
303:New Hart's / Oxford
3756:No sorcery threats
3636:Embrace Stop Signs
3516:Assume good wraith
3491:Anti-Wikipedianism
3328:Perennial websites
3318:Other stuff exists
2954:Passive aggression
2917:No angry mastodons
2907:Hate is disruptive
2767:Don't be obnoxious
2732:Don't be a fanatic
2510:Most ideas are bad
2450:Forgive and forget
2259:Essays on civility
1868:Run an edit-a-thon
1601:Deprecated sources
1576:Citation underkill
1561:Chesterton's fence
1531:Be neutral in form
1383:Reasonability rule
1348:Oversimplification
1323:Most ideas are bad
1019:standard Englishes
936:disruptive editing
853:simplified English
763:Strunk & White
707:corporate identity
659:Other style guides
608:The Canadian Style
432:The New York Times
370:Académie française
325:Government manuals
4011:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4003:
4002:
3898:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3876:Yes legal threats
3691:Ignore all essays
3576:Complete bollocks
3501:Asshole John rule
3435:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3388:What BLP1E is not
3308:One hundred words
3278:Notability points
3042:
3041:
3038:
3037:
2842:Don't give a fuck
2717:Civil POV pushing
2681:Mutual withdrawal
2571:Assume good faith
2435:Civility warnings
2354:Please say please
2304:Editors' pronouns
2248:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2136:Follow the leader
2001:Use our own words
1966:Avoid thread mode
1813:Pro and con lists
1571:Citation overkill
1521:Autosizing images
1243:Civil POV pushing
983:logical quotation
791:including fiction
789:to all subjects,
739:original research
696:House stylesheets
678:trade publication
388:, as a matter of
136:
135:
113:
112:
4036:
3952:Finding an essay
3917:
3904:
3566:Butterfly effect
3561:Boston Tea Party
3521:Assume stupidity
3506:Assume bad faith
3496:Articlecountitis
3454:
3441:
3373:Trivial mentions
3218:Minimum coverage
3061:
3048:
2747:Don't be ashamed
2626:Discussing cruft
2616:Deny recognition
2515:Nothing is clear
2324:Expect no thanks
2267:
2254:
2186:Nothing is clear
2033:deleting content
1716:Tertiary sources
1471:Acronym overkill
1343:The one question
1208:
1195:
1188:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1154:
1064:
1063:
1052:
1035:
1032:Standard English
1010:
1004:
1001:
995:
973:five-letter rule
969:
812:tertiary sources
723:
410:inverted pyramid
362:GPO Style Manual
320:
223:New Hart's Rules
148:reliable sources
122:
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115:
105:
98:
91:
84:
52:manuals of style
33:
32:
26:
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3932:Value of essays
3911:
3890:
3721:Legal vandalism
3586:Counting juntas
3486:Anti-Wikipedian
3448:
3446:Humorous essays
3427:
3403:What to include
3348:Run-of-the-mill
3338:Read the source
3303:Offline sources
3098:Bare notability
3055:
3034:
2988:
2939:No Confederates
2737:Don't be a jerk
2695:
2661:Keep it concise
2601:Beyond civility
2559:
2393:
2334:How to be civil
2299:Don't retaliate
2261:
2240:
2171:Keep it concise
2106:Delete the junk
2101:Delete or merge
2091:Content removal
2025:
1991:Myth vs fiction
1952:
1843:Robotic editing
1706:Science sources
1701:Primary sources
1691:History sources
1466:Abandoned stubs
1447:
1218:Article content
1202:
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889:register of use
861:
808:
751:
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702:primary sources
698:
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661:
656:
604:
472:
446:of London, and
394:extreme brevity
382:
380:News stylebooks
327:
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3295:
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3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3138:Don't cite GNG
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3113:But it's true!
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3064:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3010:WikiHarassment
3007:
3002:
2996:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2944:No queerphobia
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2581:Assume no clue
2578:
2573:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2319:Enjoy yourself
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2275:
2273:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2250:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1848:Sham consensus
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1293:Explanationism
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1214:
1212:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1190:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1025:
1005:
996:
958:
957:
955:
952:
905:
899:
896:
866:
860:
857:
842:
834:
807:
804:
750:
747:
719:
697:
694:
690:
668:
665:
660:
657:
603:
597:
562:
530:(often called
471:
468:
381:
378:
326:
323:
206:(often called
197:
194:
187:
179:
162:
159:
146:(MoS), and as
134:
133:
123:
111:
110:
107:
106:
99:
92:
85:
82:WP:STYLEGUIDES
77:
72:
69:
57:
56:
36:
34:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4041:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4019:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3964:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3905:
3901:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3856:Watchlistitis
3854:
3852:
3851:The WikiBible
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3796:R-e-s-p-e-c-t
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3771:Play the game
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3711:My local pond
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3621:Edits Per Day
3619:
3617:
3616:Editcountitis
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3442:
3438:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3203:Insignificant
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3054:
3049:
3045:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3020:WikiLawyering
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2993:WikiRelations
2991:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2817:Don't cry COI
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2777:Don't be rude
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2722:Cyberbullying
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:The last word
2498:
2496:
2495:The grey zone
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1913:Walled garden
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1738:Mine a source
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1586:Concept cloud
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1556:Cherrypicking
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1388:Systemic bias
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
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