2034:." In this case both the noun and verb were doubled. A typical example might be "What the foundation does for shelters is it provides essential funding for clean clothes, blankets and other mundane necessities, while other foundations may earmark their donations for only food or medical needs." Most of us are paying attention to the message, and don't notice the redundancy. In almost all cases this structure can be reduced to "It does something." E.g. "The foundation provides shelters with essential funding for ..." In rare cases, where some qualifier is present on the initial verb, the verb doubling can seem more appropriate, but it still boils down to a redundancy: "What it does is do something.") Sample case: "What the foundation really does for shelters, contrary to common misconceptions, is provide essential funding for ..." But even such cases can easily be re-worded: "Contrary to common misconceptions, the foundation really provides shelters with essential funding for ..."
1603:, as in "Had the Administration a faster response, the public reaction could have been less negative." Rewrite to avoid such constructions, which are often confusing for non-fluent English readers: "If the Administration's response had been faster, the public reaction could have been less negative." Have-prefixing is common in poetry and song ("Have yourself a merry little Christmas", "Baa-baa black sheep, have you any wool?"), but not appropriate in encyclopedic writing. Another example to avoid is placement of the subject and verb (even worse, in inverted order, again from poetic uses like "a jolly old soul was he") after the object: "the company's chief executive he was, from 2002 to 2006" or "the company's chief executive was he, from 2002 to 2006".
2294:, it is a matter of personal or peer-group-collective preference. In either case, be wary of changing such an example to your own preferred spelling, as this may result in very pointless edit-warring. The simplest way to settle any such dispute is to agree to use the version best attested in refereed/peer-reviewed journals (in fields in which the term in question is not a term-of-art with one commonly accepted spelling). Such transitional compounds, which frequently arise in technology and business contexts, differ from the outright neologistic compounds
1593:, and so on. Example of ambiguity: "they fought the new requirements to conserve fuel"; without "in order", it would be unclear if there was a fight to conserve fuel, against fuel-inefficient requirements, or a fight against requirements that call for conserving fuel. Nevertheless, such a phrase can also simply be rewritten to avoid the construction ("they fought the new fuel conservation requirements", or "to conserve fuel, they fought the new requirements", as appropriate).
2151:, by contrast, is usually used in reference to three or more parties ("all members of the board of directors should treat one another with courtesy") and to aggregates in the general ("Lennon believed we would have peace if people simply learned to love one another"). "One another" is archaic when applied to pairs, unless the relationship is impersonal ("the United States and China watch one another warily";
2422:. A good rule of thumb is that if the term either refers to a cohesive system – political, scientific, etc. – or is a recent coinage referring to a living or recently living person (or recent business entity, etc.), it should be capitalized. If the phrase has come to be used metaphorically or comparatively, but once referred to a specific well-known person or group, it is also usually capitalized, e.g.
1762:, etc.: An error by non-native English speakers (mostly German and South Asian) that has become so common in software and other tech product advertising and documentation in the last decade or so that it has even been picked up by some native speakers. Phrases like "the new feature allows to process the data more efficiently" are actually nonsensical in English, as
2010:. Example: "what the advanced replacement module does on the technical level is that it streamlines the productivity of the organizational prioritization in the system of the employees' and other associates' calendarized labor output" vs. "the new module prioritizes the system's worker scheduling." While the practice was scathingly lampooned in 1946 by
24:
98:
1618:. "She wanted to simply go to the store" can arguably be changed to "She wanted simply to go to the store", although this would be much better as "she simply wanted to go to the store" (it is the circumstance that is simple, not the mental process). On the other hand, "he went home to quietly reflect on the day"
2865:. ("Creeped" has semi-recently acquired currency in the sense of "made uneasy", as in "His actions creeped me out" or "he creeped on her by standing much too close". This is still too informal for Knowledge (XXG), except in a direct quote.) On the other hand, some very colloquial British and American
378:
will suffice. There are few instances of phrases in forms like "depended upon" or "thinking upon", in which "upon" cannot be replaced with "on". The "upon" construction is principally poetic (e.g. "wish upon a star"), but remains common in poor attempts at formal
English. The surviving worthwhile use
175:
to indicate indifference or uncertainty makes such a sentence jarring and confusing to modern readers, and should be replaced with something more specific: "Regardless of these problems, they relocated to
Birmingham the following year" or "Whatever the case may have been, they relocated to Birmingham
2581:
survive in current publications, and arguably they should be avoided entirely in favor of more common units when this would not be unduly jarring to readers experienced in the field in question. When used, they should be parenthetically converted into their metric and imperial/customary equivalents
2302:
in that they are commonly found in professionally edited publications, as are their uncompounded and sometimes their hyphenated counterparts (i.e. disparate views on what is standard usage), while the neologistic variety are common only on blogs, Web pages and other media without editorial oversight
2195:
Irregular compounds: A few words are curiously "over-compounded" in standard
English and are so confusing to many readers and editors that they are frequently de-compounded because they are mistaken for typographical errors. In virtually every case, they can easily be replaced with other words, and
2025:
Doubled subject or verb: One of the most common grammar errors in modern
English – so frequent in everyday speech it can become transparent, especially in complex sentences – is doubling of the subject and even the verb. (Did you even notice it in the corporate verbosity example above?) It typically
1840:
Tortured attempts at gender neutrality: Several features (or alleged features) of
English may be gradually coming to the forefront in the area of gender-neutral language, but should be avoided on Knowledge (XXG) unless and until such time that they become far more widely accepted. Broadly successful
1797:
There is no such thing as a "however female" nor a process called "smaller weighing". This should have read: "Mature males can weigh as much as 15 pounds; however, females are generally smaller, weighing between 8 and 11 pounds", and the "however" is unnecessary. Such laziness is the direct result
1945:
as a stand-alone noun. Rewrite to avoid; e.g., if "unsportsmanlike" or "sportsmanship" might be considered inappropriate in the context, such as an article about women's basketball, use alternative wording like "unfair conduct" or "fair play", or if the official rules of the sport use the masculine
1636:
Overuse of commas: English before the 20th century frequently made use of many more commas than modern prose. Today, commas are generally only used a) to indicate a natural brief pause, and b) to disambiguate passages that would be confusing without them. Victorian-style comma usage (which can even
130:
While your regional dialect may include, in daily speech and informal writing, some features of
English that are considered archaic in most dialects, it is generally not a good idea to use them in Knowledge (XXG) articles, even when some of them may still be considered "proper" in some prescriptive
117:
offers a great deal of guidance on article writing. This essay explores in more depth a few points as they relate to contemporary Modern
English language style versus archaic or neologistic usages, and makes some recommendations that go beyond the MOS "rules", based on actual cases encountered in
1199:. Another hint that may be useful though not terribly reliable is spell-checking software; if a singular, single-word foreign term is flagged as unrecognized, this may be an indication that it should be italicized (this trick often does not work with plurals or multiple-word or hyphenated terms).
212:
more appropriately, or use another construction: "unbeknownst to
Johnson ..." could become "although Johnson was unaware of it ...", "behind Johnson's back ..." etc., depending on the context. Like "whatsoever", "unbeknownst" has some vestigial currency in journalism and fiction, but isn't a word
1357:
German-style capitalization of nouns that are not proper names: While it once was common in
English – well into the early 20th century in some areas – it is no longer appropriate at all to write something like "Smith's Cat was eaten by his Dog". Some narrow specialties like ornithology have a
1793:
Dropping of commas that are required (by most if not all style guides, and by readability needs), and the related inappropriate reduction of semicolons to commas. Real world example: "Mature males can weigh as much as 15 pounds, however females are generally smaller weighing between 8 and 11
1392:
should be lower-cased on sight, unless and until a preponderance of the evidence shows that the term in question is not only uniformly capitalized in formal publications in the field to which it pertains but also in mainstream generalist works such as encyclopedias, dictionaries, newspapers,
1622:
be handled in this manner, as "he went home quietly to reflect on the day" has a completely different meaning, describing his manner of going, not of his reflection. A better rewrite would be "he went home to reflect quietly on the day". A comma-laden version preserving the rather
Victorian
126:
Most Knowledge (XXG) readers are native speakers of dialects that have largely dispensed with obsolescent words and turns of phrase, while other readers have learned (or are still learning) English as a second language. It is important for these audiences that Wikipedians write articles in
2620:(two weeks) remains common in British and many Commonwealth variants, especially in business (e.g. in reference to wage and billing cycles), but is no longer current in North American and some other dialects; everyone, on the other hand, knows what "two weeks" means. Another example is
2062:
Generally also avoid ending a sentence with a preposition: The same caveat as for split infinitives applies here. But note that the preceding bullet point ends with a preposition; a terminal preposition is preferable to a tortured construction like "for problems of which to be aware".
1801:
Neologistic over-compounding: Some phrases have recently begun undergoing the process of compounding, and remain in that process, which may or may not ultimately prevail. This has led to much compounding in informal prose that is too neologistic for Knowledge (XXG) use. For example,
647:. This practice was almost extinct by the early 1970s, and has long since fallen into obscurity, as the words and their pronunciations are clear through familiarity and context. Personal name and trademark spellings like José, Nestlé, Cēpacol etc., are to be respected, of course
1238:
should be italicized (and linked at first occurrence, for the benefit of readers unfamiliar with them). Various style guides disagree on exactly which should and should not be in italics; if in doubt, italicize, and don't edit-war over it if someone removes the italics.
1461:
3010:
Objective consideration of contemporary phenomena compels the conclusion that success or failure in competitive activities exhibits no tendency to be commensurate with innate capacity, but that a considerable element of the unpredictable must invariably be taken into
1468:
Similarly, words that do, but only barely, survive in Modern English: Some words and spellings aren't quite extinct because of their presence in well-known sayings or quotations, but have virtually no modern use outside those contexts. A few familiar examples include
1411:
was formerly commonly used to refer to past events with a hypothetical but no longer possible conditional, as in "if the Administration's response had been faster, the public reaction may have been less negative". This usage is now confusing to many readers, for whom
1810:). On the technological side, the rise of electronic real-time messaging has led to increasing laziness (or "efficiency", according to some), with resultant excessive running-together of phrases, hyphenated compounds and acronyms. One of the most frequent cases is
515:) are actually different terms; the former means "connected to a computer network", while the latter means "connected to a power source" and also has some figurative meanings of "operational; completely functional", as in "our new business model is finally on-line".
1949:
Do not use gender-neutral terms where not necessary (e.g., where the subject's gender is already known), or where such a term is/was not preferred by the article subject: Use "Janet Yamamoto became Chairwoman in 1999", not "... Chairperson ..." (and possibly avoid
2092:; articles should, despite occasional phrasing awkwardness, be written so as to avoid beginning any sentences with such names. This makes the material grammatically sound, and respects the official name at the same time (definitely do not change the name, e.g. to
939:(hominy, pork & chile stew) have not, except arguably in the U.S. Southwest, Florida and Belize (i.e., the fully-understood usage in English is confined to too small an area for such terms to be broadly considered assimilated and their italicization dropped).
1623:
modifier-first structure – "he went home, quietly to reflect on the day" – is excessively flowery, and the subtle difference will be lost on many readers who will mistake it for the same thing as the comma-free version. It is notable that recent editions of
2043:
Several features of English are in various stages of slow decline (or subject to conscious attempts at change), but are still vastly preferred in formal writing, including on Knowledge (XXG). These include but are not limited to style guide advice to:
1841:
changes in this area are considered standard English for Knowledge (XXG) purposes, as already mentioned, but several are too "bleeding-edge" to be used here. Our language is constantly evolving, the articles will change gradually with the language, and
1726:), especially in biographical articles. Via emulation of journalistic writing, it appears frequently enough in Knowledge (XXG) to be a problem. It isn't encyclopedic, and is a clear example of Victorianesque verbosity and archness for their own sakes.
106:
An important aspect of writing encyclopedically is using broadly accessible, modern English (but not unpopular neologisms), rather than wording that will sound outmoded (or futuristic) to most readers, even if "standard" in your regional (or personal)
2169:
in English, despite the spread (mostly from instant and text messaging, but also from some expediency-oriented news publishers) of lower-case, period-free acronyms. However, unit initialisms in lower case, including mph, mpg, and dpi, are written
1358:
tendency to use such capitalization in the common (vernacular) names of species, but Knowledge (XXG) does not do this, since most reliable sources (even major science journals when publishing ornithological papers) do not. "Species capping" is a
2509:
can be used without awkwardness, prefer it. If use of subjunctive is reverted more than once, this is a strong indication that the passage needs to be rewritten one way or another because it is distracting and confusing various
565:: if the article is written in American English and uses the spelling with periods, the spelling should not be changed, but in other cases should be "US" in consistency with Knowledge (XXG)'s handling of acronyms generally. Per
1633:. This principle is obviously one that can be applied to writing an encyclopedia. If an edit-war erupts over a split infinitive, rewrite the passage, without changing the underlying meaning, to make the dispute moot.
2146:
is usually used in reference to two parties ("Jane and Ernesto love each other very much"). And note that it is "each other", with a space; "eachother" is one of the most common typographical errors in English.
1798:
of applying the breathless rush of instant messaging, texting, and online chat to contexts that have no need for excessive haste. Comma usage has to be balanced; see above for excessive Victorian use of commas.
2052:: Unless the result will be unusually awkward or difficult to understand, there's probably no reason to split the infinitive. And in such an exceptional case, consider just rewriting to avoid the construction.
2022:. Nevertheless, many editors, especially from business, marketing and technical fields, will insert language of this sort in Knowledge (XXG) articles, simply because they're so mired in it every day at work.
556:
Use of periods in acronyms and initialisms – use AWOL, NORAD and UK, not A.W.O.L., N.O.R.A.D. and U.K. Note that some (especially American) editors prefer to use "U.S." in reference to the United States,
127:
accessible, modern wording. Other audiences to consider are media organizations, students, bloggers, and others who may quote material from Knowledge (XXG) directly, to a more general secondary audience.
2648:, there's no compelling reason to use it outside such contexts even in British English. Briticisms, Americanisms, etc., should not be used just because you might be able to "get away with it" under
2979:
All of a sudden, the TV screen would become a giant web browser in full screen mode, allowing to not only access any content on cable or broadcast TV but also any content available on the internet.
1718:. This practice was once almost overwhelmingly common in newspaper headlines, but is declining even there, though it remains common in editorial journalism (which often even invents "words", like
342:, and other masculine terminology generically (as in "the player may then make his closing move"): Rewrite to avoid these constructions, which are broadly and increasingly interpreted as sexist.
2577:, and so on, almost entirely limited to specialized contexts such as nautical usage, cooking and bar-tending, or jewelry-making. Such terms should not be used outside the context in which they
2310:, and repurposings of proper names that have become fully absorbed into English as simple words seem confusing at first. While often capitalized until the early–mid 20th century, many are
1990:
Corporate-style verbosity: Intentional use of obfuscatory language intended to stretch the length of a sentence is not just a Victorianesque practice, but in a different form has arisen as
1362:
that is a poor choice in a general encyclopedia. For completely different reasons, breeders of dogs, cats, horses, and other domestic animals insist on the capitalization of the names of
1699:
Mixture of present and preterite in compound verbs: Instead of constructions like "the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya is ended" use something like "ended in October 2011" with no auxiliary verb.
2900:
variants should not be added to articles written in American English, and while it is grammatically permissible and arguably helpful for our general readership to replace often obscure
149:
or condescending manner, or habitually using overly learned words when simpler ones will suffice, makes it more difficult to use the encyclopedia. (That said, en.wikipedia.org is not
1830:-mail") is already a long-standing though obscure English transitive verb, meaning 'to put armor on oneself or another (such as a horse)'. Another common error already mentioned is
1372:) of pet and work animals, as recognized by authoritative fancier/breeder/livestock, or agricultural organizations. Likewise, botanists and horticulturalists capitalize the names of
1550:) there is no cognate equivalent, but passages that use them can usually be rewritten more clearly anyway. All these non-encyclopedic cases should not be confused with the negative
1599:-esque grammar. There are many possible examples of mixed-up, obfuscatory word order that should be avoided. One of the most common is the excessively poetic prefixing of forms of
1782:, etc.) in such a construction is almost invariably a transitive verb requiring an object (or a prepositional phrase serving as one). Rewrite to clarify: "the new feature allows
1491:
prefixing: In verbs (as in "after his divorce, the mayor went a-courting for a new love interest"), this has long been used in poetry and song, popularly at least as recently as
1506:
a tabloid, children's book or pop song, so the usage is inappropriate here. In adjectives, it should be uniformly avoided when an alternative construction exists (e.g., use
379:
of "upon" is as a replacement for awkward phrases such as many (but not all) uses of " on top of" (e.g., "she climbed upon the table" vs. "she climbed on top of the table").
2131:
in encyclopedic writing. Any good grammar and style guide (Oxford, Strunk & White, Chicago, etc.) will offer clear advice on the different uses of these similar words.
3052:
606:
All-capitals presentation of words that were originally acronyms or initialisms but which are no longer interpreted as such by the vast majority of speakers/readers. Use
1610:
find them distracting, even offensive, especially in formal writing. The typical but sometimes archaic and faulty solution is simply to move the inserted modifier to
2614:(one week) and its variously spelled contractions should not be used at all, since the term has been essentially extinct since the early 19th century. The related
1614:
the infinitive (as in "simply to move" in this sentence, instead of "to simply move"). This often results in ambiguous or even inaccurate or nonsensical passages.
1896:
in place of the traditional but obsolete usage of masculine pronouns as gender-neutral is no better from a sexism point of view, and is confusing, distracting or
2690:
2181:
2070:
of English, in a linguistic sense, but are points that a large number of educated, native speakers of English feel strongly about when it comes to good writing.
3047:
2247:, yet there isn't a compelling reason to use them either, as they can be replaced with "regardless" and various other terms easily without any loss of meaning.
1653:
2196:
are best avoided on Knowledge (XXG): While not fully obsolete (yet?), the usage is confusing to many readers who are not fully fluent. Some examples include
600:
576:
895:, which have not been fully assimilated, and are not likely to be interpreted as English by native English speakers. Food names may be in either category;
3040:
2896:. If your article reads like some 100-year-old dude/bloke down the street wrote it at the roadhouse/pub for his buds/mates, you are making a mistake. The
1917:
constructions: Some gender-neutrality attempts result in alleged words that do not appear in any major dictionary, or only as colloquial or slang (e.g., "
3092:
1818:(just as we do not write "ecommerce" or "egovernment" when discussing electronic business or online civil service). Furthermore, "email" (pronounced "eh-
3125:
2177:
2667:), unless the unusual term is especially important in the context, in which case provide at first occurrence a link to an article about the term (e.g.
2608:(twenty). Because its survival, in only a few variants of the language, is weak at best, it most helpful to readers to avoid it on Knowledge (XXG).
1416:
is exclusively taken to indicate genuine possibility ("paid conscripts rather than slaves may have built the Egyptian pyramids"), not a pure what-if.
3120:
470:, etc. Something like "being possessed of a keen business sense" is much clearer and less stilted when rewritten as "having a keen business sense".
662:
Non-standard contractions, especially those formerly used in poetry. These were most commonly used to distinguish pronunciations (such as between
569:"U.S.A." and "USA" should be avoided in general prose. Where one of these appears in a proper name, its punctuation should not be changed (e.g., "
583:
Use of slashes (strokes) in acronyms and initialisms, except in the rare cases where this usage remains overwhelmingly the most common, as with
1645:
clauses simply because they were clauses, regardless of actual reading flow. This is unhelpful for our readers. Comma usage has to be balanced
2869:
variants are far too obscure for usage on Knowledge (XXG), ENGVAR notwithstanding, and do not often appear in dictionaries; some examples are
1359:
2521:
are still broadly used in describing horses, and the latter unit still has some dialectal currency in reference to people, in some forms of
2250:
Compounds in transition: Many examples of compounds remain in transition, and different writers hyphenate or completely merge them, such as
812:
are frequently but not mandatorily spelled with diacritics, since they are perfectly intelligible without them. Avoid diacritics with most
43:
It contains the advice or opinions of one or more Knowledge (XXG) contributors. This page is not an encyclopedia article, nor is it one of
1981:
363:
345:
44:
171:
used alone: Avoid constructions like "Whatever, they relocated to Birmingham the following year". The more common, informal overusage of
1933:
and other standard-English substitutes would suffice). As another example, to the vast majority of readers there are no such terms as "
2706:: Some variants of English, mostly British, prefer ending a small number of past tense words differently. Two of the most common are
2442:
when in reference to love relationships rather than Plato's philosophical or mathematical systems. Eponymous units of measure (e.g.
1897:
2659:
Dispute resolution: In the advent of edit-warring over the matter, generally prefer plain, internationally-understood English (e.g.
2015:
1297:
Formerly common transliterations of foreign words and names which are now transliterated differently in general English usage: E.g.
2765:
Some examples that don't form other words and are less likely to be confusing, and thus should be considered within the purview of
2513:
Waning units of measurement and numeric terms: Some near-obsolete units survive, but only with limited application. For example,
2908:
versions even in British and other Commonwealth dialect articles, if any edit-warring results, just drop the matter and leave the
3062:
240:
are essentially extinct, not just obsolescent, and are not likely to appear in WP articles anyway, other than in titles (e.g.
1971:
1496:
164:
Some of the most obvious usages that today are too archaic or dialectal for encyclopedic use include but are not limited to:
3072:
3067:
1963:
2367:
3130:
3035:
566:
114:
36:
3082:
2730:
it should be avoided when the resulting word coincides with another word, as is the case with both of these examples (
1806:
should not be used here, as it is not recognized as anything but colloquial by any major dictionary (use the standard
1625:
1458:. These sound stuffy, and are rare enough that readers with less exposure to English will be less familiar with them.
1262:
Italicization of legal terms, when used in a legal context. Legal writing does not italicize (or use diacritics with)
246:) and direct quotations, where they must not be modified, of course. Note: Although they can safely be replaced with
1252:
537:
Use of periods (dots) at the end of constructions no longer interpreted as abbreviations in English: E.g., replace
3057:
1966:
that a female executive (for example) may prefer the masculine title, and thus should be referred to by it (e.g.,
1606:
Confusing "corrections" of split-infinitives: Despite split infinitives being a natural feature of English, many
2942:
2893:
2493:: Some readers have difficulty with the subjunctive and mistake it for a typographical error, which can lead to
1729:
A tortured construction to avoid ending a sentence in a preposition, like "for problems of which to be aware".
413:
with caution, such as in established holiday names or in its figurative sense ("on the eve of victory", though
2963:
2653:
1641:
articles imported into Knowledge (XXG), where they have yet to be significantly rewritten) was often between
1202:
Italicization of Latin-derived abbreviations that are very common in Modern English: Commonplace cases like
674:. These spellings should be retained if quoting sheet music, however. There are non-poetic examples such as
176:
the following year", as the context requires. "In any case" and other constructions can also be substituted.
2598:
are entirely obsolete, and should not be used outside of quotations or discussion of the units themselves.
2462:), determined on a unit-by-unit basis. Meanwhile, eponymous scales (i.e. systems) of measurement, such as
780:, since they are completely different words in English without the diacritics. A few other words such as
2802:
1542:), with the result that such a word may appear by default in a Knowledge (XXG) article based on the 1911
816:
words in particular, which already have a long-established history in English without the embellishment:
48:
2018:", it has become rampant since the 1980s. It is not encyclopedic, and has become the butt of mockery in
1741:- Most readers will not know what this means, and in most cases it is unnecessary. Use "see" instead if
1730:
428:
Use of Latin forms when these have been largely supplanted by native English suffixes: For example, use
352:
Use of awkward double pronouns for gender neutrality: Rewrite to avoid the need for such contortions as
1574:, which have formed words with completely distinct meanings from the bases to which the a- is attached.
58:
2602:
Another numeric term that was formerly common throughout English but today has almost disappeared is
2522:
1607:
1502:, but it is otherwise unused today except by writers who sometimes do this simply for "cute" effect.
639:
Use of diacritics in English words (as opposed to proper names) to disambiguate pronunciation: E.g.,
2929:
2494:
944:
138:– terms and new usage patterns not (yet?) accepted into formal writing – will not help our readers.
2558:
2360:
2158:
Use periods (stops, dots) to indicate acronyms and initialisms that are not given in all capitals:
1970:
is a former Chairman, not "Chairwoman", "Chairperson" or "Chair", of the Board of Directors of the
2932:
RfC result, which ended an eight-year dispute about capitalization of the common names of species.
2766:
2758:, is to British, Australian, etc., readers; meanwhile, speakers of all English dialects know what
2727:
2649:
2267:
1629:
have abandoned the recommendation that split infinitives always be avoided, on the principle that
1321:, except where historically/culturally significant and appropriate (i.e., do not rewrite history).
940:
562:
32:
3087:
3000:
2478:
2354:
1677:
1534:, and so on). In some cases, such a word remained current well into the early 20th century (e.g.
131:
grammar books or dictionaries, and even when writing about subjects that pertain to your region.
2945:
result, which established that Knowledge (XXG) does capitalize the names of standardized breeds.
1577:
Long-winded expressions of very simple relationships: Unless the result would be ambiguous, use
2084:
Begin a sentence with a capital letter when appropriate: We are inundated with trademarks like
692:
Use of diacritics in loanwords that have become completely assimilated into English: E.g., use
3019:
2645:
2403:
2346:
1742:
242:
2471:
1842:
1702:
Use of cutesy, obscure alternative terms in an attempt to sound more learned or clever, e.g.
2585:
2490:
2049:
1991:
1380:
capitalize both of these types of breed, since the majority of reliable sources also do so.
2476:
If the term has shifted spelling away from the original name, it is not capitalized, as in
1503:
1419:
Essentially extinct terms/spellings from Middle and Early Modern English: Examples include
724:. Especially do not do this for words that have common English-only derived forms, such as
671:
2570:
2506:
360:. While still common informally, this practice is sloppy, redundant and non-encyclopedic.
2995:
518:
Hyphenation of standard suffixes just because they would result in doubled letters: Use
3107:- chart the historical usage frequency of words (in published books) against each other
2762:
means, even if that's not how they would pronounce it in their own everyday registers.
2746:
versions are clearly understood by all English speakers, and they are less colloquial.
2604:
2019:
1364:
1278:, etc. Use outside of the legal context should follow the recommendations above (e.g.
1249:
should be replaced by more stable and accessible means of indicating a repeated source
2303:(i.e. non-standard usage by most accounts, even if consensus on that may be shifting).
3114:
2991:
2546:
2500:
2339:
2077:
2011:
1874:
879:, etc., as above) do not need to be italicized in running prose. Contrast terms like
1616:
When rewritten, split infinitives must be handled carefully, on a case-by-case basis
1019:
which are specific on the matter include many others, the most obvious of which are
847:
Italicization of loanwords that are now fully incorporated into English: Terms like
51:. Some essays represent widespread norms; others only represent minority viewpoints.
2542:
2518:
2464:
2430:
2416:
2386:
2003:
1999:
1967:
1681:
670:) for reading aloud, and are still sometimes used in sheet music for this purpose.
1795:
1787:
1783:
2610:
2574:
2562:
2550:
2534:
2514:
2454:) are not capitalized, although their standard abbreviated symbols may be (e.g.
2411:
2376:
2266:. In some cases, these are largely matters of UK versus US usage, and should be
1389:
570:
1884:
Do not use feminine pronouns as generic pronouns: While in vogue in the 1990s,
2754:
is as foreign to North Americans as the U.S. Deep South dialectal equivalent,
2554:
2538:
2424:
947:
over the issue breaks out: perhaps in Australia and New Zealand, for example,
2833:
versions are extinct are not applicable to this concern (e.g., there are no
2616:
2368:
1849:
1492:
959:
is not. Some of the more common words listed as examples of assimilated and
142:
135:
1631:
the most clearly understandable construction is the one that should be used
1368:(not types, classes, clades, subspecies, breed groups, color varieties, or
417:
and other terms are good substitutes), but not as a general substitute for
1946:
terms go ahead and use them, and cite the rules as a source in a footnote.
473:
Hyphenation of terms that are now fully compounded in Modern English: Use
3077:
2566:
2380:
in the context of subculture. By contrast, a different class of eponyms
2328:
1995:
1383:
1373:
1369:
829:
156:
Direct quotations, of course, should always retain the original wording.
2738:
is also a kind of fish, as well as a metallurgical process and product).
2497:
and the littering of article talk pages with longwinded grammar debates
2530:
2398:
2392:
2334:
2322:
1230:
in legal contexts) should not be italicized. Less common ones, such as
2801:(though both spellings of this last one should usually be avoided per
561:; as of October 2011 this remains contentious. In the interim, follow
395:: Now rarely used except in poetry. Use another construction, such as
2637:
2526:
2450:
2444:
2307:
2268:
handled just like any other such matter of English language variation
2007:
650:
449:
146:
2239:. Two exceptions so common that they do not need to be avoided are
3104:
2641:
2595:
2316:
832:
a form of diacritic, and never use them in assimilated terms like
2127:
are overly informal colloquialisms that should be replaced with
1737:
1596:
2640:). While it remains common in sporting contexts, especially in
559:
even when they would use "UK" and "AWOL" in the same paragraph
92:
18:
2698:
Past tense verbs (and past participles) optionally ending in
740:, since there is an English version). More examples include
2675:, or an explicit conversion, e.g. "fortnight (two weeks)", "
2590:
and the unit linked to the article about the unit. Example:
2817:
words are entirely obsolete Shakespearean English, such as
2115:
appears at first to be structurally redundant, the uses of
1654:
Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style (words to watch)#Euphemisms
1647:(see below for post-Internet excessive avoidance of commas)
2297:
1962:– people are not furniture). In some cases, there may be
567:
Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style#Acronyms and abbreviations
526:. Prefixes are generally a matter of variety of English (
213:
that non-fluent speakers are likely to be familiar with.
1562:, nor with some of the fully compounded cases, such as
1324:
Obsolete holiday names or spellings thereof: E.g., use
80:
73:
66:
2592:
20 ] ({{convert|280|lb|kg|sigfig=3|abbr=on}})
1873:. If the person has a non-binary gender identity, the
1546:, and should be replaced. In a handful of cases (e.g.
1386:
for more information on how to write about life forms.
3053:
Knowledge (XXG):Elements of Style improvement project
1688:, unless something more specific is warranted (e.g.,
1376:(i.e., breeds of cultivated plants). Knowledge (XXG)
2829:, and should not be used here. Words for which the
1253:
Knowledge (XXG):Citing sources § Repeated citations
943:, don't be insular, and defer to italicization if
208:is often awkward or ungrammatical. Rewrite to use
2155:here would be informal and tabloid-journalistic).
1845:for any kind of language reform. In particular:
3048:Knowledge (XXG):Naming conventions (use English)
2722:, respectively. While this uncommon pattern is
150:
3041:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style/Words to watch
760:, as well as various basic cooking terms like
2123:are actually distinct, and many instances of
2100:, as that would be a falsification of facts).
1286:have been assimilated into everyday English,
1197:The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors
302:, etc.; or a different construction, such as
8:
1941:", even if many do now acknowledge the word
579:for more detail on acronyms and initialisms.
1399:in reference to the hypothetical past: Use
262:are still commonly used in British English.
122:Why modern, accessible English is important
3093:Category:Archaic English words and phrases
2314:typically capitalized any longer, such as
2066:Neither of the above two ideas are really
655:, as are unassimilated foreign words like
1784:for more efficient processing of the data
591:("care of"). Normally, use all-caps like
448:, and many technical, medical, and legal
2525:. There are many such units, including
1195:. If in further doubt, perhaps consult
45:Knowledge (XXG)'s policies or guidelines
2953:
2921:
919:(the Mexican dish, not the cactus) and
364:Knowledge (XXG):Gender-neutral language
346:Knowledge (XXG):Gender-neutral language
2962:Louis, Tristan L. (December 4, 2011).
1360:specialist-to-specialist writing style
2654:prefers mutually-intelligible wording
2499:(see the article and talk history of
2298:Examples of undesirable new practices
1992:corporate-speak and marketing blather
1900:to the majority of readers. Rewrite,
1750:Examples of undesirable new practices
7:
3126:Knowledge (XXG) essays about editing
2691:WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers
2182:WP:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers
1676:and other poetic imagery favored by
1336:(but again, do not rewrite history).
436:; broadly recognized exceptions are
3063:Knowledge (XXG):Remember the reader
2996:"Politics and the English Language"
1790:process the data more efficiently".
1652:Melodramatic euphemisms for death:
828:. For these purposes also consider
3121:Knowledge (XXG) essays about style
2006:and scientific, medical and legal
1733:has always been a part of English.
1637:be found in the text of many 1911
649:(but see also the Knowledge (XXG)
601:WP:Manual of Style (abbreviations)
577:WP:Manual of Style (abbreviations)
153:, and need not be "dumbed down".)
49:thoroughly vetted by the community
14:
3073:Knowledge (XXG):Use our own words
3068:Knowledge (XXG):Use plain English
2964:"Interop: the future of hardware"
2384:almost always still capitalized:
2180:for more detail on acronyms, and
2016:Politics and the English Language
1852:gender-neutral "pronouns" (e.g.,
1464:in books on Google Ngram Viewer.)
672:Knowledge (XXG) is not a songbook
440:in scientific contexts, literary
385:: Obsolete except in poetry; use
141:Also, please remember that being
2636:to many is an audio term (among
2628:. All English readers know what
2178:WP:Manual of Style/Abbreviations
1843:Knowledge (XXG) is not a soapbox
1656:covers this more generally, but
629:Obsolete abbreviations, such as
96:
22:
16:Essay on editing Knowledge (XXG)
3036:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of style
2892:Dispute resolution: Basically,
2434:– unless from antiquity, thus
2234:
1446:Words that are on the way out:
736:(and avoid the French loanword
115:Knowledge (XXG) Manual of Style
37:Knowledge (XXG):Manual of Style
1972:Electronic Frontier Foundation
134:Likewise, the introduction of
1:
3058:Knowledge (XXG):NPOV tutorial
2734:is also a kind of grain, and
2638:various other, unrelated uses
2364:in the prostitution context,
2167:"Aka" and "tbd" are not words
2058:for problems to be aware of.)
1814:, which is better written as
1497:The Times They Are a-Changin'
1388:Mis-capitalization of random
444:, communications or artistic
2306:Eponyms: Capitalization of
2055:
899:need not be italicized, but
3083:Disputes in English grammar
3020:Project Gutenberg Australia
2688:
2270:. In other cases, such as
2175:
2053:
1646:
1626:The Chicago Manual of Style
1459:
1381:
1250:
923:have been assimilated, but
648:
574:
361:
343:
3147:
2849:, so of course always use
1982:WP:Gender-neutral language
1980:For more information, see
1935:unsportspersonlike conduct
228:constructions: Words like
118:Knowledge (XXG) articles.
56:
2663:) or a more common unit (
1909:Do not use novel or rare
1901:
1869:
764:. Obvious exceptions are
204:: Simple substitution of
2026:takes a core form like "
1743:making a cross-reference
1660:avoid florid terms like
1608:prescriptive grammarians
1544:Encyclopaedia Britannica
534:are both current usage).
160:Examples of the obsolete
104:This page in a nutshell:
2904:variants with standard
1921:" as a replacement for
1017:The Guardian Style-book
587:("not applicable") and
493:(sometimes stressed as
3131:Knowledge (XXG) essays
3014:Republished online in
1786:" or "the new feature
1504:Knowledge (XXG) is not
216:Other uses of archaic
2693:for more information.
2594:. Some units such as
1731:Preposition stranding
955:are assimilated, but
911:(octopus) should be;
47:, as it has not been
2523:Commonwealth English
2224:, etc.), as well as
1121:memorandum/memoranda
1015:. Older editions of
931:(spicy sausage) and
573:2010 Team U.S.A.").
151:simple.wikipedia.org
3105:Google Ngram Viewer
3016:Fifty Orwell Essays
2468:, are capitalized.
1678:tabloid journalists
1365:standardized breeds
1029:appendix/appendices
3088:History of English
2652:; Knowledge (XXG)
2374:in billiards, and
1868:, etc.). Rewrite,
1583:for the purpose of
1346:as negatives: Use
963:italicized by the
903:(freshwater eel),
2646:football (soccer)
2474:for more detail.)
2300:" section, above)
2296:(covered in the "
2111:correctly: While
2081:when appropriate.
2050:split infinitives
2032:it does something
1694:committed suicide
401:following morning
319:as an adjective,
308:oft-repeated tale
243:The Iceman Cometh
143:excessively wordy
111:
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3008:(76): 252–265).
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2586:Template:Convert
2491:subjunctive mood
2482:, formerly the "
2370:
2190:Borderline cases
2185:
2142:appropriately:
2059:
2048:Avoid unhelpful
2039:Counter-examples
1964:reliable sources
1939:sportspersonship
1902:as for masculine
1870:as for masculine
1848:Never introduce
1829:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1789:
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1682:Gothic novelists
1648:
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1330:All Hallow's Eve
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1021:addendum/addenda
965:MHRA Style Guide
941:Use common sense
678:
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595:or periods like
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489:. But note that
409:: Likewise, use
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2507:indicative mood
2503:for an example)
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2278:(more properly
2202:notwithstanding
2192:
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1826:
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1824:" rather than "
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1788:allows users to
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1001:par excellence
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927:(pork rinds),
907:(sea eel) and
889:Weltanschauung
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685:), now simply
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659:in winemaking.
653:on trademarks)
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854:
850:
846:
843:
839:
835:
834:hors-d'oeuvre
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:raison d'ĂŞtre
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
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783:
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771:
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747:
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723:
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673:
669:
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636:
632:
628:
625:
622:or worse yet
621:
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582:
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568:
564:
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521:
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514:
506:(stressed as
505:
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105:
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95:
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82:
78:
75:
74:WP:MODERNLANG
71:
68:
64:
63:
60:
55:
50:
46:
40:
38:
34:
28:
21:
20:
3015:
3009:
3005:
2999:
2986:
2978:
2972:. Retrieved
2967:
2956:
2937:
2924:
2909:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
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2850:
2846:
2842:
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2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2803:WP:EUPHEMISM
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
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2764:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2743:
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2735:
2731:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2703:
2699:
2664:
2660:
2658:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2609:
2603:
2601:
2583:
2578:
2575:pennyweights
2501:Godwin's law
2498:
2495:edit-warring
2483:
2477:
2469:
2465:Kelvin scale
2463:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2429:
2423:
2417:
2410:
2404:
2397:
2391:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2365:
2359:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2327:
2321:
2315:
2311:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2263:
2260:re-establish
2259:
2255:
2252:co-operation
2251:
2244:
2241:nevertheless
2240:
2232:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2218:additionally
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2166:
2163:
2159:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2076:
2042:
2031:
2028:What it does
2027:
2004:psychobabble
2000:technobabble
1979:
1968:Esther Dyson
1959:
1955:
1951:
1943:sportsperson
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1904:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1880:can be used.
1876:
1872:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1835:
1831:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1736:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1693:
1690:was murdered
1689:
1685:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1600:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1556:asymptomatic
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1510:in place of
1507:
1488:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1390:common nouns
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1291:
1287:
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1275:
1271:
1267:
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1246:
1242:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
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1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:aide-de-camp
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
956:
952:
948:
945:edit-warring
936:
932:
928:
925:chicharrones
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
837:
833:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
802:papier-mâché
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
686:
682:
675:
667:
663:
656:
644:
640:
634:
630:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
596:
592:
588:
584:
558:
550:
546:
542:
538:
531:
527:
523:
519:
507:
503:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
467:
463:
459:
456:Possessed of
455:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
400:
396:
392:
386:
382:
375:
371:
357:
353:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:as the noun.
320:
316:
313:Out-of-doors
312:
307:
304:common story
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
259:
255:
251:
247:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
209:
205:
201:
197:
191:
187:
183:
179:
172:
168:
163:
155:
140:
133:
129:
125:
112:
103:
30:
2726:covered by
2702:instead of
2632:means, but
2611:Seven-night
2412:Reaganomics
2264:reestablish
2256:cooperation
2245:nonetheless
2214:in addition
2149:One another
2136:one another
1898:POV-pushing
1850:neologistic
1716:storyteller
1591:in order to
1589:instead of
1581:instead of
1522:instead of
1292:prima facie
1284:post mortem
1049:connoisseur
1041:basis/bases
969:avant-garde
742:bric-a-brac
730:roleplaying
641:coöperation
571:Mosconi Cup
528:pre-eminent
198:Unbeknownst
31:This is an
3115:Categories
2974:2011-12-05
2930:WP:BIRDCON
2912:spelling.
2760:swelled up
2752:swelled up
2724:ostensibly
2486:cocktail".
2425:Young Turk
2292:task force
2288:task-force
2230:whatsoever
2226:whomsoever
2184:for units.
2174:the dots.
2153:each other
2144:Each other
2140:each other
1956:Vice-chair
1919:personkind
1808:each other
1760:permits to
1745:is useful.
1666:was felled
1658:especially
1639:Britannica
1405:might have
1401:could have
1334:Hallowe'en
1177:sotto voce
1073:ex officio
1061:desiderata
1057:cul-de-sac
1013:vice versa
1009:status quo
981:dilettante
977:denouement
849:rendezvous
624:L.A.S.E.R.
532:preeminent
468:possessing
442:appendices
296:frequently
278:frequently
266:Oftentimes
180:Whomsoever
136:neologisms
67:WP:MODLANG
2960:Example:
2813:). Some
2767:WP:ENGVAR
2728:WP:ENGVAR
2661:two weeks
2650:WP:ENGVAR
2617:fortnight
2579:regularly
2567:hogsheads
2555:of volume
2549:, drams (
2436:draconian
2431:Hitlerian
2387:Cartesian
2348:caesarian
2317:draconian
2284:taskforce
1996:buzzwords
1927:humankind
1875:singular
1804:eachother
1756:Allows to
1708:raconteur
1662:was slain
1536:appertain
1493:Bob Dylan
1483:wherefore
1429:forthwith
1374:cultivars
1370:landraces
1326:Halloween
1290:has not,
1173:sobriquet
1151:, etc.),
1129:pro forma
1117:manifesto
1077:facsimile
1037:axis/axes
993:leitmotif
967:include:
957:enchilada
921:enchilada
842:manoeuvre
830:ligatures
790:cloisonné
651:guideline
563:WP:ENGVAR
539:per cent.
524:tail-less
362:See also
344:See also
202:unbeknown
184:whosoever
59:Shortcuts
3078:Archaism
3030:See also
3011:account.
2941:See the
2928:See the
2769:include
2756:swole up
2748:Swelt up
2531:furlongs
2510:readers.
2484:Martinez
2440:platonic
2407:idealism
2405:Platonic
2377:bohemian
2341:platonic
2329:lynching
2280:Web site
2276:web site
2210:moreover
2129:although
2121:although
2113:although
2109:although
1960:Co-chair
1925:, where
1794:pounds."
1720:ballsman
1670:perished
1409:May have
1397:May have
1384:MOS:LIFE
1352:infamous
1268:estoppel
1243:Op. cit.
1236:op. cit.
1185:sub rosa
1161:ricochet
1109:literati
1105:libretti
1101:libretto
1093:innuendo
1069:en route
1065:en masse
861:teriyaki
818:financee
726:debuting
547:per cent
543:percent.
520:tailless
397:next day
321:outdoors
300:commonly
282:commonly
270:ofttimes
188:whomever
173:whatever
169:Whatever
147:pedantic
3022:, 2003.
3001:Horizon
2968:TNL.net
2847:teached
2843:creeped
2811:resided
2805:– use
2799:dwelled
2783:spilled
2775:spoiled
2720:smelled
2716:spelled
2687:lb)".
2679:stone (
2559:jiggers
2551:of mass
2547:leagues
2527:fathoms
2479:martini
2472:WP:UNIT
2399:Bushism
2393:Marxism
2369:english
2350:section
2335:decibel
2323:wattage
2308:eponyms
2282:), and
2272:website
2172:without
1937:" and "
1923:mankind
1915:-person
1911:person-
1674:expired
1601:to have
1560:asexual
1540:pertain
1520:burning
1516:on fire
1425:thither
1421:whither
1307:Beijing
1288:cy prés
1264:cy pres
1157:racquet
1141:quintet
1137:quartet
1133:proviso
1125:premise
1081:garotte
1045:bayonet
1033:apropos
953:burrito
929:chorizo
913:burrito
893:la Raza
822:matinee
806:protégé
782:attaché
746:debacle
738:naïveté
734:naivety
683:omnibus
668:learnéd
664:learn'd
645:learnèd
631:&c.
551:percent
504:on-line
419:evening
370:Use of
354:his/her
326:Use of
317:outdoor
256:amongst
234:knowest
210:unknown
206:unknown
192:whoever
35:on the
2887:killed
2863:taught
2839:feeled
2835:dealed
2827:willed
2793:, and
2791:gilded
2771:spoilt
2683:kg or
2634:treble
2630:triple
2626:triple
2622:treble
2596:cubits
2571:grains
2543:chains
2451:kelvin
2445:ampere
2438:, and
2418:Caesar
2208:) and
2206:aside
2198:albeit
2164:t.b.d.
2160:a.k.a.
2125:though
2117:though
2105:though
2094:ThreeM
2008:jargon
1931:people
1836:a.k.a.
1816:e-mail
1776:assist
1772:enable
1768:permit
1696:etc.).
1620:cannot
1612:before
1585:, use
1564:around
1548:akimbo
1532:aflame
1524:ablaze
1514:, use
1508:tilted
1481:, and
1471:hither
1456:thence
1448:Whence
1437:thrice
1348:infamy
1344:famous
1328:, not
1319:Peking
1315:Bombay
1309:, not
1303:Mumbai
1232:q.e.d.
1222:, and
1191:, and
1169:sheikh
1165:savant
1145:septet
1085:gratis
997:milieu
973:debris
937:pozole
933:posole
891:, and
877:precis
857:versus
838:foetus
826:soiree
786:cliché
770:exposé
766:résumé
758:regime
756:, and
754:detour
722:précis
718:precis
614:, and
599:, per
522:, not
502:) and
491:online
487:to-day
485:, not
477:, not
460:having
458:: Use
452:terms.
450:jargon
430:forums
393:Morrow
315:: Use
290:: Use
284:, etc.
272:: Use
260:whilst
238:cometh
186:: Use
107:idiom.
81:WP:UML
2916:Notes
2883:killt
2859:crept
2851:dealt
2823:willt
2807:lived
2795:dwelt
2779:spilt
2736:smelt
2732:spelt
2712:smelt
2708:spelt
2642:darts
2605:score
2584:(see
2563:gills
2535:cords
2519:stone
2515:hands
2505:. If
2470:(See
2420:salad
2355:waldo
2258:, or
2212:(use
2204:(use
2068:rules
2056:above
2054:(See
1952:Chair
1812:email
1764:allow
1712:story
1572:await
1568:ahold
1528:afire
1512:atilt
1479:alack
1460:(See
1441:twain
1311:amuck
1251:(see
1193:veldt
1139:(and
1113:khaki
1005:salon
989:genre
985:ennui
905:anago
901:unagi
897:sushi
873:naive
865:debut
863:(and
853:corps
798:mêlée
762:saute
750:depot
714:naĂŻve
710:naive
698:début
694:debut
681:(for
620:LASER
616:laser
612:SCUBA
608:scuba
593:NORAD
545:with
500:-line
483:today
446:media
423:night
415:verge
387:spoke
383:Spake
374:when
358:(s)he
292:often
274:often
252:while
248:among
230:canst
33:essay
2885:for
2879:kilt
2877:and
2875:held
2873:for
2871:holt
2861:and
2855:felt
2825:for
2819:wilt
2797:for
2789:for
2787:gilt
2781:for
2773:for
2750:for
2742:The
2718:and
2714:for
2710:and
2689:See
2644:and
2624:for
2553:and
2539:rods
2517:and
2489:The
2428:and
2361:john
2343:love
2286:vs.
2274:vs.
2262:and
2254:and
2243:and
2228:and
2222:also
2176:See
2138:and
2134:Use
2119:and
2107:and
2103:Use
2098:IPod
2090:iPod
2088:and
2078:whom
2075:Use
2014:in "
1958:and
1913:and
1894:hers
1892:and
1877:they
1866:herm
1862:hisr
1834:for
1821:MAIL
1780:help
1766:(or
1738:q.v.
1722:for
1714:and
1710:for
1706:and
1704:yarn
1686:died
1680:and
1597:Yoda
1570:and
1558:and
1538:for
1495:'s "
1452:nigh
1439:and
1393:etc.
1382:See
1378:does
1350:and
1342:and
1340:Fame
1317:and
1305:and
1299:amok
1282:and
1247:ibid
1245:and
1234:and
1226:(or
1212:e.g.
1208:i.e.
1204:etc.
1149:trio
1011:and
951:and
949:taco
917:taco
909:tako
881:Ă©lan
869:role
859:and
808:and
794:fĂŞte
778:pâté
776:and
774:lamé
732:and
720:not
712:not
706:rĂ´le
704:not
702:role
696:not
666:and
657:brĂĽt
635:etc.
633:for
618:vs.
610:vs.
597:i.e.
575:See
530:and
511:LINE
438:loci
434:fora
432:not
403:etc.
372:upon
306:for
288:Oft-
258:and
250:and
236:and
226:-eth
224:and
222:-est
190:and
182:and
113:The
2906:-ed
2881:or
2845:or
2831:-ed
2821:or
2809:or
2744:-ed
2704:-ed
2557:),
2382:are
2312:not
2290:or
2096:or
2030:is
1890:her
1886:she
1858:hir
1854:zie
1832:aka
1692:or
1643:any
1579:for
1554:in
1530:or
1526:or
1518:or
1475:yon
1433:ere
1414:may
1403:or
1332:or
1224:vs.
1220:ca.
961:not
814:-ee
687:bus
679:bus
589:c/o
585:n/a
549:or
541:or
508:on-
464:had
421:or
411:eve
407:Eve
356:or
340:man
336:his
332:him
218:-st
3117::
3018:,
3006:13
3004:.
2998:.
2977:.
2966:.
2910:-t
2902:-t
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