20:
104:. The exact format of the breed standard varies, as breed standards are not scientific documents and change as the needs of the members of the organization which authors them change. In general, a breed standard may include history of the breed, a narrative description of the breed, and details of the ideal externally observable structure and behavior for the breed. Certain deviations from the standard are considered
81:
108:. A large degree of deviation from the breed standard, an excess of faults, or certain defined major faults, may indicate that the animal should not be bred, although its fitness for other uses may not be impeded by the faults. An animal that closely matches (conforms to) the breed standard for its species and breed is said to have good conformation.
66:
Breed standards are devised by breed associations or breed clubs, not by individuals, and are written to reflect the use or purpose of the species and breed of the animal. Breed standards help define the ideal animal of a breed and provide goals for breeders in improving stock. In essence a breed
143:
Some species have international governing bodies that attempt to regulate the terminology and format of breed standards internationally, but, even where such international agreement exists, not all associations for that species necessarily belong to the international governing body. The
71:
documents, and may vary from association to association, and from country to country, even for the same species and breed. There is no one format for breed standards across all species, and breed standards do change and are updated over time.
886:
124:, for example, ducks and geese are divided by weight, and chicken breeds are divided by size. Chickens are also divided into egg laying, meat, and ornamental varieties. In
59:, or criteria of athletic or productive performance. It may also describe faults or deficiencies that would disqualify an animal from registration or from
248:
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ALPACA BREED TYPE AND STANDARDS, By Jude
Anderson, Maggie Krieger, and Mike Safley, The Alpaca Library from Northwest Alpacas
742:
131:
There is breed standard for dogs, cats, horses, chicken breeds, and others. The standard is used as a comparative parameter for judging animals in
869:
145:
691:
19:
794:
1023:
276:
232:
641:
821:
372:
175:
250:
806:
67:
standard is a blueprint for an animal fit for the function it was bred - i.e. herding, tracking etc. Breed standards are not
266:
658:
289:
801:
581:
117:
340:
811:
757:
725:
686:
708:
679:
844:
750:
713:
532:
457:
432:
816:
703:
648:
769:
764:
737:
720:
665:
653:
636:
314:
926:
779:
774:
495:
1028:
931:
879:
859:
789:
732:
576:
566:
554:
512:
490:
447:
901:
864:
571:
537:
527:
153:
52:
854:
618:
522:
517:
365:
170:
60:
1018:
549:
500:
485:
452:
401:
195:
24:
849:
437:
272:
228:
132:
613:
608:
588:
462:
180:
32:
936:
874:
672:
477:
254:
982:
962:
628:
559:
358:
190:
128:, breed standards allow for comparisons and the selection of the best breeds to raise.
1012:
997:
696:
603:
598:
221:
Valerie Porter, Lawrence
Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016).
156:, does not belong to the international body and uses its own breed standard format.
784:
505:
417:
247:
185:
36:
222:
941:
906:
542:
442:
200:
80:
43:
is a description of the characteristics of a hypothetical or ideal example of a
293:
992:
427:
422:
165:
345:
946:
921:
911:
896:
48:
987:
977:
972:
916:
891:
467:
385:
56:
967:
839:
350:
121:
68:
125:
396:
381:
79:
44:
18:
84:
Body and head proportions, Boxer dog breed standard illustration
354:
63:. The hypothetical ideal example may be called a "breed type".
149:
224:
315:"Breed Standards Information: Dog Breeds & Groups"
16:
Written description of what a breed should look like
955:
830:
627:
476:
410:
152:internationally, but the largest dog registry, the
271:. North Adams, Massachusetts: Storey Publishing.
366:
8:
268:Storey's Illustrated Guide to Poultry Breeds
458:Smart breeding (Marker-assisted selection)
373:
359:
351:
243:
241:
211:
217:
215:
146:Federation Cynologique Internationale
7:
227:(sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI.
887:Selection methods in plant breeding
341:Breed Standard for Highland Cattle
14:
92:qualities of the animal such as
176:American Standard of Perfection
148:regulates breed standards for
47:. The description may include
1:
118:American Poultry Association
76:Contents of a breed standard
1045:
290:"Cattle breed comparisons"
88:Breed standards cover the
1024:Animal breeding standards
845:Marker-assisted selection
433:Marker-assisted selection
392:
346:Cattle breed associations
319:www.thekennelclub.org.uk
27:dog breed standard, 1946
253:April 15, 2009, at the
927:Outbreeding depression
265:Carol Ekarius (2007).
85:
28:
932:Inbreeding depression
448:Preservation breeding
90:externally observable
83:
22:
154:American Kennel Club
120:breed standards for
619:Designer crossbreed
171:Equine conformation
453:Selective breeding
402:Lists of cultivars
196:Selective breeding
133:conformation shows
86:
29:
25:Neapolitan Mastiff
1006:
1005:
850:Natural selection
831:Selection methods
438:Mutation breeding
1036:
614:Captive breeding
609:Breeding program
589:Backyard breeder
375:
368:
361:
352:
329:
328:
326:
325:
311:
305:
304:
302:
301:
292:. Archived from
286:
280:
263:
257:
245:
236:
219:
181:Animal husbandry
57:genetic criteria
33:animal husbandry
1044:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1002:
951:
937:Recessive trait
875:selective sweep
832:
826:
629:Plant cultivars
623:
472:
406:
397:Lists of breeds
388:
379:
337:
332:
323:
321:
313:
312:
308:
299:
297:
288:
287:
283:
264:
260:
255:Wayback Machine
246:
239:
220:
213:
209:
162:
141:
114:
112:Examples of use
78:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1042:
1040:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1011:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1001:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
983:Heirloom plant
980:
975:
970:
965:
963:Breed registry
959:
957:
953:
952:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
847:
842:
836:
834:
828:
827:
825:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
798:
797:
792:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
755:
748:
740:
735:
730:
723:
718:
711:
706:
701:
700:
699:
689:
684:
677:
670:
663:
656:
651:
646:
645:
644:
633:
631:
625:
624:
622:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
594:Breed standard
591:
585:
584:
579:
574:
569:
564:
563:
562:
552:
547:
546:
545:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
509:
508:
498:
493:
488:
482:
480:
474:
473:
471:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
414:
412:
408:
407:
405:
404:
399:
393:
390:
389:
380:
378:
377:
370:
363:
355:
349:
348:
343:
336:
335:External links
333:
331:
330:
306:
281:
258:
237:
210:
208:
205:
204:
203:
198:
193:
191:Cattle judging
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
161:
158:
140:
137:
135:competitions.
113:
110:
77:
74:
41:breed standard
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1041:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1014:
999:
998:Tree breeding
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
954:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
837:
835:
829:
823:
822:Venus flytrap
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
796:
793:
791:
788:
787:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
760:
756:
754:
753:
749:
747:
745:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
728:
724:
722:
719:
717:
716:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
698:
695:
694:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
682:
678:
676:
675:
671:
669:
668:
664:
662:
661:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
643:
640:
639:
638:
635:
634:
632:
630:
626:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
604:Breeding pair
602:
600:
599:Breeding back
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
586:
583:
582:Water buffalo
580:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
561:
558:
557:
556:
553:
551:
548:
544:
541:
540:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
507:
504:
503:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
483:
481:
479:
478:Animal breeds
475:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
415:
413:
409:
403:
400:
398:
395:
394:
391:
387:
383:
376:
371:
369:
364:
362:
357:
356:
353:
347:
344:
342:
339:
338:
334:
320:
316:
310:
307:
296:on 2011-12-25
295:
291:
285:
282:
278:
277:9781580176675
274:
270:
269:
262:
259:
256:
252:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
233:9781780647944
230:
226:
225:
218:
216:
212:
206:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
163:
159:
157:
155:
151:
147:
138:
136:
134:
129:
127:
123:
119:
111:
109:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
82:
75:
73:
70:
64:
62:
58:
54:
53:morphological
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
26:
21:
1029:Animal shows
833:and genetics
807:Sweet potato
758:
751:
743:
726:
714:
680:
673:
666:
659:
593:
418:Backcrossing
322:. Retrieved
318:
309:
298:. Retrieved
294:the original
284:
267:
261:
223:
186:Animal fancy
142:
130:
115:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
87:
65:
61:reproduction
40:
37:animal fancy
30:
942:Sex linkage
907:Codominance
880:stabilizing
860:directional
746:(daffodils)
660:Callistemon
443:Outcrossing
201:Fault (dog)
102:temperament
1013:Categories
993:Rare breed
865:disruptive
802:Strawberry
533:Guinea pig
428:Inbreeding
423:Crossbreed
324:2019-12-20
300:2009-02-16
207:References
166:Breed type
139:Regulation
94:appearance
69:scientific
1019:Livestock
947:F1 hybrid
922:Heterosis
912:Epistasis
902:Dominance
897:Phenotype
855:balancing
812:Sweetcorn
795:cultivars
759:Nepenthes
744:Narcissus
727:Grevillea
687:Cherimoya
386:cultivars
988:Landrace
978:Germline
973:Eugenics
917:Dwarfing
892:Genotype
870:negative
790:breeders
709:Cucumber
681:Capsicum
674:Cannabis
642:Japanese
560:breeding
543:breeding
506:breeding
468:Purebred
251:Archived
160:See also
98:movement
55:detail,
49:physical
968:Breeder
840:Culling
752:Nemesia
715:Gazania
697:hybrids
496:Chicken
411:Methods
122:poultry
116:In the
817:Tomato
765:Olives
704:Coffee
692:Citrus
649:Banana
577:Turkey
567:Rabbit
555:Pigeon
513:Donkey
491:Cattle
463:Hybrid
382:Breeds
275:
231:
126:cattle
106:faults
100:, and
23:First
956:Other
770:Onion
738:Mango
721:Grape
667:Canna
654:Basil
637:Apple
572:Sheep
538:Horse
528:Goose
45:breed
785:Rose
780:Rice
775:Pear
523:Goat
518:Duck
384:and
273:ISBN
229:ISBN
150:dogs
39:, a
733:Hop
550:Pig
501:Dog
486:Cat
51:or
35:or
31:In
1015::
317:.
240:^
214:^
96:,
374:e
367:t
360:v
327:.
303:.
279:.
235:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
