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that appears to take place over a short space of time. Such narratives are also constructed to be as compelling as possible—rather than necessarily as a reflection of reality—and make frequent use of voice-overs, combined with emotional and intense music to maximise the audience's engagement with the
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Nature documentaries have been criticized for leaving viewers with the impression that wild animals survived and thrived after encounters with predators, even when they sustain potentially life-threatening injuries. They also cut away from particularly violent encounters, or attempt to downplay the
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There is precious little that is natural … in any film. You distort speed if you want to show things like plants growing, or look in detail at the way an animal moves. You distort light levels. You distort distribution, in the sense that you see dozens of different species in a jungle within a few
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minutes, so that the places seem to be teeming with life. You distort size by using close-up lenses. And you distort sound. What the filmmaker is trying to do is to convey a particular experience. … The viewer has to trust in the good faith of the filmmaker.
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The "naturalness" of nature documentaries has been disputed. Some, particularly those involving animals, have included footage of staged events that appear "natural" while actually contrived by filmmakers or occurring in captivity. In a famous example,
1937:
Production companies are increasingly exploiting their filmed material, by making DVDs and Blu-rays for home viewing or educational purposes, or selling library footage to advertisers, museum exhibitors, and other documentary producers.
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Wildlife and natural history films have boomed in popularity and have become one of modern society's most important sources of information about the natural world. Yet film and television critics and scholars have largely ignored them.
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content. One common technique is to follow the "story" of one particular animal, encouraging the audience to form an emotional connection with the subject and to root for their survival when they encounter a
757:(2017), indicating that such practices are still routine. Due to the difficulties of recording sounds on locations, it is common for nature documentary makers to record sounds in post-production using
995:'s contributions to conservation are widely regarded, and his television programs have been seen by millions of people throughout the world. Series narrated and/or presented by him include:
1919:) from one or several countries, a production company, and sometimes a distributor which then has the rights to sell the show into more territories than the original broadcaster.
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In recent years, most traditional style 'blue chip' programming has become prohibitively expensive and are funded by a set of co-producers, usually a broadcaster (such as
309:, became a prolific series of single films. It was eventually axed when the network introduced a controversial new schedule which many commentators have criticized as "
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form and are subsequently screened in theaters or broadcast on television. Often they are about the relationship between humans and nature. Notable examples include:
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During the late 1970s and early 1980s, several other television companies round the world set up their own specialized natural-history departments, including the
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Most nature documentaries are made for television and are usually of 45 to 50 minutes duration, but some are made as full-length cinematic presentations.
229:, began on BBC2 in 1967 with a color installment from the French filmmaker Haroun Tazieff, called "Volcano". Around 1982, the series changed its title to
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was released in three different countries: France (May 26, 1956), Japan (August 15, 1956) and the United States (September 24, 1956). See the
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Collins, Karen (April 2017). "Calls of the wild? 'Fake' sound effects and cinematic realism in BBC David
Attenborough nature documentaries".
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are also sometimes used to construct shots. Wild animals are often filmed over weeks or months, so the footage must be condensed to form a
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used 35 mm film, which posed significant logistic and technical challenges at the time. The show gained international recognition.
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occurred almost simultaneously alongside the production of similar television series which is distributed across the world.
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were herded to their deaths from a cliff by the filmmakers. Examples also occur in modern nature documentaries, such as
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their subjects or present animals purely for the viewer's pleasure. In a few instances, they are in presented in
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2390:"It's about time we recognised that nature documentary makers regularly deceive us – and we're partly to blame"
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Ecopornography and the
Commodification of Extinction: The Rhetoric of Natural History Filmmaking, 1895-Present
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Among the many notable filmmakers, scientists, and presenters who have contributed to the medium include:
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1975:(Weyerhaeuser Environmental Classics), Paperback (Second Edition), Combined Academic Publishers, 2009,
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formats and contain stories that involve humans and their relationships with the natural world, as in
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People who accuse us of putting in too much violence, what we leave on the cutting-room floor.
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Although almost all have a human presenter, the role varies widely, ranging from explanatory
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69:, but often including footage of trained and captive animals, too. Sometimes they are about
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pioneered the serial theatrical release of nature-documentaries with its production of the
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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to film prehistoric life in a similar manner to other nature documentaries. The shows (
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Shooting in the Wild: An
Insider's Account of Making Movies in the Animal Kingdom
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1202:'s documentaries, based on wildlife conservation and environmentalism, aired on
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2262:"Did Disney Fake Lemming Deaths for the Nature Documentary 'White Wilderness'?"
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in relationship to human beings. Such programmes are most frequently made for
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In addition to those listed above, the following is a sampling of the genre:
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is typically cited as the first feature-length documentary. Decades later,
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Ian McTaggart-Cowan bio shines light on pioneering TV nature program host
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Most nature documentary films or television series focus on a particular
70:
2287:"BBC telling us it staged sequences makes Hidden Kingdoms hard to watch"
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endured by the individual animal, by appealing to concepts such as the "
256:
Between 1974 and 1980, the
Spanish nature documentary television series
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Two recent examples of co-productions that were filmed by the BBC are
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221:, a studio-based BBC magazine-program with filmed inserts, hosted by
58:
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2712:"BBC follows Blue Planet II with hard-hitting nature documentaries"
177:
was shot in 1952 and first exhibited to
Italian audiences in 1954.
5010:
4143:
4121:
4114:
3914:
2778:"The Mysterious Bee" An award winning documentary about Honey Bees
297:— both still in existence, the latter having changed its name to "
225:
from 1955 to 1981. The first 50-minute weekly documentary series,
62:
29:
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Light & Shadow
Productions: German nature documentary company
146:
The first full-length nature-documentary films pioneering colour
4062:
2855:
2793:
298:
2828:
2558:"The tricks that nature documentaries use to keep you watching"
2824:
2583:"Wildlife Documentaries: What Happens to the Limping Gazelle?"
2497:"'Turtle: The Incredible Journey,' a Loggerhead Epic - Review"
1916:
1870:
624:
442:
to extensive interaction or even confrontation with animals.
2700:. Georgiaaquarium.org (2011-08-31). Retrieved on 2012-09-05.
2320:"Blue Planet 2: Attenborough defends shots filmed in studio"
2150:"BBC accused of routine 'fakery' in wildlife documentaries"
2109:"FĂ©lix RodrĂguez de la Fuente, el divulgador más mediático"
127:
nature films from 1948 to 1960. Prominent among those were
646:
In some cases, nature documentaries are produced in the
2219:. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
2217:
Ecologies of the Moving Image: Cinema, Affect, Nature
2529:"Filming Wildlife: Producers Discuss the Challenges"
1973:
Reel Nature: America's
Romance with Wildlife on Film
4982:
4900:
4493:
3739:
2865:
2388:
123:series, a collection of fourteen full length and
511:The Last Paradises: On the Track of Rare Animals
2821:, ca. 1957, Archives of Ontario YouTube Channel
2681:. Tv.com (2005-07-14). Retrieved on 2012-09-05.
2148:Malnick, Robert; Malnick, Edward (2011-12-18).
363:Sea Monsters: A Walking with Dinosaurs Trilogy
2840:
2613:"David Attenborough: 'I'm an essential evil'"
1130:David Attenborough's Conquest of the Skies 3D
643:and Greenlight Media for theatrical release.
8:
350:) had three spinoffs, two of which featured
328:, used computer-generated imagery (CGI) and
2710:editor, Graham Ruddick Media (2018-01-11).
2471:"Using graphics when making wildlife films"
1964:Bush, W. Stephen (1915) Wild Life in Films
205:. Other early nature documentaries include
2847:
2833:
2825:
1788:Supernatural: The Unseen Powers of Animals
679:(1942) 45-minute documentary made for the
243:continued to produce as of 2023. In 1961,
2020:. Cambridge University Press. p. 1.
976:List of notable nature documentary series
85:channels, but some are also made for the
2672:Information on King of the Jungle series
247:produced the first of the award-winning
2188:"How natural are nature documentaries?"
2008:
455:Among the Great Apes with Michelle Yeoh
405:). Although most take a scientific and
2745:
2735:
2691:Official show page for Ocean Mysteries
2033:
1224:The Crocodile Hunter: Collision Course
2551:
2549:
2260:Mikkelson, David (27 February 1996).
2238:
2236:
2181:
2179:
2177:
804:Notable nature documentary filmmakers
782:. In 1984, David Attenborough stated:
262:(The Man and the Earth), produced by
139:(1954), both written and directed by
7:
2213:"Writing, Seeing, and Faking Nature"
2387:Street-Porter, Janet (2018-04-06).
2243:D'Amico, Lisa Nicole (2013-07-19).
1434:The Great Rift: Africa's Wild Heart
275:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
5187:List of American independent films
2352:"FAKERY in Wildlife Documentaries"
599:The Wild Parrots of Telegraph Hill
495:Encounters at the End of the World
25:
2318:Carrington, Damian (2017-10-23).
2186:Lopatto, Elizabeth (2016-08-15).
2016:Rothman, William (January 1997).
1542:Journeys to the Ends of the Earth
1334:British Isles – A Natural History
1243:Ten Deadliest Snakes in the World
1235:The Crocodile Hunter's Croc Files
639:series have both been adapted by
583:Grass: A Nation's Battle for Life
432:Grass: A Nation's Battle for Life
5393:
5384:
5383:
2069:as mentioned at the IMDB website
1875:
1642:Ocean Mysteries with Jeff Corwin
471:Chang: A Drama of the Wilderness
213:from 1955 to 1956 and hosted by
197:In 1954, the BBC started airing
2649:"The Post-Darwinian Transition"
2401:from the original on 2022-06-18
2368:from the original on 2010-10-03
1781:Super Cats: A Nature Miniseries
34:Shooting of a wildlife film in
5420:Documentary films about nature
2611:Rustin, Susanna (2011-10-21).
2581:Norcross, Desli (2019-02-28).
2495:Dargis, Manohla (2011-06-23).
1410:Eyewitness (British TV series)
1378:Earth: The Power of the Planet
987:David Attenborough filmography
800:" and "the good of the herd".
687:The Plow That Broke the Plains
681:U.S. Department of Agriculture
575:The Story of the Weeping Camel
426:The Story of the Weeping Camel
305:'s contribution to the genre,
189:, was first released in 1956.
1:
2040:: CS1 maint: date and year (
2789:List of Nature Documentaries
2556:Lopez, German (2017-04-29).
1953:List of insect documentaries
1742:The Secret Life of Elephants
1251:The Crocodile Hunter Diaries
864:FĂ©lix RodrĂguez de la Fuente
463:Animals Are Beautiful People
268:FĂ©lix RodrĂguez de la Fuente
266:and presented by naturalist
89:. The proliferation of this
2285:Lawson, Mark (2014-01-08).
2211:Ivakhiv, Adrian J. (2013).
1992:, Sierra Club Books, 2010,
1458:Going Wild with Jeff Corwin
1275:Other notable documentaries
181:, shot in 1954 and 1955 by
5441:
5078:Classical Hollywood cinema
4267:Commedia sexy all'italiana
3175:Exploitation film template
3119:Commedia sexy all'italiana
2811:TV/Radio Programmes at BBC
1534:The Jeff Corwin Experience
1133:(2015), 3 episodes + Extra
1042:The Private Life of Plants
984:
771:computer-generated imagery
722:for nature documentaries.
320:The BBC television series
5379:
4645:German underground horror
4600:Documentary Film Movement
4508:American eccentric cinema
2653:The Animal Rights Library
2018:Documentary Film Classics
1948:List of documentary films
1884:This section needs to be
1774:The Predators of the Wild
1402:Europe: A Natural History
1210:. The series comprises:
714:Trust, of Bristol in the
148:underwater cinematography
2085:release information page
1966:The Moving Picture World
1686:Planet Earth: The Future
1370:Dark Days in Monkey City
1318:The Bear Family & Me
1254:(2001–2003), 30 episodes
1219:(1992–2004), 74 episodes
1162:Seven Worlds, One Planet
237:BBC Natural History Unit
5425:Documentary film genres
4580:Cinema of Transgression
3714:Cinema of Transgression
1783:PBS (2018) – 3 Episodes
1074:Life in the Undergrowth
559:Serengeti Shall Not Die
117:Walt Disney Productions
4800:The Prague film school
4665:Hollywood on the Tiber
1486:How the Universe Works
1478:How the Earth Was Made
981:Sir David Attenborough
819:Sir David Attenborough
789:
335:Walking with Dinosaurs
160:) and the French film
150:were the Italian film
38:
4655:Grupo Cine LiberaciĂłn
4595:Czechoslovak New Wave
4590:Commedia all'italiana
2937:Commedia all'italiana
2783:Trouble in Lemur Land
2137:set for movie release
1470:El Hombre y la Tierra
1106:Nature's Great Events
784:
591:The Vanishing Prairie
535:March of the Penguins
347:Walking with Monsters
259:El Hombre y la Tierra
136:The Vanishing Prairie
33:
5182:Guerrilla filmmaking
4845:Kitchen sink realism
4730:New French Extremity
4640:German Expressionist
4548:Kitchen sink realism
4413:Contemporary Western
4193:Environmental issues
3724:New French Extremity
3682:New French Extremity
3507:Softcore pornography
3502:Hardcore pornography
3369:New French Extremity
2457:10.1386/ts.10.1.59_1
2087:at the IMDB website.
2055:True-Life Adventures
1968:Vol 23 #10:1462-1463
1710:The Really Wild Show
1702:Talking with Animals
1634:The Nature of Things
1394:Escape to Chimp Eden
1216:The Crocodile Hunter
1122:Kingdom of Plants 3D
710:Every two years the
479:Coral Reef Adventure
448:Such films include:
373:Walking with Cavemen
121:True-Life Adventures
47:wildlife documentary
18:Wildlife documentary
4918:Children and family
4892:Yugoslav Black Wave
4765:Nuevo Cine Mexicano
4650:Nigerian Golden Age
4615:European art cinema
4518:Australian New Wave
1913:National Geographic
1758:State of the Planet
1726:Saving Planet Earth
1694:Really Wild Animals
1238:(1999), 52 episodes
1181:(2022), 5 episodes
1101:(2009), 10 episodes
1085:(2006), 11 episodes
1069:(2002), 10 episodes
1066:The Life of Mammals
1053:(1998), 10 episodes
1034:Life in the Freezer
1029:(1990), 12 episodes
1021:(1984), 12 episodes
1013:(1979), 13 episodes
909:Ian McTaggart-Cowan
854:Alastair Fothergill
655:Agafia's Taiga Life
420:Nanook of the North
357:Chased by Dinosaurs
341:Walking with Beasts
215:Ian McTaggart-Cowan
163:Le Monde du silence
158:The Sixth Continent
112:Nanook of the North
83:public broadcasting
81:, particularly for
5216:Major film studios
4810:Pure Film Movement
4790:Polish Film School
4690:Italian neorealist
4670:Hong Kong New Wave
4272:Mexican sex comedy
3329:German underground
2771:2018-09-02 at the
2748:has generic name (
2696:2014-01-29 at the
2677:2008-09-17 at the
2501:The New York Times
2133:BBC Press Office:
1867:Current production
1766:The Stationary Ark
1570:Last Chance to See
1550:King of the Jungle
1489:(2010, 2012, 2014)
1426:The Future Is Wild
1262:(2005), 6 episodes
1191:(2023), 8 episodes
1178:Prehistoric Planet
1173:(2022), 5 episodes
1165:(2019), 7 episodes
1157:(2019), 8 episodes
1149:(2017), 7 episodes
1141:(2016), 6 episodes
1125:(2012), 3 episodes
1117:(2011), 7 episodes
1093:(2008), 5 episodes
1090:Life in Cold Blood
1077:(2005), 5 episodes
1061:(2001), 8 episodes
1045:(1995), 6 episodes
1037:(1993), 6 episodes
1026:The Trials of Life
993:David Attenborough
227:The World About Us
203:David Attenborough
107:Robert J. Flaherty
43:nature documentary
39:
5407:
5406:
5346:Socialist realist
5058:Behind-the-scenes
4835:Socialist realist
4830:Spaghetti Western
4820:Romanian New Wave
4695:Japanese New Wave
4361:Sword and sorcery
4277:Nazi exploitation
3859:Mumbai underworld
3615:Planetary romance
2122:Ethnographic film
1905:
1904:
1804:Suzuki on Science
1562:Land of the Tiger
1267:Ocean's Deadliest
1204:Discovery Channel
1050:The Life of Birds
1018:The Living Planet
944:Eugen Schuhmacher
904:Greg MacGillivray
798:balance of nature
623:In addition, the
527:The Living Desert
415:ethnographic film
245:Anglia Television
232:The Natural World
130:The Living Desert
27:Documentary genre
16:(Redirected from
5432:
5397:
5387:
5386:
5366:Vulgar auteurism
5194:Interstitial art
5172:Hyperlink cinema
4887:Vulgar auteurism
4882:Toronto New Wave
4872:Telefoni Bianchi
4867:Sword-and-sandal
4685:Italian futurist
4680:Iranian New Wave
4543:British New Wave
4356:Sword-and-sandal
4237:Rape and revenge
4178:Mouth of Garbage
4024:Tentacle erotica
3972:Goona-goona epic
3952:Extraterrestrial
3839:Heroic bloodshed
3473:Occult detective
3304:Christmas horror
3156:Sword-and-sandal
2888:Hong Kong action
2883:Heroic bloodshed
2849:
2842:
2835:
2826:
2818:Outdoors Country
2754:
2753:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2707:
2701:
2688:
2682:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2589:. Archived from
2578:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2553:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
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2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2467:
2461:
2460:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2430:
2420:"Sounds Natural"
2416:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2392:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2364:. Nov 26, 2008.
2357:The Fifth Estate
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2315:
2309:
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2169:
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2145:
2139:
2130:
2124:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2111:. 13 March 2020.
2105:
2099:
2094:
2088:
2081:The Silent World
2077:
2071:
2067:Sesto Continente
2063:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2031:
2013:
1900:
1897:
1891:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1670:Orangutan Island
1610:The Most Extreme
1586:The Living Edens
1494:The Human Animal
1450:Great Migrations
1188:Planet Earth III
1170:The Green Planet
919:Neil Nightingale
869:Bernhard Grzimek
839:Jacques Cousteau
738:White Wilderness
670:In Beaver Valley
615:Winged Migration
607:White Wilderness
567:The Silent World
411:anthropomorphise
207:Fur and Feathers
183:Jacques Cousteau
179:The Silent World
175:Sesto Continente
168:The Silent World
153:Sesto Continente
51:documentary film
21:
5440:
5439:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5429:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5375:
5316:Semidocumentary
5241:Minimalist film
5231:Message picture
5226:Maximalist film
5120:Database cinema
5103:Computer screen
5063:Black-and-white
4988:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4896:
4852:Soviet parallel
4775:Parallel cinema
4770:Pan-Indian film
4700:Kammerspielfilm
4635:French New Wave
4555:Budapest school
4538:Brighton School
4513:New Objectivity
4495:
4489:
4458:Science fiction
4090:Bruceploitation
3999:Girls with guns
3945:Turksploitation
3819:Gentleman thief
3735:
3570:Science fiction
3416:Minimalist film
3411:Maximalist film
3389:Science fiction
3349:Japanese horror
3146:Social guidance
2861:
2853:
2773:Wayback Machine
2762:
2757:
2744:
2734:
2728:
2726:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2698:Wayback Machine
2689:
2685:
2679:Wayback Machine
2670:
2666:
2657:
2655:
2647:Pearce, David.
2646:
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2404:
2402:
2395:The Independent
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2194:
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2175:
2166:
2164:
2154:Daily Telegraph
2147:
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2131:
2127:
2120:
2116:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2095:
2091:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2060:
2053:
2049:
2032:
2028:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2006:
1961:
1959:Further reading
1944:
1925:Planet Earth II
1901:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1864:
1836:Wild Down Under
1662:Orangutan Diary
1310:Banded Brothers
1302:Ark on the Move
1286:Andes to Amazon
1277:
1197:
1184:
1138:Planet Earth II
1058:The Blue Planet
989:
983:
978:
973:
929:Coyote Peterson
889:Hugo van Lawick
859:Robert Flaherty
829:Gordon Buchanan
806:
748:Hidden Kingdoms
728:
630:The Blue Planet
621:
519:The Leopard Son
409:approach, some
387:
382:
326:Kenneth Branagh
223:Sir Peter Scott
195:
170:). Directed by
104:
99:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5438:
5436:
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5402:
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5380:
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5376:
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5368:
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5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5301:Reverse motion
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5251:Modernist film
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5196:
5191:
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5184:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5143:
5142:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5116:
5115:
5113:midnight movie
5105:
5100:
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5075:
5070:
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5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
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5018:
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4990:
4980:
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4959:
4958:
4957:
4952:
4942:
4941:
4940:
4935:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4915:
4910:
4904:
4902:
4901:By demographic
4898:
4897:
4895:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4840:Social realist
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4795:Poliziotteschi
4792:
4787:
4785:Poetic realist
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4740:New generation
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4715:Modernist film
4712:
4707:
4705:L.A. Rebellion
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4570:Cinéma du look
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4499:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4483:Zapata Western
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4463:Singing cowboy
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4418:Dacoit Western
4415:
4410:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4299:Shoshimin-eiga
4296:
4295:
4294:
4289:
4287:Nunsploitation
4284:
4282:Pornochanchada
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4227:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4082:
4077:
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4065:
4055:
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4049:
4048:
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4033:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3957:Food and drink
3954:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3935:Blaxploitation
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3878:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3866:
3864:Poliziotteschi
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3719:Extreme cinema
3716:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3649:
3644:
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3638:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3504:
3494:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
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3433:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3299:Chinese horror
3296:
3291:
3286:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3244:
3243:
3242:
3237:
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3222:
3221:
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3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
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3165:
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3136:
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3110:
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3087:
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2829:
2823:
2822:
2814:
2807:
2799:
2791:
2786:
2780:
2775:
2761:
2760:External links
2758:
2756:
2755:
2702:
2683:
2664:
2639:
2603:
2573:
2545:
2520:
2487:
2462:
2445:The Soundtrack
2435:
2411:
2379:
2362:CBC Television
2343:
2310:
2277:
2252:
2232:
2225:
2203:
2173:
2140:
2125:
2114:
2100:
2089:
2072:
2058:
2047:
2026:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1983:
1971:Gregg Mitman:
1969:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1943:
1940:
1931:Blue Planet II
1903:
1902:
1883:
1881:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1854:
1848:
1840:
1832:
1828:Wild Caribbean
1824:
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1800:
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1718:River Monsters
1714:
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1690:
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1678:Penguin Island
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1506:
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1474:
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1463:Disney Channel
1454:
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1430:
1422:
1418:The First Eden
1414:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1382:
1374:
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1358:
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1342:Corwin's Quest
1338:
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1259:New Breed Vets
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1231:
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1196:
1193:
1192:
1183:
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1146:Blue Planet II
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959:Mark Strickson
956:
954:Marty Stouffer
951:
949:Heinz Sielmann
946:
941:
939:Louie Psihoyos
936:
934:Jacques Perrin
931:
926:
924:Marlin Perkins
921:
916:
914:Desmond Morris
911:
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849:Gerald Durrell
846:
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810:
805:
802:
754:Blue Planet II
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401:idea (such as
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368:Robert Winston
324:, narrated by
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49:is a genre of
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5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5296:Postmodernist
5294:
5292:
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5286:Participatory
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5282:
5279:
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5274:
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5269:
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5256:Musical short
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5167:Found footage
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5073:Cinéma vérité
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4989:or production
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4805:Prussian film
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4778:
4776:
4773:
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4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4750:New Nollywood
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4745:New Hollywood
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4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4565:Cannibal boom
4563:
4561:
4560:Calligrafismo
4558:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
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4531:
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4528:Berlin School
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4509:
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4478:Weird Western
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4332:
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4310:
4309:Slice of life
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4300:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
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4262:Bavarian porn
4260:
4259:
4258:
4257:Sexploitation
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
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4230:
4226:
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4215:Partisan film
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4183:Muslim social
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4176:
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4165:
4164:Zombie comedy
4162:
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4139:Giant monster
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3968:
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3946:
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3940:Mexploitation
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3928:
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3807:
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3797:
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3794:Coming-of-age
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3709:Transgressive
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3692:Psychological
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3665:
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3642:Slice of life
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3379:Psychological
3377:
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3354:Korean horror
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3350:
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3335:
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3330:
3327:
3325:
3324:Found footage
3322:
3320:
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3310:
3307:
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3213:Magic realism
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3129:Sexploitation
3127:
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3117:
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3112:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3098:
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3080:Calligrafismo
3078:
3077:
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3073:
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3066:
3064:
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3059:
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3051:
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3033:City symphony
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2593:on 2020-08-04
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2587:Nature Ethics
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834:Richard Brock
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723:
721:
718:presents the
717:
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664:
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651:
649:
648:short subject
644:
642:
641:BBC Worldwide
638:
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193:In television
192:
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176:
173:
172:Folco Quilici
169:
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125:short subject
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109:'s 1922 film
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60:
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52:
48:
44:
37:
32:
19:
5135:Experimental
5130:Ethnofiction
4877:Third Cinema
4780:Persian Film
4523:Auteur films
4494:By movement
4351:Swashbuckler
4210:Ozploitation
4205:Outlaw biker
4187:
4085:Martial arts
4080:Magical girl
3930:Exploitation
3925:Ethnographic
3854:Mafia comedy
3497:Pornographic
3374:Psycho-biddy
3359:Lovecraftian
3193:Contemporary
3174:
3168:Exploitation
3163:Experimental
3043:Mockumentary
2912:Biographical
2816:
2810:
2802:
2794:
2727:. Retrieved
2716:The Guardian
2715:
2705:
2686:
2667:
2656:. Retrieved
2652:
2642:
2634:
2628:. Retrieved
2617:The Guardian
2616:
2606:
2595:. Retrieved
2591:the original
2586:
2576:
2565:. Retrieved
2561:
2537:. Retrieved
2535:. 2007-12-11
2532:
2523:
2512:. Retrieved
2500:
2490:
2479:. Retrieved
2477:. 2016-04-29
2474:
2465:
2451:(1): 59–77.
2448:
2444:
2438:
2427:. Retrieved
2423:
2414:
2403:. Retrieved
2394:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2355:
2346:
2335:. Retrieved
2324:The Guardian
2323:
2313:
2302:. Retrieved
2291:The Guardian
2290:
2280:
2269:. Retrieved
2265:
2255:
2245:
2216:
2206:
2195:. Retrieved
2191:
2165:. Retrieved
2153:
2143:
2135:Planet Earth
2134:
2128:
2117:
2103:
2092:
2080:
2075:
2066:
2061:
2050:
2017:
2011:
1989:
1986:Chris Palmer
1972:
1965:
1936:
1929:
1923:
1921:
1906:
1893:
1885:
1856:
1850:
1844:Wild Kingdom
1842:
1834:
1826:
1818:
1812:Weird Nature
1810:
1802:
1794:
1786:
1780:
1772:
1764:
1756:
1748:
1740:
1732:
1724:
1716:
1708:
1700:
1692:
1684:
1676:
1668:
1660:
1652:
1640:
1632:
1624:
1616:
1608:
1600:
1592:
1584:
1578:Lemur Street
1576:
1568:
1560:
1557:, 2003–2004)
1548:
1540:
1532:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1502:Human Planet
1500:
1492:
1484:
1476:
1468:
1465:, 1997–1999)
1456:
1448:
1440:
1432:
1424:
1416:
1408:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1340:
1332:
1326:Big Cat Week
1324:
1316:
1308:
1300:
1294:Animal Atlas
1292:
1284:
1278:
1265:
1257:
1249:
1241:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1214:
1198:
1186:
1176:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1082:Planet Earth
1080:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
990:
964:David Suzuki
899:Nigel Marven
894:Jasper James
824:Harry Butler
807:
790:
785:
763:sound effect
752:
746:
736:
729:
720:Panda Awards
709:
701:
693:
685:
676:
668:
662:Grand Canyon
660:
654:
645:
636:Planet Earth
634:
628:
622:
613:
605:
597:
589:
581:
573:
565:
557:
549:
541:
533:
525:
517:
509:
501:
493:
485:
477:
469:
461:
453:
447:
444:
437:
430:
429:(2003), and
424:
418:
388:
371:
362:
355:
352:Nigel Marven
345:
339:
333:
330:animatronics
322:Walking With
321:
319:
315:
311:dumbing down
306:
272:
257:
255:
248:
235:, which the
230:
226:
218:
206:
201:, featuring
196:
178:
174:
167:
161:
157:
151:
145:
134:
128:
110:
105:
46:
42:
40:
5361:Video nasty
5356:Underground
5341:Slow cinema
5311:Sceneggiata
5199:Live action
5177:Independent
5157:Film Ă clef
5125:Docufiction
5093:Compilation
5068:Blockbuster
5036:Traditional
5031:Stop-motion
4967:Chick flick
4825:Slow cinema
4815:Remodernist
4630:Free Cinema
4610:Erra Cinema
4575:Cinema Novo
4453:Revisionist
3962:Gendai-geki
3898:Psychedelic
3886:Apocalyptic
3752:Beach party
3647:Slow cinema
3620:Space opera
3585:Fantastique
3456:Sceneggiata
3446:Musicarello
3319:Fantastique
3198:Fantastique
3141:Educational
3068:Video essay
3023:Documentary
2746:|last=
1928:(2016) and
1858:Yellowstone
1851:Wild Russia
1847:(1963–1988)
1820:Wild Africa
1777:(1992–1996)
1737:(2012–2018)
1713:(1986–2006)
1629:(1983–2020)
1581:(2007–2008)
1537:(2001–2003)
1526:Inside Life
1513:(2005–2010)
1510:In the Womb
1473:(1974–1981)
1413:(1994-1997)
1386:Earthflight
1200:Steve Irwin
1195:Steve Irwin
1005:(1954–1964)
884:Steve Irwin
879:Judy Irving
844:Jeff Corwin
814:James Algar
767:Compositing
765:libraries.
761:and to use
751:(2014) and
733:Walt Disney
703:Seal Island
543:Microcosmos
503:Grizzly Man
440:voice-overs
407:educational
295:New Zealand
289:'s unit in
187:Louis Malle
141:James Algar
133:(1953) and
5414:Categories
5281:Paracinema
5266:Neorealist
5261:Mythopoeia
5246:Mockbuster
5211:Low-budget
5152:Featurette
4985:technique,
4983:By format,
4862:Surrealist
4857:Structural
4735:New German
4725:Neorealist
4720:Mumblecore
4660:Heimatfilm
4620:Film d'art
4585:Cinéma pur
4319:South Seas
4292:Sex report
3558:Paranormal
3521:Propaganda
3421:Mumblecore
3208:Historical
3090:Historical
2979:Remarriage
2969:Mo lei tau
2729:2019-10-14
2658:2019-10-09
2630:2020-04-19
2597:2019-10-09
2567:2019-10-09
2539:2019-10-09
2514:2019-10-23
2481:2019-10-23
2429:2019-10-09
2405:2019-10-09
2337:2019-10-09
2304:2019-10-09
2271:2019-10-14
2266:Snopes.com
2197:2019-10-09
2167:2019-10-09
2004:References
1998:1578051487
1734:Sea Rescue
1649:, 2011–14)
1594:Madagascar
1154:Our Planet
985:See also:
874:Tim Haines
712:Wildscreen
551:Sharkwater
399:scientific
370:presented
79:television
75:ecosystems
5271:No-budget
5236:Meta-film
5204:animation
5162:Film-poem
5098:Composite
5043:Anthology
5006:Animation
5001:Actuality
4987:approach,
4755:New Queer
4675:Indiewood
4625:Film gris
4496:or period
4473:Spaghetti
4396:Submarine
4376:Vigilante
4341:Superhero
4095:Chopsocky
4041:Jidaigeki
3910:Dystopian
3809:Detective
3767:Buddy cop
3757:Body swap
3687:Political
3667:Financial
3630:Tokusatsu
3625:Steampunk
3541:Bromantic
3513:Malayalam
3492:Crossover
3468:Detective
3436:Backstage
3384:Religious
3240:Tech noir
3235:Pulp noir
3225:Film noir
3100:Melodrama
3038:Docudrama
3011:Cyberpunk
3004:Slapstick
2994:Screwball
2954:Gross out
2917:Christian
2895:Adventure
2738:cite news
2724:0261-3077
2625:0261-3077
2509:0362-4331
2372:April 18,
2332:0261-3077
2299:0261-3077
2249:(Thesis).
2192:The Verge
2162:0307-1235
2036:cite book
1896:June 2020
1697:(1993–98)
1002:Zoo Quest
794:suffering
775:narrative
726:Criticism
695:The River
403:evolution
395:ecosystem
283:Australia
279:Melbourne
209:shown on
199:Zoo Quest
102:In cinema
5389:Category
5276:One-shot
5140:Abstract
5026:Computer
4710:Lettrist
4605:Dogme 95
4533:Bourekas
4503:Absolute
4443:Northern
4438:Meat pie
4391:Euro War
4386:Anti-war
4252:Rumberas
4173:Mountain
4075:Luchador
4031:Homeland
4019:Shotacon
3992:Suburban
3920:Economic
3881:Disaster
3814:Gangster
3789:Colonial
3779:Cannibal
3740:By theme
3697:Romantic
3652:Thriller
3610:New Wave
3605:Military
3563:Thriller
3531:Romantic
3478:Whodunit
3451:Operetta
3431:Arthouse
3399:Splatter
3294:Cannibal
3284:Arthouse
3267:Suburban
3257:Southern
3230:Neo-noir
3134:Thriller
3028:Animated
3016:Japanese
2984:Romantic
2974:Thriller
2900:Survival
2878:Arthouse
2866:By style
2769:Archived
2694:Archived
2675:Archived
2399:Archived
2366:Archived
2079:In 1956
1942:See also
1934:(2017).
1796:Survival
1518:Insectia
780:predator
743:lemmings
741:(1958),
677:The Land
487:The Cove
435:(1925).
423:(1922),
385:Overview
307:Survival
253:series.
250:Survival
71:wildlife
5371:Z movie
5147:Feature
5083:Collage
5053:B movie
5021:Cartoon
4760:No wave
4428:Florida
4423:Fantasy
4403:Western
4346:Surfing
4334:Eurospy
4304:Slavery
4154:Vampire
4134:Monster
4105:Kung fu
4046:Samurai
4014:Lolicon
3982:Romance
3829:Gong'an
3799:Concert
3784:Chicano
3747:Animals
3635:Western
3590:Fantasy
3548:Fantasy
3526:Reality
3463:Mystery
3441:Jukebox
3426:Musical
3404:Satanic
3394:Slasher
3364:Natural
3344:Holiday
3252:Romance
3218:Science
3183:Fantasy
3085:Dramedy
2949:Dramedy
1886:updated
1637:(1960–)
1621:(1982–)
1362:Cousins
1297:(2004–)
1229:, Movie
391:species
380:Content
291:Dunedin
241:Bristol
217:., and
97:History
67:habitat
59:animals
36:Namibia
5399:Portal
5336:Silent
5326:Shinpa
5321:Serial
5306:Satire
5291:Poetry
5221:Masala
4950:ShĹŤnen
4933:Seinen
4448:Ostern
4433:Horror
4366:Travel
4324:Sports
4247:Rubble
4220:Prison
4188:Nature
4159:Zombie
4100:Gun fu
4036:Isekai
4009:Hentai
3977:Gothic
3903:Stoner
3869:Yakuza
3824:GokudĹŤ
3772:Female
3702:Techno
3672:Giallo
3662:Erotic
3657:Comedy
3600:Horror
3595:Gothic
3580:Comedy
3553:Gothic
3536:Comedy
3485:Giallo
3339:Giallo
3309:Comedy
3279:Horror
3247:Gothic
3188:Comedy
3114:Erotic
3105:Korean
3063:Travel
3053:Pseudo
2999:Silent
2964:Parody
2959:Horror
2927:Action
2922:Comedy
2873:Action
2859:genres
2805:at PBS
2803:Nature
2797:at BBC
2795:Nature
2722:
2623:
2507:
2330:
2297:
2223:
2160:
2024:
1996:
1979:
1861:(2009)
1853:(2009)
1839:(2003)
1831:(2007)
1823:(2001)
1815:(2001)
1807:(1971)
1799:(1961)
1791:(2008)
1769:(1975)
1761:(2000)
1753:(2009)
1745:(2009)
1729:(2007)
1721:(2009)
1705:(2002)
1689:(2006)
1681:(2010)
1673:(2007)
1665:(2009)
1657:(2008)
1654:Oceans
1618:Nature
1613:(2002)
1605:(2005)
1597:(2011)
1589:(1997)
1573:(2009)
1565:(1997)
1545:(1998)
1529:(2009)
1521:(1999)
1505:(2011)
1497:(1994)
1481:(2009)
1453:(2010)
1445:(2007)
1442:Ganges
1437:(2010)
1429:(2002)
1421:(1987)
1405:(2005)
1397:(2008)
1389:(2011)
1381:(2007)
1373:(2009)
1365:(2000)
1357:(2001)
1337:(2004)
1329:(2013)
1321:(2011)
1313:(2010)
1305:(1982)
1289:(2000)
1270:(2006)
1246:(2001)
1227:(2002)
1206:, and
1109:(2009)
706:(1948)
698:(1938)
690:(1936)
673:(1950)
665:(1958)
657:(2013)
618:(2001)
610:(1958)
602:(2003)
594:(1954)
586:(1925)
578:(2003)
570:(1956)
562:(1959)
554:(2006)
546:(1996)
538:(2005)
530:(1953)
522:(1996)
514:(1967)
506:(2005)
498:(2007)
490:(2009)
482:(2003)
473:(1927)
466:(1974)
458:(2009)
344:, and
87:cinema
63:plants
57:about
55:series
5351:Sound
5331:Short
5088:Color
5011:Anime
4972:Josei
4962:Women
4955:ShĹŤjo
4923:Anime
4913:Black
4908:Adult
4468:Space
4371:Trial
4314:Snuff
4225:Women
4200:Opera
4149:Mummy
4144:Kaiju
4127:Anime
4122:Mecha
4115:Wuxia
4110:Ninja
4058:LGBTQ
4053:KaitĹŤ
4004:Harem
3987:Space
3967:Ghost
3915:Ecchi
3876:Dance
3849:Mafia
3834:Heist
3804:Crime
3762:Buddy
3731:Trick
3677:Legal
3334:Ghost
3272:Urban
3262:Space
3095:Legal
3075:Drama
3048:Mondo
2932:Black
1915:, or
1354:Congo
1349:2005.
759:Foley
397:, or
91:genre
5108:Cult
4945:Teen
4938:Stag
4929:Men
4408:Acid
4242:Road
4232:Race
4068:Yuri
4063:Yaoi
3893:Drug
3844:Hood
3289:Body
3203:High
3173:see
3151:Epic
3124:Pink
3058:Semi
2942:Sexy
2856:Film
2750:help
2720:ISSN
2621:ISSN
2505:ISSN
2374:2012
2328:ISSN
2295:ISSN
2221:ISBN
2158:ISSN
2042:link
2022:ISBN
1994:ISBN
1977:ISBN
1098:Life
991:Sir
769:and
633:and
360:and
299:NHNZ
287:TVNZ
285:and
219:Look
185:and
5048:Art
5016:Art
4381:War
4329:Spy
3575:Art
3314:Eco
2989:Sex
2907:Art
2562:Vox
2533:PBS
2475:BBC
2453:doi
1917:NHK
1647:ABC
735:'s
627:'s
625:BBC
313:".
303:ITV
301:".
277:in
264:TVE
239:in
211:CBC
73:or
53:or
45:or
5416::
4996:3D
2742::
2740:}}
2736:{{
2718:.
2714:.
2651:.
2633:.
2619:.
2615:.
2585:.
2560:.
2548:^
2531:.
2503:.
2499:.
2473:.
2449:10
2447:.
2422:.
2397:.
2393:.
2360:.
2354:.
2326:.
2322:.
2293:.
2289:.
2264:.
2235:^
2215:.
2190:.
2176:^
2156:.
2152:.
2038:}}
2034:{{
1988::
1911:,
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716:UK
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354::
338:,
293:,
281:,
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2752:)
2732:.
2661:.
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2570:.
2542:.
2517:.
2484:.
2459:.
2455::
2432:.
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2340:.
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2229:.
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