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motor, while the other is on an idle pivot. The pantograph mechanism, while being more complex, allows the blade to cover more of the windscreen on each wipe. However, it also usually requires the wiper to be "parked" in the middle of the windscreen, where it may partially obstruct the driver's view when not in use. A few models of automobile sometimes employ a pantograph arm on the driver's side and a normal arm for the passenger. The
Triumph Stag, Lexus and several US makes employ this method to cover more glass area where the windscreen is quite wide but also very shallow. The reduced height of the windscreen would need the use of short wiper arms which would not have the reach to the edge of the windscreen.
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Trico later settled a patent dispute with
Folberth and purchased Folberth's Cleveland company, the Folberth Auto Specialty Co. The new vacuum-powered system quickly became standard equipment on automobiles, and the vacuum principle was in use until about 1960. In the late 1950s, a feature common on modern vehicles first appeared, operating the wipers automatically for two or three passes when the windscreen washer button was pressed, making it unnecessary to manually turn the wipers on as well. Today, an electronic timer is used, but originally a small vacuum cylinder mechanically linked to a switch provided the delay as the vacuum leaked off.
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1637:). When wipers are switched off in standard non-hidden designs, a "parking" mechanism or circuit moves the wipers to the lower extreme of the wiped area near the bottom of the windscreen, but still in sight. For designs that hide the wipers, the windscreen extends below the rear edge of the bonnet. The wipers park themselves below the wiping range at the bottom of the windscreen, but out of sight. Late model vehicles that hide wiper blades under the windscreen need to be placed in a service position in order to lift the wiper blade from the windscreen using the wiper service position.
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should have a clear view of the path or track." Similar to current automotive wiper designs, his invention involves "usually two of these wipers, and they can be secured to the frame below the front board of the vehicle or behind the housing surrounding the window in position to be out of sight and in such manner that one will scrape off the heaviest part of the substance collected upon the glass." His patent illustration shows a circular window, although the patent notes "it is not essential that the glass be circular in form."
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uniformly against both curved and flat glass, adaptable to almost any windscreen curvature. As curved windshields became more popular and widespread, following the debut of the 1947 Studebaker
Starlight Coupe, these soon became standard equipment. While they have been superseded by "beam-type" wipers with bodies made of flexible material, this type still remains the most popular.
45:
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188:
730:, the windscreen wipers were powered by a purely mechanical system, a cable connected to the transmission; to reduce cost, this cable also powered the speedometer. The wipers' speed was therefore variable with car speed. When the car was stationary, the wipers were not powered, but a handle under the speedometer allowed the driver to power them by hand.
869:, in which a single arm extends outward to reach the top corners of the windscreen, and pulls in at the ends and middle of the stroke, sweeping out a somewhat M-shaped path. This way, a single blade is able to cover more of the windscreen, displacing any residual streaks away from the centre of the windscreen.
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Headlamp wipers have all but disappeared today with most modern designs relying solely on pressurized fluid spray to clean the headlights. This reduces manufacturing cost, minimizes aerodynamic drag, and complies with EU regulations limiting headlamp wiper use to glass-lensed units only (the majority
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American cars, had a pantograph wiper on the driver's side, with a conventional pivot on the passenger side. Asymmetric wiper arrangements are usually configured to clear more windscreen area on the driver's side, and so are mostly mirrored for left and right-hand-drive vehicles (for example, Fig. 1
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Since 2012, nozzles are replaced on some cars (Tesla, Volvo XC60 2018-2021, Citroen C4 Cactus) by a system called AquaBlade, developed by the company Valeo. This system supplies the washing liquid directly from the spoiler element of the wiper blade. This system suppresses visual disturbances during
522:
Inventor
William M. Folberth and his brother, Fred, applied for a patent for an automatic windscreen wiper apparatus in 1919, which was granted in 1921. It was the first automatic mechanism to be developed by an American, but the original invention is attributed by others to Hawaiian, Ormand Wall.
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employ wipers configured to move in opposite directions (Fig. 2), which is mechanically more complex but can avoid leaving a large unwiped corner of the windscreen in front of the front-seat passenger. A cost benefit to the auto-maker occurs when wipers configured to move in opposite directions do
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Irish born inventor James Henry Apjohn (1845ā1914) patented an "Apparatus for
Cleaning Carriage, Motor Car and other Windows" which was stated to use either brushes or wipers and could be either motor driven or hand driven. The brushes or wipers were intended to clean either both up and down or in
438:
of
Hartford Connecticut, which was filed on August 6, 1896. His invention was for "windows of slow-moving craft; but it is more particularly adapted and intended for windows of rapidly-moving vehicles, such as high-speed locomotives and cars, with which it is necessary that the observer or driver
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Another wiper design (Fig. 6) is pantograph-based, used on many commercial vehicles, especially buses with large windscreens. Pantograph wipers feature two arms for each blade, with the blade assembly itself supported on a horizontal bar connecting the two arms. One of the arms is attached to the
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is chemically similar to windscreen wiper fluid, it should not be used because it can damage paint. The earliest documented idea for having a windscreen wiper unit hooked up to a windscreen washer fluid reservoir was in 1931, Richland Auto Parts Co, Mansfield, Ohio. Uruguayan racecar driver and
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Most early wipers used a rubber blade attached to a flat metal base. But as aerodynamic and styling concerns introduced curved windshields, these proved insufficient. In 1945, John W. Anderson, founder of Trico rival Anco, filed a patent for a wiper with branched arms to keep the blade pressed
480:
is popularly credited with devising the first operational windscreen wiper in 1903. In
Anderson's patent, she called her invention a "window cleaning device" for electric cars and other vehicles. Operated via a lever from inside a vehicle, her version of windscreen wipers closely resembles the
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wipers across their product range. These operated on a horizontal reciprocating mechanism, with a single motor. They were later superseded by a radial spindle action wiper mechanism, with individual motors on each headlamp. In 1972, headlamp cleaning systems became mandatory in Sweden.
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The rain-sensing wipers system currently employed by most car manufacturers today was originally invented and patented in 1978 by
Australian, Raymond J. Noack, see U.S. Patents 4,355,271 and 5,796,106. The original system automatically operated the wipers, lights and windscreen washers.
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393:. This system helps remove dirt or dust from the windscreen when used in concert with the wiper blades. When antifreeze washer fluid is used, it can help the wipers remove snow or ice. For these types of winter conditions, some vehicles have additional
1525:, and other vehicles with more vertically-oriented rear windows that tend to accumulate dust. First offered in the 1940s, they achieved widespread popularity in the 1970s after their introduction on the Porsche 911 in 1966 and the Volvo 145 in 1969.
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wipers, powered by tapping a small amount of pressurized air from the brake system to a small air operated motor mounted on or just above the windscreen. These wipers are activated by opening a valve which allows pressurized air to enter the motor.
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In the 1960s, as interest in auto safety grew, engineers began researching various headlamp cleaning systems. In late 1968, Chevrolet introduced high pressure fluid headlamp washers on a variety of their 1969 models. In 1970,
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windscreen wiper found on many early car models. Anderson had a model of her design manufactured, then filed a patent (US 743,801) on June 18, 1903 that was issued to her by the US Patent Office on
November 10, 1903.
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507:(1886-1968) formed the Tri-Continental Corporation in 1917. This company introduced the first windscreen wiper, Rain Rubber, for the slotted, two-piece windscreens found on many of the automobiles of the time. Today
798:
Lever mechanism of a windscreen wiper. The motor in the middle converts the circular rotation to an intermittent rotation. The lever arms have different lengths, so the stop position at the reverse point is
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Most wipers are of the pivot (or radial) type: they are attached to a single arm, which in turn is attached to the motor. These are commonly found on many cars, trucks, trains, boats, airplanes, etc.
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909:, where the wipers always sweep towards the left. On right-hand-drive models, a linkage allows the right-hand wiper to move outwards towards the corner of the windscreen and clear more area.
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position, and is almost non-existent under wide-open throttle, when the wipers would slow down or even stop. That problem was overcome somewhat by using a combined fuel/vacuum booster pump.
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only once every few seconds. In 1963, Kearns built his first intermittent wiper system using off-the-shelf electronic components. The interval between wipes was determined by the
453:, who also claimed to have been the first to patent windscreen wipers in England. At least three inventors patented windscreen cleaning devices at around the same time in 1903;
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automobile, windscreen wipers were synchronized with events seen through the car windows, and with the song "Jung at Heart", which was commissioned for the advertising agency
361:, or any other impediments to visibility from its surface. The speed is usually adjustable on vehicles made after 1969, with several continuous rates and often one or more
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which uses compressed air from the turbine engine to remove water, rather than mechanical wipers, to save weight and drag. Effectiveness of this method also depends on
457:, Robert Douglass, and John Apjohn. In April 1911, a patent for windscreen wipers was registered by Sloan & Lloyd Barnes, patent agents of Liverpool, England, for
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timer to a long delay for the next wipe. If the motor drew little current, it indicated that the glass was still wet, and would set the timer to minimize the delay.
1649:. The sensor automatically adjusts the speed and frequency of the blades according to the amount of rain detected. These controls usually have a manual override.
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1691:, avoids the use of rubber wiper blades. A round portion of the windscreen has two layers, the outer one of which is spun at high speed to shed water.
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Many jurisdictions have legal requirements that vehicles be equipped with windscreen wipers. Windscreen wipers may be a required safety item in auto
602:, the capacitor would be discharged, activating one cycle of the wiper motor, and then repeating the process. Kearns showed his wiper design to the
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762:) or a combination of both, as natural rubber performs better in cold weather but EPDM rubber doesn't "set" and resists better to thermal aging,
519:, Belgium, which produces 350,000 wiper blades every day. The first automatic electric wiper arms were patented in 1917 by Charlotte Bridgwood.
646:. When the intermittent function was selected, the wiper would make one sweep. If the windscreen was relatively dry, the wiper motor drew high
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Some vehicles are now available with automatic or driver-programmable windscreen wipers that detect the presence and amount of rain using a
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of intermittent wipers (non-continuous, now including variable-rate wipers) might have been
Raymond Anderson, who, in 1923, proposed an
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Some vehicles are fitted with wipers (with or without washers) on the back window as well. Rear-window wipers are typically found on
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A simple single-blade setup with a center pivot (Fig. 4) is commonly used on rear windscreens, as well as on the front of some cars.
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can melt ice or help to keep snow and ice from building up on the windscreen. Less frequently, miniature wipers are installed on
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system is also used to improve and expand the function of the wiper(s) to dry or icy conditions. This system sprays water, or an
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Works similar to Fig. 8 but not a split screen windscreen and rest state is at the bottom of the windscreen facing outwards.
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582:, Michigan. (United States Patent 3,351,836 ā 1964 filing date). Kearns's design was intended to mimic the function of the
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In warmer climates, water may also work, but it can freeze in colder climates, damaging the pump. Although automobile
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Some cars, mostly from the 1960s and 1970s, had variable-speed, hydraulically-driven wipers, most notably the '61ā'69
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drive on a railroad locomotive windscreen wiper. The lever on the motor operates a valve to supply pressurized air.
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Rain-sensing windscreen wipers appeared on various models in the late 20th century, one of the first being the
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just one direction on a vertical window. Apjohn's invention had a priority date in the UK of 9 October 1903.
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rejected Kearns' proposal at the time, but later offered a similar design as an option on the company's
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is also used for some vehicles. The blade is swung back and forth over the glass, pushing water, other
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2234:"The Evolution of Wind Shield Wipers - A Patent History - IPWatchdog.com | Patents & Patent Law"
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2644:"Sound & Vision: Music: The Latest Drive-Time Hit from VW Follows in a Winning Indie Tradition"
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723:. These were powered by the same hydraulic pump also used for the power steering mechanism.
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Wipers may be powered by a variety of means, although most in use today are powered by an
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299:) is a device used to remove rain, snow, ice, washer fluid, water, or other debris from a
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Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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Patent illustration of 'window cleaner' by GEORGE J. CAPEWELL, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT
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Works similar to Fig. 2 but one wiper has its resting position up and the other down.
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A V3A tram using a wiper geometry like Fig. 6, but uses a single wiper instead of two
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Modern windscreen wipers usually move in parallel (Fig. 1, below). However, various
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Illustration showing the construction of multi-branched windshield wiper blade holder
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1151:(a 1968 US-only ruling required a certain percentage of the windscreen to be wiped)
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338:āare equipped with one or more such wipers, which are usually a legal requirement.
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Fig. 2: Widely used alternative configuration suiting either LHD or RHD operation
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designs. (US Patent 2,987,747). Then, in 1961, John Amos, an engineer for the UK
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2503:
Windshield Freed Of Snow With Alcohol Wiper", February 1931, Popular Mechanics
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1052:; eccentric design used for passenger wiper on most late-model Mercedes-Benzes
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driving and so reduces the reaction time of the driver in case of incident.
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Other early designs for the windscreen wiper are credited to Polish concert
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Works as would Fig. 1 or Fig. 10, but the wipers are arranged upside down.
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This 1974 Mercedes-Benz 220D uses oppositely-pivoted wiper blades. (Fig. 2)
511:
Products is one of the world's largest manufacturers of windscreen wipers.
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Fig. 1: Most common geometry, found on vast majority of vehicles, mainly
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1656:. As of early 2006, rain-sensing wipers are optional or standard on all
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from the arm is distributed evenly with a series of linkages known as a
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1590:) from a tank to the windscreen. The fluid is dispensed through small
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2434:, Gotzen, Nicolaas, "Epdm Wiper Rubber", issued 2015-02-19
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vs. Fig 10). One exception is found on the second generations of the
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Most windscreen wipers operate together with a windscreen washer; a
434:
One of the earliest recorded patents for the windscreen wiper is by
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614:, beginning with the 1969 models. Kearns sued Ford in a multi-year
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and composed by Peter du Charme under the name "Master Cylinder".
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Works as would Fig. 1, but uses a large, single pantograph wiper.
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704:. This had the drawback that manifold vacuum varies depending on
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1598:. Conventional nozzles are usually used, but some designs use a
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Works as would Fig. 6, but the wipers are arranged upside down.
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2551:"AAA Digest of Motor Laws: Headlight Use: United States Canada"
2747:
2340:"Automotive Mileposts, 1969-1971 Lincoln Continental Mark III"
1848:
1718:. Some US states have a "wipers on, lights on" rule for cars.
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design. (US Patent 1,588,399). In 1958, Oishei et al. filed a
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Some larger cars in the late '70s and early '80s, especially
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pioneered a system (Fig. 5) called the "Monoblade", based on
244:
Windscreen wiper on a parked car. In this common design, the
1664:, and are available on many other mainstream manufacturers.
566:
In 1963, another form of intermittent wiper was invented by
2156:. United States Patent and Trademark Office. Archived from
369:-type arms, while many commercial vehicles use one or more
365:
settings. Most personal automobiles use two synchronized
2454:"The science and ingenuity behind the humble wiper blade"
2414:"Tech 101: What you need to know about windshield wipers"
2061:
A Century of Recorded Music: Listening to Musical History
1222:
Fig. 10: Like Fig. 1 but mirror-reversed, mainly seen on
677:
through a series of mechanical components, typically two
834:
Triple windshield wipers (Fig.7) used on a DAF XF truck
790:, using a simple radial design with no visible linkages
766:, ozone and tearing. Some manufacturers coat them with
1024:
Fig. 5: Complex- or eccentric-arc system, used on the
559:, filed the first patent application in the UK for a
27:"Windshield wiper" redirects here. For the film, see
2262:"Automatic Windshield Wipers - Ohio History Central"
1687:
A common alternative design used on ships, called a
1683:
provides a window of visibility, even in rough seas.
977:
Fig. 4: Simple-arc single-blade system, used on the
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and proposed that they manufacture the design. Ford
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has the world's biggest windscreen wiper factory in
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Citroƫn C8/Fiat Ulysse II/Lancia Phedra/Peugeot 807
618:that Kearns eventually won in court, inspiring the
341:A wiper generally consists of a metal arm; one end
279:
A train windscreen wiper in operation (MRT Jakarta)
110:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2361:"Automotive Mileposts, 1955-1979 Ford Thunderbird"
1299:Works similar to Fig. 6, but uses only one wiper.
1289:Works similar to Fig. 9, but uses a single wiper.
807:Simple parallelogram linkages on a boat windscreen
642:-sensitive intermittent windscreen wipers on its
488:A "locomotive-cab-window cleaner" on 12 March 1903
389:, at the windscreen using several well-positioned
1617:developed a windscreen washer in the late 1930s.
850:not need to be repositioned for cars exported to
543:describing not only electro-mechanical, but also
1167:, utility vehicles and military vehicles, (e.g.
688:Vehicles with air-operated brakes sometimes use
2540:ATZ, Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift, June 2015
2478:"The Rear Wiper: A Vital Strand of Porsche DNA"
823:Pantograph windscreen wipers (Fig. 6) used on
634:In March 1970, French automotive manufacturer
496:Apjohn's 1903 window cleaning apparatus design
2721:
2314:"The Cars of James Bond: Lincoln Continental"
1163:Fig. 8: Obsolete design, found on some older
8:
782:Windscreen wiper arms and blades on a 1954
73:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3187:
2761:
2728:
2714:
2706:
2400:"Windshield wiper blade linkage assembly"
2238:IPWatchdog.com | Patents & Patent Law
2131:. Encyclopedia of Alabama. Archived from
228:Learn how and when to remove this message
170:Learn how and when to remove this message
2287:"Accomplished, Frustrated Inventor Dies"
2117:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
1605:to disperse the fluid more effectively.
1064:Fig. 6: Pantograph system, used on some
2618:"VW Unveils 'Da Da Da'-Like Jetta Spot"
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1175:; same design on single windscreen for
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631:article that covered the legal battle.
262:A common windscreen wiper arm and blade
199:about specific designs of wiper blades.
1547:of lenses today are made of plastic.)
719:(but not all '70 models), and '63ā'71
2642:Kattleman, Terry (February 1, 2003).
2581:"New state law: Wipers on, lights on"
2531:- La Voz del Interior, 1 January 2001
2448:
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2063:. Yale University Press. p. 11.
592:rate of current flow into a capacitor
472:Anderson's 1903 window cleaner design
7:
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854:countries such as the UK and Japan.
696:Early wipers were often driven by a
108:adding citations to reliable sources
3303:Vehicle identification number (VIN)
2092:. American Heritage. Archived from
1629:Some larger cars are equipped with
413:to ensure they function optimally.
2670:"Jung at Heart by Peter du Charme"
2529:Supicci Sedes, un espĆritu creador
2285:Schudel, Matt (26 February 2005).
1726:In the 1999 television commercial
1578:that supplies a mixture of water,
1092:as well as the rear wiper for the
845:models and other cars such as the
25:
2616:Warner, Judy (January 11, 1999).
1100:and for the driver's side of the
54:This article has multiple issues.
3339:
3329:
3320:
3319:
2746:Part of a series of articles on
2207:Robert Bosch GmbH (2009-01-16).
1491:
1476:
1215:
1184:
1156:
1108:
1057:
1017:
970:
946:
934:
914:
186:
84:
43:
2559:American Automobile Association
2172:"Locomotive-cab-window cleaner"
1885:Ford Mondeo (fourth generation)
563:design. (US patent 3,262,042).
397:aimed at the windows, embedded
95:needs additional citations for
62:or discuss these issues on the
2211:. Bosch.com.au. Archived from
2196:Espacenet ā Bibliographic data
1559:Windscreen washer in operation
650:, which would set the control
1:
3137:Approach and departure angles
2579:Tuoti, Gerry (7 April 2015).
1881:Ford Focus (third generation)
1463:Other automotive applications
929:and some earlier British cars
1702:glass treatments similar to
1694:High speed aircraft may use
717:Lincoln Continental Mark III
3386:Products introduced in 1903
3200:Automotive light bulb types
2505:article bottom half of page
2001:Chrysler Town & Country
784:DKW-IFA F8 "Luxuscabriolet"
3412:
2697:How Windshield Wipers Work
2266:www.ohiohistorycentral.org
1841:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
1823:(some models until 2011),
1748:Automobile ancillary power
1567:
1455:Alexander Dennis Enviro500
1451:Alexander Dennis Enviro400
449:, and to Mills Munitions,
405:in the wiper blade; these
401:in the glass, or embedded
26:
3315:
2743:
760:ethylene propylene rubber
750:Wiper blades are made of
638:introduced more advanced
594:; when the charge in the
3220:high-intensity discharge
2516:"car detailing services"
2154:"Window-Cleaning Device"
2007:, some first generation
1498:Double rear wipers on a
1311:Unusual wiper geometries
2382:"Windshield Wipers 101"
1843:(5th Generation), some
1588:windscreen washer fluid
1570:Windscreen washer fluid
1483:Single rear wiper on a
1322:with large single wiper
1232:Mercedes-Benz R107/C107
2904:Stressed member engine
2591:Hyannis, Massachusetts
2090:"The Windshield Wiper"
1684:
1672:Bladeless alternatives
1560:
1519:sport utility vehicles
1381:Lamborghini MurciƩlago
1323:
1248:
1239:Other wiper geometries
1203:and utility vehicles,
835:
827:
825:Mercedes-Benz O 405 NH
816:
808:
800:
791:
743:
670:
576:Wayne State University
561:solid-state electronic
553:automotive engineering
497:
489:
473:
431:
301:vehicle's front window
280:
263:
255:
197:is missing information
3036:Windshield/windscreen
2160:on December 20, 2011.
1921:Citroƫn Xsara Picasso
1911:(second generation),
1907:(second generation),
1895:(second generation),
1679:
1635:depressed-park wipers
1558:
1436:British Rail Class 92
1318:
1246:
833:
822:
814:
806:
797:
781:
741:
665:
572:engineering professor
495:
487:
471:
429:
278:
261:
243:
3205:Daytime running lamp
2386:Top Gear Philippines
1909:Ford Transit Connect
1809:Volkswagen Golf Plus
1615:HĆ©ctor Suppici Sedes
1485:Mitsubishi Outlander
1428:and its articulated
1145:Austin Healey Sprite
378:On some vehicles, a
289:Commonwealth English
104:improve this article
29:The Windshield Wiper
3376:American inventions
3167:Weight distribution
3099:Omniview technology
2597:on 5 September 2017
2555:drivinglaws.aaa.com
2115:"Windshield Wipers"
2011:, third generation
1913:Ford Transit Custom
1641:Rain-sensing wipers
1500:Toyota Camry (XV10)
713:Lincoln Continental
527:Intermittent wipers
387:window washer fluid
3286:Registration plate
2668:du Charme, Peter.
1925:Citroƫn C4 Picasso
1833:Mitsubishi Grandis
1781:Mercedes-Benz W114
1753:List of auto parts
1722:In popular culture
1716:safety inspections
1685:
1561:
1324:
1260:Renault Alpine GTA
1249:
1228:Mercedes-Benz W140
1195:wheeled vehicles,
1070:Mercedes-Benz O305
1030:Mercedes-Benz W124
927:Mercedes-Benz W140
907:Nissan Almera Tino
836:
828:
817:
809:
801:
792:
744:
671:
604:Ford Motor Company
598:reached a certain
541:patent application
537:electro-mechanical
498:
490:
476:American inventor
474:
436:George J. Capewell
432:
281:
264:
256:
119:"Windscreen wiper"
3353:
3352:
3311:
3310:
3175:
3174:
3006:Glass run channel
2940:Trunk/boot/dickie
2737:Automotive design
2070:978-0-300-09401-5
1985:Renault Vel Satis
1829:Mitsubishi Delica
1821:Volkswagen Touran
1813:Volkswagen Sharan
1689:clear view screen
1681:Clear view screen
1564:Windscreen washer
1129:Toyota FJ Cruiser
847:Volkswagen Sharan
620:2008 feature film
407:defroster systems
380:windscreen washer
276:
238:
237:
230:
220:
219:
180:
179:
172:
154:
77:
36:Device on vehicle
18:Windshield wipers
16:(Redirected from
3403:
3381:Safety equipment
3366:Windscreen wiper
3343:
3333:
3332:
3323:
3322:
3270:Window deflector
3253:Side-view mirror
3188:
2811:Continental tire
2774:Backbone chassis
2762:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2707:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2593:. Archived from
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2474:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2450:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2282:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2258:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2204:
2198:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2086:
2075:
2074:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2031:
2015:
1997:Chrysler Voyager
1989:Plymouth Voyager
1983:(2002āpresent),
1774:
1736:Arnold Worldwide
1732:Volkswagen Jetta
1586:(a blend called
1529:Headlight wipers
1495:
1480:
1219:
1188:
1160:
1112:
1061:
1021:
1009:I and 1986-2003
974:
950:
938:
918:
852:right hand drive
721:Ford Thunderbird
627:based on a 1993
557:Lucas Industries
297:American English
293:windshield wiper
285:windscreen wiper
277:
233:
226:
215:
212:
206:
190:
182:
175:
168:
164:
161:
155:
153:
112:
88:
80:
69:
47:
46:
39:
21:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3307:
3274:
3236:
3184:
3182:
3171:
3142:Breakover angle
3125:
3052:
2992:
2944:
2923:
2751:
2739:
2734:
2693:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2652:
2650:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2626:
2624:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2600:
2598:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2563:
2561:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2539:
2535:
2527:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2501:
2497:
2487:
2485:
2484:. 30 April 2015
2476:
2475:
2471:
2462:
2460:
2452:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2292:Washington Post
2284:
2283:
2279:
2270:
2268:
2260:
2259:
2252:
2243:
2241:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2218:
2216:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2138:
2136:
2129:"Mary Anderson"
2127:
2126:
2122:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2099:
2097:
2088:
2087:
2078:
2071:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2043:
2041:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2018:
1775:
1771:
1766:
1744:
1724:
1712:
1700:water-repellent
1674:
1643:
1627:
1594:mounted on the
1572:
1566:
1553:
1536:Saab Automobile
1531:
1507:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1481:
1470:
1465:
1391:McLaren MP4-12C
1313:
1303:V2A/V2B/V3A/V3B
1293:AEC Routemaster
1241:
1234:
1220:
1211:
1189:
1180:
1161:
1152:
1113:
1104:
1062:
1053:
1028:as well as the
1022:
1013:
975:
966:
951:
942:
939:
930:
919:
776:
736:
726:On the earlier
702:manifold vacuum
667:Pneumatic motor
660:
624:Flash of Genius
529:
459:Gladstone Adams
424:
419:
403:heating wire(s)
399:heating wire(s)
355:pneumatic power
266:
234:
223:
222:
221:
216:
210:
207:
200:
191:
176:
165:
159:
156:
113:
111:
101:
89:
48:
44:
37:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3409:
3407:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3358:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3337:
3327:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3250:
3244:
3242:
3241:Other elements
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3207:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3162:Turning radius
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3064:Bumper sticker
3060:
3058:
3057:Other elements
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2954:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2828:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2692:
2691:External links
2689:
2687:
2686:
2660:
2634:
2608:
2586:Cape Cod Times
2571:
2542:
2533:
2521:
2507:
2495:
2469:
2458:www.imeche.org
2442:
2423:
2405:
2391:
2373:
2352:
2331:
2320:. 25 June 2014
2305:
2277:
2250:
2225:
2199:
2188:
2163:
2145:
2120:
2106:
2076:
2069:
2059:Day T (2000).
2051:
2035:"WINDOW CLEAN"
2025:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2009:Toyota Previas
1981:Renault Espace
1977:Renault ScƩnic
1975:/Opel Ampera,
1973:Chevrolet Volt
1768:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1743:
1740:
1723:
1720:
1711:
1708:
1673:
1670:
1642:
1639:
1626:
1623:
1565:
1562:
1552:
1551:Other features
1549:
1530:
1527:
1515:station wagons
1497:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1448:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1420:
1419:
1418:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1344:
1341:Renault Twingo
1338:
1333:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1265:Panhard Dyna Z
1262:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1221:
1214:
1212:
1190:
1183:
1181:
1162:
1155:
1153:
1114:
1107:
1105:
1063:
1056:
1054:
1023:
1016:
1014:
976:
969:
967:
952:
945:
943:
940:
933:
931:
920:
913:
775:
772:
752:natural rubber
735:
732:
679:4-bar linkages
675:electric motor
659:
656:
616:patent dispute
528:
525:
505:John R. Oishei
423:
422:Early versions
420:
418:
415:
351:electric motor
305:motor vehicles
236:
235:
218:
217:
194:
192:
185:
178:
177:
92:
90:
83:
78:
52:
51:
49:
42:
35:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3408:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3371:Vehicle parts
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3336:
3328:
3326:
3318:
3317:
3314:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3239:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3178:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3079:Hood ornament
3077:
3075:
3074:Front-end bra
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3026:Quarter glass
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2882:Quarter panel
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2784:Body-on-frame
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2738:
2731:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2717:
2712:
2711:
2708:
2702:
2701:HowStuffWorks
2698:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2661:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2635:
2623:
2619:
2612:
2609:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2582:
2575:
2572:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2522:
2517:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2496:
2483:
2482:wordpress.com
2479:
2473:
2470:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2319:
2318:wordpress.com
2315:
2309:
2306:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2281:
2278:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2215:on 2011-09-11
2214:
2210:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2189:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2135:on 2014-03-13
2134:
2130:
2124:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2096:on 2007-09-11
2095:
2091:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2062:
2055:
2052:
2040:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2021:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1993:Dodge Caravan
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1859:(2007-2013),
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1839:(2005ā2011),
1838:
1834:
1830:
1827:(1968 only),
1826:
1822:
1818:
1817:SEAT Alhambra
1814:
1810:
1807:(1998-2015),
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1770:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1728:Synchronicity
1721:
1719:
1717:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1692:
1690:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1650:
1648:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1631:hidden wipers
1625:Hidden wipers
1624:
1622:
1618:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1563:
1557:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1502:station wagon
1501:
1494:
1486:
1479:
1467:
1462:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1430:Renault PR180
1427:
1426:Renault PR100
1424:
1423:
1421:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1396:Mercedes W140
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1269:Panhard PL 17
1266:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1177:Jeep Wrangler
1174:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1149:GMC Hummer EV
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1133:Jaguar E-Type
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1090:Kenworth T600
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
987:SEAT Marbella
984:
980:
973:
968:
964:
960:
956:
949:
944:
937:
932:
928:
924:
917:
912:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
875:
870:
868:
864:
863:Mercedes-Benz
859:
855:
853:
848:
844:
843:Mercedes-Benz
839:
832:
826:
821:
813:
805:
796:
789:
785:
780:
773:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
748:
740:
733:
731:
729:
724:
722:
718:
714:
709:
707:
703:
699:
694:
691:
686:
684:
681:in series or
680:
676:
668:
664:
657:
655:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
632:
630:
626:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
568:Robert Kearns
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
526:
524:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
494:
486:
482:
479:
478:Mary Anderson
470:
466:
464:
460:
456:
455:Mary Anderson
452:
448:
447:JĆ³zef Hofmann
445:
440:
437:
428:
421:
416:
414:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
385:
381:
376:
374:
373:
368:
364:
360:
359:precipitation
356:
352:
348:
344:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
303:. Almost all
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
260:
253:
252:
247:
242:
232:
229:
214:
204:
198:
195:This article
193:
189:
184:
183:
174:
171:
163:
152:
149:
145:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:
124:
121: ā
120:
116:
115:Find sources:
109:
105:
99:
98:
93:This article
91:
87:
82:
81:
76:
74:
67:
66:
61:
60:
55:
50:
41:
40:
34:
30:
19:
3291:vanity plate
3230:trafficators
3045:
3041:washer fluid
3021:Power window
3016:Opera window
2928:Compartments
2816:Crumple zone
2801:Cabrio coach
2745:
2677:. Retrieved
2673:
2663:
2651:. Retrieved
2647:
2637:
2625:. Retrieved
2621:
2611:
2599:. Retrieved
2595:the original
2584:
2574:
2562:. Retrieved
2554:
2545:
2536:
2524:
2510:
2498:
2486:. Retrieved
2481:
2472:
2461:. Retrieved
2457:
2426:
2418:hemmings.com
2417:
2408:
2394:
2385:
2376:
2364:. Retrieved
2355:
2343:. Retrieved
2334:
2322:. Retrieved
2317:
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2290:
2280:
2269:. Retrieved
2265:
2242:. Retrieved
2240:. 2014-11-09
2237:
2228:
2217:. Retrieved
2213:the original
2202:
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2175:
2166:
2158:the original
2148:
2137:. Retrieved
2133:the original
2123:
2109:
2098:. Retrieved
2094:the original
2060:
2054:
2042:. Retrieved
2038:
2029:
1969:Opel Cascada
1873:Peugeot 5008
1869:Peugeot 3008
1805:Smart Fortwo
1777:Buick Verano
1772:
1727:
1725:
1713:
1693:
1686:
1666:
1651:
1644:
1634:
1630:
1628:
1619:
1607:
1573:
1545:
1532:
1508:
1411:Toyota Etios
1401:Mitsubishi i
1356:Dacia Spring
1347:Renault Kwid
1320:Toyota Yaris
1283:Simca Aronde
1201:school buses
1173:school buses
1078:trolleybuses
1074:school buses
979:VAZ-1111 Oka
899:E63 6 Series
895:E60 5 Series
879:Renault Clio
871:
860:
856:
840:
837:
788:East Germany
749:
745:
725:
710:
698:vacuum motor
695:
687:
672:
633:
622:
612:Mercury line
565:
530:
521:
503:
499:
475:
441:
433:
379:
377:
370:
366:
363:intermittent
362:
340:
307:, including
292:
284:
282:
250:
224:
208:
196:
166:
157:
147:
140:
133:
126:
114:
102:Please help
97:verification
94:
70:
63:
57:
56:Please help
53:
33:
3396:Car windows
3225:sealed beam
3157:Roll center
3152:Ride height
3089:Japan black
3084:Instruments
3069:Curb feeler
2935:Hood/bonnet
2679:January 30,
2653:January 30,
2627:January 30,
2601:4 September
2564:4 September
2432:20150047142
2298:12 December
2209:"BoschLive"
1961:Opel Zafira
1957:Opel Meriva
1901:Ford Galaxy
1877:Peugeot RCZ
1865:Peugeot 508
1861:Peugeot 407
1857:Peugeot 308
1853:Peugeot 307
1837:Honda Civic
1710:Legislation
1662:Volkswagens
1647:rain sensor
1538:introduced
1517:/ estates,
1468:Rear wipers
1446:Borismaster
1376:Toyota Aygo
1371:Peugeot 108
1366:Peugeot 107
1336:Honda Today
1256:Alpine A310
1193:US military
1165:fire trucks
1102:Triumph TR7
1098:Porsche 928
1096:Si and the
1082:Ikarus 415T
963:SEAT Toledo
903:Peugeot 206
889:as well as
867:cantilevers
756:EPDM rubber
728:Citroƫn 2CV
700:powered by
463:Whitley Bay
353:, although
349:, often an
324:locomotives
251:whippletree
3360:Categories
3011:Greenhouse
2463:2022-01-21
2271:2018-01-13
2244:2018-10-09
2219:2011-09-23
2176:google.com
2139:2010-12-20
2100:2010-12-23
2039:google.com
2022:References
2013:Kia Carens
1965:Opel Astra
1933:Citroƫn C6
1929:Citroƫn C5
1917:Citroƫn C4
1897:Ford S-Max
1893:Ford C-Max
1889:Ford B-Max
1825:Datsun 510
1654:Citroƫn SM
1610:antifreeze
1603:oscillator
1568:See also:
1511:hatchbacks
1415:Yaris/Vitz
1361:Citroƫn C1
1273:Panhard 24
1226:cars, LHD
1094:Honda CR-X
1088:) and the
1011:Jaguar XJs
1007:SEAT Ibiza
1003:Citroƫn ZX
999:Citroƫn BX
995:Citroƫn AX
983:Fiat Panda
955:SEAT Altea
925:cars; RHD
799:different.
715:, '69ā'71
629:New Yorker
608:executives
451:Birmingham
411:headlights
384:antifreeze
372:pantograph
334:āand some
328:watercraft
211:March 2021
130:newspapers
59:improve it
3265:Tow hitch
3183:equipment
3109:Tire/tyre
2968:Gull-wing
2958:Butterfly
2919:Trunk lid
2862:Monocoque
2766:Framework
2005:Mazda MPV
1905:Ford Kuga
1696:bleed air
1660:and most
1658:Cadillacs
1613:mechanic
1584:detergent
1540:headlight
1406:Datsun Go
1386:Lexus LFA
1351:City K-ZE
1205:Hummer H1
1141:MG Midget
1026:Subaru XT
959:SEAT LeĆ³n
874:LH driver
690:pneumatic
596:capacitor
584:human eye
549:hydraulic
203:talk page
160:July 2008
65:talk page
3325:Category
3210:Headlamp
3192:Lighting
3181:Exterior
3147:Overhang
3130:Geometry
3114:run-flat
3094:Nerf bar
2909:Subframe
2877:Platform
2867:Overhang
2779:Beltline
2674:Bandcamp
1845:minivans
1758:Squeegee
1742:See also
1730:for the
1523:minivans
1197:jeepneys
1191:Fig. 9:
1125:Hino 700
1115:Fig. 7:
1072:), some
991:Fiat Uno
953:Fig. 3:
905:and the
774:Geometry
768:graphite
706:throttle
683:parallel
644:SM model
586:, which
555:company
533:inventor
336:aircraft
3335:Commons
3031:Sunroof
2983:Suicide
2978:Sliding
2973:Scissor
2914:Tonneau
2899:Spoiler
2806:Chassis
2488:5 April
2324:5 April
2181:5 April
2044:7 March
1847:, some
1600:fluidic
1592:nozzles
1580:alcohol
1432:version
1417:(XP130)
1331:Audi A2
1199:, some
1171:, some
1169:ZIL-131
1076:, some
652:circuit
648:current
636:Citroƫn
600:voltage
580:Detroit
545:thermal
444:pianist
417:History
395:heaters
391:nozzles
330:with a
144:scholar
3345:Portal
3215:hidden
2963:Canopy
2872:Pillar
2853:shaker
2838:Grille
2831:skirts
2826:ponton
2821:Fender
2794:Dagmar
2789:Bumper
2648:Ad Age
2622:Adweek
2438:
2366:1 June
2345:1 June
2067:
1953:BMW i8
1949:BMW i3
1704:Rain-X
1582:, and
1209:HUMVEE
1121:DAF XF
1080:(e.g.
1068:(e.g.
901:, the
887:ScƩnic
883:Twingo
588:blinks
517:Tienen
375:arms.
367:radial
343:pivots
326:, and
313:trucks
146:
139:
132:
125:
117:
3298:Theft
3279:Legal
3258:power
3119:spare
3104:Parts
3046:wiper
2998:Glass
2950:Doors
2848:scoop
1979:III,
1849:buses
1764:Notes
1086:ZiU-9
1066:buses
786:from
734:Shape
658:Power
570:, an
513:Bosch
509:Trico
347:motor
332:cabin
321:train
317:buses
291:) or
246:force
151:JSTOR
137:books
3391:Rain
3248:Horn
2988:Swan
2892:rack
2887:Roof
2843:Hood
2757:Body
2748:cars
2681:2020
2655:2020
2629:2020
2603:2017
2566:2017
2490:2018
2368:2020
2347:2020
2326:2018
2300:2011
2183:2018
2065:ISBN
2046:2019
1945:DS 5
1941:DS 4
1931:II,
1801:W639
1799:and
1797:W414
1793:W245
1789:W169
1785:W168
1633:(or
1596:hood
1576:pump
1271:and
1258:and
1207:and
1084:and
1050:W210
1048:and
1046:C208
1042:W202
1038:W201
1034:R129
961:II,
897:and
885:and
758:(or
640:rain
547:and
531:The
309:cars
123:news
2699:at
1967:J,
1819:I,
1224:RHD
1137:MGB
1117:MAN
965:III
923:LHD
893:'s
891:BMW
578:in
574:at
461:of
106:by
3362::
2672:.
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2253:^
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2079:^
2037:.
2003:,
1987:,
1971:,
1963:,
1959:,
1955:,
1951:,
1947:,
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1939:,
1935:,
1927:,
1923:,
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1915:,
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1899:,
1891:,
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1999:/
1995:/
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225:(
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173:)
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